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29-610: The first White Hair, Paw-Hiu-Skah, Pahuska, or Pawhuska, was born about 1763 and died about 1809. The town of Pawhuska, Oklahoma is named for him. He was the chief of the Thorny-Valley people, a division of the Osage people. In 1791, Pawhuska is reputed to have fought against American troops under Arthur St. Clair in Ohio. During the battle, the worst defeat ever suffered by U.S. forces against Indians, Pawhuska attempted to scalp

58-444: A boutique hotel, The PW Boarding House. She offers tours of her cooking lodge on nearby Drummond Ranch, the base for her TV show, The Pioneer Woman . Pawhuska has a home rule charter form of government. The area is served by Pawhuska Public Schools , which operates Pawhuska High School. There is a private Osage language immersion preschool through 7th grade school, Daposka Ahnkodapi Elementary School . It opened in 2015 and

87-504: A brick plant, a creamery, an ice factory, and a rock crusher. The Osage Nation has opened a gaming casino here, hoping to generate revenue for the tribe. In 2016, "Pioneer Woman" Ree Drummond opened The Mercantile on Main Street. Since 2011 she has had a TV series, named after her blog, on The Food Network. Her store and restaurant are related ventures. By 2018 the restaurant was serving up to 6,000 people per day. Drummond also operates

116-472: A cause for the continuing contamination, EPA officials felt that the most likely cause would be water that had been used in secondary recovery of petroleum. Sam Coleman, Regional Administrator for U.S. EPA Region 6, and Kenneth Wagner, scientific advisor to EPA Administrator Scott Pruitt, visited the Coleman Ranch, which surrounded the contamination source, and agreed that responsibility for cleaning up

145-693: A community in Washington County , to Pawhuska in 1923. As the oil boom declined and the Great Depression set in, the population declined. The steady decline has continued to the present. Minor league baseball came to Pawhuska briefly in the 1920s in the form of two teams: the Pawhuska Huskers , which operated from 1920–21, and the Pawhuska Osages , which operated for part of the 1922 season before folding. Pawhuska

174-586: A fallen officer but the man's powdered wig came off in Pawhuska's hand. In the ensuing confusion, the officer escaped. The chief was impressed by how the wig protected its original wearer, so he kept it for the rest of his life and became known as White Hair. In the late eighteenth century the Osage were a powerful tribe on the Western prairies with an empire that reached south from the Missouri River to

203-431: A household in the city was $ 25,156, and the median income for a family was $ 31,599. Males had a median income of $ 25,682 versus $ 17,690 for females. The per capita income for the city was $ 13,916. About 13.7% of families and 17.5% of the population were below the poverty line , including 22.3% of those under age 18 and 14.9% of those age 65 or over. Other than cattle ranches nearby, local employment consisted primarily of

232-654: A serious problem until Tulsa's population growth spilled out into the Bird Creek watershed east and north of downtown Tulsa. The city issued its first land-use plan after a serious flood along the Arkansas River in 1923, but this plan was aimed more at preventing flooding along the Arkansas than in the Bird Creek watershed. Not until three floods in August, September and December 1971, did angry residents demand that

261-533: A small reservation in Kansas. White Hair IV (George White Hair) became chief in 1832 and served until his death in 1852, age 48. His cousin Iron Hawk became White Hair V until his death in 1861, also 48 years old. Little White Hair became the last hereditary White Hair Chief, serving until his death on December 24, 1869. White Hair VI was one of the signers of the 1865 treaty that ceded most Osage lands in Kansas to

290-595: Is 57 miles (92 km) northwest of Tulsa . According to the United States Census Bureau , the city has a total area of 3.8 square miles (9.8 km ), all land. The city lies within USDA plant hardiness zone 7a (0 to 5 °F/-17.8 to -15 °C). The Tallgrass Prairie Preserve lies north of the town. Pawhuska is in the Tulsa metropolitan area, which includes part of Osage County. The population of

319-582: Is a city in and the county seat of Osage County, Oklahoma , United States. As of the 2020 census , the population of the city was 2,984. It was named after the 19th-century Osage chief, Paw-Hiu-Skah , which means "White Hair" in English. The Osage tribal government , which opened offices in Pawhuska in 1872 when its reservation was established in Indian Territory , continues to be based in Pawhuska. The town, originally known as Deep Ford,

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348-485: Is formed from the waters of North Bird Creek, Middle Bird Creek, and South Bird Creek, all of which rise in Osage County . The South and Middle branches of the creek converge at Bluestem Lake . Outflow from the lake is called Middle Bird Creek. North Bird Creek joins Middle Bird Creek northwest of Pawhuska , and from that point on is simply Bird Creek. From Pawhuska, the creek flows southeastward and eastward through

377-564: Is impounded by Skiatook Lake dam about 14.3 miles (23.0 km) above its confluence with Bird Creek. Two relatively small battles occurred in Indian Territory along Bird Creek during the Civil War: the Battle of Chusto-Talasah and the Battle of Chustenahlah . Historically, Bird Creek was a frequent site of flooding in the Tulsa area. However, flood control did not seem to be considered

406-478: Is served by one U.S. Highway and two state highways. Pawhuska Municipal Airport, FAA Identifier H76, is a single runway airport located on US-60 and Osage County Road 4291, about four miles west of the city. Runway 35/17 is paved, 3,200-foot-long (980 m) and 60-foot-wide (18 m). The airport opened in September 1945. Bird Creek Bird Creek is a stream in northeast Oklahoma . The main creek

435-771: The Church of England . On Independence day weekend 2009, the Pawhuska Boy Scout troop celebrated its centennial with a mini- jamboree attended by over 300 Scouts from across the United States. During the Osage oil boom of the 1910s and 1920s, Pawhuska was the site of big-money public auctions of oil and gas leases under the so-called “ Million Dollar Elm ” next to the Osage Council House. The population grew to 6,414 by 1920. The Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railroad extended its line from Owen,

464-719: The Red River . Pawhuska was the most prominent chief and had the closest relationships with French traders, especially the Chouteau family which operated under the rule of the Spanish government. The Osage frequently had skirmishes and battles with the Spanish and other Indian tribes. However, internal dissension weakened the Osage and they split into three main groups. In 1796, the group headed by Clermont (Claremore) and Pawhuska settled near Jean Pierre Chouteau 's trading post on

493-676: The Verdigris River in Indian Territory In 1800, the Marqués de Casa Calvo , newly appointed governor of Louisiana accused Osages of stealing from and murdering non-Natives and encouraged Pawhuska and his band of Osages to fight the rest of the Osages. Pawhuska refused. One of Pawhuska's daughters married Kaw chief White Plume and thus established a lasting peace between the Osage and Kaw. White Plume's great-grandson

522-556: The Roman Catholic Church, began in 1887 and closed at a point up to 1949. Radio stations licensed to Pawhuska include: The local newspaper is the Pawhuska Journal-Capital . Its roots go back to two papers which subsequently merged: The Capital and The Journal , each established in 1904. The Journal-Capital has been in continuous publication under that name since April 6, 1925. Pawhuska

551-626: The United States and set the stage for their removal to a reservation (contiguous with Osage County ) in Oklahoma in 1871. By this time the powerful Osage of the eighteenth and early nineteenth century were a beleaguered people, but in one sense they had the last laugh. They sold their old lands for a good price and huge pools of petroleum were found on their new lands in Oklahoma. Pawhuska, Oklahoma Pawhuska ( Osage : 𐓄𐓘𐓢𐓶𐓮𐓤𐓘, hpahúska , lit.: White Hair ; Chiwere : Paháhga )

580-407: The city was 3,589 at the 2010 census , a decline of 1.2 percent from 3,629 at the 2000 census . As of the census of 2000, there were 3,629 people, 1,513 households, and 954 families residing in the city. The population density was 966.4 inhabitants per square mile (373.1/km ). There were 1,802 housing units at an average density of 479.9 per square mile (185.3/km ). The racial makeup of the city

609-575: The city's previous actions had been wholly insufficient. In August 2016, an oily sheen, along with several dead fish and turtles, was reported on North Bird Creek, about 5 miles (8.0 km) from the Tall Grass Preserve in Osage County, Oklahoma . After looking at the site, the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), added that warm salt water was bubbling up through the creek water. After trying to locate

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638-550: The father of Clarence L. Tinker , highest-ranking Native American officer in the US Army. The first post office opened in 1876. The Midland Valley Railroad reached Pawhuska in September 1905. By the time of statehood in 1907, the town population was 2,407. The first Boy Scout troop is claimed to have been organized in Pawhuska in May 1909 by John F. Mitchell, a missionary priest from England sent to St. Thomas Episcopal Church by

667-411: The north side of the Tulsa metropolitan area , before reaching its mouth at the Verdigris River near Catoosa . Major tributaries include Birch Creek, Hominy Creek and Mingo Creek. There are numerous minor tributaries, both named and unnamed, that have contributed to historical flooding problems in the Tulsa area. Birch Creek is impounded by Birch Lake , south of Barnsdall, Oklahoma. Hominy Creek

696-549: The problem be fixed. Tulsa responded by joining the National Flood Insurance Program, adopting a new definition of the 100-year flood standard and promising to regulate flood plain use. In 1974, disastrous floods occurred on Bird Creek in April and May, then on June 8 along Mingo, Joe, Fry and Haikey creeks. Finally, a flood of Mingo creek on September 19 was enough evidence for the residents to show that

725-566: Was Charles Curtis , vice president of the United States , and many present-day Kaw Indians can trace their ancestry back to White Plume and Pawhuska. The lineage of Pawhuska continued with his son, White Hair II, but he apparently was an ineffective chief and he was soon replaced by White Hair III, who moved most of the remaining members of the Osage tribe to the Neosho River in Oklahoma in 1822. The Osage subsequently were forced by White and Indian encroachment on their lands to move back to

754-535: Was 64.98% White , 2.78% African American , 25.46% Native American , 0.25% Asian , 0.52% from other races , and 6.01% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.85% of the population. There were 1,513 households, out of which 29.5% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 44.7% were married couples living together, 14.4% had a female householder with no husband present, and 36.9% were non-families. 33.8% of all households were made up of individuals, and 18.1% had someone living alone who

783-449: Was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.37 and the average family size was 3.02. In the city, the population was spread out, with 27.8% under the age of 18, 7.3% from 18 to 24, 23.0% from 25 to 44, 22.2% from 45 to 64, and 19.8% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 39 years. For every 100 females, there were 88.1 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 78.2 males. The median income for

812-489: Was accredited in 2021. Oklahoma State University has an Osage County Extension Office near Pawhuska. In the past there was a federally-run boarding school for Osage students. It was known as the McCabe Boarding School, a.k.a. Osage Boarding School a.k.a. Pawhuska Boarding School. It began around 1889 and closed at a point up to 1893. Additionally, St. Louis School for Osage Indian Girls, created by

841-535: Was established in 1872 with the reservation for the Osage Nation , part of Indian Territory . The Osage Indian Agency was located along Bird Creek . One of the three main bands of the tribe settled here. Traders followed, building stores during 1872 and 1873. Pawhuska's first newspaper, the Indian Herald (also known as Wah-Sha-She News. ), was founded in 1875 by George Edward Tinker, an Osage who became

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