Misplaced Pages

#680319

60-446: The TMS6125 is a smaller, 32 Kib (4 KiB) version of effectively the same chip, with some minor changes to the 'address load' command format to reflect its smaller size. Texas Instruments calls both of these serial roms (TMS6100 and TMS6125) "VSM"s (Voice Synthesis Memory) on their datasheets and literature. Both VSMs use 'local addressing', meaning the chip keeps track of its own address pointer once loaded. Hence every bit in

120-714: A Republican member of the Texas House of Representatives , was the Texas Instruments president. Geophysical Service, Inc. became a subsidiary of Texas Instruments. Early in 1988, most of GSI was sold to the Halliburton Company. Texas Instruments exists to create, make, and market useful products and services to satisfy the needs of its customers throughout the world. In 1930, J. Clarence Karcher and Eugene McDermott founded Geophysical Service, an early provider of seismic exploration services to

180-560: A bachelor's and master's degree in electrical engineering in 1924. Green met Ida Flansburgh in 1923 while working on his master's thesis at the General Electric Research Center in Schenectady, New York . They were married for 60 years, until her death in 1986. In 1941, Green and his partners J. Erik Jonsson, Eugene McDermott and H.B. Peacock bought Geophysical Service Incorporated (GSI), primarily

240-442: A leader in the graphing calculator industry. Its defense business was sold to Raytheon Company in 1997; this allowed TI to strengthen its focus on digital solutions. After the acquisition of National Semiconductor in 2011, the company had a combined portfolio of 45,000 analog products and customer design tools. In the stock market, Texas Instruments is often regarded as an indicator for the semiconductor and electronics industry as

300-529: A paper: "Some Recent Developments in Silicon and Germanium Materials and Devices". In 1954, Texas Instruments designed and manufactured the first transistor radio . The Regency TR-1 used germanium transistors, as silicon transistors were much more expensive at the time. This was an effort by Haggerty to increase market demand for transistors. Jack Kilby , an employee at TI, invented the integrated circuit in 1958. Kilby recorded his initial ideas concerning

360-440: A petroleum exploration company. GSI began to manufacture a broader range of electronics equipment and instruments during World War II , including anti-submarine sonar detectors. In 1951 GSI spun off Texas Instruments Incorporated (TI) to pursue the manufacture of a broader range of electronics equipment and instruments, while GSI, now as a wholly owned subsidiary of TI, continued to focus solely on oil exploration services. Green

420-461: A prototype of the world's first transistor radio , and, through a partnership with Industrial Development Engineering Associates of Indianapolis, Indiana, the 100% solid-state radio was sold to the public beginning in October of that year. In the 1960s, company president Pat Haggerty had a team that included Jack Kilby to work on a handheld calculator project. Kilby and two other colleagues created

480-438: A reorganization of Geophysical Service Incorporated , a company founded in 1930 that manufactured equipment for use in the seismic industry, as well as defense electronics. TI produced the world's first commercial silicon transistor in 1954, and the same year designed and manufactured the first transistor radio . Jack Kilby invented the integrated circuit in 1958 while working at TI's Central Research Labs. TI also invented

540-402: A whole, since the company sells to more than 100,000 customers. Texas Instruments was founded by Cecil H. Green , J. Erik Jonsson , Eugene McDermott , and Patrick E. Haggerty in 1951. McDermott was one of the original founders of Geophysical Service Inc. (GSI) in 1930. McDermott, Green, and Jonsson were GSI employees who purchased the company in 1941. In November 1945, Patrick Haggerty

600-477: Is a 4 or 5 digit mask rom ID code, typically 23xx or 62xxx. The chips are SOMETIMES (typically after 1981) also marked TMC0350, as this seems to be the 'internal use class' of the chip. The very first VSMs (used in the Speak and Spell , 1978 version) were marked TMC0351 and TMC0352 and did not have a CD number. These two SEEM to have been 'grandfathered in' as CD2300 and CD2301, as all later VSMs start at CD2302 (used in

660-750: Is made up of four divisions: analog products , embedded processors , digital light processing , and educational technology . As of January 2021, the industrial market accounts for 41 percent of TI's annual revenue, and the automotive market accounts for 21 percent. TI's remaining businesses consisting of DLP products (primarily used in projectors to create high-definition images), calculators and certain custom semiconductors known as application-specific integrated circuits. Texas Instruments sells DLP technology for TVs, video projectors, and digital cinema . On February 2, 2000, Philippe Binant, technical manager of Digital Cinema Project at Gaumont in France, realized

SECTION 10

#1732802179681

720-421: Is one of the top 10 semiconductor companies worldwide based on sales volume. The company's focus is on developing analog chips and embedded processors , which account for more than 80% of its revenue. TI also produces digital light processing (DLP) technology and education technology products including calculators , microcontrollers , and multi-core processors . Texas Instruments emerged in 1951 after

780-640: The Cecil H. Green Library at Stanford University , the Cecil H. & Ida Green Graduate and Professional Center at the Colorado School of Mines , the Cecil H. & Ida Green Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics at the University of California San Diego , the Cecil & Ida Green Building for earth sciences at MIT (designed by I.M. Pei ), and the Cecil and Ida Green Tower (the headquarters of

840-723: The Little Professor in 1976 and Dataman in 1977. TI produces a range of calculators, with the TI-30 being one of the most popular early calculators . TI has also developed a line of graphing calculators , the first being the TI-81 , and most popular being the TI-83 Plus (with the TI-84 Plus being an updated equivalent). Many TI calculators are still sold without graphing capabilities. The TI-30 has been replaced by

900-535: The Partial Nuclear Test Ban Treaty . Texas Instruments also continued to manufacture equipment for use in the seismic industry, and GSI continued to provide seismic services. After selling (and repurchasing) GSI, TI finally sold the company to Halliburton in 1988, after which sale GSI ceased to exist as a separate entity. In early 1952, Texas Instruments purchased a patent license to produce germanium transistors from Western Electric ,

960-847: The Paveway series of laser-guided bombs (LGBs). The first LGB was the BOLT-117 . In 1969, TI won the Harpoon (missile) Seeker contract. In 1986, TI won the Army FGM-148 Javelin fire-and-forget man portable antitank guided missile in a joint venture with Martin Marietta . In 1991, TI was awarded the contract for the AGM-154 Joint Standoff Weapon . In 1988, TI paid the U.S. government $ 5.2 million "to settle allegations one of its divisions overcharged

1020-683: The Public Welfare Medal from the National Academy of Sciences . In 1985, Green received the Golden Plate Award of the American Academy of Achievement . Cecil Howard Green died in 2003 at the age of 102. The growth of TI made Green an enormously wealthy man, and he and Ida quickly set about giving his wealth away. The Greens' philanthropic efforts totalled over $ 200 million, and most of this money

1080-592: The Speak & Spell , such as the Speak & Read and Speak & Math , were introduced soon thereafter. In 1979, TI entered the home computer market with the TI-99/4 , a competitor to computers such as the Apple II , TRS-80 , and the later Atari 400/800 and VIC-20 . By late 1982, TI was dominating the U.S. home computer market, shipping 5,000 computers a day from their factory in Lubbock. It discontinued

1140-588: The TI-30X IIS . Also, some financial calculators are for sale on the TI website. In 2007, TI released the TI-Nspire family of calculators and computer software that has similar capabilities to the calculators. Cecil H. Green Cecil Howard Green KBE (August 6, 1900 – April 11, 2003) was a British-born American geophysicist , electrical engineer, and electronics manufacturing executive, who trained at

1200-793: The TI-99/4A (1981), the sequel to the 99/4, in late 1983 amid an intense price war waged primarily against Commodore. At the 1983 Winter CES, TI showed models 99/2 and the Compact Computer 40 , the latter aimed at professional users. The TI Professional (1983) ultimately joined the ranks of the many unsuccessful MS-DOS and x86 -based—but non-compatible —competitors to the IBM PC (the founders of Compaq , an early leader in PC compatibles, all came from TI). The company for years successfully made and sold PC-compatible laptops before withdrawing from

1260-483: The University of British Columbia and the Massachusetts Institute of Technology . He was a cofounder of Texas Instruments . He and his wife Ida Green were philanthropists who helped found the University of Texas at Dallas , Green College at the University of British Columbia , St. Mark's School of Texas , and Green College at the University of Oxford . They were also major contributors to

SECTION 20

#1732802179681

1320-557: The $ 1.8 billion in total TI defense revenues, and was sold to TriQuint Semiconductor , Inc. Raytheon retained its own existing MMIC capabilities and has the right to license TI's MMIC technology for use in future product applications from TriQuint. Shortly after Raytheon acquired TI DSEG, Raytheon then acquired Hughes Aircraft from General Motors . Raytheon then owned TI's mercury cadmium telluride detector business and infrared (IR) systems group. In California, it also had Hughes infrared detector and an IR systems business. When again

1380-452: The 'Vowel Power' Speak and Spell expansion cartridge). It should also be noted that CD22xx, CD25xx and CD28xx numbers are used for chips that are NOT VSMs. When used on Texas Instruments ' non-consumer division products (such as generic voice chips for other computers/measurement devices which were still TI-branded) the chips are labeled VMxxxxx. When used on 3rd party products, the chips are marked CMxxxxx instead. The numbering scheme for

1440-433: The 1960s, popularized the use of integrated circuits in computer logic. The military-grade version of this was the 5400 series. Texas Instruments invented the hand-held calculator (a prototype called " Cal Tech ") in 1967 and the single-chip microcomputer in 1971, was assigned the first patent on a single-chip microprocessor (invented by Gary Boone) on September 4, 1973. This was disputed by Gilbert Hyatt, formerly of

1500-504: The Cal-Tech, a three-pound battery-powered calculator that could do basic math and fit six-digit numbers on its display. This 4.25 x 6.15 x 1.75 inch calculator's processor would originate the vast majority of Texas Instruments’ revenue. In 1973, the handheld calculator SR-10 (named after slide rule ) and in 1974, the handheld scientific calculator SR-50 were issued by TI. Both had red LED-segments numeric displays. The optical design of

1560-514: The Defense Systems & Electronics Group (DSEG). During the early 1980s, TI instituted a quality program which included Juran training, as well as promoting statistical process control , Taguchi methods , and Design for Six Sigma . In the late 1980s, the company, along with Eastman Kodak and Allied Signal , began involvement with Motorola , institutionalizing Motorola's Six Sigma methodology. Motorola, which originally developed

1620-564: The Explorer included the gate assignment system for United Airlines, described as "an artificial intelligence program that captures the combined experience and knowledge of a half-dozen United operations experts." In software for the PC, they introduced "Personal Consultant", a rule-based expert system development tool and runtime engine, followed by "Personal Consultant Plus" written in the Lisp-like language from MIT known as Scheme , and

1680-647: The F-22 Radar and Computer development contract. As the defense industry consolidated, TI sold its defense business to the Raytheon Company in 1997 for $ 2.95 billion. The Department of Justice required that Raytheon divest the TI Monolithic Microwave Integrated Circuit (MMIC) operations after closing the transaction. The TI MMIC business accounted for less than $ 40 million in 1996 revenues, or roughly 2% of

1740-823: The Industrial Systems Division, which was sold in the early 1990s to Siemens. In 2006, Bain Capital LLC , a private equity firm, purchased the Sensors & Controls division for $ 3.0 billion in cash. The RFID portion of the division remained part of TI, transferring to the Application Specific Products business unit of the Semiconductor division, with the newly formed independent company based in Attleboro taking

1800-678: The Micro Computer Company, in August 1990, when he was awarded a patent superseding TI's. This was overturned on June 19, 1996, in favor of TI (note: Intel is usually given credit with Texas Instruments for the almost-simultaneous invention of the microprocessor). In 1978, Texas Instruments introduced the first single-chip linear predictive coding speech synthesizer . In 1976, TI began a feasibility study of memory-intensive applications for bubble memory then being developed. They soon focused on speech applications. This resulted in

1860-503: The SR-50 is somewhat similar to the HP-35 edited by Hewlett-Packard before in early 1972, but buttons for the operations "+", "–", ... are in the right of the number block and the decimal point lies between two neighboring digits. TI continued to be active in the consumer electronics market through the 1970s and 1980s. Early on, this also included two digital clock models – one for desk and

TMS6100 - Misplaced Pages Continue

1920-741: The Six Sigma methodology, began this work in 1982. In 1992, the DSEG division of Texas Instruments' quality-improvement efforts were rewarded by winning the Malcolm Baldrige National Quality Award for manufacturing. TI developed the AAA-4 infrared search and track device in the late 1950s and early 1960s for the F-4B Phantom for passive scanning of jet-engine emissions, but it possessed limited capabilities and

1980-584: The US government forced Raytheon to divest itself of a duplicate capability, the company kept the TI IR systems business and the Hughes detector business. As a result of these acquisitions, these former arch rivals of TI systems and Hughes detectors work together. Immediately after acquisition, DSEG was known as Raytheon TI Systems (RTIS). It is now fully integrated into Raytheon and this designation no longer exists. TI

2040-455: The chip can be sequentially read out, even though internally the chip stores data in 8-bit bytes. (For the following section, CE stands for "Chip Enable" and is used as a way to enable one specific VSM.) The VSM has supports 4 basic commands, based on two input pins called 'M0' and 'M1': When used on Texas Instruments ' Consumer Division products, the VSMs are always marked CDxxxxx where xxxxx

2100-555: The company changed its name to Texas Instruments, spun off to build seismographs for oil explorations and with GSI becoming a wholly owned subsidiary of the new company. An early success came for TI-GSI in 1965, when GSI was able (under a Top Secret government contract) to monitor the Soviet Union 's underground nuclear weapons testing under the ocean in Vela Uniform , a subset of Project Vela , to verify compliance of

2160-687: The development the TMC0280 one-chip linear predictive coding speech synthesizer, which was the first time a single silicon chip had electronically replicated the human voice. This was used in several TI commercial products beginning with Speak & Spell , which was introduced at the Summer Consumer Electronics Show in June 1978. In 2001, TI left the speech synthesis business, selling it to Sensory Inc. of Santa Clara, California. In May 1954, Texas Instruments designed and built

2220-403: The first terrain-following radar and surveillance radar systems for both the military and FAA. TI demonstrated the first solid-state radar called Molecular Electronics for Radar Applications. In 1976, TI developed a microwave landing system prototype. In 1984, TI developed the first inverse synthetic aperture radar . The first single-chip gallium arsenide radar module was developed. In 1991,

2280-532: The first digital cinema projection in Europe with the DLP Cinema technology developed by TI DLP technology enables a diverse range of display and advanced light control applications spanning industrial, enterprise, automotive, and consumer market segments. The ASICs business develops more complex integrated-circuit solutions for clients on a custom basis. TI has produced educational toys for children, including

2340-473: The fiscal year 2017, Texas Instruments reported earnings of $ 3.682 billion, with an annual revenue of $ 14.961 billion, an increase of 11.9% over the previous fiscal cycle. TI shares traded at over $ 82 per share, and its market capitalization was valued at over $ 88.0 billion in October 2018. As of 2018, TI ranked 192nd on the Fortune 500 list of the largest United States corporations by revenue. As of 2016, TI

2400-559: The government on contracts for guided missiles sold to the Navy ". Because of TI's research and development of military temperature-range silicon transistors and integrated circuits (ICs), TI won contracts for the first IC-based computer for the U.S. Air Force in 1961 (molecular electronic computer) and for ICs for the Minuteman Missile the following year. In 1968, TI developed the data systems for Mariner Program . In 1991 TI won

2460-454: The hand-held calculator in 1967, and introduced the first single-chip microcontroller in 1970, which combined all the elements of computing onto one piece of silicon. In 1987, TI invented the digital light processing device (also known as the DLP chip), which serves as the foundation for the company's DLP technology and DLP Cinema. TI released the popular TI-81 calculator in 1990, which made it

TMS6100 - Misplaced Pages Continue

2520-559: The integrated circuit in July 1958, and successfully demonstrated the world's first working integrated circuit on September 12, 1958. Six months later, Robert Noyce of Fairchild Semiconductor (who went on to co-found Intel ) independently developed the integrated circuit with integrated interconnect, and is also considered an inventor of the integrated circuit. In 1969, Kilby was awarded the National Medal of Science, and in 1982 he

2580-564: The international Society of Exploration Geophysicists in Tulsa, OK). Born in Whitefield , England , in 1900, Green and his family migrated to Toronto, Ontario , Canada and San Francisco , United States , where he witnessed the 1906 San Francisco earthquake . The family moved to Vancouver, British Columbia , Canada, where Green attended UBC for two years before transferring to the Massachusetts Institute of Technology , earning both

2640-441: The manufacturing arm of AT&T, for US$ 25,000, beginning production by the end of the year. Haggerty brought Gordon Teal to the company due to his expertise in growing semiconductor crystals while at Bell Telephone Laboratories . Teal's first assignment was to direct TI's research laboratory. At the end of 1952, Texas Instruments announced that it had expanded to 2,000 employees and $ 17 million in sales. Among his new hires

2700-600: The market and selling its product line to Acer in 1998. TI entered the defense electronics market in 1942 with submarine detection equipment, based on the seismic exploration technology previously developed for the oil industry. The division responsible for these products was known at different times as the Laboratory & Manufacturing Division, the Apparatus Division, the Equipment Group, and

2760-473: The military microwave integrated circuit program was initiated—a joint effort with Raytheon. In 1961, TI won the guidance and control system contract for the defense suppression AGM-45 Shrike antiradiation missile . This led later to the prime on the high-speed antiradiation missile (AGM-88 HARM) development contract in 1974 and production in 1981. In 1964, TI began development of the first laser guidance system for precision-guided munitions , leading to

2820-582: The name Sensata Technologies. In 1997, TI sold its software division, along with its main products such as the CA Gen , to Sterling Software , which is now part of Computer Associates . However, TI still owns small pieces of software, such as the software for calculators such as the TI Interactive! . TI also creates a significant amount of target software for its digital signal processors, along with host-based tools for creating DSP applications. For

2880-485: The natural language menu system NLMenu. TI was a major original-equipment manufacturer of sensor , control, protection, and RFID products for the automotive, appliance, aircraft, and other industries. The Sensors & Controls division was headquartered in Attleboro, Massachusetts . By the mid-1980s, industrial computers known as PLC's (programmable logic controllers) were separated from Sensors & Controls as

2940-608: The other a bedside alarm. From this sprang what became the Time Products Division, which made LED watches. Though these LED watches enjoyed early commercial success due to excellent quality, it was short-lived due to poor battery life. LEDs were replaced with LCD watches for a short time, but these could not compete because of styling issues, excessive makes and models, and price points. The watches were manufactured in Dallas and then Lubbock, Texas . Several spin-offs of

3000-422: The petroleum industry. In 1939, the company reorganized as Coronado Corp, an oil company with Geophysical Service Inc (GSI), now as a subsidiary. On December 6, 1941, McDermott along with three other GSI employees, J. Erik Jonsson, Cecil H. Green, and H. B. Peacock purchased GSI. During World War II, GSI expanded its services to include electronics for the U.S. Army , Army Signal Corps , and U.S. Navy . In 1951,

3060-430: The xxxxx part seems to be common between both CDxxxxx and CMxxxxx chips (but NOT VMxxxxx chips), so no chip of either series will have a common xxxxx number. Texas Instruments 32°54′40″N 96°45′08″W  /  32.9110°N 96.7523°W  / 32.9110; -96.7523 Texas Instruments Incorporated ( TI ) is an American multinational semiconductor company headquartered in Dallas, Texas . It

SECTION 50

#1732802179681

3120-418: Was Willis Adcock , who joined TI early in 1953. Adcock, who like Teal was a physical chemist , began leading a small research group focused on the task of fabricating grown-junction, silicon , single-crystal, small-signal transistors. Adcock later became the first TI Principal Fellow. In January 1954, Morris Tanenbaum at Bell Telephone Laboratories created the first workable silicon transistor. This work

3180-706: Was active in the area of artificial intelligence in the 1980s. In addition to ongoing developments in speech and signal processing and recognition, it developed and sold the Explorer computer family of Lisp machines . For the Explorer, a special 32-bit Lisp microprocessor was developed, which was used in the Explorer II and the TI MicroExplorer (a Lisp Machine on a NuBus board for the Apple Macintosh ). AI application software developed by TI for

3240-458: Was eliminated on F-4Ds and later models. In 1956, TI began research on infrared technology that led to several line scanner contracts and with the addition of a second scan mirror the invention of the first forward looking infrared (FLIR) in 1963 with production beginning in 1966. In 1972, TI invented the common module FLIR concept, greatly reducing cost and allowing reuse of common components. TI went on to produce side-looking radar systems,

3300-513: Was founded in 1979. Green College merged with Templeton College in 2008 to become Green Templeton College , on the site of what was previously Green College. Some of Green's philanthropy at the University of British Columbia (UBC) was encouraged by William Carleton Gibson , a neurologist in Victoria, British Columbia , Canada . Both Gibson and Green referred to Gibson as "Cecil Green's most expensive friend" due to his encouragement to fund

3360-487: Was given to education and medicine. He was given an honorary knighthood in 1991 (at age 91) by Queen Elizabeth II . One gift was the founding of the Cecil H. and Ida M. Green branch of the University of California Systemwide Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics (IGPP). This branch is located at the Scripps Institution of Oceanography . It was because of Green's gift that Green College, Oxford

3420-529: Was hired as general manager of the Laboratory and Manufacturing (L&M) division, which focused on electronic equipment. By 1951, the L&;M division, with its defense contracts, was growing faster than GSI's geophysical division. The company was reorganized and initially renamed General Instruments Inc. Because a firm named General Instrument already existed, the company was renamed Texas Instruments that same year. From 1956 to 1961, Fred Agnich of Dallas, later

3480-559: Was inducted into the National Inventor's Hall of Fame. Kilby also won the 2000 Nobel Prize in Physics for his part of the invention of the integrated circuit. Noyce's chip, made at Fairchild, was made of silicon, while Kilby's chip was made of germanium . In 2008, TI named its new development laboratory "Kilby Labs" after Jack Kilby. The 7400 series of transistor-transistor logic chips, developed by Texas Instruments in

3540-687: Was reported in the spring of 1954, at the IRE off-the-record conference on solid-state devices, and was later published in the Journal of Applied Physics . Working independently in April 1954, Gordon Teal at TI created the first commercial silicon transistor and tested it on April 14, 1954. On May 10, 1954, at the Institute of Radio Engineers National Conference on Airborne Electronics in Dayton, Ohio, Teal presented

3600-446: Was vice president (1941–1951), president (1951–1955) and chairman of GSI (1955–1959). He was vice president and a director of Texas Instruments and in 1976 was named an honorary director of the company. He was elected a Fellow of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences in 1970. In 1978, he was given the inaugural Maurice Ewing Medal of the Society of Exploration Geophysicists, its highest award. In 1979 Green and his wife were awarded

#680319