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46-429: The town parts of Hylváty, Kerhartice and Knapovec and the villages of Černovír, Dolní Houžovec, Horní Houžovec and Oldřichovice are administrative parts of Ústí nad Orlicí. The name Ústí literally means "mouth (of the river)". It refers to its location at the confluence of rivers. The German name Wildenschwert was created by a distortion of the original German name Wilhelmswerd , which referred to one of colonizers on

92-728: A protected geographical indication by the European Union . Pardubice is located at the crossroads of three main roads: The I/2, which connects Pardubice with Prague ; the I/36 from Pardubice to Rychnov nad Kněžnou District ; and the I/37, which connects Hradec Králové with Žďár nad Sázavou and the D1 motorway . Pardubice main railway station is an important railway junction. Pardubice has direct railway connection with many cities, including Prague, Brno , Olomouc , Ostrava and Liberec in

138-570: A continental climate characterized by relatively hot summers and cold winters. The climate in Pardubice Region differs depending on location. The areas in the Polabí lowlands in the western part of the region are relatively warmer with annual mean temperatures reaching 8 °C. On the other hand, the coldest areas are situated in the hilly northeastern part of the region, where the annual mean temperatures are around 4 °C. Precipitation

184-513: A production plant in its former premises. This electronics manufacturer is the largest employer in Pardubice. Pardubice has a long tradition in the chemical industry. It is represented by the Paramo refinery, which was founded by David Fanto in 1889. Today it is owned by Orlen Unipetrol . In Pardubice-Semtín there are the companies Explosia (a manufacturer of explosives founded in 1920, which

230-652: Is BK JIP Pardubice , playing in the National Basketball League . Pardubice is also represented in the Czech rink bandy league. Pardubice hosts two world-famous sporting events each year. The Velká pardubická steeplechase was first held in 1874 and is one of the most famous horse races in Europe. The second event is the Golden Helmet of Pardubice , a motorcycle speedway competition held at

276-490: Is Pardubice with a population of more than 90,000. The table below shows the municipalities in Pardubice Region with the largest population (as of 1 January 2024). Other significant towns in Pardubice Region are Hlinsko , Přelouč , Polička , Choceň , Holice , Letohrad and Žamberk . With a total size of 4,519 km , Pardubice is the fifth smallest region in the Czech Republic. Králický Sněžník (1,424 m)

322-406: Is a regular rectangular square with a floor plan preserved since the founding of the town. The square is surrounded by valuable arcaded houses. In the middle of the square is Marian column from 1737. The Baroque town hall was built in 1721–1723 and replaced the old town hall destroyed by fire. A school was built next to it in 1793. In 1850, the two buildings were structurally connected. The Church of

368-470: Is an administrative unit ( Czech : kraj ) of the Czech Republic , located mainly in the eastern part of its historical region of Bohemia , with a small part in northwestern Moravia . It is named after its capital Pardubice . As an administrative unit, Pardubice Region has existed three times in the course of history. It was established for the first time in 1850, and extended from Český Brod to

414-401: Is associated with the invention of Semtex plastic explosive) and its subsidiary Synthesia (manufacturer of cellulose, pigments and dyes, and organic compounds, established in 1929). For centuries, Pardubice have been known for the production of gingerbread . The gingerbread guild was established in the 16th century. The first factory was founded in 1913. Since 2008, Pardubice gingerbread is

460-522: Is classified as oceanic climate ( Köppen : Dfb ; Trewartha : Dcbo ). Among them, the annual average temperature is 9.7 °C (49.5 °F), the hottest month in July is 19.8 °C (67.6 °F), and the coldest month is −0.3 °C (31.5 °F) in January. The annual precipitation is 573.4 millimetres (22.57 in), of which July is the wettest with 79.9 millimetres (3.15 in), while February

506-408: Is divided into eight boroughs, which are further divided into 27 administrative parts (in brackets): The name Pardubice is derived from the personal Polish name Porydęb. It was the name of the leader of the monks who came here from Poland. For the first time the name was recorded in the form of Pordobice . Pardubice is located about 90 kilometres (56 mi) east of Prague . The city lies at

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552-483: Is listed in the category of the top 5 airports in the Czech Republic. Agriculture plays an important role in the region. The agricultural land covers about 60.2% of all land in the region, while the arable land occupies 43.8%. Forests cover 29.6% of the region. Attractions from natural tourist spots (such as the Železné Hory and the Orlické Hory) to historical monuments, mostly medieval castles established since

598-418: Is owned by the city of Pardubice. In addition to buses, trolleybuses also provide intra-city transport. Trolleybus service was started in 1952. There are 12 trolleybus lines in operation. Pardubice is home to University of Pardubice . It was founded in 1950 as Chemical College and is mainly focused on fields historically associated with the city, such as the chemical industry and transportation. The city

644-417: Is relatively lower in the central part of the region where the total annual values are around 700 – 800 mm. In the areas with higher elevation (such as Žďárské Vrchy or the foothills of Orlické Hory) there is higher precipitation with annual values of 800 – 1,000 mm. The gross domestic product (GDP) per capita of the region was 81.1% of the national average in 2011. Services form the largest part of

690-517: Is the Green Gate as a remnant of the city's fortifications. It is a Renaissance gate with a façade decorated by a relief designed by Mikoláš Aleš , which depicts the Lords of Pardubice. Behind the gate is a 60 metres (200 ft) high tower that serves as an lookout tower. In its interior there is also an exposition with the history and legends of the city. Pardubice Castle was built at the end of

736-468: Is the driest with only 30.9 millimetres (1.22 in). The extreme temperature throughout the year ranged from −27.7 °C (−17.9 °F) on 29 December 1996 to 37.7 °C (99.9 °F) on 28 July 2013. The first written mention of Pardubice is from 1295, when Pope Boniface VIII took over the protection of the local Church of Saint Bartholomew with the order of Canons Regular of the Penitence of

782-591: Is the highest point in the region. The lowest point (201 m) is situated on the water surface of the Elbe River near Kojice. The southern and southeastern parts of the region are home to the hilly areas of Upper Svratka Highlands and Iron Mountains . The central and western parts of the region are formed by the Polabí lowlands. In the northeast, the region reaches the Orlické Mountains and Hrubý Jeseník range. The European Watershed runs through

828-538: Is well preserved and is protected as an urban monument reservation . Pardubice is known as the centre of industry, which represents an oil refinery or an electronic equipment plant. The city is well known for its sport events, which include the Velká pardubická steeplechase in horse racing, the Golden Helmet of Pardubice in motorcycle racing, and the Czech Open international chess and board games festival. Pardubice

874-612: The Svítkov Stadium . The Golden Helmet has been run since 1929 is one of the oldest individual titles in world speedway. AMK Zlatá Přilba Pardubice is a speedway team that race at the Svítkov Stadium. The Czech Open international chess and games festival has been held in Pardubice since 1990. The city was also known for the Czech Open in golf, but it was last held in 2011. The landmark and symbol of Pardubice

920-575: The 13th century and rebuilt in the Renaissance style at the turn of the 15th and 16th centuries. Massive fortifications are preserved around the castle. Today the castle houses the Museum of East Bohemia in Pardubice and Gallery of East Bohemia in Pardubice. The original Church of Saint Bartholomew was built in 1295 and destroyed during the Hussite Wars . The today's Church of Saint Bartholomew

966-427: The 13th century, all encourage tourism to the region. The most significant historical monuments in the region are connected with the noble Pernštejn family from Moravia, who had two huge castles built, at Litice nad Orlicí , and on Kunětická hora near Pardubice. In 2011 there were 365 facilities providing accommodation in the region for 324,000 visitors. In 2011 there were: Furthermore, there were nine hospitals with

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1012-520: The 13th century, during the reign of King Ottokar II of Bohemia . Its predecessor was a Slavic settlement called Oustí . The first written mention of the town is from 1285, when King Wenceslaus II gifted it to Záviš of Falkenstein . In 1292, after Zavis' death, Wenceslaus II gifted the settlement to the Cistercian monks at Königsaal. They passed the town to the Litomyšl bishopric in 1358. During

1058-702: The 15th and 16th centuries, it was owned by various noble families, including the Kostkas of Postupice or the Pernštejn family . The town was damaged by a large fire in 1495. After the Battle of White Mountain in 1620, Ústí was acquired by the Liechtenstein family . There were guilds of weavers established here in the 16th century. The town was slow to recover from the lootings of the Thirty Years' War , then

1104-702: The Assumption of the Virgin Mary is a late Baroque church, built in 1770–1776. The adjoining deanery building was built in 1742–1748. The Church of the Visitation of Our Lady in Horní Houžovec was built around 1800. It is a wooden rural church with an octagonal nave, valued as an example of vernacular architecture in the region. The Church of Saints Peter and Paul is located in Knapovec. It was built in

1150-471: The Blessed Martyrs . In the first half of the 14th century, the settlement was acquired by a noble family, later known as Lords of Pardubice. In 1340, when Pardubice was inherited by Arnošt of Pardubice , it was first referred to as a city. In 1491, Pardubice was bought by Vilém II of Pernštejn , who continued to expand the city and made significant impact on its prosperity. He chose Pardubice as

1196-561: The Bohemian-Moravian border. In its second existence, it was one of 19 regions as they were set between 1949 and 1960. After 1960, Pardubice became the capital of Pardubice district, which was part of the Eastern Bohemian Region (capital Hradec Králové ). The Pardubice Region, as it is now, was reestablished in 2000. The Pardubice Region is divided into 4 districts: There are a total of 451 municipalities in

1242-572: The Czech Republic, Bratislava , Žilina and Košice in Slovakia, Budapest in Hungary, and Vienna and Graz in Austria. The territory of Pardubice is served by eight train stations and stops. Pardubice is served by Pardubice Airport , which is used as both military and civilian international airport. Intra-city transport is provided by the company Dopravní podnik města Pardubic a.s., which

1288-522: The advent of World War II . During the war, the city was damaged by air strikes of the Allies, and the Fanto Werke refinery was repeatedly bombed during the oil campaign . Pardubice is known as an industrial city. The dominant industries are chemical industry, electrical engineering and mechanical engineering. Tesla electronics manufacturer operated here in 1921–1989. In 2000, Foxconn established

1334-574: The area, Wilhelm von Dürnholz, and meant "Wilhelm's promontory". Ústí nad Orlicí is located about 44 kilometres (27 mi) east of Pardubice . It lies in the Svitavy Uplands . The highest point is the Strážný hill at 584 m (1,916 ft) above sea level. The town is situated at the confluence of the Tichá Orlice and Třebovka rivers. Ústí nad Orlicí was founded in the second half of

1380-455: The army of General Lennart Torstensson , but was not conquered. An important milestone in the history of the city was the year 1845, when the railway from Prague to Olomouc was finished. Pardubice became an important railway junction, which led to the development of the food, engineering and chemical industries, and subsequently the development of social and cultural life. In 1874, the Velká pardubická steeplechase horse race took place for

1426-466: The centre of his estate and began to build a city that corresponded to his status. The Pernštejn family had the entire historic centre with the Renaissance square built. They also had rebuilt the medieval castle into a comfortable fortified residence. In 1560, the Pernštejns were forced to sell the estate to Emperor Ferdinand I because of debts. During the Thirty Years' War , the city was besieged by

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1472-574: The confluence of the Elbe and Chrudimka rivers. There are several fishponds, artificial lakes and oxbow lakes of the Elbe in the municipal territory. Pardubice is located in the East Elbe Table , in the eastern part of the Polabí lowland. The highest point is the hill Stropinský vrch at 258 m (846 ft) above sea level, located on the southeastern municipal border. Pardubice's climate

1518-587: The drainage basin of the Danube are the Morava, Moravská Sázava, Svitava and Třebůvka. The Seč Reservoir (220 ha) and the Pastviny Reservoir (92 ha) are among the larger water bodies in the region. The most prevalent soil types in the region are podzol and cambisol . Forests cover 29.6% of the region and are predominantly coniferous . Deciduous forests occur around Pardubice. Pardubice Region has

1564-416: The first half of the 16th century. Until 1786, the church belonged to a Minorite monastery, from which time there are extensive underground tombs under the church. The House at Jonáš is one of the most treasured burgher houses in Pardubice. It was built after the fire that hit the city in 1507. It is known for its façade, decorated with a stucco relief from 1797, showing a biblical scene of a whale swallowing

1610-483: The first time. In 1910, Jan Kašpar made here the first successful flight in Czech lands and a year later he made history by flying the first long-haul flight from Pardubice to Prague. Until 1918, the city was part of Austria Hungary . The seat of the Pardubice district, it was one of the 94 Bezirkshauptmannschaften in Bohemia . In the interwar period, Pardubice continued to develop until its heyday ended with

1656-483: The late Empire style in 1832–1834. The adjoining deanery building was built in 1742–1748. Ústí nad Orlicí is twinned with: Pardubice Pardubice ( Czech pronunciation: [ˈpardubɪtsɛ] ; German : Pardubitz ) is a city in the Czech Republic . It has about 92,000 inhabitants. It is the capital city of the Pardubice Region and lies on the Elbe River. The historic centre

1702-508: The prophet Jonah . The premises of the house are used by the Gallery of East Bohemia in Pardubice. The Zámeček Memorial is a place of reverence that commemorates execution of 194 people in 1942. The place is a national cultural monument and at its centrepiece is a granite monument dating from 1949. Pardubice is twinned with: Pardubice also cooperates with: Pardubice Region Pardubice Region ( Czech : Pardubický kraj )

1748-402: The region (as of 2019). Among these are 15 municipalities with extended powers and 26 municipalities with a delegated municipal office. Thirty-two of the municipalities are classified as towns. The regional central offices are in Pardubice. The total population of the Pardubice Region is about 530,000. 17 municipalities have a higher population than 5,000. The largest municipality of the region

1794-554: The region and connect it with Liberec, Germany and the Moravian network of highways and expressways. There are 542 km of railways in the region, connecting it to Prague, Brno, Liberec, Olomouc, Ostrava, and to Poland. The railway corridor of Berlin – Prague – Brno – Vienna crosses the region and in Pardubice it is connected to routes of national significance to Liberec and Havlíčkův Brod. Pardubice has an international airport , operating for both public and military flights, which

1840-474: The region's economy, forming 52.4% of GDP in 2011. Other significant sectors are industry (36.9% of GDP) and construction (7.2% of GDP). The registered unemployment rate was 8.44% at the end of 2011. The highest unemployment rate was in Svitavy District . Industry and commercial public services are the basis of Pardubice's economy. General engineering, textiles, clothing, and leather processing are

1886-577: The region, where it separates the basins of the North Sea and the Black Sea . The tripoint of the Danube (Black Sea), Elbe (North Sea) and Oder ( Baltic Sea ) watersheds is located at the peak of Králický Sněžník . The majority of the region belongs to the drainage basin of the Elbe, consisting of the rivers Chrudimka , Divoká Orlice , Doubrava, Loučná, Tichá Orlice and Třebovka. The rivers in

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1932-515: The strongest industrial branches. The chemical industry in Pardubice Region is larger than anywhere else in the Czech Republic. Road networks make up 3,597 km that transverse throughout the region. Roads I/35 and I/37 (connecting to I/17 in Chrudim) are noted as the most important. A 9 km section of the D11 motorway connect the region to Prague. The two-lane R35 expressway is planned to cross

1978-537: The town is Rieter CZ , a manufacturer of textile machinery with more than 500 employees. The I/14 road (the section from Rychnov nad Kněžnou to Česká Třebová ) passes through the town. Ústí nad Orlicí is located on the Prague – Košice international railway line. The town is also served by the Prague– Luhačovice interregional line and by a regional line heading from Česká Třebová to Litomyšl . Mírové Square

2024-505: Was built together with a monastery in 1507–1514. It was used as a burial place of the Pernštejn family . In the interior there is a valuable main altar with the painting "The Passion of St. Bartholomew" from 1692 by Michael Willmann and a painting decoration by Mikoláš Aleš. The Church of the Annunciation of the Virgin Mary was founded by Arnošt of Pardubice before 1359. Its present late Gothic and Renaissance appearance dates from

2070-460: Was destroyed by fire in 1705. It gained municipal status in 1795. When Ústí was connected to the railway network by the Olomouc – Prague line in 1845, the textile business boomed. It gained the tagline of The Manchester of Eastern Bohemia , and became an important textile centre. It was an important railway junction and from 1850 became a regional centre. The largest industrial employer based in

2116-672: Was first represented in the top national football competition by SK Pardubice in the 1930s and 1940s. Later VCHZ Pardubice played in the top national league in the 1968–69 season. Nowadays the city is represented by FK Pardubice , which plays in the Czech First League . Women's team plays in the Czech Women's First League . The ice hockey club HC Dynamo Pardubice plays in the Czech Extraliga . The team plays its home games at Enteria arena . The basketball team

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