85-584: Wickham Terrace Car Park is a heritage-listed multi-storey car park at 136 Wickham Terrace , Spring Hill , City of Brisbane , Queensland , Australia. It was designed by James Birrell and built from 1959 to 1960. It was added to the Queensland Heritage Register as Brisbane City Council Carpark on 13 January 1995. A multi-storeyed concrete structure, the Wickham Terrace Car Park was designed by James Birrell,
170-563: A multistorey , parking building , parking structure , parkade (mainly Canadian ), parking ramp , parking deck , or indoor parking , is a building designed for car, motorcycle and bicycle parking in which parking takes place on more than one floor or level. The first known multistorey facility was built in London in 1901 and the first underground parking was built in Barcelona in 1904 (see history ). The term multistorey (or multistory)
255-480: A one-way pair . RACQ representations sought the highly congested area at the produce markets become one-way. A later 1954 proposal to make the street one-way between George and Roma Streets was also to assist the markets through increased traffic speed, and allow more space for more retailers. In 1971 the Turbot Street Bypass was constructed, including over Creek Street . Such construction saw
340-597: A 1975 marine vessel was transformed into a floating pontoon multi-storey car parking facility. The ship was given the new name P-Arken (a pun on the words park and ark ) and it is permanently towed in Gothenburg 's harbour Lilla Bommen near Skeppsbron . In November 2019, a fully-clad parking barge for automobiles was patented in the United States. Its angular sides are designed to protect against driving wind, rain, and debris. In October 2009,
425-662: A fourth-floor section failed at the Centergy building in midtown Atlanta , pancaking down and destroying more than 30 vehicles but injuring no-one. In December 2007, a car crashed into the wall of the deck at the SouthPark Mall in Charlotte, North Carolina , weakening it and causing a small collapse which destroyed two cars below. On the same day, one under construction in Jacksonville, Florida collapsed as concrete
510-509: A hallmark of zoning and planning codes for municipalities in the US. (States do not prescribe parking requirements, while counties and cities can). The earliest known multi-storey car park was opened in May 1901 by City & Suburban Electric Carriage Company at 6 Denman Street, central London. The location had space for 100 vehicles over seven floors, totaling 19,000 square feet. The same company opened
595-521: A larger building, often underground as part of the basement, such as the parking lot at the Atlantic Station redevelopment in Atlanta . This saves land for other uses (as opposed surface parking), is cheaper and more practical in most cases than a separate structure, and is hidden from view. It protects customers and their cars from weather such as rain, snow, or hot summer sunshine that raises
680-481: A man was killed during a robbery in the parking garage at The Mall at Short Hills in Millburn, New Jersey . The paramedics responding to the shooting were delayed because their ambulance was too large to enter the structure. In the United States, costs for parking garages are estimated to cost between $ 25,000 per space, with underground parking costing around $ 35,000 per space. Parking structures are subjected to
765-614: A motion before the town council, The year 1886 also saw the asphalting of footpaths on both sides of Turbot Street being undertaken. The looseness of soil and presence of rock resulted in the death of two workers, Patrick Gleeson and Thomas McCullough, at the Turbot Street railway cutting in late 1888. The railway was extended from the 1873 Roma Street to Central terminus by 1889. The major 1893 Brisbane flood , compared to Queen Street, had little impact on Turbot Street. Electric street lighting started to be introduced to
850-516: A number of regional terms: Architects and structural engineers in the USA are likely to call it a parking structure since their work is all about structures and since that term is the vernacular in the United States. When constructed as the base of a high-rise, it is sometimes called a parking podium . United States building codes use the term open parking garage to refer to a structure designed for car storage that has openings along at least 40% of
935-610: A parking garage. When the Capital Garage in Washington, D.C. was built in 1927, it was reportedly the largest parking structure of its kind in the country. It was imploded in 1974. The movement of vehicles between floors can take place by means of: Where the car park is built on sloping land, it may be split-level or have sloped parking. Many parking structures are independent buildings dedicated exclusively to that use. The design loads for car parks are often less than
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#17327982589331020-487: A parking structure under construction at a campus of Miami-Dade College in Florida collapsed, purportedly due to an unfinished column. The Surfside condominium's main building's collapse that killed ninety-eight people was likely caused by the failure of the long-term degradation of reinforced concrete structural support in the basement-level parking garage. As multi-storey car parks have become more common since
1105-523: A second location in 1902 for 230 vehicles. The company specialized in the sale, storage, valeting, and on-demand delivery of electric vehicles that could travel about 40 miles and had a top speed of 20 miles per hour. The earliest known parking garage in the United States was built in 1918 for the Hotel La Salle at 215 West Washington Street in the West Loop area of downtown Chicago, Illinois. It
1190-528: A short street, it ran from today's North Quay , past the Roma Street intersection (then 'New Street') towards Albert and Edward Streets, all of functional 0.385 kilometres (0.239 mi). The western end of the street abutting the Brisbane River also had ferry steps, towards the then-Stanley Street, South Brisbane . The ferry point was closed in May 1875, and within a year the old shed
1275-421: A steel rod and pipe balustrade. The floor of the lift foyer and the staircase is tiled in green and white mosaic tiles. Dominating the eastern end of the building is a dramatic semicircular ramp which is used by cars exiting the building. A concrete staircase, similar in style to the original stair on the western end now protrudes from the north east corner. A freestanding circular room, which originally acted as
1360-447: A vehicle's interior temperature to extremely high levels. Underground parking of only two levels was considered an innovative concept in 1964, when developer Louis Lesser developed a two-level underground parking structure under six 10-storey high-rise residential halls at California State University, Los Angeles , which lacked space for horizontal expansion in the 176-acre (0.71 km ) university. The simple two-level parking structure
1445-697: Is Mall of America in Bloomington, Minnesota , USA, which has two large parking lots attached to the building, at the eastern and western ends. A common position for parking within shopping centers in the UK is on the roof, around the various utility systems, enabling customers to take lifts straight down into the center. Examples of such are The Oracle in Reading and Festival Place in Basingstoke . Parking garages without mixed use can provide excellent uses for
1530-465: Is a multi-storey car park structure with a ground floor and 5 floors above that, i.e. a total of 6 floors. The preceding does not apply to the United States where B+x refers to basement levels ascending in number x while descending in elevation, L1 or ground level [unlike European standards where ground level is below Level 1] with added levels as L2, etc. Structure car parks are car parks made of structural steel components connected to each other to carry
1615-566: Is almost never used in the US, because almost all parking structures have multiple parking levels. Parking structures may be heated if they are enclosed. Design of parking structures can add considerable cost for planning new developments, with costs in the United States around $ 28,000 per space and $ 56,000 per space for underground (excluding the cost of land), and can be required by cities in parking mandates for new buildings. Some cities such as London have abolished previously enacted minimum parking requirements. Minimum parking requirements are
1700-594: Is generally not recommended to use automated car parks for high peak hour volume facilities. Additional factors that need to be taken into consideration are: Automotive factories and car dealerships often use automated car parks to store inventory, which makes best use of space if they operate in urban areas, plus the car park may be decorated to promote the brand. For instance at the Autostadt there are two 60 meter/200 ft tall glass silos (AutoTürme) used as storage for new Volkswagens. The two towers are connected to
1785-580: Is measured in cars per level square footage [car count/level area]. Common structural systems in the United States for long-span structures are prestressed concrete double-tee floor systems, post-tensioned cast-in-place concrete floor systems or short-span podium parking with post-tensioned slabs and drop panels [drop heads. Steel embeds or thicker slabs can eliminate the need for drop panels, providing higher clearances for higher profile vehicles.] In recent times, parking structures built to serve residential and some business properties have been built as part of
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#17327982589331870-404: Is no need for an energy-intensive ventilating system , since cars are not driven inside and human cashiers or security personnel may not be needed. For naturally ventilated car parks structures, the ventilation equipment is not needed. Automated car parks rely on similar technology to that used for mechanical handling and document retrieval. The driver leaves the car in an entrance module, and it
1955-597: Is on its third edition, written by prominent staff of Walker Parking Consultants, a preeminent Parking Structure designer in the US. Turbot Street, Brisbane Turbot Street runs parallel to Ann Street and is on the northern side of the Brisbane CBD in Queensland , Australia . It is a major thoroughfare , linking as a three-to-five lane one-way street with the Riverside Expressway in
2040-689: Is reserved for the disabled; above every parking space), indoor positioning system (IPS), including QR code , and mobile payment options. The Santa Monica Place shopping mall in California has cameras on each stall that can help count the lot occupancy and find lost cars. Online booking technology service providers have been created to help drivers find long-term parking in an automated manner, while also providing significant savings for those who book parking spaces ahead of time. They use real-time inventory management checking technology to display car parks with availability, sorted by price and distance from
2125-401: Is then transported to a parking slot by a robotic trolley . For the driver, the process of parking is reduced to leaving the car inside an entrance module. At peak periods a wait may occur before entering or leaving, because loading passengers and luggage occurs at the entrance and exit rather than at the parking stall. This loading blocks the entrance or exit from being available to others. It
2210-473: Is typically higher than conventional car park structures, however, this can be offset by the higher space efficiency including reduced excavation waste from minimized footprints. The cost of the mechanical equipment needed to transport the cars needs to be added to the building cost. In addition, operation and maintenance costs of the mechanical equipment need to be added in order to determine the total cost of ownership. Other costs could be saved, for example, there
2295-607: Is used in the United Kingdom, Hong Kong, and many Commonwealth of Nations countries, and it is nowadays most commonly spelled without a hyphen. In the United States, the term parking structure is used, especially when it is necessary to distinguish such a structure from the "garage" connected with a house. In some places in North America, "parking garage" refers only to an indoor, often underground, structure. Outdoor, multi-level parking facilities are referred to by
2380-571: The National Building Museum opened an exhibition solely devoted to the study of parking garages and their impact on the built environment. This exhibition, titled House of Cars: Innovation and the Parking Garage , was on view until 11 July 2010. Additional information on the design and building of parking structures can be found in "Parking Structures: planning, design, construction, maintenance, and repair" This resource
2465-617: The State of Queensland under CC-BY 3.0 AU licence (accessed on 7 July 2014, archived on 8 October 2014). The geo-coordinates were originally computed from the "Queensland heritage register boundaries" published by the State of Queensland under CC-BY 3.0 AU licence (accessed on 5 September 2014, archived on 15 October 2014). [REDACTED] Media related to Wickham Terrace Carpark at Wikimedia Commons Multi-storey car park A multistorey car park ( Commonwealth English ) or parking garage ( American English ), also called
2550-778: The 1927 lock-out of 1500 railwaymen, and 1948 clash between police and communists . The poem 'The Tears of Turbot-street' by E. N. MacCulloch was penned in 1927 with reference to the Trades Hall and Labour Day. Trams never ran on Turbot Street, although they crossed it at Edward Street. In 1960, the Gardens trolley bus route was altered to include Turbot Street, although Brisbane trolley buses ceased service on 13 March 1969 and were replaced by buses. At some time, Turbot Street connected straight through to Wickham Street (a change from 0.6 kilometres (0.37 mi) to 1.4 kilometres (0.87 mi) long), and Ann and Turbot Streets became
2635-545: The 1950s. In the ten years to 1962, statistics show an increase of from one car per nine people to one car per three and a half, or per family. Prior to 1960, car parking requirements had mostly been met by metered parking in the streets. Funds from parking meters were directed towards the construction costs of the new car park. James Birrell was appointed Architect in charge of the Brisbane City Council Architectural Department at
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2720-486: The Brisbane City Council. Birrell, a leading modernist architect of the 1950s and 1960s, was responsible for many designs during his term of employment with the council. The car park, his last major work for the council, is a significant example of his work. The place is important because of its aesthetic significance. The building, through its dramatic sculptural forms and textured surfaces, introduced
2805-640: The City Architect for the Brisbane City Council , and constructed during 1959 and 1960 by Thiess Brothers. The erection time for the complex was 14 months, at a cost of £535,000. It was the first parking station to be constructed by the Brisbane City Council and one of the first within the city area. The car park was built on a site which formerly housed a Red Cross workshop and garages. Car ownership in Australia increased dramatically in
2890-737: The Roof area: The Grove Parking Garage is the site for movies on its 8th level roof, The Grand Prix of Long Beach, CA can be viewed from the Roof level of The Aquarium of the Pacific Parking Garage and The Pike Parking Garage (opposite the Queensway Structure) were built with a thickened post-tensioned roof slab to accommodate crowds of people. These parking structures often have low ceiling clearances [7'-2" and 8'-4" for accessible parking], which restrict access by full-size vans and other large vehicles. On 15 December 2013,
2975-558: The Volkswagen factory by a 700-metre tunnel. When cars arrive at the towers they are carried up at a speed of 1.5 metres per second. The render for the Autostadt shows 6 towers. When purchasing a car from Volkswagen (the main brand only, not the sub-brands) in select European countries, it is optional if the customer wants it delivered to the dealership where it was bought or if the customer wants to travel to Autostadt to pick it up. If
3060-539: The Wickham Terrace elevation is a series of vertical steel rods fixed to the floor slabs with springs. Attached to the main structure near the Edward Street and Wickham Terrace corner is a lift tower and staircase. This vertical service structure incorporates rooms on a number of levels which were originally used for such purposes as kiosk, office and public toilets. It is connected at the lowest level to
3145-399: The additional floors. The original entry arrangements were altered to provide access from Turbot Street , with detail drawings of this dated 1975, and a new staircase was added to the north east corner of the building in 1992. Sections of the off-form concrete have been painted. The Wickham Terrace Car Park is a multi-storeyed reinforced concrete structure located on a steeply sloping site at
3230-474: The aesthetic possibilities of off-form concrete construction to Brisbane. The place is important in demonstrating a high degree of creative or technical achievement at a particular period. The building, through its dramatic sculptural forms and textured surfaces, introduced the aesthetic possibilities of off-form concrete construction to Brisbane. [REDACTED] This Misplaced Pages article was originally based on "The Queensland heritage register" published by
3315-463: The age of 27 years and in this capacity oversaw more than 150 projects between 1955 and 1961. Preliminary sketches of the car park project were published in the journal Architecture and Arts in January 1958 and revised versions of the design subsequently appeared in other architectural journals. The car park was Birrell's largest, and one of his last, projects for the Brisbane City Council. It was one of
3400-432: The airport. Other recent developments in technology include Vehicles Detection and Count Systems, Point of Sale & Revenue Control Systems, Traffic & Capacity Monitoring Systems, Valet Parking Point of Sale, Management & Revenue Control Systems. These systems help in way finding for parking clients with space availability shown at every turn, space monitoring using retrofit wifi transmitters in each space to update
3485-405: The area by 1898. In 1900 Turbot Street was proposed as a new Brisbane town hall 3.5-acre site, at the top of Edward Street and near the railway station; the extending of Turbot Street to Creek Street, closing Upper Edward Street. At this time the land reserve above Central Rail Station had been set-aside as a school reserve. With the municipal hall proposal not progressed by 1904, Turbot Street
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3570-475: The building and its assertive architectural style demonstrate the increased visibility and importance of the car in Australian culture during the 1950s. The place is important in demonstrating the principal characteristics of a particular class of cultural places. Under the direction of City Architect James Birrell, the car park contributed to the tradition of high quality civic architecture established by
3655-500: The ca rpark with the Central Railway Station . Structural design was carried out by the engineers Macdonald Wagner and Priddle. The concrete relief which decorates the lift tower at the southern end of the car park was designed by Jim Meldrum. Two more floors were later added to the top of the building to increase the capacity of the car park. The height of the semicircular ramp was also increased to provide access to
3740-553: The car park consists primarily of a grid of rectangular concrete columns with flared tops supporting waffle slabs which form the floors. Precast concrete panels with an exposed aggregate finish form the balustrades on the Turbot Street and Wickham Terrace elevations. Balustrading elsewhere consists of painted square sectioned steel posts attached to the outside face of the building which support steel pipe handrails . Horizontal steel rods secured with steel springs have been added as supplementary balustrading. The original security screen on
3825-426: The cart and hit the pony drawing it soundly on the nose. Confronted, the owner pushed away Birrell, who fell backwards and struck his head on the footpath. Regaining consciousness a short while later, he was then charged with public drunkenness before being taken to the watchhouse. Transported to hospital, after his death, he was determined to have died of a fracture to the skull. Charges of unlawful killing against
3910-425: The choice of converting a surface to parking area irrevocably. They could be used as permanent structures or are conceived as temporary parking facilities for temporary parking demand needs. A number of parking decks have been demounted after a few years – to make room for the development of a permanent structure – and relocated to respond to local parking demand. The earliest use of an automated parking system (APS)
3995-617: The cold-climate areas which use salt for melting snow. These structures are not usually known for their architectural value. As Architectural Record has noted, "In the Pantheon of Building Types, the parking garage lurks somewhere in the vicinity of prisons and toll plazas." The New York Times has labeled parking structures as "the grim afterthought of American design". A handful of structures have received considerable praise for their design, including The term multistorey car park (often abbreviated to multistorey or multistory )
4080-439: The construction of a new fire station . The Brisbane Fire Brigade Headquarters was officially opened on 11 November 1908. A move of the headquarters was proposed in 1943 to Kemp Place and Ivory Street, Fortitude Valley, Brisbane , although this was not achieved until 1964. A plaque on the site notes the change from 'a volunteer bucket brigade to horse-drawn steam pumps, to a motorised permanent fire-fighting force'. Within
4165-473: The corner of Turbot and George Streets. The section between George and Albert Streets was fairly much unpassable to vehicular traffic due to the deep gully running from Tank Street to Ann Street. A ladies seminary, or 'school for young girls', was opened on the street in 1866, and was to include the teaching of English, French, and music. Over the years, the construction of Turbot Street underwent various changes. Edward Street intersecting with Turbot Street
4250-681: The demolition of the building used by the Twelfth Night Theatre , as well as the 1878 Roma Street Police Station . In 2009, the vehicle speed limit for the Brisbane CBD was reduced to 40 km/h , except for Ann and Turbot Streets which remained at 60 km/h (Ann Street's speed was lowered to 40 km/h on 5 November 2018, east of Wharf Street, to the Riverside Expressway). Many Brisbane landmarks are or were located on Turbot Street (as numbered, starting from
4335-438: The development of a foundationless, modular, removable steel car park structure. Parking demand often grows quickly, significantly and sometimes unexpectedly. Modular steel car parks could be the proper solution if the surface area available is not sufficient and can be expanded upward, or whenever it is not feasible to build up a multi-storey parking. The development of the building concept of modular car parks came about by using
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#17327982589334420-493: The downtown core condominium developments sine the 2010s, due to developers having to meet city-mandated minimum parking space requirements while building on increasingly smaller lots. Modern car parks utilize a variety of technologies to help motorists find unoccupied parking spaces, car location when returning to the vehicle and improve their experience. These include adaptive lighting , sensors and parking space LED indicators (red for occupied, green for available and blue
4505-628: The edge of the Brisbane central business district . Occupying an elevated position between Wickham Terrace and Turbot Streets the building overlooks the Central Railway Station to which it is connected by a tunnel. The entire structure, which has gently sloping floors, is a ramp which facilitates movement by cars upwards through the building. It originally consisted of seven levels at the Edward Street end and eight levels at
4590-432: The extension of the railway line and tunnel underway from Roma Street in 1889, concern with the weight of the first Trades Hall over the tunnel resulted in land resumption, with a new site selected at Upper Edward Street for the hall. The presence of the second trade union hall with the intersection along Turbot Street with Edward Street also meant Labour Day processions and street marches on Turbot Street. This included
4675-422: The exterior of the structures. In modern construction of the precast modules, there are other features to improve the strength of the structure. An example is to use prestressed strands on post-tensioned concrete for the construction of the shear walls . Another example is the use of carbon-fiber-reinforced polymer to replace steel wire mesh to lighten the load and yield more corrosion resistance especially for
4760-616: The first major off-form concrete structures in Brisbane . Other buildings designed by Birrell for the Brisbane City Council included libraries at Annerley (1956–57), Chermside (1957-58) and Toowong (1959–60), and swimming pools including Toowong Swimming Pool (1957–59) and the Centenary Pool Complex (1959) in Spring Hill. Birrell was appointed Architect to the University of Queensland from 1961–66, overseeing
4845-434: The fruit markets and police barracks to traffic. This was introduced due to traffic congestion in that area, as well as issues created by earlier colonial land divisions. It was stated that over 400 horse carts used the area between 8.30 am and 1.00 pm, as well as being a thoroughfare from Spring Hill . The closure was intended for land resumption by the government between Roma and Albert Streets. A 1924 photograph shows
4930-556: The heavy and shifting loads of moving vehicles, and must bear the associated physical stresses. Expansion joints are used between sections not only for thermal expansion but to accommodate the flexing of the structure's sections due to vehicle traffic. Parking structures are generally not subject to building inspections after being checked for their initial occupancy permit . Seismic retrofits can be applied where earthquakes are an issue. Some parking structures have partly collapsed, either during construction or years later. In July 2009
5015-477: The intersection at the Riverside Expressway ): Other former places along Turbot Street include: There was also a Turbot Lane ca. 1890s. Named in honour of King Edward VII (1841–1910) in the early part of the 20th century, the one-acre parklands is part of the Wickham Park and Observatory Park recreation area green space that was part of Turbot Street to Wickham Terrace, Brisbane . While Wickham Park
5100-604: The latter is chosen, the Autostadt supplies the customer with free entrance, meal tickets and a variety of events building up to the point where the customer can follow on screen as the automatic elevator picks up the selected car in one of the silos. The car is then transported out to the customer without having driven a single meter, and the odometer is thus on "0". Automated car parks have been popular for multistorey residential buildings in New York City and Paris . In Toronto , automated car parks are gradually catching in
5185-472: The loads and provide full structural rigidity. Steel is a high-strength material requiring less material than other types of structures like concrete and timber. Steel construction features: The ceiling slab of the steel structure car park is typically made of composite material such as corrugated steel sheets and concrete. The surface of the first-floor parking can be left bare or covered with epoxy or tarmac. Demand, steel features, and innovation have led to
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#17327982589335270-402: The main control point, is located between the two ramps from Wickham Street. Concrete finishes throughout the building were originally off-form, an unrendered surface where the impressions left by the formwork provide decorative effect. Parts of the building have subsequently been painted. New galvanised steel balustrading and security grilles have been installed. The Wickham Terrace Car Park
5355-446: The middle of the twentieth century, many constructions of such structures have been using precast concrete to reduce the construction time. The design involves putting parking structure parts together. The parts of precast concrete include multi-storey structural wall panels, interior and exterior columns, structural floors, girders , wall panels, stairs, and slabs. The precast concrete parts are transported using flatbed semi-trailers to
5440-466: The modular assembling method of vertical and horizontal elements (such as columns and beams) Modular car park structures are versatile and can be built in phases or in different sizes and shape. The solution makes it possible to develop a parking structure even in case of particular conditions or constraints, such as archaeological sites or city centres, because it allows: These parking structures are generally demountable and can be relocated to avoid making
5525-549: The office building they serve (50 psf versus 80 [100] psf), leading to long floor spans of 55–65 feet that permit cars to park in rows without supporting columns in between [called long span]. Podium parking below high-rise and mid-rise buildings are often short-span 25–30 feet clear between columns, since office/residential/retail floors above require more support [100 psf per International Building Code]. Columns in short -span structures obstruct row based parking spaces and will be less efficient than long-span designs; parking efficiency
5610-569: The office. To 1951, this was the worst brigade disaster. The 'Arcade Murder' of 19-year-old typist Bronia Mary Armstrong occurred near the BAFS Institute rooms on 10 January 1947, where a 49-year-old accountant was charged. Described by the presiding judge as 'probably one of the most brutal and pathetic cases in the history of Queensland crime', the suspect was found guilty, sentenced to life at Boggo Road Gaol , and took his own life nine days later on 21 March 1947. Following on from
5695-440: The opposite end. Two more floors have been added to the top of the building. Due to the sloping site three floors are below the level of Wickham Terrace. Entry to the building is at the lowest level from Turbot Street . The main exit ramp, an addition, is roofed and leads to either Turbot Street or Wickham Terrace. The original entrance and exit ramps from Wickham Terrace remain but appear to be infrequently used. An open structure,
5780-420: The perimeter, as opposed to an enclosed parking garage that requires mechanical ventilation. Natural or mechanical ventilation provides fresh air flow to disperse car exhaust in normal conditions, or hot gas and smoke in case of fire. Typically parking consultants in the UK describe the number of car park floors in terms of "G+x". G stands for ground and x for the number of floors above ground. For example, G+5
5865-438: The pieman were later discontinued. A newspaper sensation occurred the following year at one of the street's boarding houses when on 16 February 1923 a male tried to use a .32 calibre revolver to unlawfully kill a female, after she indicated she would not leave her allegedly-violent husband. During World War II , a tunnel and large underground air raid shelter were proposed on the northern side of Turbot Street. A fire
5950-406: The road again open, and two-directional traffic flow. On 23 October 1922, the death of a fruit vendor Randolph Nolan Birrell occurred on the street. After leaving the fruit markets following a hard fall against a truck, an unsteady Birrell appearing inebriated, went across to a pie cart . The 'Pieman King' told Birrell that he could not get a pie without money. Birrell then went to the front of
6035-438: The sites. The structural floor modules may need to be laid tilted during the transportation in order to cover as large floor area as possible while they can be easily transported on the roadways. The modules are lifted using precast concrete lifting anchor systems at the sites for assembly. Decorations may include using of covers to close the holes in the precast concrete that contains the lifting anchors, and installing facades to
6120-501: The southwest to the suburb of Fortitude Valley in the northeast; address numbers run the same direction. It is a one-way pair with Ann Street. Turbot (pronounced 'terbet', not 'turbo') Street is not part of naming series of female British royalty used for the other parallel streets in the CBD. Turbot was an indigenous word used by the local Turrbal people. Turbot Street as a name existed prior to 1860. Appearing on Ham's 1863 map,
6205-701: The space availability signs and to alert parking management of bottle necks and intervention measures. Revenue Control, Capacity Management, and Valet Point of Sale is a major issue for Office and Retail parking management and is also a means of parking management intervention, where website update the status of all of these issues for exclusive use by management. Irvine Spectrum Center, Irvine CA, with 3 parking structures, uses all of these systems The City of Santa Monica uses Traffic and Capacity Monitoring with its 30 parking structures. Disneyland, in Anaheim CA uses most of these hi-tech solutions on its 8 garages. In 1991,
6290-456: The tunnel, now lined with ceramic tiles, which links the car park to the Central Railway Station and Anzac Square . The lift tower is clad with a concrete curtain wall decorated by a relief pattern. This concrete relief pattern consists of recessed abstract shapes laid out in a repetitive grid. The staircase, which juts out beyond the lift tower, is a prominent feature with sculptural supports and cantilevered semicircular landings. The staircase has
6375-676: The university's second major phase of construction development. His most notable buildings from this period include Union College , the JD Story Administration Building, Staff House and the Agriculture and Entomology Building. In 1966 he entered private practice. Thiess Brothers , the builders for the project, were a construction firm which had previously been known for building tunnels in the Snowy Mountains . A vitrolite lined concrete tunnel connected
6460-450: Was also labelled as suspected sabotage during this period. On Tuesday, 13 January 1942 saw tragedy when three fire brigade officers died in a fire at the R. M. Gow Pty Ltd office and warehouse. Stock including £65,000 of emergency food supplies was destroyed, and large building valued at £25,000 was ruined; impacting 200 employees. Third Officer Alfred Lambert and firemen Henry Schirmer and George Uren were overcome by smoke and fumes in
6545-453: Was altered ca. 1867. In 1880, soil material from the road cutting of Ann Street was moved to Turbot Street between George and Roma Streets. Another cutting of Turbot Street occurred in 1884. By 1926 Turbot Street had extended from its original North Quay—Albert Street length, to Edward and Upper Edward Streets, a change from 0.385 kilometres (0.239 mi) to 0.600 kilometres (0.373 mi) long. In December 1877, Alderman Pettigrew made
6630-623: Was being poured on the sixth floor. In November 2008, the sudden collapse of the middle level of a deck in Montreal was preceded by warning signs some weeks before, including cracks and water leaks. In June 2012, the Algo Centre Mall 's rooftop parking deck collapsed into the building, crashing through the upper level lottery kiosk adjacent to the food court and escalators to the ground floor below, killing two people. In October 2012 four people were killed and nine more injured when
6715-453: Was considered unusual enough in 1964 that a separate newspaper section entitled "Parking Underground" described the parking lot as an innovative "concept" and as "subterranean spaces". In Toronto , a 2,400 space underground parking structure below Nathan Phillips Square is one of the world's largest. Parking which serve shopping centers can be built adjacent to the center for easier access at each floor between shops and parking. One example
6800-399: Was designed by Holabird and Roche. The Hotel La Salle was demolished in 1976, but the parking structure remained because it had been designated as preliminary landmark status and the structure was several blocks from the hotel. It was demolished in 2005 after failing to receive landmark status from the city of Chicago. A 49-storey apartment tower, 215 West, has taken its place, also featuring
6885-431: Was harbouring 'idle and disorderly people'. To the north of North Quay, Turbot and George Streets was a dammed water hole known as Tank Stream which served as the colony's water supply from 1842 (and later gave its name to Tank Street). By the 1880s new water supplies were found and saw that area opened up to commercial premises. The 1850s, following the 'Hungry '40s', saw bullock teamsters staying at Humber's Forge on
6970-665: Was in Paris in 1905 at the Garage Rue de Ponthieu. The APS consisted of a groundbreaking multi-storey concrete structure with an internal elevator to transport cars to upper levels where attendants parked the cars. A 1931 Popular Mechanics article speculated about design for an underground garage where the car is taken to a parking area by a conveyor and then an elevator to shuttles mounted on rails. The total cost of ownership of automated parking needs to be carefully considered. The actual cost of construction of automated car parks
7055-418: Was listed on the Queensland Heritage Register on 13 January, 1995, having satisfied the following criteria. The place is important in demonstrating the evolution or pattern of Queensland's history. The Wickham Terrace Car Park is an important example of a late 1950s interpretation of the functionalist idiom in a car park design. The car park is a powerful symbol of modernity and change. The prominence of
7140-415: Was not extended. Public telephone boxes appeared after 1910. Street gas lamps were still being superseded by electric lighting by 1919, between the Edward Street to Roma Street sections. Never explained was the serious explosions of five postal department electric utility hole covers on Monday, 28 July 1913. In late-1917, a deputation of businessmen protested the closure of the street around
7225-402: Was owned by the municipal council, King Edward Park was state government land. It is bounded to the east by Jacob's Ladder . In February 1990, the park was reopened as a sculpture park. It contains art works by: East from Wharf Street, and between Turbot and Ann Streets is Cathedral Square. Its name comes from the nearby St John's Anglican Cathedral . In 1887 this area was set aside for
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