William de Lancaster I (d. circa 1170), or William Fitz Gilbert, was a nobleman of the 12th century in Northwest England during the Anarchy , and the period during which his region was ruled by King David I of Scotland . His position survived the return of English rule under King Henry II , and his most important lordship, which had previously come together under Ivo de Taillebois , would evolve into what was eventually known as the barony of Kendal . According to a document some generations later, he was also referred to as William de Tailboys (de Taillebois) when younger, and then became "William de Lancaster, baron of Kendal". He died in about 1170.
31-698: William Lancaster may refer to: William de Lancaster I , or William Fitz Gilbert, was a nobleman of the twelfth century in Northwest England William Lancaster (Queen's) (1650–1717), English academic administrator and clergyman William Lancaster (anthropologist) (1938–2022), British social anthropologist studying various Arab tribes and communities William Lancaster (cricketer) (1873–1938), English cricketer William Lancaster (politician) (1841–1929), English politician and benefactor William H. Lancaster (born 1931), member of
62-480: A careful review of the evidence which has been sketched above, the author is of opinion that no barony or reputed barony of Kentdale existed prior to the grants of 1189–90; and that neither William de Lancaster, son of Gilbert, nor William de Lancaster II, his son and successor, can be rightly described as "baron" of Kentdale. What became the barony of Kendal is nevertheless generally accepted to have started to come together already under Ivo de Taillebois (d. 1094) in
93-454: A father-to-son descent from Ivo through Eldred, Ketel, and Gilbert to William. However, monastic genealogies concerning their benefactors are generally considered unreliable. There are chronological concerns with this pedigree: Ivo and Eldred appear to have been contemporaries, as were Ketel and Gilbert. Likewise, it implies that William de Lancaster was heir to Ketel fitz Eldred, but Ketel is commonly thought to have had another heir. And there
124-487: A second charter, from 1357, repeats the claim that Ketel son of "Aldred" was avunculus of William. Gilbert was thus not son of Ketel. Noting that avunculus was sometimes used imprecisely for a paternal uncle, Frederick Ragg proposed that Gilbert was the brother of Ketel, and hence son rather than grandson of Eldred However, George Washington and George Andrews Moriarty instead viewed Ketel as maternal uncle to William, brother to Gilbert's wife Godith. Washington noted that
155-528: A small part of this did he control this region. For the majority of his reign all or most of this area was under the rule of David I of Scotland . During the period when Stephen was in control "we possess distinct and clear evidence that Stephen, as king, enfeoffed a knight of the lands of Warton in Kentdale and the wide territory of Garstang , in Lancashire, to hold for the service of one knight. This
186-422: Is also no record of Eldred being an heir to Ivo, while it would be unusual for the descendants of a Norman noble (Ivo) to have so many Anglo-Saxon names (Eldred, Ketel, etc.). The 12th-century annalist Peter of Blois related that Ivo's "only daughter, who had been nobly espoused, died before her father; for that evil shoots should not fix deep roots in the world, the accursed lineage of that wicked man perished by
217-438: Is often considered to be the same as the one known daughter, Beatrix, the wife of Ribald of Middleham. For example, Katherine Keats-Rohan accepted Godith as Ketel's sister, but proposed their mother to be Beatrix, through a marriage to Eldred of which no contemporary record has been found. William was married to a Countess Gundred, perhaps his second wife. She is sometimes identified with the widow of Roger, Earl of Warwick , who
248-513: Is uncertain where Robert de Romille came from. The oldest references state that the family was located in both Brittany and Normandy. There is a town in eastern Brittany named Romillé that gave rise to a de Romillé family, but Robert may instead have been a younger son of Rainfred Rumille from Remilly-sur-Lozon , 14 km from Saint-Lô in the County of Mortain . In the Domesday Book
279-835: The First Barons' War . Robert de Romille Robert de Romille (also de Rumilly ) was an adventurer from Brittany who joined the Normans in their Conquest of Britain. After 1086 King William I made him lord of the estates of Bolton Abbey. Romille built the first Skipton Castle in 1090 to repel the expansions of Malcolm III of Scotland . In 1102 Romille's lands were greatly increased by Henry I of England to include all of upper Wharfedale and upper Airedale. His male line died out before 1310; but by his daughters he has many descendants today. Said to have come from an 'old and respected family in Brittany and Normandy', it
310-900: The Wapentake of Ewcross in the West Riding of Yorkshire . During the Scottish occupation, Hugh de Morville became the overlord of much of this area, a position he kept when the area later returned to English control. Farrer and Curwen remark: William de Lancaster no longer held anything in Kentdale of Roger de Mowbray; but he appears to have held his lands in Westmarieland and Kentdale of Morevill by rendering Noutgeld of £14 6s. 3d. per annum, and some 16 carucates of land in nine vills in Kentdale as farmer under Morevill. In 1166 William de Lancaster I held only two knight's fees, of
341-529: The multiple estate of Bolton Abbey was listed as going from the lordship of Edwin, Earl of Mercia to the Clamores of Yorkshire . The Bolton Abbey estate then included 77 carucates of ploughland (9240 acres/3850ha): Halton East , Embsay , Draughton , Skibeden, Skipton, Low Snaygill, Thorlby, Addingham , Beamsley , Holme, Gargrave , Stainton, Otterburn , Scosthrop , Malham , Anley, Coniston Cold , Hellifield , Hanlith . But after 1086 that lordship
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#1732798163891372-599: The California State Assembly William Edward Lancaster (1909–2003), chief executive of the Royal Zoological Society of South Australia Willie Lancaster , Scottish footballer Bill Lancaster (1947–1997), American screenwriter Bill Lancaster (aviator) (1898–1933), British aviator [REDACTED] Topics referred to by the same term This disambiguation page lists articles about people with
403-612: The area of Furness . The following are some of the areas associated with him: It appears that he was possessed of the lordship of Mulcaster (now Muncaster), over the Penningtons of Pennington in Furness, and under Robert de Romille , lord of Egremont and Skipton , who held it in right of his wife, Cecilia, daughter and heiress of William Meschin . King Stephen 's reign in England lasted from 1135 to 1154, but only during
434-707: The axe of the Almighty, which cut off all his issue." The only known heiress of Ivo was a daughter named Beatrix. Her sons by her one documented husband, Ribald of Middleham , did occasionally use the Taillebois surname. A connection between William and Ivo de Taillebois is still supported based upon a similarity of land holdings between the two. Likewise, a record in the Coucher Book of Furness Abbey involving Helewise de Lancaster, William's granddaughter, claims he had been known as William de Tailboys before receiving
465-557: The entire wapentake of Ewcross, even though it seems that the family of Roger de Mowbray kept hold of at least Burton in Kendal . William held two parts of it, mentioned above, while Ivo had held another, Clapham. The rest is speculation.) According to Farrer, the barony of Kendal became a real barony only in the time of William's grand daughter Hawise, who married Gilbert son of Roger fitz Reinfrid. Both he and his son William de Lancaster III were certainly barons of Kendal. William's father
496-579: The governance of Romille. Clearly intent that Craven become a compact structure the King added in estates from his own demesne . Robert de Romille's heir was his daughter Cecilia, who married William le Meschines , the lord of Copeland. Cecilia became famous as foundress of the Embsay Priory that became Bolton Abbey . Cecilia and William had two sons: Ranulph and Matthew but both died without issue, so their daughter Alice, wife of William fitz Duncan ,
527-574: The later county. In 1900, William Farrer claimed that "all of the southern half of Westmorland , not only the Kirkby Lonsdale Ward of Westmorland, but also the Kendal Ward, were linked with Northern Lancashire from a very early time" and formed a single district for fiscal administrative purposes. Two apparently lost records which are said to have mentioned William's father Gilbert apparently connected him to Cumbria, specifically to
558-463: The names Godith, Ketel and Eldred are all Anglo-Saxon names, rarely used by Normans, possibly indicative of a single family. This contrasts with the French names of Gilbert, and his son and grandsons named William. Moriarty suggested that Christina, Ketel's wife, may have been a relative of Ivo de Taillebois such as the unnamed daughter mentioned by Peter of Blois. The daughter mentioned by Peter of Blois
589-589: The new feoffment of Roger de Mowbray in Sedbergh, Thornton, Burton in Lonsdale, and the other places in Yorkshire previously named, which his descendants held long after of the fee of Mowbray by the same service. The Mowbray connexion with Kentdale had come to an end upon the accession of Henry II , who placed Hugh de Morevill in possession of Westmarieland in return, possibly, for past services and in pursuance of
620-445: The personal name Ivo at least once, and may have been related to Ivo and Beatrix. In a 1212 Curia Regis Roll entry, William's granddaughter Helewise de Lancaster and her husband refer to "Ketel filius Eutret" as her "antecessor" , a term that could mean literal ancestor, or simply a predecessor more generally. A grant to St Leonard's York by William refers to Ketel, the son of "Elred", as his avunculus (maternal uncle). Likewise,
651-494: The policy of planting his favourites in regions of great strategic importance. Probably the change of paramount lord had little, if any, effect on the position of William de Lancaster in Kentdale. In Cumberland further west, William was probably castellan in the castle of Egremont under William fitz Duncan . Such proposals are based on his transaction with his cousin Gospatrick son of Orme, whereby castle service at Egremont
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#1732798163891682-525: The right to be called "Willelmum de Lancastre, Baronem de Kendale" . However, Farrer and Curwen have questioned the accuracy of this account, pointing out that William was probably not baron of Kendal, but an under-lord there. There was a Tailboys family present in Westmorland during the 12th century, for example in Cliburn , and these were presumably relatives of William de Lancaster. This family used
713-513: The same name. If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change the link to point directly to the intended article. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=William_Lancaster&oldid=1093000728 " Category : Human name disambiguation pages Hidden categories: Short description is different from Wikidata All article disambiguation pages All disambiguation pages William de Lancaster I Despite his by-name "de Lancaster", which
744-405: The time of William Rufus, some generations before William. In later generations William was depicted by his family as having been a Taillebois. A continuity is therefore often asserted between what Ivo held, and what William later held, despite the fact that William had no known hereditary claim on Kendal, and Ivo had no male heirs. (This is also the reason for the frequent assertion that William held
775-756: Was William de Lancaster, son of Gilbert by Godith his wife, described in the Inquest of service made in 1212 as " Willelmus filius Gilberti primus ", that is, the first to be enfeoffed of that fee." At a similar time, during the period 1145-1154, a major enfeoffment by Roger de Mowbray put William in control, or perhaps just confirmed his control, of what would become the barony of Kendal , plus Warton, Garstang, and Wyresdale in Lancashire, as well as Horton in Ribblesdale and " Londsdale ". The latter two are sometimes apparently being interpreted as indicating possession for some time of at least part of what would become
806-423: Was daughter of William de Warenne, 2nd Earl of Surrey and Elizabeth of Vermandois , but William Farrer instead identified her as daughter of Roger and the elder Gundred. William had issue: William's granddaughter Helewise had a son and heir who took her surname, William de Lancaster III. He died without male heirs, heavily indebted, apparently due to payments demanded after he was captured at Rochester during
837-486: Was due to William for Workington. William de Lancaster is often described as having been a baron of Kendal . In fact it is not so clear what kind of lordship existed over Kendal, given the lack of clarity of records in this period. The word baron developed specific meanings during the Middle Ages, namely feudal baron and baron by writ . William Farrer wrote, in the introduction to his Records of Kendal : After
868-513: Was named Gilbert, and his mother was Godith. They are both mentioned clearly in a benefaction of William to St Mary de Pré and William was often referred to as William the son of Gilbert (fitz Gilbert). William was also said to have descended from both Ivo de Taillebois and Eldred of Workington , who were contemporaries of William Rufus , but the exact nature of the relationship is unclear and indeed controversial. Two late cartularies, those of Cockersand Abbey and St Mary's Abbey in Yorkshire, give
899-401: Was not yet permanently part of England, or divided into counties. Only part of this area was within the later English county of Lancaster or Lancashire . The by-name "de Lancaster", by which William was remembered, therefore referred to the city of Lancaster , to the south of his lordships, and probably more importantly to some area under its jurisdiction which did not necessarily become part of
930-519: Was transferred to Romille. Finding the Saxon manse at Bolton Abbey beyond repair Romille selected a rocky outcrop in more strategic location in 1090 and built the eminently defensible Skipton Castle After 1102 King Henry I confiscated the nearby Craven lands of the rebellious lords Roger the Poitevin , Erneis of Burun and Gilbert Tison. He put those in upper Wharfedale and upper Airedale into
961-537: Was used by his descendants as a family name, William and his relatives appear in contemporary documents relating mainly to what is now the modern county of Cumbria , not Lancashire , the county of Lancaster. He and his family were especially associated with Copeland in western Cumberland , Furness in the Lake District , the barony of Kendal , which became part of Westmorland , and various areas such as Barton between Kendal and Ullswater . Much of this area