Wissembourg ( French pronunciation: [visɑ̃buʁ] ; South Franconian : Weisseburch [ˈvaɪsəbʊʁç] ; German: Weißenburg [ˈvaɪsn̩bʊʁk] ) is a commune in the Bas-Rhin department in Grand Est in northeastern France .
16-542: Wissembourg was a sub-prefecture of the department until 2015. The name Wissembourg is a Gallicized version of Weißenburg (Weissenburg) in German meaning "white castle". The Latin place-name, sometimes used in ecclesiastical sources, is Sebusium . The town was annexed by France after 1648 but then incorporated into Germany in 1871 . It was returned to France in 1919 , but reincorporated back into Germany in 1940 . After 1944 it again became French. Wissembourg
32-580: A line of works extending to Lauterbourg nine miles to the southeast. Like the fortifications of the town, only vestiges remain, although the city wall is still intact for stretches. Austrian General von Wurmser succeeded in briefly capturing the lines in October 1793, but was defeated two months later by General Pichegru of the French Army and forced to retreat, along with the Prussians , across
48-472: Is situated on the little river Lauter close to the border between France and Germany approximately 60 km (37 mi) north of Strasbourg and 35 km (22 mi) west of Karlsruhe . The Wissembourg station offers rail connections to Strasbourg, Haguenau and Landau (Germany). Weissenburg (later Wissembourg) Abbey , the Benedictine abbey around which the town has grown, was founded in
64-680: The Décapole that survived annexation by France under Louis XIV in 1678 and was extinguished with the French Revolution . On 25 January 1677 a great fire destroyed many houses and the Hôtel de Ville; its replacement dates from 1741 to 1752. Many early structures were spared: the Maison du Sel (1448), under its Alsatian pitched roof, was the first hospital of the town. There are many 15th- and 16th-century timber-frame houses, and parts of
80-594: The département of Meurthe (now Moselle ), in the Lorraine region in the extreme north-east of France. They specialised in military fiction and ghost stories in a rustic mode Lifelong friends who first met in the spring of 1847, they finally quarreled during the mid-1880s, after which they did not produce any more stories jointly. During 1890 Chatrian died, and Erckmann wrote a few pieces under his own name. Many of Erckmann-Chatrian's works were translated into English by Adrian Ross . Tales of supernatural horror by
96-597: The parish church of Saints Peter and Paul's church ( Église Saints-Pierre-et-Paul ). Other medieval churches are the Lutheran St John's church ( Église Saint-Jean ), and the Romanesque St Ulrich's church ( Église Saint-Ulrich ) in Altenstadt. The 13th-century Dominican church now serves as the cultural center "La Nef". The Grenier aux Dîmes ( tithe barn ) belonging to the abbey is from
112-471: The prefecture for its department . The term also applies to the building that houses the administrative headquarters for an arrondissement. The civil servant in charge of a subprefecture is the subprefect , assisted by a general secretary . Between May 1982 and February 1988, subprefects were known instead by the title Deputy Commissioner of the Republic ( commissaire adjoint de la République ). Where
128-597: The 18th century but an ancient foundation. Noteworthy houses are the medieval "Salt house" ( Maison du sel ), the Renaissance "House of l'Ami Fritz" and the Baroque town hall , a work by Joseph Massol . Subprefectures in France In France , a subprefecture ( French : sous-préfecture ) is the commune which is the administrative centre of a departmental arrondissement that does not contain
144-463: The 7th century, perhaps under the patronage of Dagobert I . The abbey was supported by vast territories. Of the 11th-century buildings constructed under the direction of Abbot Samuel, only the Schartenturm and some moats remain. The town was fortified in the 13th century. The abbey church of Saint-Pierre et Paul erected in the same century under the direction of Abbot Edelin was secularized in
160-477: The French Revolution and despoiled of its treasures; in 1803 it became the parish church, resulting in the largest parish church of Alsace, only exceeded in size by the cathedral of Strasbourg . At the abbey in the late 9th century the monk Otfried composed a gospel harmony , the first substantial work of verse in German . In 1354 Emperor Charles IV made it one of the grouping of ten towns called
176-489: The Prussian army to move into France. The Geisberg monument commemorates the battle; the town's cemetery holds large numbers of soldiers, including the stately tomb of French general Abel Douay who was killed in combat. In 1975 the commune of Wissembourg absorbed the former commune of Altenstadt. The town, set in a landscape of wheat fields, retains a former Benedictine monastery with its large-scale Gothic church, now
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#1732776824381192-772: The River Rhine. Wissembourg formed the setting for the Romantic novel L'ami Fritz (1869) co-written by the team of Erckmann and Chatrian , which provided the material for Mascagni 's opera L'amico Fritz . Another Battle of Wissembourg took place on 4 August 1870. It was the first battle of the Franco-Prussian War . The Prussians were nominally commanded by the Crown Prince Frederick , but ably directed by his chief of staff, General Leonhard Graf von Blumenthal . The French defeat allowed
208-587: The administration of an arrondissement is carried out from a prefecture, the general secretary to the prefect carries out duties equivalent to those of the subprefect. The municipal arrondissements of Paris , Lyon and Marseille are divisions of the commune rather than the prefecture. They are not arrondissements in the same sense. Erckmann-Chatrian Erckmann-Chatrian was the name used by French authors Émile Erckmann (1822–1899) and Alexandre Chatrian (1826–1890), nearly all of whose works were jointly written. Both Erckmann and Chatrian were born in
224-613: The duo that are well known in English include "The Wild Huntsman" (tr. 1871), "The Man-Wolf" (tr. 1876) and "The Crab Spider." These stories received praise from the renowned English ghost story writer, M. R. James , as well as H. P. Lovecraft . Erckmann-Chatrian wrote numerous historical novels, some of which attacked the Second Empire in anti-monarchist terms. Partly as a result of their republicanism, they were praised by Victor Hugo and Émile Zola , and fiercely attacked in
240-443: The pages of Le Figaro . Gaining popularity from 1859 for their nationalistic, anti-militaristic and anti-German sentiments, they were well-selling authors but had trouble with political censorship throughout their careers. Generally the novels were written by Erckmann, and the plays mostly by Chatrian. A festival in their honour is held every summer in the town of Erckmann's birth, Phalsbourg (German Pfalzburg), which also contains
256-515: The walls and gateways of the town. The Maison de Stanislas was the retreat of Stanisław Leszczyński , ex-king of Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, from 1719 to 1725, when the formal request arrived on 3 April 1725 asking for the hand of his daughter in marriage to Louis XV . The First Battle of Wissembourg took place near the town in 1793. The " Lines of Wissembourg " ( French : Lignes de Wissembourg ; German : Weißenburger Linien ), originally made by Villars in 1706, were famous. They were
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