89-454: Inkubus Sukkubus are an English goth and pagan rock band, formed in 1989 by Candia Ridley, Tony McKormack and Adam Henderson, who have been described as one of the most enduringly popular underground Goth bands in the UK. They also have been described by Mick Mercer as a "zombie version of Fleetwood Mac " in his book Hex Files: The Goth Bible . Inkubus Sukkubus have released albums and toured
178-401: A handfasting ceremony. The group currently consists of guitarist Tony McKormack (ex- Screaming Dead ), vocalist Candia McKormack and bassist Roland Link. The band uses a drum machine and sequencer to provide percussion and orchestral backing. They also perform as a fully acoustic act with Abigail Blackman on cello , Nick Gibbs on violin , and Marcus Gilvear on drums . In 2013, Candia
267-498: A Room (1969), Songs of Love and Hate (1971) and New Skin for the Old Ceremony (1974). His 1977 record Death of a Ladies' Man , co-written and produced by Phil Spector , was a move away from Cohen's previous minimalist sound. In 1979, Cohen returned with the more traditional Recent Songs , which blended his acoustic style with jazz, East Asian, and Mediterranean influences. Cohen's most famous song, " Hallelujah ",
356-597: A honey cache: I'm stumbling right into it and getting stuck, and it's delicious and it's horrible and I'm in it and it's not very graceful and it's very awkward and it's very painful and yet there's something inevitable about it." In 2011, Cohen was awarded the Prince of Asturias Award for literature. His poetry collection The Flame , which he had been working on at the time of his death, appeared posthumously in 2018. Cohen's books have been translated into several languages. In 1967, disappointed with his lack of success as
445-650: A lesser extent, the BDSM culture. Gothic fashions within the subculture range from deathrock, punk , androgynous , Victorian , to Renaissance and medieval -style attire, or combinations of the above, most often with black clothing, makeup and hair. Crimped hair was popular among gothic fans in the 1980s. In the 1990s, several acts such as PJ Harvey , Marilyn Manson , Manic Street Preachers , and Nine Inch Nails included gothic characteristics in their music. According to Rolling Stone , PJ Harvey's music in 1993 "careens from blues to goth to grunge , often in
534-663: A new album, New Skin for the Old Ceremony , with songs inspired by the war. "Lover Lover Lover", was written and performed in Sinai. "Who By Fire", written reflecting on the war, takes its name from the Yom Kippur prayer, the Unetaneh Tokef . Other songs inspired by the war are "Field Commander Cohen" and "There is a War". In 1976, Cohen said during the concert that his now famous song was written for "the Egyptians and
623-602: A new sound by featuring instruments like the oud , the Gypsy violin, and the mandolin . The album was supported by Cohen's major tour with the new band, and Jennifer Warnes and Sharon Robinson on the backing vocals, in Europe in late 1979, and again in Australia, Israel, and Europe in 1980. In 2000, Columbia released an album of live recordings of songs from the 1979 tour, titled Field Commander Cohen: Tour of 1979 . During
712-445: A resurgence of the goth subculture, fueled largely by crossover from the industrial, electronic and metal scenes; and goth culture and aesthetic again worked itself into the mainstream consciousness, inspiring thriving goth music scenes in most cities and notoriety throughout popular culture. Beginning in the early 1990s, gothic metal fused "the bleak, icy atmospherics of goth rock with the loud guitars and aggression of heavy metal." In
801-649: A return to touring to recoup his losses. Following a successful string of tours between 2008 and 2013, he released three albums in the final years of his life: Old Ideas (2012), Popular Problems (2014), and You Want It Darker (2016), the last of which was released three weeks before his death. His posthumous, fifteenth, and final studio album Thanks for the Dance , was released in November 2019. In 2023, Rolling Stone ranked him number 103 in their "200 Greatest Singers of All Time" list. Leonard Norman Cohen
890-435: A rocket site and they would shine their flashlights at us and we would sing a few songs. Or they would give us a jeep and we would go down the road towards the front and wherever we saw a few soldiers waiting for a helicopter or something like that we would sing a few songs. And maybe back at the airbase we would do a little concert, maybe with amplifiers. It was very informal, and you know, very intense." In 1974 Cohen released
979-592: A shift in sound and commercial success. Southern Death Cult reformed as the Cult , a more conventional hard rock group. Bauhaus members reformed as the psychedelia-influenced Love and Rockets achieving both critical and commercial success during the late 1980s and '90s. In their wake, the Mission , which included two former members of the Sisters of Mercy (Wayne Hussey and Craig Adams), achieved commercial success in
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#17327717981031068-422: A songwriter. I want to write songs," Simon recalled Cohen telling him. Subsequently, Cohen published less, with major gaps, concentrating more on recording songs. In 1966 he wrote "Suzanne", which was performed the same year by The Stormy Clovers, and recorded by Judy Collins on her album In My Life . In 1978, he published his first book of poetry in many years, Death of a Lady's Man (not to be confused with
1157-641: A taste for literary romanticism, morbidity, religious symbolism, and/or supernatural mysticism." Critic John Stickney used the term "gothic rock" to describe the music of the Doors in October 1967, in a review published in The Williams Record . Stickney wrote that the band met the journalists "in the gloomy vaulted wine cellar of the Delmonico hotel , the perfect room to honor the gothic rock of
1246-584: A term in the McGill Faculty of Law and then a year (1956–1957) at the Columbia University School of General Studies . Cohen described his graduate school experience as "passion without flesh, love without climax". Consequently, Cohen left New York and returned to Montreal in 1957, working various odd jobs and focusing on the writing of fiction and poetry, including the poems for his next book, The Spice-Box of Earth (1961), which
1335-407: A venue for the goth scene: the band Specimen gave many concerts there. That same year, Ian Astbury of the band Southern Death Cult used the term "gothic goblins" to describe Sex Gang Children 's fans. Southern Death Cult became icons of the scene, drawing aesthetic inspiration from Native American culture and appearing on the cover of NME in October. In February 1983, the emerging scene
1424-404: A very Messianic childhood. I was told I was a descendant of Aaron , the high priest ." Cohen attended Roslyn Elementary School and completed grades seven through nine at Herzliah High School , where his literary mentor (and later inspiration) Irving Layton taught. He then transferred in 1948 to Westmount High School , where he studied music and poetry. He became especially interested in
1513-537: A writer, Cohen moved to the United States to pursue a career as a folk music singer–songwriter. During the 1960s, he was a fringe figure in Andy Warhol 's "Factory" crowd. Warhol speculated that Cohen had spent time listening to Nico in clubs and that this had influenced his musical style. His song " Suzanne " became a hit for Judy Collins (who subsequently recorded a number of Cohen's other songs), and
1602-506: A year on the album charts. He appeared on BBC TV in 1968 where he sang a duet from the album with Julie Felix . Several of the songs on that first album were recorded by other popular folk artists, including James Taylor and Judy Collins. Cohen followed up that first album with Songs from a Room (1969, featuring the often-recorded " Bird on the Wire ") and Songs of Love and Hate (1971). In 1971, film director Robert Altman featured
1691-487: A young Spanish guitar player taught him "a few chords and some flamenco ", he switched to a classical guitar. He has attributed his love of music to his mother, who sang songs around the house: "I know that those changes, those melodies, touched me very much. She would sing with us when I took my guitar to a restaurant with some friends; my mother would come, and we'd often sing all night." Cohen frequented Montreal's Saint Laurent Boulevard for fun and ate at places such as
1780-528: A young man who discovers his identity through writing. Cohen was the subject of a 44-minute documentary in 1965 from the National Film Board called Ladies and Gentlemen... Mr. Leonard Cohen . The 1966 novel Beautiful Losers received a good deal of attention from the Canadian press and stirred up controversy because of a number of sexually graphic passages. Regarding Beautiful Losers,
1869-876: Is a style of rock music that emerged from post-punk in the United Kingdom in the late 1970s. The first post-punk bands which shifted toward dark music with gothic overtones include Siouxsie and the Banshees , Joy Division , Bauhaus , and the Cure . The genre itself was defined as a separate movement from post-punk. Gothic rock stood out due to its darker sound, with the use of primarily minor or bass chords, reverb, dark arrangements, or dramatic and melancholic melodies, having inspirations in gothic literature allied with themes such as sadness, nihilism, dark romanticism, tragedy, melancholy and morbidity. These themes are often approached poetically. The sensibilities of
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#17327717981031958-480: Is another forerunner genre of gothic rock. Pitchfork wrote: "Although it abandoned the psychedelic color palette and exchanged alien worship for a vampire cult, goth kept glam's theatricality intact, as well as its openness to experimentation." In April 1977, critic Dave Marsh of The Morning Record described Philip Glass 's current album North Star as "the best neo-Gothic rock since John Cale and Terry Riley 's Church of Anthrax , or more appropriately,
2047-499: Is cruel, that it leaves bones, blood and ugly stains on the holy soil." Cohen played his most-known songs to the troops: "Suzanne", "So Long Marianne", "Bird on the Wire", and his new song he called "Lover Lover Lover". In Sinai, Cohen was introduced to the Major General Ariel Sharon , future Prime Minister of Israel. Cohen later described the improvised concerts: "We would just drop into little places, like
2136-399: Is dedicated to the poet Irving Layton . Also, during the late 1990s and 2000s, many of Cohen's new poems and lyrics were first published on the fan website The Leonard Cohen Files, including the original version of the poem "A Thousand Kisses Deep" (which Cohen later adapted for a song). Cohen's writing process, as he told an interviewer in 1998, was "like a bear stumbling into a beehive or
2225-563: Is inextricably connected to Cohen's songs. It's impossible to imagine Altman's masterpiece without them." In 1970, Cohen toured for the first time, in the United States, Canada, and Europe, and appeared at the Isle of Wight Festival . In 1972 he toured again in Europe and Israel, captured on film by Tony Palmer and eventually released in 2010 under the title 'Bird on a Wire'. When his performance in Israel did not seem to be going well he walked off
2314-488: Is one of those rare songs that survives its banalization with at least some of its sublimity intact". The song is the subject of the 2012 book The Holy or the Broken by Alan Light and the 2022 documentary film Hallelujah: Leonard Cohen, A Journey, A Song by Dan Geller and Dayna Goldfine. Janet Maslin 's New York Times book review said that Cohen spent years struggling with the song, which eventually became "one of
2403-556: The Boston Globe stated: "James Joyce is not dead. He is living in Montreal under the name of Cohen." In 1966 Cohen also published Parasites of Heaven , a book of poems. Both Beautiful Losers and Parasites of Heaven received mixed reviews and sold few copies. In 1966, CBC-TV producer Andrew Simon produced a local Montreal current affairs program, Seven on Six , and offered Cohen a position as host. "I decided I'm going to be
2492-546: The Main Deli Steak House . According to journalist David Sax , he and one of his cousins would go to the Main Deli to "watch the gangsters, pimps, and wrestlers dance around the night". When he left Westmount, he purchased a place on Saint-Laurent Boulevard in the previously working-class neighbourhood of Little Portugal . He would read his poetry at assorted nearby clubs. In that period and place, he wrote
2581-640: The Pornography album, which is considered as "the Cure's gothic piece de resistance". They would later become the most commercially successful of these groups. The Cure's style was "withdrawn", contrasting with their contemporaries like Nick Cave 's the Birthday Party, who drew on blues and violent turmoil. With the Birthday Party's Junkyard album, Nick Cave combined "sacred and profane" things, using Old Testament imagery with stories about sin, curses and damnation. Their 1981 single " Release
2670-583: The Spanish poetry of Federico García Lorca . During high school, he was involved in various extracurricular activities, including photography, yearbook, cheerleading, arts club, current events club, and theater. He also served as president of the Students' Council. During that time, he taught himself to play the acoustic guitar and formed a country – folk group that he called the Buckskin Boys. After
2759-461: The "gothic" label "became a critical term of abuse" for a band like Bauhaus , who had arrived on the music scene in 1979. At the time, NME considered that "Siouxsie and the Banshees, Adam and the Ants and even... Joy Division" opened up "a potentially massive market" for newcomers like Bauhaus and Killing Joke : journalist Andy Gill then separated these two groups of bands, pointing out that there
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2848-495: The 1970s, Cohen toured twice with Jennifer Warnes as a backup singer (1972 and 1979). Warnes would become a fixture on Cohen's future albums, receiving full co-vocals credit on Cohen's 1984 album Various Positions (although the record was released under Cohen's name, the inside credits say "Vocals by Leonard Cohen and Jennifer Warnes"). In 1987 she recorded an album of Cohen songs, Famous Blue Raincoat . Cohen said that she sang backup for his 1980 tour, even though her career at
2937-446: The 2000s, critics regularly noticed the influence of goth on bands of that time period. English band The Horrors mixed 1960s garage rock with 1980s goth. When referencing female singer Zola Jesus , writers questioned if she announced the second coming of the genre as her music was described with this term. In terms of fashion, gothic bands incorporated influences from 19th-century Gothic literature along with horror films and, to
3026-560: The Bats " was particularly influential in the scene. Killing Joke were originally inspired by Public Image Ltd. , borrowing from funk, disco , dub and, later, heavy metal . Calling their style "tension music", Killing Joke distorted these elements to provocative effect, as well as producing a morbid, politically charged visual style. Reynolds identified the Birthday Party and Killing Joke as essential proto-goth groups. Despite their legacy as progenitors of gothic rock, those groups disliked
3115-834: The Chester MacNaghten Literary Competition for the poems "Sparrows" and "Thoughts of a Landsman". Cohen published his first poem in March 1954 in the magazine CIV/n . The issue also included poems by Cohen's poet–professors (who were also on the editorial board) Irving Layton and Louis Dudek . Cohen graduated from McGill the following year with a B.A. degree. His literary influences during this time included William Butler Yeats , Irving Layton (who taught political science at McGill and became both Cohen's mentor and his friend), Walt Whitman , Federico García Lorca , and Henry Miller . His first published book of poetry, Let Us Compare Mythologies (1956),
3204-700: The Doors and, certainly, early Velvet Underground". In March 1979, Kent used the gothic adjective in his review of Magazine's second album, Secondhand Daylight . Kent noted that there was "a new austere sense of authority" to their music, with a "dank neo-Gothic sound". The second Siouxsie and the Banshees album, also released in 1979, was a precursor in several aspects. For journalist Alexis Petridis of The Guardian , "A lot of musical signifiers... – scything, effects-laden guitar, pounding tribal drums – are audible, on... Join Hands ". In September, Joy Division's manager Tony Wilson described their music as "gothic" on
3293-566: The Doors". The author noted that contrary to the "pleasant, amusing hippies ", there was "violence" in their music and a dark atmosphere on stage during their concerts. Stickney ultimately titled his article, "Four Doors to the Future: Gothic Rock Is Their Thing". Musicians who initially shaped the aesthetics and musical conventions of gothic rock include Marc Bolan , the Velvet Underground ,
3382-509: The Doors, David Bowie , Brian Eno , and Iggy Pop . Journalist Kurt Loder would write that the song " All Tomorrow's Parties " by the Velvet Underground is a "mesmerizing gothic-rock masterpiece". However, Reynolds considers Alice Cooper as "the true ungodly godfather of goth" due to his "theatrics and black humor ". Nico 's 1968 album The Marble Index is sometimes described as "the first truly gothic album". With its stark sound, somber lyrics, and Nico's deliberate change in her look,
3471-469: The Flat Field in 1980, and the album is often considered the first gothic rock album. In the early 1980s, post-punk bands such as Siouxsie and the Banshees and the Cure included more gothic characteristics in their music. According to Reynolds, with their fourth album, 1981's Juju , the Banshees included several gothic qualities, lyrically and sonically, whereas according to The Guardian , Juju
3560-511: The Israelis", though he wrote and performed the song for the Israeli soldiers during the war, and the song originally contained the lines "I went down to the desert to help my brothers fight". In 1973, Columbia Records released Cohen's first concert album, Live Songs . Then beginning around 1974, Cohen's collaboration with pianist and arranger John Lissauer created a live sound praised by
3649-723: The March Violets , who performed in a similar style. According to Reynolds, the March Violets "imitated Joy Division sonically". Another band, the Danse Society was particularly inspired by the Cure's Pornography period. American gothic rock began with 45 Grave and Christian Death . This harder, more punk rock -influenced style of gothic rock became known as deathrock . Christian Death combined "self-consciously controversial tactics" with Los Angeles punk and heavy metal influences. Their singer Rozz Williams committed suicide by hanging in 1998 at age 34. 45 Grave
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3738-512: The Stooges , the Velvet Underground, the Birthday Party, Suicide , and the Fall , created a new, harder form of gothic rock. In addition, they incorporated a drum machine . Reynolds identified their 1983 single " Temple of Love " as the quintessential goth anthem of the year, along with Southern Death Cult's "Fatman". The group created their own record label, Merciful Release , which also signed
3827-514: The Sugarcubes . Reynolds has spoken of a shift from early goth to gothic rock proper, advanced by the Sisters of Mercy . As journalist Jennifer Park put it, "The original blueprint for gothic rock had mutated significantly. Doom and gloom was no longer confined to its characteristic atmospherics, but as the Sisters demonstrated, it could really rock". The Sisters of Mercy, who cited influences such as Leonard Cohen, Gary Glitter , Motörhead ,
3916-417: The UK and internationally ever since their formation as Incubus Succubus in 1989. In 1995, the band adopted the name Inkubus Sukkubus, citing numerology as the reason for the change, and signed to Resurrection Records. The live line-up changed significantly, adopting the use of a drum machine and sequenced backing, with some additional support by a bodhrán , and Adam Henderson moving back to bass. In 1996,
4005-410: The album became a crucial music and visual prototype for the gothic rock movement. Gothic rock creates a dark atmosphere by drawing influence from the drones used by protopunk group the Velvet Underground, and many gothic singers are influenced by the "deep and dramatic" vocal timbre of David Bowie, albeit singing at even lower pitches. Although gothic rock is an offshoot of post-punk , glam rock
4094-725: The album he released the previous year, the similarly titled Death of a Ladies' Man ). It was not until 1984 that Cohen published his next book of poems, Book of Mercy , which won him the Canadian Authors Association Literary Award for Poetry. The book contains 50 prose-poems, influenced by the Hebrew Bible and Zen writings. Cohen himself referred to the pieces as "prayers". In 1993 Cohen published Stranger Music: Selected Poems and Songs , and in 2006, after 10 years of delays, additions, and rewritings, Book of Longing . The Book of Longing
4183-669: The album with his biggest tour to date, in Europe and Australia, and with his first tour in Canada and the United States since 1975. The band performed at the Montreux Jazz Festival , and the Roskilde Festival . They also gave a series of highly emotional and politically controversial concerts in Poland, which had been under martial law just two years before, and performed the song " The Partisan ", regarded as
4272-528: The album with two music videos, for "Closing Time" and "The Future", and supported the release with the major tour through Europe, United States and Canada, with the same band as in his 1988 tour, including a second appearance on PBS 's Austin City Limits . Some of the Scandinavian shows were broadcast live on the radio. The selection of performances, mostly recorded on the Canadian leg of the tour,
4361-415: The audience for Cohen's poetry, helping him reach out to the poetry scene in Canada, outside the confines of McGill University. The book also helped Cohen gain critical recognition as an important new voice in Canadian poetry. One of Cohen's biographers, Ira Nadel , stated that "reaction to the finished book was enthusiastic and admiring...." The critic Robert Weaver found it powerful and declared that Cohen
4450-592: The band appeared live on British national television on Channel 4 's The Big Breakfast , performing the track 'Heartbeat Of The Earth'. The band have played many of Europe's major dark alternative festivals including Amphi , M'era Luna , and the Wave-Gotik-Treffen at Leipzig. In June 2017, the band hosted a weekend event at St Briavels Castle in the Forest of Dean – a celebration of midsummer with storytelling , history , Egyptian dancing, and
4539-486: The critics. They toured together in 1974 in Europe, the US and Canada in late 1974 and early 1975, in support of Cohen's record New Skin for the Old Ceremony . In late 1975 Cohen and Lissauer performed a short series of shows in the US and Canada with a new band, in support of Cohen's Best Of release. The tour included new songs from an album in progress, co-written by Cohen and Lissauer and titled Songs for Rebecca . None of
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#17327717981034628-497: The face of grim prospects. Three tracks from the album – " Waiting for the Miracle ", "The Future" and "Anthem" – were featured in the movie Natural Born Killers , which also promoted Cohen's work to a new generation of US listeners. As with I'm Your Man , the lyrics on The Future were dark, and made references to political and social unrest. The title track is reportedly a response to the 1992 Los Angeles riots . Cohen promoted
4717-664: The famous Montreux Jazz Festival . After the European tour of 1976, Cohen again attempted a new change in his style and arrangements: his new 1977 record, Death of a Ladies' Man was co-written and produced by Phil Spector . One year later, in 1978, Cohen published a volume of poetry with the subtly revised title, Death of a Lady's Man . Leonard acknowledges that the whole act of living contains immense amounts of sorrow and hopelessness and despair; and also passion, high hopes, deep love, and eternal love. —Jennifer Warnes, describing Cohen's lyrics In 1979, Cohen returned with
4806-620: The first couple of Doors albums". Reynolds retrospectively described Kate Bush 's 1978 song " Wuthering Heights " as "Gothic romance distilled into four-and-a-half minutes of gaseous rhapsody". In the late 1970s, the word "gothic" was used to describe the atmosphere of post-punk bands like Siouxsie and the Banshees , Magazine and Joy Division . In a live review about a Siouxsie and the Banshees' concert in July 1978, critic Nick Kent wrote that concerning their performance, "parallels and comparisons can now be drawn with gothic rock architects like
4895-519: The first time in his career on PBS's Austin City Limits show. "Hallelujah" was first released on Cohen's studio album Various Positions in 1984, and he sang it during his Europe tour in 1985. The song had limited initial success but found greater popularity through a 1991 cover by John Cale , which formed the basis for a later cover by Jeff Buckley . "Hallelujah" has been performed by almost 200 artists in various languages. New York Times movie reviewer A. O. Scott wrote that "Hallelujah
4984-477: The genre led gothic rock lyrics to exhibit literary romanticism , morbidity, existentialism , religious symbolism, or supernatural mysticism. Gothic rock is an offshoot of post-punk and, according to AllMusic , "took the cold synthesizers and processed guitars of post-punk and used them to construct foreboding, sorrowful, often epic soundscapes." Early gothic rock had introspective or personal lyrics, but according to AllMusic, "its poetic sensibilities soon led to
5073-456: The genre led the lyrics to represent the evil of the century and the romantic idealization of death and the supernatural imagination. Gothic rock then gave rise to a broader goth subculture that included clubs, fashion and publications in the 1980s, 1990s, and into the 21st century. According to music journalist Simon Reynolds , standard musical fixtures of gothic rock include "scything guitar patterns, high-pitched basslines that often usurped
5162-435: The harvest, though he had no solid plan. He was spotted in a Tel Aviv Pinati Café by Israeli musicians Oshik Levi , Matti Caspi and Ilana Rovina , who offered him to go together to Sinai to sing for Israeli soldiers. Even though he reportedly voiced "pro-Arab political views" before the war, he said after the war "I am joining my brothers fighting in the desert. I don't care if their war is just or not. I know only that war
5251-496: The hymn of the Polish Solidarity movement. In 1987, Jennifer Warnes 's tribute album Famous Blue Raincoat helped restore Cohen's career in the US. The following year he released I'm Your Man . Cohen supported the record with a series of television interviews and an extensive tour of Europe, Canada, and the US. Many shows were broadcast on European and US television and radio stations, while Cohen performed for
5340-494: The imagination that startles the slumbering mind and body from their sloth". That year, myriad goth groups emerged, including Flesh for Lulu , Play Dead , Rubella Ballet , Gene Loves Jezebel , Blood and Roses, and Ausgang . The 4AD label released music in a more ethereal style, by groups such as Cocteau Twins , Dead Can Dance , and Xmal Deutschland . The Icelandic group Kukl also appeared in this period, which included Björk and other musicians who later participated in
5429-510: The label. Adam Ant 's early work was also a major impetus for the gothic rock scene, and much of the fanbase came from his milieu. Other early contributors to the scene included UK Decay and Ireland's Virgin Prunes . Gothic rock would not be adopted as "positive identity, a tribal rallying cry" until a shift in the scene in 1982. In London, the Batcave club opened 21 July 1982 to provide
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#17327717981035518-479: The lyrics to some of his most famous songs. For six decades, Leonard Cohen revealed his soul to the world through poetry and song—his deep and timeless humanity touching our very core. Simply brilliant. His music and words will resonate forever. —Rock & Roll Hall of Fame, 2008 In 1951, Cohen enrolled at McGill University , where he became president of the McGill Debating Union and won
5607-420: The melodic role [and] beats that were either hypnotically dirgelike or tom-tom heavy and 'tribal ' ". Reynolds described the vocal style as consisting of "deep, droning alloys of Jim Morrison and Leonard Cohen ". Several acts used drum machines downplaying the rhythm's backbeat . Gothic rock typically deals with dark themes addressed through lyrics and the music's atmosphere. The poetic sensibilities of
5696-612: The mid-1980s to early 1990s, as did Fields of the Nephilim and All About Eve . European groups inspired by gothic rock also proliferated, including Clan of Xymox . Other bands associated with gothic rock include All Living Fear , And Also the Trees , Balaam and the Angel , Claytown Troupe , Dream Disciples , Feeding Fingers, Inkubus Sukkubus , Libitina, Miranda Sex Garden , Nosferatu , Rosetta Stone , and Suspiria . The 1990s saw
5785-409: The more traditional Recent Songs , which blended his acoustic style with jazz and East Asian and Mediterranean influences. Beginning with this record, Cohen began to co-produce his albums. Produced by Cohen and Henry Lewy ( Joni Mitchell 's sound engineer), Recent Songs included performances by Passenger, an Austin-based jazz–fusion band that met Cohen through Mitchell. The band helped Cohen create
5874-666: The most haunting, mutable and oft-performed songs in American musical history". The album track " Everybody Knows " from I'm Your Man and "If It Be Your Will" in the 1990 film Pump Up the Volume helped expose Cohen's music to a wider audience. He first introduced the song during his world tour in 1988. The song "Everybody Knows" also featured prominently in fellow Canadian Atom Egoyan 's 1994 film, Exotica . In 1992, Cohen released The Future , which urges (often in terms of biblical prophecy) perseverance, reformation, and hope in
5963-476: The recordings from these live tours with Lissauer were ever officially released, and the album was abandoned in 1976. In 1976, Cohen embarked on a new major European tour with a new band and changes in his sound and arrangements, again, in support of his The Best of Leonard Cohen release (in Europe retitled as Greatest Hits ). Laura Branigan was one of his backup singers during the tour. From April to July, Cohen gave 55 shows, including his first appearance at
6052-565: The songs "The Stranger Song", "Winter Lady", and "Sisters of Mercy", originally recorded for Songs of Leonard Cohen , in McCabe & Mrs. Miller . Scott Tobias wrote in 2014 that "The film is unimaginable to me without the Cohen songs, which function as these mournful interstitials that unify the entire movie." Tim Grierson wrote in 2016, shortly after Cohen's death, that '"Altman's and Cohen's legacies would forever be linked by McCabe . The movie
6141-641: The space of a single song" whereas American artists such as Marilyn Manson combined "atmosphere from goth and disco" with " industrial sound". In 1997, Spin qualified Portishead 's second album as "gothic", "deadly" and "trippy". Critic Barry Walters observed that the group got "darker, deeper and more disturbing" in comparison to their debut album Dummy . In the late 2010s, the Twilight Sad included gothic elements in their music. Leonard Cohen Leonard Norman Cohen CC GOQ (September 21, 1934 – November 7, 2016)
6230-557: The stage, went to his dressing room, and took some LSD. He then heard the audience clamouring for his reappearance by singing to him in Hebrew, and under the influence of the psychedelic, he returned to finish the show. A Jew remains a Jew. Now it’s war and there’s no need for explanations. My name is Cohen, no? —Leonard Cohen In 1973, when Egypt and Syria attacked Israel on the Yom Kippur day , Cohen arrived in Israel. He had no guitar, and intended to volunteer in some kibbutz for
6319-492: The television show Something Else , and their producer Martin Hannett described their style as "dancing music with gothic overtones". In 1980, Melody Maker wrote that "Joy Division are masters of this gothic gloom". When their final album Closer came out a couple of months after the suicide of their singer Ian Curtis , Sounds noted in its review that there were "dark strokes of gothic rock". Not long after,
6408-406: The time was in much better shape than his. "So this is a real friend", he said. "Someone who in the face of great derision, has always supported me." In the early 1980s, Cohen co-wrote (with Lewis Furey ) the rock musical film Night Magic starring Carole Laure and Nick Mancuso . Columbia declined to release his 1984 LP Various Positions in the United States. Cohen supported the release of
6497-409: The words to "Suzanne" while singing to a different audience. Singers such as Joan Baez have sung it during their tours. Cohen stated that he was duped into giving up the rights for the song, but was glad it happened, as it would be wrong to write a song that was so well loved and to get rich for it also. Collins told Bill Moyers , during a television interview, that she felt Cohen's Jewish background
6586-414: Was Canadian Jewish Congress founding president Lyon Cohen . His parents gave him the Hebrew name Eliezer , which means "God helps". His father, clothing store owner Nathan Bernard Cohen (1891–1944), died when Cohen was nine years old. The family attended Congregation Shaar Hashomayim , to which Cohen retained connections for the rest of his life. On the topic of being a kohen , he said in 1967, "I had
6675-473: Was art rock on certain album tracks and pop on the singles. Their bassist, Steven Severin , attributed the aesthetic used by the Banshees around that time to the influence of the Cramps . The Cure 's "oppressively dispirited" trio of albums, Seventeen Seconds (1980), Faith (1981) and Pornography (1982), cemented that group's stature in the genre. The line "It doesn't matter if we all die" began
6764-577: Was 'probably the best young poet in English Canada right now.' Cohen continued to write poetry and fiction throughout the 1960s and preferred to live in quasi-reclusive circumstances after he bought a house on Hydra , a Greek island in the Saronic Gulf . While living and writing on Hydra, Cohen published the poetry collection Flowers for Hitler (1964), and the novel The Favourite Game (1963), an autobiographical Bildungsroman about
6853-603: Was a Canadian songwriter, singer, poet, and novelist. Themes commonly explored throughout his work include faith and mortality, isolation and depression, betrayal and redemption, social and political conflict, and sexual and romantic love, desire, regret, and loss. He was inducted into the Canadian Music Hall of Fame , the Canadian Songwriters Hall of Fame , and the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame . He
6942-418: Was a difference "between art and artifice". However, Bauhaus's debut single, " Bela Lugosi's Dead ", released in late 1979, was retrospectively considered to be the beginning of the gothic rock genre. According to Peter Murphy , the song was written to be tongue-in-cheek, but since the group performed it with "naïve seriousness", that is how the audience understood it. Bauhaus released their debut album In
7031-420: Was an important influence on his words and music. After performing at a few folk festivals, he came to the attention of Columbia Records producer John Hammond , who signed Cohen to a record deal. Cohen's first album was Songs of Leonard Cohen . The album was released in the US in late 1967 to generally dismissive reviews, but became a favourite in the UK on its release in early 1968, where it spent over
7120-520: Was born into an Orthodox Jewish family in the Montreal anglophone enclave of Westmount, Quebec , on September 21, 1934. His Lithuanian Jewish mother, Marsha ("Masha") Klonitsky (1905–1978), emigrated to Canada in 1927 and was the daughter of Talmudic writer and rabbi Solomon Klonitsky-Kline. His paternal grandfather, who had emigrated from Suwałki , in Congress Poland , to Canada,
7209-466: Was described as "positive punk" on the front cover of NME : in his article, journalist Richard North described Bauhaus, Theatre of Hate and UK Decay as "the immediate forerunners of today's flood", and declared, "So here it is: the new positive punk, with no empty promises of revolution, either in the rock'n'roll sense or the wider political sphere. Here is only a chance of self-awareness, of personal revolution, of colourful perception and galvanization of
7298-439: Was for many years his most recorded song. Collins recalls that when she first met him, he said he could not sing or play the guitar, nor did he think "Suzanne" was even a song: And then he played me "Suzanne" ... I said, "Leonard, you must come with me to this big fundraiser I'm doing" ... Jimi Hendrix was on it. He'd never sung [in front of a large audience] before then. He got out on stage and started singing. Everybody
7387-593: Was going crazy—they loved it. And he stopped about halfway through and walked off the stage. Everybody went nuts. ... They demanded that he come back. And I demanded; I said, "I'll go out with you." So we went out, and we sang it. And of course, that was the beginning. People think Leonard is dark, but actually his sense of humour and his edge on the world is extremely light. —Judy Collins She first introduced him to television audiences during one of her shows in 1966, where they performed duets of his songs. Still new to bringing his poetry to music, he once forgot
7476-496: Was invested as a Companion of the Order of Canada , the nation's highest civilian honour. In 2011, he received one of the Prince of Asturias Awards for literature and the ninth Glenn Gould Prize . Cohen pursued a career as a poet and novelist during the 1950s and early 1960s, and did not begin a music career until 1966. His first album, Songs of Leonard Cohen (1967), was followed by three more albums of folk music : Songs from
7565-659: Was more inspired by heavy metal than Christian Death and featured female singer Dinah Cancer . Some punk and garage rock bands like The Cramps , The Gun Club , Lydia Lunch , The Nuns , The Misfits and T.S.O.L. have been credited to be influential on both the sound and the aesthetics of the Goth subculture in America, being subsequently credited to be pioneers in the "Goth Punk" sub-genre. Notable 1980s American Goth bands include Super Heroines , Human Drama , The Wake and Kommunity FK . Later stages of Gothic Rock came with
7654-497: Was published by Dudek as the first book in the McGill Poetry Series the year after Cohen's graduation. The book contained poems written largely when Cohen was between the ages of 15 and 20, and Cohen dedicated the book to his late father. The well-known Canadian literary critic Northrop Frye wrote a review of the book in which he gave Cohen "restrained praise". After completing his undergraduate degree, Cohen spent
7743-538: Was released on his seventh album, Various Positions (1984). I'm Your Man in 1988 marked Cohen's turn to synthesized productions. In 1992, Cohen released its follow-up, The Future , which had dark lyrics and references to political and social unrest. Cohen returned to music in 2001 with the release of Ten New Songs , a major hit in Canada and Europe. His eleventh album, Dear Heather , followed in 2004. In 2005, Cohen discovered that his manager had stolen most of his money and sold his publishing rights, prompting
7832-406: Was the first book that Cohen published through the Canadian publishing company McClelland & Stewart . Cohen's first novella and early short stories were not published until 2022 ( A Ballet of Lepers ). His father's will provided him with a modest trust income sufficient to allow him to pursue his literary ambitions for the time, and The Spice-Box of Earth was successful in helping to expand
7921-521: Was the model for a painting called The Sukkubus , by the award winning fantasy artist, Larry Elmore for use in his Kickstarter. In 2016, Candia was painted by artist Russell Haines for her 'Faith' exhibition, at Gloucester Cathedral . The band also performed at the launch event which the Bishop of Gloucester, Rachel Treweek , attended. (Members of Inkubus Sukkubus are wiccans) Gothic rock Gothic rock (also called goth rock or simply goth )
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