100-682: TCN is the flagship television station of the Nine Network in Australia . The station is currently located at 1 Denison Street, North Sydney . The licence, issued to a company named Television Corporation Ltd headed by Sir Frank Packer , was one of the first four licences (two in Sydney, two in Melbourne) to be issued for commercial television stations in Australia. TCN-9 is the home of
200-552: A 16:9 aspect ratio. HDTV cannot be transmitted over analog television channels because of channel capacity issues. SDTV, by comparison, may use one of several different formats taking the form of various aspect ratios depending on the technology used in the country of broadcast. NTSC can deliver a 640 × 480 resolution in 4:3 and 854 × 480 in 16:9 , while PAL can give 768 × 576 in 4:3 and 1024 × 576 in 16:9 . However, broadcasters may choose to reduce these resolutions to reduce bit rate (e.g., many DVB-T channels in
300-502: A 1990 FIFA World Cup broadcast in March 1990. An American company, General Instrument , also demonstrated the feasibility of a digital television signal in 1990. This led to the FCC being persuaded to delay its decision on an advanced television (ATV) standard until a digitally based standard could be developed. When it became evident that a digital standard might be achieved in March 1990,
400-402: A scattering effect as the digital processing dithers and is unable to consistently allocate a value of either absolute black or the next step up the greyscale. Changes in signal reception from factors such as degrading antenna connections or changing weather conditions may gradually reduce the quality of analog TV. The nature of digital TV results in a perfectly decodable video initially, until
500-649: A standard-definition television (SDTV) signal, and over 1 Gbit/s for high-definition television (HDTV). In the mid-1980s, Toshiba released a television set with digital capabilities, using integrated circuit chips such as a microprocessor to convert analog television broadcast signals to digital video signals, enabling features such as freezing pictures and showing two channels at once . In 1986, Sony and NEC Home Electronics announced their own similar TV sets with digital video capabilities. However, they still relied on analog TV broadcast signals, with true digital TV broadcasts not yet being available at
600-429: A subwoofer bass channel, producing broadcasts similar in quality to movie theaters and DVDs. Digital TV signals require less transmission power than analog TV signals to be broadcast and received satisfactorily. DTV images have some picture defects that are not present on analog television or motion picture cinema, because of present-day limitations of bit rate and compression algorithms such as MPEG-2 . This defect
700-540: A TV set in the following year. The digital television transition, migration to high-definition television receivers and the replacement of CRTs with flat screens are all factors in the increasing number of discarded analog CRT-based television receivers. In 2009, an estimated 99 million analog TV receivers were sitting unused in homes in the US alone and, while some obsolete receivers are being retrofitted with converters, many more are simply dumped in landfills where they represent
800-558: A continuing run of poor ratings, Ferguson was demoted to his former role as weekend news presenter, with Peter Overton taking over as news presenter on weeknights. Later in the year, Ferguson was removed from the presenting duties on the Sydney bulletins after announcing his decision to move to the Seven Network , but he didn't move to Seven until he trialled the hosting duties on Nine's Afternoon News only appearing on-air up until his departure on 25 September 2009. Deborah Knight
900-713: A digital subchannel, while KAZA-TV alongside KHTV-CD, KPOM-CD, and KSFV-CD in Los Angeles carries MeTV, MeTV Plus, Catchy Comedy, Story Television, and Heroes & Icons, while WJLP and WZME in New York City carry MeTV and MeTV Plus, with KAXT-CD and KTLN-TV in San Francisco carries Catchy Comedy and Heroes & Icons. Heartland, Retro TV and Rev'n are all based in Chattanooga, Tennessee , the home base of WOOT-LD and common owner Get After It Media . NEWSnet
1000-528: A flagship station, as Clay Travis is based in Nashville. WWRL in New York City was an affiliate of the now-defunct Air America Radio and carries some of its programs (along with those from other distributors) but is separately owned and operated and does not produce any programs for the network. Originally, Air America Radio leased WLIB (also in New York City) as its flagship station; the station
1100-697: A fully owned broadcast building in Metro Manila, thus giving the Manila station equal flagship. In the United States, the term "flagship station" may also be used in the broadcasting industry to refer to a station which is co-located with the headquarters of its station group and considered the company's most important station (such a station may or may not be affiliated with one of the major networks). For example, WDIV-TV in Detroit, affiliated with NBC,
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#17327874456081200-415: A local cable broadcaster to distribute preseason and team programming. An anti-siphoning policy is also used by the league in order for local stations to bid for all games not on broadcast television for over-the-air distribution when local teams play. Most of the league's teams partner with a local station or regional network of stations, which distributes team programming and weekly analysis shows featuring
1300-436: A more efficient means of converting filmed programming into digital formats. For their part, the consumer electronics industry and broadcasters argued that interlaced scanning was the only technology that could transmit the highest quality pictures then (and currently) feasible, i.e., 1,080 lines per picture and 1,920 pixels per line. Broadcasters also favored interlaced scanning because their vast archive of interlaced programming
1400-719: A secondary system to the main CTV network, maintains its eastern flagship in Barrie (which is on the northwestern fringe of the Toronto market) and West Coast flagship in Victoria (which is on the southwestern fringe of the Vancouver market). CIII-DT-41 had always been considered the flagship station of Global in Toronto despite being a technical satellite station of CIII-DT, which is licensed to Paris, Ontario . However, since July 2009,
1500-454: A similar model: flagship stations WOR in New York City (which it acquired in 2012) and KFI in Los Angeles are both operated mostly separately from its syndication wing, Premiere Networks (Premiere does produce some limited programming, including The Jesus Christ Show , The Tech Guy and Handel on the Law , through KFI). Premiere's The Clay Travis and Buck Sexton Show uses WLAC as
1600-467: A single HDTV feed or multiple lower-resolution feeds is often referred to as distributing one's bit budget or multicasting. This can sometimes be arranged automatically, using a statistical multiplexer . With some implementations, image resolution may be less directly limited by bandwidth; for example in DVB-T , broadcasters can choose from several different modulation schemes, giving them the option to reduce
1700-410: A single frame often results in black boxes in several subsequent frames, making viewing difficult. For remote locations, distant channels that, as analog signals, were previously usable in a snowy and degraded state may, as digital signals, be perfectly decodable or may become completely unavailable. The use of higher frequencies add to these problems, especially in cases where a clear line-of-sight from
1800-400: A standard-definition (SDTV) digital signal instead of an HDTV signal, because current convention allows the bandwidth of a DTV channel (or " multiplex ") to be subdivided into multiple digital subchannels , (similar to what most FM radio stations offer with HD Radio ), providing multiple feeds of entirely different television programming on the same channel. This ability to provide either
1900-858: A team's head coach , with those stations allowed to market as a team's 'official station', often tied into preseason and often pay-television games (which are syndicated to primary market stations under the league's anti-siphoning policy). In a lesser arrangement, Major League Baseball teams often name a local broadcast station their official weather forecasting partner and allow them to market as such. Canadian network flagship locations vary by language. Most English-language networks eastern flagships are located in Toronto , French-language eastern flagships are located in Montreal , and West Coast flagships (regardless of language) are located in Vancouver . CTV 2 , being
2000-502: A terrestrial transmitter in range of their antenna. Other delivery methods include digital cable and digital satellite . In some countries where transmissions of TV signals are normally achieved by microwaves , digital multichannel multipoint distribution service is used. Other standards, such as digital multimedia broadcasting (DMB) and digital video broadcasting - handheld (DVB-H), have been devised to allow handheld devices such as mobile phones to receive TV signals. Another way
2100-512: Is Internet Protocol television (IPTV), which is the delivery of TV over a computer network. Finally, an alternative way is to receive digital TV signals via the open Internet ( Internet television ), whether from a central streaming service or a P2P (peer-to-peer) system. Some signals are protected by encryption and backed up with the force of law under the WIPO Copyright Treaty and national legislation implementing it, such as
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#17327874456082200-440: Is a crucial regulatory tool for controlling the placement and power levels of stations. Digital TV is more tolerant of interference than analog TV. People can interact with a DTV system in various ways. One can, for example, browse the electronic program guide . Modern DTV systems sometimes use a return path providing feedback from the end user to the broadcaster. This is possible over cable TV or through an Internet connection but
2300-819: Is based in Cadillac, Michigan . True Crime Network and Quest are all based in Atlanta, Georgia . Comet, Charge!, TBD, and The Nest are all based in Baltimore, Maryland . Circle is based in Nashville, Tennessee . The Dallas station for TBN is listed as the network is based in Fort Worth . While the Virginia-based Public Broadcasting Service in the United States does not have an official "flagship" television station, WNET in
2400-957: Is flagshipped at KZOY in Sioux Falls, South Dakota , with much of its programming voicetracked from WGWE in Little Valley, New York . Former flagship stations for now-defunct networks in American radio's "Big Four" era of the 1940s–1980s were: In Canada, current CBC / Radio-Canada flagships are CBLA-FM (99.1) in Toronto , which broadcasts in English, and CBF-FM (95.1) in Montréal , which broadcasts in French. Both are former AM clear channel operations which have moved to FM. Former flagship stations for now-defunct networks were: While CJBC remains on-air on its original frequency, it
2500-572: Is flagshipped at WSM-FM in the same city. MeTV FM , a classic oldies / soft rock network, is flagshipped at WRME-LD in Chicago , the home base of its owner, television broadcaster Weigel Broadcasting . The Satellite Music Network networks were flagshipped at a cluster of stations in the Dallas-Fort Worth Metroplex during their existence; KMEO , for example, served as the flagship for Unforgettable Favorites . CloudCast
2600-494: Is listed for NBC because its parent company Comcast is headquartered here. Meanwhile, Miami stations are also listed for Univision, Telemundo and UniMás (formerly TeleFutura) due to their operations being major production bases for those networks. The Miami area station for Ion Television is also listed due to their parent company being based out of West Palm Beach ; however none of the Ion stations listed originate programming for
2700-726: Is located in a suburb of that city. However, Cox owns WFXT in Boston, which is larger than Atlanta. The same can be said for TEGNA who lists three of its properties as its flagship stations ( WXIA-TV in Atlanta, WUSA in Washington, D.C., and KUSA in Denver) , but also owns WFAA in Dallas , which is larger than Atlanta, Washington, D.C., and Denver in terms of Media market . Likewise, prior to merging with Gannett in 2013, WFAA served as
2800-542: Is nominally flagshipped at WFAN (although that station does not produce programming for the network). ESPN Radio has no true flagship station, as it operates out of ESPN headquarters in Bristol, Connecticut ; Windsor Locks -licensed WUCS (owned by iHeartMedia) serves as its de facto flagship, serving ESPN's home market of Hartford . Nash FM , a country music network, is nominally flagshipped at WKDF in Nashville, Tennessee ; its classic-leaning counterpart Nash Icon
2900-498: Is not possible with a standard antenna alone. Some of these systems support video on demand using a communication channel localized to a neighborhood rather than a city (terrestrial) or an even larger area (satellite). 1seg (1-segment) is a special form of ISDB . Each channel is further divided into 13 segments. Twelve are allocated for HDTV and the other for narrow-band receivers such as mobile televisions and cell phones . DTV has several advantages over analog television ,
3000-634: Is not readily compatible with a progressive format. DirecTV in the US launched the first commercial digital satellite platform in May 1994, using the Digital Satellite System (DSS) standard. Digital cable broadcasts were tested and launched in the US in 1996 by TCI and Time Warner . The first digital terrestrial platform was launched in November 1998 as ONdigital in the UK, using
3100-552: Is now an owned-and-operated station of the French-language Radio-Canada network. The CKO network's Toronto frequency was re-issued to CBL (as CBLA-FM 99.1) but the namesake CKO (AM) flagship in Montréal is silent; the frequency remains vacant. For syndicated radio programs, it refers to the originating station from which a program is fed by satellite or other means to stations nationwide, although
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3200-407: Is owned collectively by the local PBS member stations. A station's importance to the system is built as much or more on the programming it produces for national distribution (a metric which places WNET as a strong third-place contender behind WGBH in Boston and WETA in Washington, D.C.) instead of local media market size. The jointly-owned KCET and KOCE are the primary and secondary PBS stations in
3300-448: Is presented by James Bracey on Sunday to Thursday nights and Roz Kelly on Friday and Saturday nights. Amber Sherlock presents the weather on Sunday to Thursday nights and Belinda Russell on Friday and Saturday nights. Jayne Azzopardi and Mark Burrows are regular fill-in presenters. Brian Henderson was Nine's Sydney news presenter for a record 45 years - including 38 years presenting on weeknights. Retiring in November 2002, Henderson
3400-411: Is seen the calls of CBS's KCBS (AM) being based in their original city of San Francisco instead of Los Angeles (the use of KCBS-TV in Los Angeles only dates back to 1984), while KNBR (which was subsequently sold to another party by NBC in 1987) was formerly known as KNBC before the network moved those calls to KRCA-TV in Los Angeles in 1962. ABC, CBS and NBC are headquartered in New York City, which
3500-507: Is sometimes referred to as mosquito noise . Because of the way the human visual system works, defects in an image that are localized to particular features of the image or that come and go are more perceptible than defects that are uniform and constant. However, the DTV system is designed to take advantage of other limitations of the human visual system to help mask these flaws, e.g., by allowing more compression artifacts during fast motion where
3600-444: Is the broadcast station which originates a television network , or a particular radio or television program that plays a key role in the branding of and consumer loyalty to a network or station. This includes both direct network feeds and broadcast syndication , but generally not backhauls . Not all networks or shows have a flagship station, as some originate from a dedicated radio or television studio . The term derives from
3700-483: Is the flagship station of Graham Media Group ; and WGN-TV in Chicago was the flagship station of Tribune Broadcasting until it was purchased by Nexstar Media Group in 2019. In essence, a flagship can be located in the market where the station's owner is headquartered, or in the largest market where that owner operates. For example, WSB-TV in Atlanta is the flagship of Cox Media Group , because Cox's headquarters
3800-496: Is the format used in computers, scans lines in sequences, from top to bottom. The computer industry argued that progressive scanning is superior because it does not flicker in the manner of interlaced scanning. It also argued that progressive scanning enables easier connections with the Internet and is more cheaply converted to interlaced formats than vice versa. The film industry also supported progressive scanning because it offers
3900-556: Is the largest television market in the U.S., so their respective radio and television stations in that market are considered the overall network flagship stations. As programming schedules increased and modern technology improved transmission to affiliates, the networks set up operations centers in New York City (for the East Coast feed) and Los Angeles (for the West Coast feed). Los Angeles is the second largest television market in
4000-810: Is the radio flagship station of the Baltimore Orioles baseball team, which feeds Orioles' games to 20 stations in Maryland and adjacent states. A flagship television station is the principal privately owned television station of a television network in the United States, Canada, Brazil, Japan, Mexico, Australia and the Philippines. In the late 1920s, network owned-and-operated stations (or "O&O") for radio in New York City began producing live entertainment and news programs, fed by telephone lines to affiliates. These eventually were dubbed flagship stations. When television networks were formed in
4100-588: Is used in the Netflix VMAF video quality monitoring system. Quantising effects can create contours—rather than smooth gradations—on areas with small graduations in amplitude. Typically, a very flat scene, such as a cloudless sky, will exhibit visible steps across its expanse, often appearing as concentric circles or ellipses. This is known as color banding . Similar effects can be seen in very dark scenes, where true black backgrounds are overlaid by dark gray areas. These transitions may be smooth, or may show
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4200-552: The CRTC has considered CIII-DT-41 "the originating station" of Global Ontario. The secondary French-language networks TVA and Noovo are not carried terrestrially in Western Canada, although they are usually available on pay television . Networks/systems with only one flagship station As of 2017, Mexico's national networks hold a nationwide virtual channel , thus all of the flagship stations mentioned below in most of
4300-780: The DVB-T standard. Digital television supports many different picture formats defined by the broadcast television systems which are a combination of size and aspect ratio (width to height ratio). With digital terrestrial television (DTT) broadcasting, the range of formats can be broadly divided into two categories: high-definition television (HDTV) for the transmission of high-definition video and standard-definition television (SDTV). These terms by themselves are not very precise and many subtle intermediate cases exist. One of several different HDTV formats that can be transmitted over DTV is: 1280 × 720 pixels in progressive scan mode (abbreviated 720p ) or 1920 × 1080 pixels in interlaced video mode ( 1080i ). Each of these uses
4400-503: The NRL coverage and national-level Nine News bulletins. TCN began broadcasting on 16 September 1956, and became the first television station in Australia to begin regular transmissions. Test broadcasts, initially consisting of a test slide and later documentaries and dramas, had commenced two months earlier on 13 July 1956. The first TV tower was built there at 24 Artarmon Rd, Willoughby, in 1956 and rose 171 m (561 ft) in height, but
4500-756: The National Hockey League and the National Basketball Association . This trend is reversing in the 2020's. KJZZ (Utah Jazz) and KTVK (Phoenix Suns) are flagship stations in the NBA, as both teams have contracts with station groups (Sinclair in Utah and Gray in Phoenix). The National Football League has a different structure, as all games require over-the-air broadcast and the league and teams are generally loath to use only
4600-472: The Nine Network , although only the Sydney and Melbourne stations were owned by the Packer-controlled company Nine Network Limited . On Sir Frank Packer's death in 1974 ownership of Nine Network passed to his younger son Kerry Packer . Kerry's older brother Clyde Packer had been groomed to take over from their father but after a bitter split with his father ca. 1972 he relinquished his role in
4700-473: The FCC took several important actions. First, the Commission declared that the new TV standard must be more than an enhanced analog signal , but be able to provide a genuine HDTV signal with at least twice the resolution of existing television images. Then, to ensure that viewers who did not wish to buy a new digital television set could continue to receive conventional television broadcasts, it dictated that
4800-454: The FCC's final standard. This outcome resulted from a dispute between the consumer electronics industry (joined by some broadcasters) and the computer industry (joined by the film industry and some public interest groups) over which of the two scanning processes— interlaced or progressive —is superior. Interlaced scanning, which is used in televisions worldwide, scans even-numbered lines first, then odd-numbered ones. Progressive scanning, which
4900-453: The Los Angeles market respectively, while KLCS is a tertiary PBS station. In sports broadcasting, the flagship television station is the sports team's primary station in the team's home market that produces NFL preseason telecasts, along with in-season surrounding programming such as team, coach's, and pre-game/post-game shows and feeds them to affiliates. For example, WJBK in Detroit is
5000-509: The New York City area held an official primary role with PBS predecessor, National Educational Television (NET). There cannot be any owned-and-operated stations within the Public Broadcasting Service; individual PBS stations are typically owned by local non-profit groups (such as WPBS-TV ), universities (such as KPBS ) or state-level entities as part of a state network (such as KETA-TV and WGTV ). The system itself
5100-523: The Sydney and Melbourne stations to Alan Bond 's Bond Media for $ 1.055 billion, including $ 200 million in shares of Bond Media. Bond already owned the Perth and Brisbane Nine affiliate stations (among others). In 1990, Bond Media's inability to pay out preference shares to Packer forced Nine into receivership. In July 1990, Packer bought back the expanded Nine Network (Sydney, Melbourne and Brisbane) for only $ 200 million, one-fifth of what he sold it for. Perth
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#17327874456085200-650: The U.S., and traditional home to the motion picture industry and its pool of popular talent, one of the reasons the radio networks set up operations there in the 1930s and 1940s (just as the medium of television was starting to take off). This arrangement is reversed for the Fox Broadcasting Company . When Fox was launched in 1986, its network operations center was (and still is) based in Los Angeles. However, Fox's parent company, Fox Corporation (which spun off its broadcasting properties in July 2013 into
5300-646: The UK use a horizontal resolution of 544 or 704 pixels per line). Each commercial broadcasting terrestrial television DTV channel in North America is allocated enough bandwidth to broadcast up to 19 megabits per second. However, the broadcaster does not need to use this entire bandwidth for just one broadcast channel. Instead, the broadcast can use Program and System Information Protocol and subdivide across several video subchannels (a.k.a. feeds) of varying quality and compression rates, including non-video datacasting services. A broadcaster may opt to use
5400-594: The US Digital Millennium Copyright Act . Access to encrypted channels can be controlled by a removable card, for example via the Common Interface or CableCard . Digital television signals must not interfere with each other and they must also coexist with analog television until it is phased out. The following table gives allowable signal-to-noise and signal-to-interference ratios for various interference scenarios. This table
5500-504: The United States in the late 1940s and grew during the early 1950s, network-owned stations in New York City became the production centers for programs originating on the East Coast, feeding affiliates of ABC , CBS , and NBC in the eastern three-fourths of the country. Stations in Los Angeles similarly started producing programs on the West Coast, feeding affiliates in the Pacific Time Zone , Alaska and Hawaii . Consequently,
5600-592: The affiliation across most of the former WB affiliates they owned at the time. Nexstar Media Group then bought Tribune in 2019; however, it had to sell off WPIX to the E. W. Scripps Company to prevent breaching the required market ownership cap set by the FCC for each broadcaster. Two years after WPIX returned to Nexstar control through partner company Mission Broadcasting , the Irving, Texas-based media firm announced that it would buy 75% of CW's shares in August 2022. With
5700-675: The company and subsequently moved to the USA. On 2 March 1981 [1] , the station began broadcasting at the Kingsgate Hyatt Tower (now Elan Building) on UHF channel 49, later moving to UHF channel 52 in February 1983 [2] to allow for ABC and SBS to set up transmitters there. This transmitter was installed to cover areas of central Sydney where reception is affected by the ghosting caused by the high-rise buildings in Sydney's central business district. In January 1987, Kerry Packer sold
5800-657: The country are on the same channel on the rest of the stations in each network with some exceptions along the American, Guatemalan and Belizean border areas. Source: Notes The total number of stations is including the three stations listed in the table. Among the subkey stations, the four major networks are wide area stations.TXN network member stations (Osaka and Aichi) are prefectural area broadcasts. There are 13 independent stations in Japan. Note Sonshine's main headquarters are in Davao City, but also has
5900-414: The digital signals. In the United States, a government-sponsored coupon was available to offset the cost of an external converter box. The digital television transition began around the late 1990s and has been completed on a country-by-country basis in most parts of the world. Prior to the conversion to digital TV, analog television broadcast audio for TV channels on a separate FM carrier signal from
6000-458: The earlier analog television technology which used analog signals . At the time of its development it was considered an innovative advancement and represented the first significant evolution in television technology since color television in the 1950s. Modern digital television is transmitted in high-definition television (HDTV) with greater resolution than analog TV. It typically uses a widescreen aspect ratio (commonly 16:9 ) in contrast to
6100-525: The early 1990s. In the mid-1980s, as Japanese consumer electronics firms forged ahead with the development of HDTV technology, and as the MUSE analog format was proposed by Japan's public broadcaster NHK as a worldwide standard. Japanese advancements were seen as pacesetters that threatened to eclipse US electronics companies. Until June 1990, the Japanese MUSE standard—based on an analog system—was
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#17327874456086200-482: The eye cannot track and resolve them as easily and, conversely, minimizing artifacts in still backgrounds that, because time allows, may be closely examined in a scene. Broadcast, cable, satellite and Internet DTV operators control the picture quality of television signal encoders using sophisticated, neuroscience-based algorithms, such as the structural similarity index measure (SSIM) video quality measurement tool. Another tool called visual information fidelity (VIF),
6300-578: The flagship station for Belo , as its headquarters were located in Dallas. KDKA-TV in Pittsburgh served as the flagship station for New York City-based Westinghouse Broadcasting for decades as its parent company was Pittsburgh-based Westinghouse Electric Corporation ; ironically, KDKA-TV lost its flagship status due to Westinghouse acquiring CBS, as opposed to another company acquiring Westinghouse. The same also can be said for Nexstar listed two of
6400-633: The flagship station of the Detroit Lions Television Network , which feeds Detroit Lions pre-season football games to six stations in Michigan. However, the "sports flagship television station" is rapidly becoming a thing of the past, with the growing popularity of cable- and satellite-exclusive regional sports networks such as Fox Sports Networks and NBC Sports Regional Networks , which hold exclusive broadcast rights to several teams in their market for Major League Baseball ,
6500-586: The flagship stations of the group. The term is also used for stations that operate satellite stations in other cities. For example, KSNW in Wichita, Kansas is the flagship station of the Kansas State Network, a chain of NBC affiliates serving western and central Kansas as well as border areas of Nebraska. Digital television Digital television ( DTV ) is the transmission of television signals using digital encoding, in contrast to
6600-475: The front-runner among the more than 23 different technical concepts under consideration. Between 1988 and 1991, several European organizations were working on DCT -based digital video coding standards for both SDTV and HDTV. The EU 256 project by the CMTT and ETSI , along with research by Italian broadcaster RAI , developed a DCT video codec that broadcast SDTV at 34 Mbit/s and near-studio-quality HDTV at about 70–140 Mbit/s . RAI demonstrated this with
6700-425: The image and sound, although the program material may still be watchable. With digital television, because of the cliff effect , reception of the digital signal must be very nearly complete; otherwise, neither audio nor video will be usable. Analog TV began with monophonic sound and later developed multichannel television sound with two independent audio signal channels. DTV allows up to 5 audio signal channels plus
6800-479: The local owned-and-operated or affiliated stations in the same city are now separate and may come under different corporate entities. In the U.S., CBS News Radio produces programming for distribution by Skyview Networks, but local stations WCBS and WINS in New York City and KNX (and formerly KFWB ) in Los Angeles are operated separately from the network radio news operation, under a separate company with common shareholders, Audacy, Inc. iHeartMedia follows
6900-488: The most significant being that digital channels take up less bandwidth and the bandwidth allocations are flexible depending on the level of compression and resolution of the transmitted image. This means that digital broadcasters can provide more digital channels in the same space, provide high-definition television service, or provide other non-television services such as multimedia or interactivity. DTV also permits special services such as multiplexing (more than one program on
7000-418: The narrower format ( 4:3 ) of analog TV. It makes more economical use of scarce radio spectrum space; it can transmit up to seven channels in the same bandwidth as a single analog channel, and provides many new features that analog television cannot. A transition from analog to digital broadcasting began around 2000. Different digital television broadcasting standards have been adopted in different parts of
7100-441: The national Ion network (whose only original programming is the WNBA games in the summer as the network's schedule is completely automated ). Networks designated for digital subchannels are usually flagshipped at local stations in the home cities of their corporate headquarters. MeTV, MeTV Plus, Catchy Comedy, and Heroes & Icons are owned by Weigel Broadcasting in Chicago ; Weigel-owned WCIU carries each full network feed as
7200-571: The naval custom where the commanding officer of a group of naval ships would fly a distinguishing flag . In common parlance, " flagship " is now used to mean the most important or leading member of a group, hence its various uses in broadcasting. The term flagship station is primarily used in TV and radio in the United States , Canada , and the Philippines (though it is seldomly used), while
7300-482: The network's de facto East Coast and West Coast flagships, respectively, due to CBS owning half of The CW's controlling shares at the time. New York's affiliate WPIX and Los Angeles' affiliate KTLA did not have such status since the network's inception, as Tribune Media (who had a minority stake in The WB) opted not to have any controlling interest with The CW, by selling off its share of The WB; instead, to secure
7400-450: The networks' New York City stations became known as the "East Coast flagships" of their respective networks and the networks' Los Angeles stations became known as the "West Coast flagships". However, before the 1950s, San Francisco was also considered a West Coast flagship market for the networks, with much of the CBS and NBC network's West Coast news programming originating from that city. This
7500-578: The new Nine News Canberra and Southern NSW bulletins. The bulletins were anchored by Vanessa O'Hanlon . In late 2018, It was announced that after 25 years on air, the Nine Network axed and retired The NRL Footy Show , bringing to an end 25 years of live primetime variety from the station. It was also announced to public and then staff, that after 64 years in Willoughby , TCN would move to North Sydney . This move occurred in stages throughout
7600-408: The new ATV standard must be capable of being simulcast on different channels. The new ATV standard also allowed the new DTV signal to be based on entirely new design principles. Although incompatible with the existing NTSC standard, the new DTV standard would be able to incorporate many improvements. A universal standard for scanning formats, aspect ratios, or lines of resolution was not produced by
7700-418: The problem of large numbers of analog receivers being discarded. One superintendent of public works was quoted in 2009 saying; "some of the studies I’ve read in the trade magazines say up to a quarter of American households could be throwing a TV out in the next two years following the regulation change." In Michigan in 2009, one recycler estimated that as many as one household in four would dispose of or recycle
7800-616: The purchase completion announced on October 3, 2022, both WPIX and KTLA formally became flagship stations for the first time. However, as part of the Nexstar agreement, Paramount was given a right with the transaction to disaffiliate all eight of their CW affiliates, which was exercised on May 5, 2023. By the time of the disaffiliations on September 1, Nexstar repatriated The CW affiliations onto their MyNetworkTV affiliates in Philadelphia, San Francisco and Tampa–St. Petersburg, announced
7900-407: The purchase of Detroit station WADL through affiliate company Mission Broadcasting, and signed long-term agreements with Hearst Television , Gray Television Sinclair Broadcast Group , and the E. W. Scripps Company . East Coast flagships are normally in the New York City designated market area (DMA), while the West Coast flagships are located in the Los Angeles area. WCAU in Philadelphia
8000-422: The receiving antenna to the transmitter is not available, because usually higher frequency signals can't pass through obstacles as easily. Television sets with only analog tuners cannot decode digital transmissions. When analog broadcasting over the air ceases, users of sets with analog-only tuners may use other sources of programming (e.g., cable, recorded media) or may purchase set-top converter boxes to tune in
8100-445: The receiving equipment starts picking up interference that overpowers the desired signal or if the signal is too weak to decode. Some equipment will show a garbled picture with significant damage, while other devices may go directly from perfectly decodable video to no video at all or lock up. This phenomenon is known as the digital cliff effect. Block errors may occur when transmission is done with compressed images. A block error in
8200-403: The same channel), electronic program guides and additional languages (spoken or subtitled). The sale of non-television services may provide an additional revenue source to broadcasters. Digital and analog signals react to interference differently. For example, common problems with analog television include ghosting of images, noise from weak signals and other problems that degrade the quality of
8300-486: The second half of 2020. The final broadcast of Sydney’s Nine News from Willoughby, took place on Friday 20 November 2020. The final broadcast from Willoughby was Weekend Today on Saturday 21 November 2020, with Nine News commencing at North Sydney that evening. Weekdays: Weekends: The 9News Sydney is TCN's flagship nightly news bulletin presented by Peter Overton on Monday to Friday nights and Georgie Gardner on Saturday & Sunday nights. Sports news
8400-497: The separate 21st Century Fox , then that company spun off many of its film and cable assets to Disney in 2019), is headquartered in New York City, along with its news division . Fox-owned WNYW in New York City is considered the network's overall flagship, while sister station KTTV in Los Angeles is considered a second flagship station. In 2006, when The WB and UPN merged to form The CW , Philadelphia station WPSG and San Francisco station KBCW (now KPYX) were designated as
8500-483: The show may also originate elsewhere or from a home studio via an ISDN line. Some programs are simulcast on television, while others are simulcasted on XM Satellite Radio and / or Sirius Satellite Radio . Flagship stations of prominent syndicated radio programs currently include: In sports broadcasting, the flagship radio station is the sports team's primary station in the team's home market that produces game broadcasts and feeds them to affiliates. For example, WJZ-FM
8600-646: The station and launched the careers of many Australian performers. In 1957, the station formed an affiliation with Melbourne station HSV-7 , allowing them to share programming. In 1963, station affiliations changed; TCN-9 formed part of the National Television Network with GTV-9 in Melbourne, QTQ-9 in Brisbane and NWS-9 in Adelaide . These stations formed the basis of what is now
8700-867: The stations as flagships, one cited was WYOU-TV in Scranton , which Perry Sook said it was the flagship , the other listed was KDAF-TV in Dallas, which became its flagship after its acquisition of Tribune Media in 2019, the latter partially is located in a suburb of that city and also owns and operates several stations larger than Dallas, such as WPIX-TV in New York , KTLA in Los Angeles , WGN-TV in Chicago and WPHL-TV in Philadelphia . Shortly after its acquisition of Young Broadcasting by Media General in 2013, WRIC-TV in Richmond become one of
8800-555: The term key station ( キー局 , kī kyoku ) is primarily used in TV in Japan (and formerly in the United States). Lotteries Shows Networks Events A flagship radio station is the principal station from which a radio network 's programs are fed to affiliates . In the United States, traditional radio networks currently operate without flagship stations as defined in this article. Network operations and those of
8900-490: The time. A digital TV broadcast service was proposed in 1986 by Nippon Telegraph and Telephone (NTT) and the Ministry of Posts and Telecommunication (MPT) in Japan, where there were plans to develop an "Integrated Network System" service. However, it was not possible to practically implement such a digital TV service until the adoption of motion-compensated DCT video compression formats such as MPEG made it possible in
9000-435: The transmission bit rate and make reception easier for more distant or mobile viewers. There are several different ways to receive digital television. One of the oldest means of receiving DTV (and TV in general) is from terrestrial transmitters using an antenna (known as an aerial in some countries). This delivery method is known as digital terrestrial television (DTT). With DTT, viewers are limited to channels that have
9100-756: The two flagship stations of the Media General group prior to the 2017 acquisition by Nexstar, the other flagship was WFLA in Tampa Bay , which was always the television flagship of the group. The same can even be said for Scripps , which listed WCPO-TV in Cincinnati as the flagship, but also owned Ion Media , which is several times larger than Cincinnati themselves. Even the same can be said for Sinclair Broadcast Group, which listed WBFF-TV in Baltimore and WJLA-TV in Washington, D.C. , listed as
9200-451: The video signal. This FM audio signal could be heard using standard radios equipped with the appropriate tuning circuits. However, after the digital television transition , no portable radio manufacturer has yet developed an alternative method for portable radios to play just the audio signal of digital TV channels; DTV radio is not the same thing. The adoption of a broadcast standard incompatible with existing analog receivers has created
9300-409: The world; below are the more widely used standards: Digital television's roots are tied to the availability of inexpensive, high-performance computers . It was not until the 1990s that digital TV became a real possibility. Digital television was previously not practically feasible due to the impractically high bandwidth requirements of uncompressed video , requiring around 200 Mbit/s for
9400-478: Was appointed as Friday & Saturday night presenter with Peter Overton now also presenting the Sunday night bulletin. In 2011, Nine News Sydney officially overtook Seven News Sydney in the ratings for the first time in seven years, winning 26 weeks to Seven's 14 weeks. Fill-in presenters Flagship (television) In broadcasting , a flagship (also known as a flagship station or key station )
9500-495: Was completely automated and produced no local programming. The network would later lease WZAA in Washington, D.C., as its lone self-operated station. Fox Sports Radio 's flagship station is KLAC in Los Angeles, with which it merged operations in 2009. SB Nation Radio is flagshipped at KGOW in Houston; one of its predecessors, Sporting News Radio , was previously flagshipped at WIDB (now WNTD ) in Chicago. CBS Sports Radio
9600-430: Was heard, Gyngell (who spoke and was seen) is regarded as the first person to "appear" on Australian television. Original footage of Gyngell's opening address is not believed to exist but it was re-created in 1959 to have a representation in the archives (albeit, not the real thing). Other early programming included the 1958 variety music program Bandstand which was launched by Brian Henderson . It lasted for 14 years on
9700-577: Was not included due to Bond selling it to Sunraysia Television before Packer buying back the company. In 1994, Packer's print operations (owned by Australian Consolidated Press ) and the Nine Network were merged into one new company, Publishing and Broadcasting Limited (PBL). On 1 October 1997, TCN-9 performed the first on-air trial of digital broadcasting in the southern hemisphere. TCN commenced digital television transmission on 1 January 2001, broadcasting on VHF Channel 8 while maintaining analogue transmission on VHF Channel 9. The analogue signal for TCN
9800-415: Was replaced by a taller one in 1965 which is the tallest lattice tower in Australia at 233 m (764 ft), and is now operated by TXA Australia which operates another tower nearby at Artarmon. The first words spoken on the station were by John Godson, who introduced the station audio-only, shortly before the first program, This Is Television , was introduced by Bruce Gyngell . As Godson's voice only
9900-424: Was shut off at 9.00am AEDST , Tuesday, 3 December 2013. In 2014 and 2015, TCN produced both Inside Story and The Verdict for the Nine Network, hosted by Leila McKinnon and Karl Stefanovic respectively. The Verdict did not build a solid audience and as expected the program was axed in 2016. In January 2017, following the affiliation formed between Nine and Southern Cross in 2016, the station became home to
10000-500: Was succeeded as weeknight presenter by Jim Waley , who was at the time host of the Sunday program and was one of Nine's most experienced presenters. In January 2005, despite some considerable ratings success, Waley was replaced as weeknight presenter by Mark Ferguson , who was previously the weekend presenter. Ferguson's successor as weekend presenter Mike Munro resigned in 2008 and was replaced by Michael Usher . In 2009, following
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