65-663: Ivan William Stanley Moss MC (15 June 1921 – 9 August 1965), commonly known as W. Stanley Moss or Billy Moss , was a British army officer in World War II, and later a successful writer, broadcaster, journalist, and traveller. He served with the Coldstream Guards and the Special Operations Executive (SOE) and is best known for the Kidnap of General Kreipe . He was a best-selling author in
130-713: A clandestine organization operated by the United States and British intelligence agencies to undermine Enver Hoxha and the Communist government there. In 1949 he married Daška Ivanović, from Dubrovnik in Croatia. Coincidentally his new brother-in-law, diplomat Vane Ivanovic , had been a member of the Yugoslav section of the Political Warfare Executive (PWE), the propaganda arm of SOE, during
195-409: A complete Shakespeare dedicated, "To Bill, with best of luck for Guernsey, Bill". Promoted to the rank of captain, at age 22 Moss set off with Leigh Fermor, age 29, to Crete in 1944. Leigh Fermor landed by parachute. Moss, unable to jump due to cloud cover, followed several weeks later, landing on 4 April 1944 by boat on the south coast where he joined Leigh Fermor, Andartes and other support (using
260-493: A proposal that a number of awards, including the Military Cross, could be recommended posthumously. The award was created on 28 December 1914 for commissioned officers of the substantive rank of captain or below and for warrant officers . The first 98 awards were gazetted on 1 January 1915, to 71 officers, and 27 warrant officers. Although posthumous recommendations for the Military Cross were unavailable until 1979,
325-628: A small team known as "The Musketeers" which included Major David Smiley and Captain Julian Amery . Unfortunately they could not persuade the nationalists to join with the partisans; nor could McLean get SOE-HQ in Bari to support his nominee to lead the partisan fight against the Axis powers, Abaz Kupi . Meanwhile, the partisans grew suspicious of this outside interference, and eventually McLean and his team had to be withdrawn. Ironically, British strategy
390-651: A team of Cretan Andartes , part of the Greek resistance. Moss and Leigh Fermor thought of the Kreipe abduction one evening in the Club Royale de Chasse et de Pêche (Royal Hunting and Fishing Club) and planned it during the winter of 1943. On the last evening before Moss and Leigh Fermor set off, Smiley presented Moss with the Oxford Book of English Verse – his companion from Albania – for good luck. McLean gave him
455-512: A uniform and two pet mongooses). She protected her reputation while living in the all-male household by the invention of an entirely fictitious chaperone, "Madame Khayatt", who suffered from "distressingly poor health" and was always indisposed when visitors asked after her. The group were later joined by SOE agents Billy McLean , David Smiley returning from Albania, and Rowland Winn (later Lord St. Oswald), also active in Albania. Tara became
520-477: Is commemorated near Archanes and at Patsos . Returning to Crete on 6 July 1944, Moss led a resistance group consisting of eight Cretans and six escaped Russian POW soldiers in launching an ambush on German forces, intent on attacking Anogeia , on the main road connecting Rethymno and Heraklion . He chose an ambush site by a bridge in the Damastos location, one kilometre west of the village of Damasta . After
585-582: Is the third-level (second-level until 1993) military decoration awarded to officers and (since 1993) other ranks of the British Armed Forces , and formerly awarded to officers of other Commonwealth countries. The MC is granted in recognition of "an act or acts of exemplary gallantry during active operations against the enemy on land" to all members of the British Armed Forces of any rank. In 1979, Queen Elizabeth II approved
650-694: The 1923 Great Kantō earthquake . Moss attended Charterhouse in England (1934–39). His uncle, Sir George Sinclair Moss (1882-1959), a British diplomat in China, also served the Special Operations Executive as adviser on Chinese affairs during the Second World War. In the autumn of 1939, Moss, aged 18, had just left Charterhouse and was living in a log cabin on the Latvian coast. By the outbreak of war, he reached Stockholm , and succeeded in crossing
715-648: The 1964 general election he found himself under severe pressure from the Liberal Party and ended up losing his seat. Being out of Parliament left McLean more time to travel, especially in the Middle East. He kept up his work in Yemen, and had contacts with most of the Muslim Arab states including Jordan where he had developed a close relationship with then monarch King Hussein . Fielding claimed that he
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#1732793907030780-622: The Conspicuous Gallantry Cross . The Military Cross was designed by Henry Farnham Burke , while its ribbon was created by Victoria Ponsonby, Baroness Sysonby . In the Medal Yearbook 2015 it is described as follows: Since 1914, over 52,000 Military Crosses and 3,717 bars have been awarded. The dates below reflect the relevant London Gazette entries: In addition, approximately 375 MCs have been awarded since 1979, including awards for Northern Ireland ,
845-688: The Falklands , and the wars in the Persian Gulf , Iraq , and Afghanistan . The above table includes awards to the Dominions: Neil McLean (politician) Lieutenant-Colonel Neil Loudon Desmond McLean , DSO** (28 November 1918 – 17 November 1986), known as Billy McLean , was a Scottish politician and intelligence officer in the British Army . During World War II , he worked for Special Operations Executive and
910-693: The Lebensborn programme. They researched what had become of the children born as a result of the order. Moss arrived in Christchurch, New Zealand on 9 January 1958, at the request of Lord Tedder, chairman of the management council of the 1958 Polar Air Rescue Expedition in London. Moss was to lead a British expedition in May to the North Pole, to evolve a rescue organization for commercial airlines flying
975-569: The Military Cross following the Kreipe abduction. 23 May 1944 Recommendation for MC. This officer showed exceptional gallantry in taking part, with Major Leigh Fermor, in the organization and execution of the kidnapping of Major-General Kreipe at Arkhanes, Crete on 26 April 1944. It was due to Captain Moss's swiftness in attacking the General's car that the operation was made possible. In
1040-606: The Second World War there. In 1941, he was transferred to the Special Operations Executive , an unorthodox military unit which worked behind enemy lines on sabotage and espionage . After completing his training he was sent to join Col. Wingate 's Gideon Force in Ethiopia, where he commanded a mixed group of Ethiopian and Eritrean irregulars (nicknamed "McLean's Foot") against the occupying Italian army. For his efforts he
1105-592: The 1950s, based on his novels and books about his wartime service. His SOE years are featured in Ill Met by Moonlight: The Abduction of General Kreipe , (also adapted as a British film released under the main title) and A War of Shadows . Moss travelled around the world, including Antarctica to meet the Commonwealth Trans-Antarctic Expedition . A biography, Billy Moss: Soldier, Writer, Traveller - A Brief Life by Alan Ogden,
1170-548: The 1993 review of the honours system , as part of the drive to remove distinctions of rank in awards for bravery the Military Medal , formerly the third-level decoration for other ranks , was discontinued. The MC is now the third-level award for all ranks of the British Armed Forces for "exemplary gallantry" on land, not to the standard required to receive the Victoria Cross (for "the most conspicuous bravery") or
1235-647: The American armour plated icebreaker, USS Glacier . Taking to sea from New Zealand again, he sailed with Bill Endean, Rex Hill, Warwick Davies (aged 19), John Ewing (aged 19) in Endeans's 47 ft Alden-rigged Malabar ketch, the Crusader , through the islands of the Pacific to Tahiti . Here the crew split up and Moss joined the crew of the 50-ft motorsailer Manawanui from Tahiti to Nassau, Bahamas . Tig Lowe
1300-569: The Antarctic, Moss intended to take two parachutes. In the event, there was not enough space on the flight so he flew on 24 January 1958, with 3 other passengers, in a Globemaster aircraft (with one engine cutting out six hours from his destination) to Scott Base at McMurdo Sound , Antarctica to report on the arrival of the first Antarctic crossing achieved by the Commonwealth Trans-Antarctic Expedition in 1957-8 led by Vivian Fuchs and Edmund Hillary . By mid-February with melting ice and
1365-638: The Cross were entitled to use the post-nominal letters MC, and bars could be awarded for further acts of gallantry meriting the award, with a silver rosette worn on the ribbon when worn alone to denote the award of each bar. From September 1916, members of the Royal Naval Division , who served alongside the Army on the Western Front , were made eligible for military decorations, including
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#17327939070301430-836: The Faculty of Philosophy of the University of Crete to students in the Department of Philology and Department of History and Archaeology. The prizes were created to honour the Cretans, in Moss's name, and as an expression of gratitude and debt to the Cretan people. The prizes were founded by his daughter, Gabriella, in 2014, the 70th anniversary of Moss's wartime missions to Crete, and were first awarded in July 2015. Notes Sources Military Cross The Military Cross ( MC )
1495-426: The General and his troops, in part, explains the reluctance of sentries to stop the General's car as Moss drove it through Heraklion. The episode was immortalised in his best-selling book Ill Met by Moonlight (1950). It was adapted into a film of the same name, directed and produced by Michael Powell and released in 1957. It featured Dirk Bogarde as Patrick Leigh Fermor and David Oxley as Moss. The abduction
1560-629: The German withdrawal. Subsequently, Moss returned to Britain for reassignment on January 30, 1945. Despite being assigned regimental duties, he sought to rejoin special operations. Taking a 28-day leave in Cairo from March 6, 1945, he chose this time to marry. He was then posted to join Force 136 in Thailand (to which Moss referred by its historic name of Siam) arriving from Cairo on 25 June 1945 to stay at
1625-727: The Grand Hotel, in Calcutta. Joining Major Ken Scott as Jedburgh team leader and Capt. John Hibberdine (W/T) for Operation Sungod, he flew out of Jessore on 22 August by Dakota landing by parachute in a drop zone by a river, south of Bandon in the Bandon Nakon Sri Tamaraj area. The team's orders included establishing communication with HQ (W/T station Gaberdine), liaising with the Thailand 6th Independent Division, identifying all POW camps, finding locations for drop zones and seaplane landings and preparing to demolish
1690-1306: The Immediate Award of the MC. In Cairo, on 26 April 1945, Moss married Countess Zofia Tarnowska , his former housemate. She was the granddaughter of Count Stanislaw Tarnowski (1837–1917) and a direct descendant of Catherine the Great of Russia . Their witnesses were Prince Peter of Greece and Major the Hon Peter Pleydell-Bouverie KRRC . The reception was held at the house of Princess Emina Toussoun. They had three children: Christine Isabelle Mercedes, named after their mutual friend and former SOE agent Krystyna Skarbek (Christine Granville), Sebastian (who died in infancy) and Gabriella. Initially living in London, they moved to Riverstown House, County Cork in Ireland . They later returned to London . They separated in 1957. Moss achieved success as an author with three novels, as well as his two books based on his wartime adventures. In addition, he travelled to Germany and wrote an investigation of post-war Germany, studying what happened to gold accumulated by
1755-824: The Klausenhof Mountain at Einsiedl in Bavaria, where the final German resistance was to be concentrated. Similarly the Abwehr cash reserves were hidden nearby in Garmisch-Partenkirchen . Shortly after the American forces overran the area, the reserves and money disappeared. Moss and Kennedy travelled back and forth across Germany and into Switzerland and corresponded with fugitives in Argentina, to research what had happened. They talked to many witnesses before finally establishing what had become of
1820-467: The Military Cross, for the war's duration. Naval officers serving with the division received 140 MCs and eight second award bars. In June 1917, eligibility was extended to temporary majors , not above the substantive rank of captain. Substantive majors were made eligible in 1953. In 1931, the award was extended to equivalent ranks in the Royal Air Force for actions on the ground. After
1885-834: The Nazis: Gold Is Where You Hide It: What Happened to the Reichsbank Treasure? (1956). Between 1952 and 1954, Moss joined up with his friend and former SOE agent, Andrzej Kowerski – who adopted his cover name, Andrew Kennedy, after the war – to investigate a mystery of the final days of the Third Reich. In April and May 1945, the remaining reserves of the Reichsbank – gold (730 bars), cash (6 large sacks), and precious stones and metals such as platinum (25 sealed boxes) – were dispatched by Walther Funk to be buried on
1950-656: The North Sea to England in a yacht. After full training at Caterham , he was commissioned as an ensign into the Coldstream Guards in July 1941. He served on King's Guard at the Court of St. James's punctuated by bouts of Churchillian duty at Chequers . Posted to reinforce the 3rd Battalion the Coldstream, after the losses at Tobruk , Moss fought between October 1942 and July 1943 with Montgomery's Eighth Army chasing Rommel across North Africa after Alamein . In
2015-597: The Polar route. The United States Naval Support Unit, based in New Zealand for Operation Deep Freeze III, were, thus, requested to fly Moss to the Pole the following day in order to undertake a parachute jump over the Antarctic. He planned to jump from 3,000 feet from an aircraft moving at 200 mph, the air being too thin for the aircraft to fly any slower. Given the intermittent failure of parachutes during supply drops to
W. Stanley Moss - Misplaced Pages Continue
2080-502: The SOE hostel, "Hangover Hall". He moved in alone at first, then bought his Alsatian puppy, Pixie. Then, Xan Fielding , who had served in Crete, joined him. Next was Countess Zofia (Sophie) Tarnowska , forced to leave Poland in 1939 by the German invasion, followed by Arnold Breene of SOE HQ. Finally Patrick Leigh Fermor , an SOE officer who had spent the previous nine months in Crete, joined
2145-675: The Second World War, most Commonwealth countries created their own honours system and no longer recommended British awards. The last Military Cross awards for the Canadian Army were for Korea. The last four Australian Army Military Cross awards were promulgated in The London Gazette on 1 September 1972 for Vietnam as was the last New Zealand Army Military Cross award, which was promulgated on 25 September 1970. Canada , Australia and New Zealand have now created their own gallantry awards under their own honours systems. Since
2210-453: The aftermath of Operation Corkscrew , his battalion was then sent to garrison Pantelleria . He returned to Cairo, where he volunteered to join Force 133 of the Special Operations Executive (SOE) on 24 September 1943. In 1943 in Cairo, Moss moved into a spacious villa, with a great ballroom with parquet floors, which four or five people might share. Moss chose to live in the villa rather than
2275-676: The centre of high-spirited entertaining of diplomats, officers, writers, lecturers, war correspondents and Coptic and Levantine party-goers. The residents adopted nicknames: "Princess Dneiper-Petrovsk" (Countess Sophie Tarnowska), "Sir Eustace Rapier" (Lt-Col. Neil (Billy) McLean), "the Marquis of Whipstock" (Col David Smiley LVO OBE MC), "the Hon, Rupert Sabretache" (Rowland Winn MC), "Lord Hughe Devildrive" (Major Xan Fielding DSO), "Lord Pintpot" (Arnold Breene), "Lord Rakehell" (Lt-Col Patrick Leigh-Fermor DSO) and "Mr Jack Jargon"(Capt W. Stanley Moss MC). By
2340-402: The clash that followed as well as 1 Russian partisan. He left Crete on 18 August 1944. The operation, for which a bar to his Military Cross was recommended, is described in full in Moss's book A War of Shadows and commemorated at Damasta. Moss's exploits in Crete are recorded in the Historical Museum of Crete. Moss served in Greece between September and November 1944, during which time he
2405-412: The cover name of 'Dimitrios'). Walking north, they passed through Skinias , Kastamonitsa and Haraso . Just south of Skalani , they prepared for the abduction. Throughout the operation, as they travelled across Crete, they were hidden and supported by the Resistance and the local population. Moss and Leigh Fermor, disguised as German soldiers, stopped the General's car. With the help of their team,
2470-459: The driver was knocked out by Moss with his cosh and the General and car seized. With Leigh Fermor impersonating the General, and Moss his driver, and with the General bundled in the back, secured by their Cretan team, Moss drove the General's car for an hour and a half through 22 controlled road blocks in Heraklion . Leigh Fermor took the car on, as Moss walked with the general south into the mountains to Anogeia and up towards Psiloritis . Reunited,
2535-416: The early stages of the kidnapping, Capt. Moss impersonated the chauffeur of the General's car and for an hour and a half drove "the General" through Heraklion and passed 22 controlled road blocks before the car was finally abandoned. Subsequently Capt. Moss assisted in moving the General during a period of 17 days through enemy held territory. For outstanding courage and audacity Capt. Moss is recommended for
2600-449: The entire abduction team took the general on over the summit of Psiloritis before descending, aiming for the coast. Driven west by German forces cutting off escape to the south, they travelled to Gerakari and on to Patsos . From here, they walked on through Fotinos and Vilandredo before striking south, finally to escape by HMS Motor Launch ML 842 (commanded by Brian Coleman) on 14 May 1944 from Peristeres Beach, west of Rodakino. After
2665-419: The first awards included seven posthumous awards, with the word 'deceased' after the name of the recipient, from recommendations that had been raised before the recipients died of wounds or died from other causes. Awards are announced in The London Gazette , apart from most honorary awards to allied forces in keeping with the usual practice not to gazette awards to foreigners. From August 1916, recipients of
W. Stanley Moss - Misplaced Pages Continue
2730-550: The flag for many of us who have not resigned". In general McLean's Parliamentary contributions were concentrated on foreign affairs. He also visited areas of concern, including French Indochina and Algeria to find the situation on the ground, and reported back to British newspapers. In September 1962 while visiting Algeria he was pinned down for an hour by a firefight between rival groups. That year he also began to work with Muhammad al-Badr in resisting Egyptian efforts to install an ally as President of North Yemen where he became
2795-402: The household. The villa's new inhabitants called it Tara , after the legendary home of the High Kings of Ireland. Sophie Tarnowska and two other women had been asked to share the house with the SOE agents, but only she went through with it, after the men pleaded with her not to let them down. Estranged from her husband, she moved in with her few possessions (a bathing costume, an evening gown,
2860-525: The loss of the ice landing strip floating out to sea, air access ceased. The expedition arrived at Scott Base on 2 March 1958, and Moss's report was published in the Sunday Pictorial the following day. On 4 March, Moss attended the celebratory dinner with Fuchs, Hillary, David Stratton, George Lowe, Geoffrey Pratt, Harold Lister, George Marsh, George Lowe, Hannes La Grange, Jon Stephenson, Allan Rogers, Joseph “Bob” Miller, John Lewis, Ralph Lenton and 2 others. He left in mid-March 1958 returning to New Zealand on
2925-425: The practice of "plural farming" by which landowners farmed multiple farms with a single labour force, and which was unpopular with agricultural workers. McLean's work in nursing the constituency paid off as he was elected by 1,331 votes. Owing to illness, McLean did not make his maiden speech until March 1956, and he chose to speak about Egypt and Gamal Abdel Nasser whom he regarded with extreme concern. McLean
2990-442: The principal military advisor to the Royalist forces. He persuaded the Foreign Office not to recognize the Communist-backed government in the country; an accomplishment described by McLean's biographer Xan Fielding as his "crowning achievement". In June 1964 McLean introduced a Private members bill aimed at protecting some paper mills, shipbuilding and cotton firms which had received government grants from nationalization . During
3055-415: The school team. He was then sent to the Royal Military College, Sandhurst to train to become an officer. Having spent his holiday periods fox hunting , he was a keen sportsman and won many point to point races while attending Sandhurst. In August 1938 on leaving Sandhurst, McLean was commissioned into the Royal Scots Greys . The following year he was posted to Palestine and spent the first two years of
3120-427: The team destroyed various passing vehicles, among which was a lorry carrying military mail to Chania , the German force intending to target Anogeia finally appeared. It consisted of a truck of infantrymen backed up by an armoured car. Moss and his group attacked the troops. He destroyed the armoured car by crawling up behind it and dropping a grenade into the hatch. In total, 40 to 50 German and Axis troops were killed in
3185-433: The treasure. What Moss and Kennedy uncovered, and the conclusions they reached on the various people responsible for the disappearances, have not been disputed to this day. The disappearance of Major Martin Borg , the US Military Governor of Garmisch-Partenkirchen at the time, has not been explained. Later, Moss and Kennedy went on to uncover the consequences of Heinrich Himmler 's order of 28 October 1939, which confirmed
3250-403: The tunnel on the railway from Chong Khao and Ron Phibun, east to Tunsong, as also described in his book A War of Shadows . The Mission arranged the orderly surrender of Japanese forces in their area of operations, before Moss left in November 1945 On 25 January 1946, he joined Operation Python. He was discharged on 21 November 1946. Moss was recommended for and received the Immediate Award of
3315-509: The war, a member of Kreipe's staff reported that, on hearing the news of the kidnapping, an uneasy silence in the officers' mess in Heraklion was followed by someone saying, "Well gentlemen, I think this calls for champagne all round." Post-war correspondence explains that Kreipe was disliked by his soldiers because, amongst other things, he objected to the stopping of his own vehicle for checking in compliance with his commands concerning troops' reviewing approved travel orders. This tension between
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#17327939070303380-420: The war. At the 1950 general election , McLean ran as the Conservative Party candidate for Preston South , a newly created constituency which was expected to be marginal. He was defeated by 149 votes. He stood again in the 1951 general election , but was again defeated by the extremely narrow margin of 16 votes. This was the smallest majority in any constituency in that election. In the summer of 1952, McLean
3445-494: The winter of 1944, the Tara household had to leave their battered villa and move into a flat. Their landlord secured their eviction on the grounds that the villa had not been let to "Princess Dneiper-Petrovsk" et al. , as stated on the villa's name plate. Moss is best remembered for Operation 'BRICKLAYER', the capture of General Heinrich Kreipe on Crete and abduction of him to Egypt, in April and May 1944. Leigh Fermor ( Philidem ), with Moss ( Dimitri ) as his second-in-command, led
3510-469: Was a kind of "unofficial under-secretary" of the Foreign Office , and quoted a 1979 letter from Harold Macmillan which said "You are one of those people whose services to our dear country are known only to a few". In his retirement he was appointed to the Royal Company of Archers , the Queen's bodyguard in Scotland. McLean suffered from diabetes and septicaemia and died of heart failure in 1986. At his side were his family, including his step-grandson,
3575-409: Was a strong supporter of the decision to invade Egypt during the Suez Crisis , and an equally strong opponent of the decision shortly thereafter to withdraw. The Members of Parliament who took this view were known as the "Suez Group"; McLean did not join those who abandoned the Conservative whip in 1957, but did declare that he was in sympathy with them and that "the M.P.s who have resigned have raised
3640-408: Was awarded the Distinguished Service Order and promoted to lieutenant colonel . However, even after he left tension between the partisans and the nationalists in Albania was still causing concern to SOE at which point the Foreign Office and McLean devised a plan to unite them in a common struggle against the Axis forces there. In April 1944, exactly one year later, McLean returned to Albania with
3705-413: Was awarded the Distinguished Military Medal of Haile Selassie I in 1941. 1942 saw McLean shifted to a staff job with the Special Operations Executive (SOE); first in Cairo , Egypt then in Syria and back in Palestine. He also worked for MI9 in Istanbul aiding resistance fighters in Nazi -occupied countries. In early 1943 McLean was selected by SOE to lead a mission in occupied Albania, for which he
3770-429: Was buried at the Garrison Church in Kingston on Friday 13 August. Two buglers from the 1st Battalion The Jamaica Regiment sounded Last Post and Reveille over his coffin which was draped in the Union Jack. A simple rock of red and white mottled Jamaican marble was erected over his grave with the inscription In loving memory of William Stanley Moss, A Soldier, A Writer, A Traveller . The Prizes are awarded annually by
3835-430: Was chosen as the Unionist Party candidate for Inverness , where the sitting Member of Parliament Lord Malcolm Douglas-Hamilton intended to stand down. He toured the constituency continuously, familiarizing himself with its problems and speaking to local groups. Lord Malcolm resigned in autumn 1954 and a by-election was called for 21 December. The Liberal Party was strong in the constituency and campaigned against
3900-437: Was involved in clandestine missions in Ethiopia, China, and particularly Albania. In 1954 he served as a Unionist Member of Parliament for Inverness . McLean was born in Sutherland , the elder son of Neil Gillean McLean, who had made a great deal of money trading with India and owned an estate at Glencalvie. The family called him "Billy". He was educated at Eton College , where he excelled in fencing , becoming Captain of
3965-412: Was promoted to major . His team was parachuted behind enemy lines in April 1943, where they made contact with the partisan National Liberation Movement (LANÇ) and the nationalist, anti-Communist, anti- Zog movement, the Balli Kombëtar . McLean then organized them into the 1st Partisan Brigade, and arranged their training and armament. Following his evacuation from Albania in November 1943, McLean
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#17327939070304030-462: Was promoted to the rank of major on October 24. He participated in an operation alongside Major Ken Scott, with the objective of sabotaging the railway bridge over the Aliakmon River to disrupt German troop movements in and out of Thessaloniki. Due to heavy rainfall causing the river to overflow its banks, Moss was unable to execute the final part of the plan to destroy a section of the bridge. He continued to engage in sabotage activities aimed at impeding
4095-403: Was published in 2014 as an Afterword to A War of Shadows . An abbreviated text was published in the Coldstream Gazette 2018. Moss was born in Yokohama , Japan . His mother, Natalie Galitch (born in Nikolayevsk-on-Amur), was a White Russian émigrée , and his father, William Stanley Moss, an English businessman and steel merchant in Japan. They married on 22 September 1916. The family survived
4160-459: Was skipper, Howard "Bones" Kanter was navigator, and other crew members were two New Zealanders. They stopped at Mangareva , where Moss and Lowe put on a boxing exhibition - much to the delight of the islanders. They sailed on to the Pitcairn Islands , Easter Island , the Galapagos Islands and Panama , eventually landing at Nassau in December 1959. Moss moved on to Kingston, Jamaica , where he settled. He died there on 9 August 1965, aged 44. He
4225-474: Was subsequently altered to recognize only the LANÇ who went on to convert Albania into a Communist state. Early in 1945 McLean volunteered to work for SOE against the Japanese forces in China and was appointed military advisor to Sir Clarmont Skrine, the British consul in Kashgar . He was still working undercover there when the war ended. After some years traveling in the late 1940s, McLean resigned his commission and returned to Albania one last time, joining
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