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43-451: The Great Lakes Central Railroad ( reporting mark GLC ) is an American shortline railroad , operating in the state of Michigan . It was originally called the Tuscola and Saginaw Bay Railway ( reporting mark TSBY ), which was formed on August 26, 1977, to operate over former Penn Central lines from Millington to Munger , and from Vassar to Colling . TSBY's name was derived from

86-695: A 2-digit code indicating the vehicle's register country . The registered keeper of a vehicle is now indicated by a separate Vehicle Keeper Marking (VKM), usually the name of the owning company or an abbreviation thereof, which must be registered with the Intergovernmental Organisation for International Carriage by Rail (OTIF) and the European Union Agency for Railways (ERA) and which is unique throughout Europe and parts of Asia and Northern Africa. The VKM must be between two and five letters in length and can use any of

129-521: A Presbyterian missionary, arrived at the village of Bear River (as it was then called) in 1852. Amos Fox and Hirem Obed Rose were pioneer entrepreneurs who had made money during both the California Gold Rush and at Northport selling lumber and goods to passing ships. Originally based at Northport, in the 1850s Rose and Fox (or Fox & Rose) expanded their business interests to Charlevoix and Petoskey. Rose also earned income as part of

172-696: A business partnership that extended the railroad from Walton Junction to Traverse City. H.O. Rose, along with Archibald Buttars, established a general merchandise business in Petoskey. After the partnership split, Rose relocated to Petoskey and in 1873 built the first dock in the town. When the Grand Rapids and Indiana Railroad was about to be extended into the Bay View area, Rose purchased much land in that area, as well as trolley cars, to enable transport between Petoskey and Bay View. Rose also developed

215-703: A gaming casino in Petoskey. Part of Northern Michigan , Petoskey is on the southeast shore of the Little Traverse Bay of Lake Michigan at the mouth of the Bear River . According to the United States Census Bureau , the city has a total area of 5.29 square miles (13.70 km ), of which 5.09 square miles (13.18 km ) is land and 0.20 square miles (0.52 km ) is water. As of the census of 2010, there were 5,670 people, 2,538 households, and 1,319 families residing in

258-622: A high school, a middle school, and four elementary schools. Additionally, Petoskey Public Schools has a Montessori education building . This climatic region has large seasonal temperature differences, with warm to hot (and often humid) summers and cold (sometimes severely cold) winters. According to the Köppen Climate Classification system, Petoskey has a humid continental climate , abbreviated "Dfb" on climate maps. The city’s proximity to Lake Michigan results in significant seasonal lag, with August and February being

301-464: A hyphen. Some examples: When a vehicle is sold it will not normally be transferred to another register. The Czech railways bought large numbers of coaches from ÖBB. The number remained the same but the VKM changed from A-ÖBB to A-ČD. The UIC introduced a uniform numbering system for their members based on a 12-digit number, largely known as UIC number . The third and fourth digit of the number indicated

344-700: A predecessor of the CNW, from which the UP inherited it. Similarly, during the breakup of Conrail , the long-retired marks of the Pennsylvania Railroad (PRR) and New York Central Railroad (NYC) were temporarily brought back and applied to much of Conrail's fleet to signify which cars and locomotives were to go to CSX (all cars labeled NYC) and which to Norfolk Southern (all cars labeled PRR). Some of these cars still retain their temporary NYC marks. Because of its size, this list has been split into subpages based on

387-814: A small portion of the abandoned CSX Ludington Subdivision in Clare , to serve a local plastics factory. GLC interchanges with Class I railroads Canadian National in Durand and CSX at Howell , and shortlines Huron and Eastern Railway in Durand and Owosso , the Mid-Michigan Railroad in Alma and the Ann Arbor Railroad at Osmer . Reporting mark In North America , the mark, which consists of an alphabetic code of two to four letters,

430-522: Is part of Northern Michigan , and is one of the northernmost cities in Michigan's Lower Peninsula . Petoskey is located on the southern shore of Little Traverse Bay , a bay of Lake Michigan . Petoskey sits directly across the bay from Harbor Springs , another Emmet County city. Petoskey is a popular Midwestern resort town . Petoskey lends its name to the Petoskey stone , a fossilized coral that

473-489: Is stenciled on each piece of equipment, along with a one- to six-digit number. This information is used to uniquely identify every such rail car or locomotive, thus allowing it to be tracked by the railroad it is traveling over, which shares the information with other railroads and customers. In multinational registries, a code indicating the home country may also be included. The Association of American Railroads (AAR) assigns marks to all carriers, under authority granted by

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516-522: Is the state stone of Michigan . The Little Traverse Bay area was long inhabited by indigenous peoples, including the Odawa people . The name Petoskey is said to mean "where the light shines through the clouds" in the language of the Odawa . After the 1836 Treaty of Washington , Odawa Chief Ignatius Petosega (1787–1885) took the opportunity to purchase lands near the Bear River. Petosega's father

559-763: The Saginaw branch between Vassar and Richville, Michigan . In 1981, it purchased 9.5 miles (15.3 km) of the Saginaw branch between Richville and Harger (near Saginaw, Michigan ), from the Grand Trunk Western Railroad . In October 1982, MDOT selected the TSBY to replace the Michigan Interstate Railway as the designated operator on two lines: the Ann Arbor Railroad main line between Ann Arbor and Alma, Michigan , and on

602-557: The U.S. Surface Transportation Board , Transport Canada , and Mexican Government. Railinc , a subsidiary of the AAR, maintains the active reporting marks for the North American rail industry. Under current practice, the first letter must match the initial letter of the railroad name. As it also acts as a Standard Carrier Alpha Code , the reporting mark cannot conflict with codes in use by other nonrail carriers. Marks ending with

645-513: The 26 letters of the Latin alphabet . Diacritical marks may also be used, but they are ignored in data processing (for example, Ö is treated as though it is O ). The VKM is preceded by the code for the country (according to the alphabetical coding system described in Appendix 4 to the 1949 convention and Article 45(4) of the 1968 convention on road traffic), where the vehicle is registered and

688-532: The Grand Trunk Western. Altogether, the TSBY owned 21.5 miles (34.6 km) of track and operated over a further 472.5 miles (760.4 km) at the end of 1984. The contract for the line between Charlevoix and Bay View ended in 1988; the state abandoned the line in 1991. Train ferry service on the northern end of the former Ann Arbor line had ended in 1982, leaving the line out of service beyond Yuma . The Huron and Eastern Railway replaced TSBY as

731-774: The Saginaw branch between Owosso and Swan Creek , near Saginaw, Michigan . MDOT transferred the remainder of the ex-Ann Arbor main line from the Michigan Northern Railway to the TSBY in May 1984. MDOT transferred the remainder of the Michigan Northern's state-owned lines to the TSBY in October 1984: In addition, the previous August TSBY acquired 12 miles (19 km) of the Greenville Subdivision , between Ashley and Middleton , from

774-869: The Tuscola and Saginaw Bay Railway in May 2006. The company was subsequently renamed the Great Lakes Central Railroad. Great Lakes Central Railroad is the largest shortline railroad in the state of Michigan covering 396 miles (637 km) of track. Today the GLC operates former Ann Arbor Railroad track from Ann Arbor to Cadillac , former Pennsylvania Railroad track from Cadillac to Petoskey and Walton to Traverse City , former Chesapeake and Ohio Railway track from Grawn to Williamsburg , former New York Central Railroad track from Owosso to Fergus , and former Grand Trunk Western Railroad track from Ashley to Middleton . The GLC also operates

817-682: The VKM BLS. Example for an "Einheitswagen" delivered in 1957: In the United Kingdom, prior to nationalisation, wagons owned by the major railways were marked with codes of two to four letters, these codes normally being the initials of the railway concerned; for example, wagons of the Great Western Railway were marked "G W"; those of the London, Midland and Scottish Railway were marked "L M S", etc. The codes were agreed between

860-541: The acquiring company discontinues the name or mark of the acquired company, the discontinued mark is referred to as a "fallen flag" railway. Occasionally, long-disused marks are suddenly revived by the companies which now own them. For example, in recent years, the Union Pacific Railroad has begun to use the mark CMO on newly built covered hoppers, gondolas and five-bay coal hoppers. CMO originally belonged to Chicago, St. Paul, Minneapolis and Omaha Railway ,

903-428: The age of 18 living with them, 36.7% were married couples living together, 11.8% had a female householder with no husband present, 3.5% had a male householder with no wife present, and 48.0% were non-families. 39.2% of all households were made up of individuals, and 12.2% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.10 and the average family size was 2.81. The median age in

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946-421: The age of 18 living with them, 39.8% were married couples living together, 11.0% had a female householder with no husband present, and 46.4% were non-families. 39.4% of all households were made up of individuals, and 14.6% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.14 and the average family size was 2.89. In the city, the population was spread out, with 23.0% under

989-460: The age of 18, 9.6% from 18 to 24, 28.5% from 25 to 44, 21.7% from 45 to 64, and 17.3% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 39 years. For every 100 females, there were 85.6 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 81.2 males. The median income for a household in the city was $ 33,657, and the median income for a family was $ 48,168. Males had a median income of $ 35,875 versus $ 25,114 for females. The per capita income for

1032-544: The city was $ 20,259. About 6.6% of families and 12.0% of the population were below the poverty line , including 8.6% of those under age 18 and 8.4% of those age 65 or over. Historically, the Pennsylvania Railroad 's Northern Arrow , the Pere Marquette Railway 's Resort Special and other trains provided passenger traffic to Petoskey and Bay View , Michigan from as far as Chicago , St. Louis , Cincinnati and Detroit but these were discontinued in

1075-405: The city was 39.8 years. 19.4% of residents were under the age of 18; 11.9% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 24.5% were from 25 to 44; 28.1% were from 45 to 64; and 16.1% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the city was 47.3% male and 52.7% female. As of the census of 2000, there were 6,080 people, 2,700 households, and 1,447 families residing in the city. The population density

1118-477: The city. The population density was 1,113.9 inhabitants per square mile (430.1/km ). There were 3,359 housing units at an average density of 659.9 per square mile (254.8/km ). The racial makeup of the city was 91.7% White , 0.7% African American , 4.7% Native American , 0.4% Asian , 0.5% from other races , and 2.1% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.9% of the population. There were 2,538 households, of which 24.3% had children under

1161-479: The designated operator on its original three lines around Vassar in 1991. At the same time, the TSBY sold the 9.5 miles (15.3 km) of the Saginaw branch between Richville and Harger to the Huron and Eastern. The state abandoned the former GR&I main line between Cadillac and Comstock Park in 1991. Also abandoned in 1991 was the Saginaw branch between Chesaning and St. Charles . Federated Railways purchased

1204-1020: The equipment used in these services. This may also apply to commuter rail, for example Metrolink in Southern California uses the reporting mark SCAX because the equipment is owned by the Southern California Regional Rail Authority —which owns the Metrolink system—even though it is operated by Amtrak. This is why the reporting mark for CSX Transportation , which is an operating railroad, is CSXT instead of CSX. Private (non-common carrier) freight car owners in Mexico were issued, up until around 1990, reporting marks ending in two X's, possibly to signify that their cars followed different regulations (such as bans on friction bearing trucks) than their American counterparts and so their viability for interchange service

1247-616: The equivalent of $ 1 million today. Petoskey is noted for a high concentration of ancient fossil coral, now named Petoskey stones , designated as the state stone of Michigan. This city was the northern terminus of the Chicago and West Michigan Railway . With members descended from the numerous bands in northern Michigan, the Little Traverse Bay Band is a federally recognized tribe that has its headquarters at nearby Harbor Springs, Michigan . It also owns and operates

1290-542: The first general store, extensive lime quarries ( Michigan Limestone Company , aka Petoskey Lime Company ; ), building the Arlington Hotel, and lumbering enterprises, and harbor improvements in 1893. He served as first president of the village and officiated at early commemorative public events. Rose's influence on the city was also commemorated by the naming of the H. O. Rose room at the Perry Hotel. In

1333-448: The first letter of the reporting mark: A railway vehicle must be registered in the relevant state's National Vehicle Register (NVR), as part of which process it will be assigned a 12-digit European Vehicle Number (EVN). The EVN schema is essentially the same as that used by the earlier UIC numbering systems for tractive vehicles and wagons , except that it replaces the 2-digit vehicle owner's code (see § Europe 1964 to 2005 ) with

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1376-616: The hottest and coldest months respectively. Petoskey and the surrounding area are notable in 20th-century U.S. literature as the setting of several of the Nick Adams stories written by Ernest Hemingway , who spent his childhood summers on nearby Walloon Lake . They are the setting for certain events in Jeffrey Eugenides ' 2002 novel Middlesex , which also features Detroit and its suburban areas. The movie, Beside Still Waters , directed by co-screenwriter Chris Lowell,

1419-433: The late 19th century, Petoskey was in the region of Northern Michigan where 50,000 passenger pigeon birds were killed daily in massive hunts, leading to their complete extinction in the early 20th century. A state historical marker memorializes these events, including the last great nesting of the passenger pigeons at Crooked Lake in 1878. One hunter was reputed to have personally killed "a million birds" and earned $ 60,000,

1462-664: The late 20th century. The Pere Marquette trains (and later the Chesapeake and Ohio Railway ) used its station , and the Pennsylvania Railroad its own separate station. The last Chesapeake and Ohio (successor to the Pere Marquette) trains were discontinued by 1963, thus ending scheduled passenger train service to Petoskey. Among the many colleges in Michigan includes North Central Michigan College , located in Petoskey. The public school system consists of

1505-592: The letter "X" are assigned to companies or individuals who own railcars, but are not operating railroads; for example, the TTX Company (formerly Trailer Train Company) is named for its original reporting mark of TTX. In another example, the reporting mark for state-funded Amtrak services in California is CDTX (whereas the usual Amtrak mark is AMTK) because the state transportation agency ( Caltrans ) owns

1548-518: The owner of a reporting mark is taken over by another company, the old mark becomes the property of the new company. For example, when the Union Pacific Railroad (mark UP) acquired the Chicago and North Western Railway (mark CNW) in 1995, it retained the CNW mark rather than immediately repaint all acquired equipment. Some companies own several marks that are used to identify different classes of cars, such as boxcars or gondolas. If

1591-405: The owner, or more precisely the keeper of the vehicle. Thus each UIC member got a two-digit owner code . With the introduction of national vehicle registers this code became a country code. Some vehicles had to be renumbered as a consequence. The Swiss company BLS Lötschbergbahn had the owner code 63. When their vehicles were registered, they got numbers with the country code 85 for Switzerland and

1634-462: The railways and registered with the Ministry of Railways , Government of India . Petoskey, Michigan Petoskey ( / p ə ˈ t ɒ s k i / pə- TOSS -kee ) is the largest city and the county seat of Emmet County, Michigan , and is the largest settlement within the county. Petoskey has a population of 5,877 at the 2020 census , up from 5,670 at the 2010 census . Petoskey

1677-762: The railways and registered with the Railway Clearing House . In India, wagons owned by the Indian Railways are marked with codes of two to four letters, these codes normally being the initials of the railway divisions concerned along with the Hindi abbreviation; for example, trains of the Western Railway zone are marked "WR" and "प रे"; those of the Central Railway zone are marked "CR" and "मध्य", etc. The codes are agreed between

1720-584: The three counties it operated in: Tuscola , Saginaw and Bay . The Tuscola and Saginaw Bay Railway was incorporated on April 26, 1977. It operated three lines under contract to the Michigan Department of Transportation (MDOT), succeeding Conrail : the Bay City branch between Millington, Michigan , and Munger, Michigan ; the Caro branch between Vassar, Michigan , and Colling, Michigan ; and

1763-592: Was Antoine Carre , a French Canadian fur trader and his mother was Odawa. By the 1850s, several religious groups had established missions near the Little Traverse Bay. A Mormon offshoot had been based at Beaver Island , the Jesuit missionaries had been based at L'arbor Croche and Michilimackinac , with a Catholic presence in Harbor Springs, then known as "Little Traverse". Andrew Porter,

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1806-479: Was 1,210.9 inhabitants per square mile (467.5/km ). There were 3,342 housing units at an average density of 665.6 per square mile (257.0/km ). The racial makeup of the city was 94.18% White , 0.33% African American , 3.17% Native American , 0.81% Asian , 0.02% Pacific Islander , 0.20% from other races , and 1.30% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.17% of the population. There were 2,700 households, out of which 27.5% had children under

1849-580: Was impaired. This often resulted in five-letter reporting marks, an option not otherwise allowed by the AAR. Companies owning trailers used in trailer-on-flatcar service are assigned marks ending with the letter "Z", and the National Motor Freight Traffic Association , which maintains the list of Standard Carrier Alpha Codes, assigns marks ending in "U" to owners of intermodal containers . The standard ISO 6346 covers identifiers for intermodal containers. When

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