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44-461: Wumpus may refer to: Hunt the Wumpus , a 1973 grid-based "survival horror" computer game Elleston Trevor , who wrote a series of children's books about a character named "Wumpus" Discord , a chat application which features a character named "Wumpus" as its mascot See also [ edit ] Wampus (disambiguation) Topics referred to by

88-448: A dodecahedron . The caves are in complete darkness, so the player cannot see into adjacent caves; instead, upon moving to a new empty cave, the game describes if they can smell a Wumpus, hear a bat, or feel a draft from a pit in one of the connected caves. Entering a cave with a pit ends the game due to the player falling in, while entering the cave with the Wumpus startles it; the Wumpus will either move to another cave or remain and kill

132-455: A triangular gyrobianticupola. It has D 3d symmetry, order 12. It has 2 sets of 3 identical pentagons on the top and bottom, connected 6 pentagons around the sides which alternate upwards and downwards. This form has a hexagonal cross-section and identical copies can be connected as a partial hexagonal honeycomb, but all vertices will not match. The rhombic dodecahedron is a zonohedron with twelve rhombic faces and octahedral symmetry. It

176-527: A book titled Superwumpus , by Jack Emmerichs, was published containing source code for both BASIC and assembly language versions of his unrelated version of Hunt the Wumpus . In addition to the original BASIC games, versions of Hunt the Wumpus have been created for numerous other systems. Yob had seen or heard of versions in several languages, such as IBM RPG and Fortran , by 1975. A version in C , written in November 1973 by Ken Thompson , creator of

220-655: A commercial game for the TI-99/4A . In 1981, a version was released for the HP-41C calculator. Hunt the Wumpus has been cited as an early example of a survival horror game; the book Vampires and Zombies claims that it was an early example of the genre, while the paper "Restless dreams in Silent Hill" states that "from a historical perspective the genre's roots lie in Hunt the Wumpus ". Other sources, however, such as

264-399: A couple days later the super bats. Finally, feeling that players would want to create a map, he made the cave map fixed and gave each cave a number. Yob later claimed that, to his knowledge, most players did not create maps of the cave system, nor follow his expected strategy of carefully moving around the system to determine exactly where the Wumpus was before firing an arrow. While playtesting

308-432: A cube have the coordinates (±1, ±1, ±1). The coordinates of the 12 additional vertices are ( 0, ±(1 + h ), ±(1 − h ) ) , ( ±(1 + h ), ±(1 − h ), 0 ) and ( ±(1 − h ), 0, ±(1 + h ) ) . h is the height of the wedge -shaped "roof" above the faces of that cube with edge length 2. An important case is h = ⁠ 1 / 2 ⁠ (a quarter of the cube edge length) for perfect natural pyrite (also

352-421: A cubic convex hull at one limit of collinear edges, and a rhombic dodecahedron as the other limit as 6 edges are degenerated to length zero. The regular dodecahedron represents a special intermediate case where all edges and angles are equal. It is possible to go past these limiting cases, creating concave or nonconvex pyritohedra. The endo-dodecahedron is concave and equilateral; it can tessellate space with

396-626: A description of the game and its source code was published in Creative Computing in its October 1975 issue, and republished in The Best of Creative Computing the following year. It also appeared in other books of BASIC games, such as Computer Programs in BASIC in 1981. Multiple versions of Hunt the Wumpus were created and distributed after the game's release. Yob made Wumpus 2 and Wumpus 3 , beginning immediately after finishing

440-413: A dodecahedron because it was his favorite platonic solid , and because he had once made a kite shaped like one. From there, Yob added the arrows to shoot between rooms, terming it the "crooked arrow" as it would need to change directions to go through multiple caves, and decided that the player could only sense nearby caves by smell, as a light would wake the Wumpus up. He then added the bottomless pits, and

484-549: A hit game. The PCC first mentioned the game in its newsletter in September as a "cave game" that would be available to order through them soon, and gave it a full two-page description in its next issue in November of the same year. Tapes containing Wumpus were sold via mail order by both the PCC and Yob himself. The PCC description was republished along with source code in its book What to Do After You Hit Return in 1977, while

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528-422: A novella, and Magic: The Gathering cards. Hunt the Wumpus is a text-based adventure game set in a series of caves connected by tunnels. In one of the twenty caves is a "Wumpus", which the player is attempting to kill. Additionally, two of the caves contain bottomless pits, while two others contain "super bats" which will pick up the player and move them to a random cave. The game is turn-based ; each cave

572-547: A version of this game as one of the examples. An interactive audio-only version of the game was displayed by Jared Bendis as Treasure of the Wumpus in the Azimuth Cave at festivals in Ohio from 2011 to 2018, and an interactive touch screen version of the game, Return to Wumpus Cave , was presented in 2022. Dodecahedron Some dodecahedra have the same combinatorial structure as the regular dodecahedron (in terms of

616-628: Is a dodecahedron with chiral tetrahedral symmetry (T). Like the regular dodecahedron , it has twelve identical pentagonal faces, with three meeting in each of the 20 vertices. However, the pentagons are not regular and the figure has no fivefold symmetry axes. Although regular dodecahedra do not exist in crystals, the tetartoid form does. The name tetartoid comes from the Greek root for one-fourth because it has one fourth of full octahedral symmetry, and half of pyritohedral symmetry. The mineral cobaltite can have this symmetry form. Abstractions sharing

660-461: Is also a parallelohedral spacefiller . Another important rhombic dodecahedron, the Bilinski dodecahedron , has twelve faces congruent to those of the rhombic triacontahedron , i.e. the diagonals are in the ratio of the golden ratio . It is also a zonohedron and was described by Bilinski in 1960. This figure is another spacefiller, and can also occur in non-periodic spacefillings along with

704-407: Is based on one that is itself created by enlarging 24 of the 48 faces of the disdyakis dodecahedron .) The crystal model on the right shows a tetartoid created by enlarging the blue faces of the dyakis dodecahedral core. Therefore, the edges between the blue faces are covered by the red skeleton edges. The following points are vertices of a tetartoid pentagon under tetrahedral symmetry : under

748-552: Is different from Wikidata All article disambiguation pages All disambiguation pages Hunt the Wumpus Hunt the Wumpus is a text-based adventure game developed by Gregory Yob in 1973. In the game, the player moves through a series of connected caves, arranged as the vertices of a dodecahedron , as they hunt a monster named the Wumpus. The turn-based game has the player trying to avoid fatal bottomless pits and "super bats" that will move them around

792-414: Is dual to the quasiregular cuboctahedron (an Archimedean solid ) and occurs in nature as a crystal form. The rhombic dodecahedron packs together to fill space. The rhombic dodecahedron can be seen as a degenerate pyritohedron where the 6 special edges have been reduced to zero length, reducing the pentagons into rhombic faces. The rhombic dodecahedron has several stellations , the first of which

836-408: Is given a number by the game, and each turn begins with the player being told which cave they are in and which caves are connected to it by tunnels. The player then elects to either move to one of those connected caves or shoot one of their five "crooked arrows", named for their ability to change direction while in flight. Each cave is connected to three others, and the system as a whole is equivalent to

880-432: Is one of the five regular Platonic solids and can be represented by its Schläfli symbol {5, 3}. The dual polyhedron is the regular icosahedron {3, 5}, having five equilateral triangles around each vertex. The convex regular dodecahedron also has three stellations , all of which are regular star dodecahedra. They form three of the four Kepler–Poinsot polyhedra . They are the small stellated dodecahedron {5/2, 5},

924-509: The Unix operating system, was released in 1974; a later C version can still be found in the bsdgames package on modern BSD and Linux operating systems. In 1978, Danny Hillis , working as a summer intern on the TMS9918 graphics chip, wrote a graphical version of the game as a demonstration with the pattern of caves displayed as a torus instead of a dodecahedron, which was later published as

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968-423: The great dodecahedron {5, 5/2}, and the great stellated dodecahedron {5/2, 3}. The small stellated dodecahedron and great dodecahedron are dual to each other; the great stellated dodecahedron is dual to the great icosahedron {3, 5/2}. All of these regular star dodecahedra have regular pentagonal or pentagrammic faces. The convex regular dodecahedron and great stellated dodecahedron are different realisations of

1012-460: The tetartoid with tetrahedral symmetry : A pyritohedron is a dodecahedron with pyritohedral (T h ) symmetry. Like the regular dodecahedron , it has twelve identical pentagonal faces, with three meeting in each of the 20 vertices (see figure). However, the pentagons are not constrained to be regular, and the underlying atomic arrangement has no true fivefold symmetry axis. Its 30 edges are divided into two sets – containing 24 and 6 edges of

1056-683: The adventure genre", such as presenting the game from the perspective of the player-character, and non-grid-based map design. In 2012, Hunt the Wumpus was listed on Time ' s All-Time 100 greatest video games list. The Wumpus monster has appeared in several different forms of media, such as several "Wumpus" creature cards in Magic: The Gathering including a "Hunted Wumpus", video games such as M.U.L.E. (1983), and Cory Doctorow 's 2011 novella The Great Big Beautiful Tomorrow . The textbook Artificial Intelligence: A Modern Approach , with editions published since 1995, uses

1100-482: The arrow does not hit anything, then the Wumpus is startled and may move to a new cave; unlike the player, the Wumpus is not affected by super bats or pits. If the Wumpus moves to the player's location, they lose. In early 1973, Gregory Yob was looking through some of the games published by the People's Computer Company (PCC), and grew annoyed that there were multiple games, including Hurkle and Mugwump , that had

1144-488: The book The World of Scary Video Games , claim that the game lacks elements needed for a "horror" game, as the player hunts rather than is hunted by the Wumpus, and nothing in the game is explicitly intended to frighten the player, making it more of an early adventure or puzzle game. Kevin Cogger of 1Up.com claimed that Wumpus , whether or not it is an adventure game, "introduced a number of concepts that would come to define

1188-464: The cave system; the goal is to fire one of their "crooked arrows" through the caves to kill the Wumpus. Yob created the game in early 1973 due to his annoyance at the multiple hide-and-seek games set in caves in a grid pattern, and multiple variations of the game were sold via mail order by Yob and the People's Computer Company . The source code to the game was published in Creative Computing in 1975 and republished in The Best of Creative Computing

1232-598: The convex regular dodecahedron. Continuing from there in that direction, we pass through a degenerate case where twelve vertices coincide in the centre, and on to the regular great stellated dodecahedron where all edges and angles are equal again, and the faces have been distorted into regular pentagrams . On the other side, past the rhombic dodecahedron, we get a nonconvex equilateral dodecahedron with fish-shaped self-intersecting equilateral pentagonal faces. A tetartoid (also tetragonal pentagonal dodecahedron , pentagon-tritetrahedron , and tetrahedric pentagon dodecahedron )

1276-611: The face of a perfect crystal (which is rarely found in nature). Height = 5 2 ⋅ Long side {\displaystyle {\text{Height}}={\frac {\sqrt {5}}{2}}\cdot {\text{Long side}}} Width = 4 3 ⋅ Long side {\displaystyle {\text{Width}}={\frac {4}{3}}\cdot {\text{Long side}}} Short sides = 7 12 ⋅ Long side {\displaystyle {\text{Short sides}}={\sqrt {\frac {7}{12}}}\cdot {\text{Long side}}} The eight vertices of

1320-481: The following conditions: The regular dodecahedron is a tetartoid with more than the required symmetry. The triakis tetrahedron is a degenerate case with 12 zero-length edges. (In terms of the colors used above this means, that the white vertices and green edges are absorbed by the green vertices.) A lower symmetry form of the regular dodecahedron can be constructed as the dual of a polyhedron constructed from two triangular anticupola connected base-to-base, called

1364-409: The following year. The game sparked multiple variations and expanded versions and was ported to several systems, including the TI-99/4A home computer . It has been cited as an early example of the survival horror genre, and was listed in 2012 on Time ' s All-Time 100 greatest video games list. The Wumpus monster has appeared in several forms in media since 1973, including other video games,

Wumpus - Misplaced Pages Continue

1408-529: The game, Yob found it unexciting that the Wumpus always stayed in one place, and so changed it to be able to move. He then delivered a copy of the game, written in BASIC , to the PCC. In May 1973, one month after he had finished coding the game, Yob went to a conference at Stanford University and discovered that in the section of the conference where the PCC had set up computer terminals, multiple players were engrossed in playing Wumpus , making it, in his opinion,

1452-424: The graph formed by its vertices and edges), but their pentagonal faces are not regular: The pyritohedron , a common crystal form in pyrite , has pyritohedral symmetry , while the tetartoid has tetrahedral symmetry . The rhombic dodecahedron can be seen as a limiting case of the pyritohedron, and it has octahedral symmetry . The elongated dodecahedron and trapezo-rhombic dodecahedron variations, along with

1496-623: The original game, with Wumpus 2 adding different cave arrangements and Wumpus 3 adding more hazards. The source code for Wumpus 2 was published in Creative Computing and republished in The Best of Creative Computing 2 (1977), along with a description of Wumpus 3 . The PCC announced in the same November 1973 newsletter issue as it discussed the original game that a version from them titled Super Wumpus would be available soon, and listed it in its order catalog in its January 1974 issue under both that name and Wumpus 3 . In 1978,

1540-418: The player "hide and seek" in a 10 by 10 grid. Yob was inspired to make a game that used a non-grid pattern, where the player would move through points connected through some other type of topology. Yob came up with the name "Hunt the Wumpus" that afternoon, and decided from there that the player would traverse through rooms arranged in a non-grid pattern, with a monster called a Wumpus somewhere in them. Yob chose

1584-417: The player. If the player chooses to fire an arrow, they first select how many caves, up to five, that the arrow will travel through, and then enters each cave that the arrow moves through. If the player enters a cave number that is not connected to where the arrow is, the game picks a valid option at random. If the arrow hits the player while it is travelling, the player loses; if it hits the Wumpus, they win. If

1628-478: The pyritohedron in the Weaire–Phelan structure ). Another one is h = ⁠ 1 / φ ⁠ = 0.618... for the regular dodecahedron . See section Geometric freedom for other cases. Two pyritohedra with swapped nonzero coordinates are in dual positions to each other like the dodecahedra in the compound of two dodecahedra . The pyritohedron has a geometric degree of freedom with limiting cases of

1672-415: The rhombic dodecahedra, are space-filling . There are numerous other dodecahedra . While the regular dodecahedron shares many features with other Platonic solids, one unique property of it is that one can start at a corner of the surface and draw an infinite number of straight lines across the figure that return to the original point without crossing over any other corner. The convex regular dodecahedron

1716-405: The rhombic triacontahedron, the rhombic icosahedron and rhombic hexahedra. There are 6,384,634 topologically distinct convex dodecahedra, excluding mirror images—the number of vertices ranges from 8 to 20. (Two polyhedra are "topologically distinct" if they have intrinsically different arrangements of faces and vertices, such that it is impossible to distort one into the other simply by changing

1760-431: The same abstract regular polyhedron ; the small stellated dodecahedron and great dodecahedron are different realisations of another abstract regular polyhedron. In crystallography , two important dodecahedra can occur as crystal forms in some symmetry classes of the cubic crystal system that are topologically equivalent to the regular dodecahedron but less symmetrical: the pyritohedron with pyritohedral symmetry , and

1804-576: The same length. The only axes of rotational symmetry are three mutually perpendicular twofold axes and four threefold axes. Although regular dodecahedra do not exist in crystals, the pyritohedron form occurs in the crystals of the mineral pyrite , and it may be an inspiration for the discovery of the regular Platonic solid form. The true regular dodecahedron can occur as a shape for quasicrystals (such as holmium–magnesium–zinc quasicrystal ) with icosahedral symmetry , which includes true fivefold rotation axes. The name crystal pyrite comes from one of

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1848-409: The same term [REDACTED] This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the title Wumpus . If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change the link to point directly to the intended article. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wumpus&oldid=1193288315 " Category : Disambiguation pages Hidden categories: Short description

1892-415: The solid's topology and symmetry can be created from the cube and the tetrahedron. In the cube each face is bisected by a slanted edge. In the tetrahedron each edge is trisected, and each of the new vertices connected to a face center. (In Conway polyhedron notation this is a gyro tetrahedron.) A tetartoid can be created by enlarging 12 of the 24 faces of a dyakis dodecahedron . (The tetartoid shown here

1936-419: The two common crystal habits shown by pyrite (the other one being the cube ). In pyritohedral pyrite, the faces have a Miller index of (210), which means that the dihedral angle is 2·arctan(2) ≈ 126.87° and each pentagonal face has one angle of approximately 121.6° in between two angles of approximately 106.6° and opposite two angles of approximately 102.6°. The following formulas show the measurements for

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