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34-555: The Jukun were established in Wukari as early as the 17th century. The town was one of the southern centers on a trading route that connected via Bauchi to the northern states of Katsina , Kano and Bornu . Large caravans would bring goods transported from north of the Sahara , exchanging them for slaves, salt and ivory. It is debatable whether the Jukun were ever the military leaders of

68-491: A meat-products processing plant. Abubakar Tafawa Balewa University (1980; originally called Federal University of Technology) and a federal polytechnic college are in the town. Pop. (2006) local government area, 493,810; (2016 est.) 415,000. [1] Bauchi was originally served by a narrow gauge 762 mm ( 2 ft 6 in ) light railway , but this was later converted to the normal gauge of 1,067 mm ( 3 ft 6 in ). Up until August, 2014, Bauchi

102-556: Is multi-ethnic. While the Jukun consider that it is their traditional homeland, other ethnic groups including the Tiv and Hausa have been present for over 200 years. In the 1910s, the colonial authorities encouraged immigration of Tivs to the region, although they were considered an "inferior group" with no history of central state administration, and were placed under the authority of the Jukun Aku Uka. Continued Tiv expansion into Wukari

136-829: The Administrative center of Bauchi State , of the Bauchi Local Government Area within that State, and of the traditional Bauchi Emirate . It is located on the northern edge of the Jos Plateau , at an elevation of 616 m. The Local Government Area covers an area of 3,687 km and had a population of 493,810 in 2006. Bauchi City is among the twenty Local Government Areas of Bauchi state: Bauchi, Tafawa Balewa , Dass , Toro , Bogoro , Ningi , Warji , Ganjuwa , Kirfi , Alkaleri , Darazo , Misau , Giade , Shira , Jamaare , Katagum , Itas/Gadau , Zaki , Gamawa and Damban . The emirate

170-534: The Port Harcourt – Maiduguri railway line . The Bauchi State Library Board was established in 1976. With the coming of the railway in 1961, Bauchi grew as a collecting point for peanuts (groundnuts) and cotton and a trade centre in sorghum, millet, cowpeas, corn (maize), cassava, and vegetables and in cattle, goats, and sheep. Cotton weaving and dyeing, tanning, and blacksmithing are traditional activities. The town’s industry includes an asbestos factory and

204-740: The Second Republic (1979–1983) both the Tiv and the Jukun supported the National Party of Nigeria . There were clashes in 1990 and 1991 related to whether Wukari should become part of Tiv-dominated Benue State or Jukun-majority Taraba State. In June 1992, a Jukun member of the Taraba state assembly, the only woman, was assassinated. The Jukun accused the Tiv of the murder, and further violence broke out. During this period, as many as 5,000 people may have been killed and many more forced to move. In 2001 and 2002 there were again clashes between

238-471: The states , and each state was required to produce at least one cabinet member. A constituent assembly was elected in 1977 to draft a new constitution, which was published on 21 September 1978, when the ban on political activities was lifted. In 1979, five political parties competed in a series of elections in which Alhaji Shehu Shagari of the National Party of Nigeria (NPN) was elected president. Obasanjo peacefully transferred power to Shagari, becoming

272-716: The Benue at that time. When the British incorporated the state into the protectorate of Nigeria around 1900, it was multi-ethnic, including Tiv and Moslem Hausa-Fulani people as well as the original Jukun. The British delegated much authority to traditional rulers in the Northern Region. In 1958 the Aku Uka of Wukari was one of four such rulers serving as a minister without portfolio in the Executive Council of

306-479: The British occupied the town and deposed Emir Umaru. The town served as the provincial capital from 1904 until 1911 and again from 1917 to 1924. In 1926 it became the headquarters of Bauchi province and in 1976, it became the capital of the newly created Bauchi state. Abubakar Tafawa Balewa is buried in the city, while the Yankari National Park is 110 km from the state capital. The city lies on

340-547: The Jukun, Tiv, Kuteb and Fulani people of the Federation. The Aku Uka of Wukari, Dr. Shekarau Angyu Masa-Ibi Kuvyo II, was reported as saying "They (the Tiv) came here to farm; we allowed them, gave them chieftaincy titles... Now that their population has increased, they believe they are many enough to colonise us." In August 2010 there was further fighting, this time along religious rather than ethnic lines. Christians disputed

374-434: The Jukun, have a tradition that they migrated from Egypt about a thousand years ago, but their religion is very different. The Wukari people adhered to their traditional religion for many years after loss of independence, and some still practice it. The first Christian missionaries arrived in 1905, and the first mission station was opened on 29 May 1906. In 1914 one of the missionaries at the station, Rev. W. Maxwell, published

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408-557: The Nigerian election results that returned Shehu Shagari , the incumbent, as president in the Second Republic - he strongly believed the results were widely rigged. On 31 December 1983, the military overthrew the Second Republic. Major General Muhammadu Buhari , became the military leader of the new government, citing charges of corruption and administrative incompetence as reasons for military intervention. Buhari emerged as

442-571: The SMC, and the government's failure to deal with the country's deepening economic crisis as justifications for the takeover. During his first days in office, President Baba Gida moved to restore freedom of the press and to release political detainees being held without charge. As part of a 15-month economic emergency plan he announced pay cuts for the military, police, civil servants and the private sector. President Babangida demonstrated his intent to encourage public participation in decision-making by opening

476-558: The St. Mark's gospel in the Jukun dialect of Wukari Wapan. Progress was slow, with a small congregation and no indigenous pastors as late as the 1950s. Although many of the Jukun are now Christian, some are animist and some are Muslim. The Aku Uka, Shekarau Angyu Masa Ibi is a Christian and worships in the Chapel established in the Palace by The Christian Reformed Church of Nigeria (CRCN). Wukari

510-471: The broader Kwararafa state, as is sometimes claimed, or whether the Aku's role was more a symbolic or ritual leadership of the different peoples of the Benue river basin. Clearly the Aku Uka of Wukari had considerable influence. For example, in 1780 the leader of a group of migrants from Bornu felt it necessary to apply to the Aku Uka for endorsement and recognition of his rule over their new settlement at Lafia , to

544-689: The construction of a mosque at the Wukari Police divisional headquarters, and started rioting a few days before a planned visit of the Moslem Sultan of Sokoto , Muhammad Sa'ad Abubakar III . Lives were lost and property destroyed. The Aku Uka of Wukari and chairman of the Taraba State Traditional Council, Dr. Shakaru Angyu, had reportedly warned the Area Commander against the building of the mosque, which

578-402: The divine right of kingship, with the Aku Uka being considered son of a god. Of several gods, the sun god is paramount. The religion includes belief in communicating with the souls of the dead. These similarities to Egyptian beliefs have led some anthropologists to speculate that the Jukun originally came from Sudan . The Kuteb people , who speak a related language and live just to the south of

612-622: The first head of state in Nigerian history to willingly step down. All five parties won representation in the National Assembly. In August 1983, Shagari and the NPN were returned to power in a landslide victory, with a majority of seats in the National Assembly and control of 12 state governments. But the elections were marred by violence and allegations of widespread vote rigging and electoral malfeasance led to legal battles over

646-531: The founder of Ibi , Buba Wurbo, and the first public festival was held during the reign of Abgumanu II (1903–1915). After a ritual to appease the gods of the river, when the fishing contest began in April 2010 the winner caught a fish weighing 318 kg. Jukun rulers of the Wukari Federation, with title "Aku Uka", were: Bauchi Bauchi (earlier Yakoba ) is a city in northeast Nigeria ,

680-532: The leader of the Supreme Military Council (SMC), the country's new ruling body. President Shagari was placed under house arrest , and several of his cabinet members were either jailed or exiled. The Buhari government was peacefully overthrown by the SMC's third-ranking member General Ibrahim Babangida in August 1985. Babangida gave misuse of power, violations of human rights by key officers of

714-535: The military governments formed after the overthrow of the first republic. Contested elections and political turbulence in the Western region ended Nigeria's First republic in 1966 with the overthrow of the government by majors of the Nigerian army. A unitary style of government was subsequently decreed into law. After a counter-coup six months later, the country was drawn into a civil war between federal forces and Biafran forces ( Eastern region ). Just before

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748-580: The northwest. The Aku Uka agreed and gave him the title of Sarkin Lafia Bare-Bari. The Aku Uka of Wukari became the regional power in the 1840s after the once-powerful Kwararafa state had been destroyed during the Fulani jihad (1804–1810) and its aftermath. The consolidation of Wukari as an independent state may have been given impetus by pressure from the Chamba people , who were pushing westward down

782-525: The region, the others being the Sultan of Sokoto , Emir of Katsina and Emir of Kano . Traditional Jukun beliefs and rituals are complex, with unique elements. For example, they thought that in their migration from Yemen to Kwararafa around 596 AD they were assisted by giant crocodiles, who were therefore protected, and still have a shrine in the Marmara pond at Wukari. The Jukun religion includes belief in

816-489: The results. In the widely monitored 1979 election, Alhaji Shehu Shagari was elected on the NPN platform. On 1 October 1979, Shagari was sworn in as the first President and Commander-in-Chief of the Federal Republic of Nigeria. The military carefully planned the return to civil rule putting in place measures to ensure that political parties have broader support than witnessed during the first republic. But there

850-460: The state are polytechnics , monothecnic, colleges of education , health technology institutions, secondary schools and primary schools. Bauchi has many occurring natural resources that are used by industries and also for commercial consumption. These include : Nigerian Second Republic The Second Nigerian Republic was a brief formation of the Nigerian state which succeeded

884-579: The tourist score, is from early December to early February. According to the Köppen Climate Classification system, Bauchi has a tropical savanna climate , abbreviated "Aw" on climate maps. Bauchi state is among the advanced centers of learning in Nigeria . It has many public and private institutions, These include universities own by the state and others own by federal government of Nigeria , other institutions present in

918-446: The transition process to terminate military rule in 1979. A new constitution was drafted, which saw the westminster system of government (previously used in the first republic ) jettisoned for an American -style presidential system . The 1979 constitution mandated that political parties and cabinet positions reflect the "federal character" of the nation. Political parties were required to be registered in at least two-thirds of

952-506: The war, 12 new states were created from the four regions. After the victory of federal forces in 1970, the country began a period of economic boom fueled by increasing oil production and rising oil prices. The Nigerian governing structure was further broken up with the creation of smaller states in 1976, bringing the total number of states to 19. Following the assassination of Nigerian military head of state, General Murtala Mohammed in 1976, his successor General Olusegun Obasanjo initiated

986-485: Was also uncertainties, like the first republic, political leaders may be unable to govern properly bringing another batch of new military rulers. Tai Solarin , an educationist, mounted public podiums regularly to speak-out in defiance of what he strongly felt were the negative views of the Second Republic government. Another such activist was Ayodele Awojobi , a professor of Mechanical Engineering, who filed several lawsuits and organised political rallies in protest of

1020-480: Was derived from a hunter called Baushe, who advised Yaqub to build his city west of the Warinje mountain. In return Yaqub promised to name his city after the hunter. Several of the subject peoples successfully revolted under the rule of his son and successor, Emir Ibrahim ibn Yakubu. Emir Usman moved the capital to Rauta (35 miles northwest) in 1877, but Bauchi once again became the emirate headquarters when, in 1902,

1054-506: Was destroyed during the disturbances. On a more positive note, Wukari traditions such as the rituals of the crocodile shrine are of interest to tourists. The annual Nwonyo Fishing Festival, which has its origins in 1826, includes boat and canoe racing, diving, swimming, and traditional dancing, and there is a prize for the person who catches the heaviest fish. The competition takes place at the Nwonyo lake, said to have been discovered in 1816 by

Wukari Federation - Misplaced Pages Continue

1088-717: Was due in part to population pressure, and in part to unsustainable slash-and-burn farming methods. In the 19th century, the Tiv allied with the Jukun to fight the Hausa/Fulani. More recently, the Tiv and the Hausa have at times allied against the Jukun. However, under the First Republic (1963–1966), the Jukun and Hausa supported the Northern People's Congress , while the Tiv supported the rival United Middle Belt Congress , often leading to violent conflict. During

1122-557: Was founded in (1800–10) by Yakubu, one of Sheikhs Usman dan Fodio's commanders. Yakubu conquered a sparsely wooded savanna region (the Bauchi High Plains) mainly inhabited by non-Muslim peoples. After successful campaigns,he (Yakubu) founded (1809) the town of Bauchi. Yakubu built the town’s walls, the circumference of which measures 6.5 miles (10.5 km). The only non- Fulani flag-bearer of the Sokoto Empire . The name

1156-593: Was served by Bauchi Airport , located in-town. Scheduled airline service was then transferred to the newly constructed Sir Abubakar Tafawa Balewa International Airport , 23 kilometres (14 miles) north of Bauchi, near the village of Durum. In Bauchi, the dry season is partially cloudy and hot all year round, while the wet season is oppressive and overcast. The average annual temperature ranges from 57 to 100 degrees Fahrenheit, with occasional exceptions when it falls below 51 or rises over 104. The greatest time of year to visit Bauchi for warm-weather activities, according to

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