Opposition (10)
67-491: The Threatened Species Protection Act 1995 (TSP Act), is an act of the Parliament of Tasmania that provides the statute relating to conservation of flora and fauna . Its long title is An Act to provide for the protection and management of threatened native flora and fauna and to enable and promote the conservation of native flora and fauna . It received the royal assent on 14 November 1995. As of 25 November 2020,
134-681: A bigger say in operations. In 1991, IUCN (together with UNEP and WWF) published Caring for the Earth , a successor to the World Conservation Strategy. Social aspects of conservation were now integrated in IUCN's work; at the General Assembly in 1994 the IUCN mission was redrafted to its current wording to include the equitable and ecologically use of natural resources. Closer to business: 2000 to present day Since
201-617: A habitat to allow better land management direction. Parliament of Tasmania Crossbench (11) Opposition (3) Crossbench (8) The Parliament of Tasmania is the bicameral legislature of the Australian state of Tasmania . It follows a Westminster-derived parliamentary system and consists of the governor of Tasmania (as representative of the King ), the Legislative Council (the upper house), and
268-419: A listed species on land that is subject to an interim protection order, land management agreement or conservation covenant. Furthermore, a person may not release or abandon a listed species into the wild. If the listed flora or fauna occurs within a domestic garden, or is encountered whilst a person is acting under a certified forest practices plan, public authority management agreement or dam works in line with
335-630: A multi-year MOU ( Memorandum of understanding ) with WBCSD in December 2015. In 1996, after decades of seeking to address specific business issues, IUCN's Members asked for a comprehensive approach to engaging the business sector. Resolution 1.81 of the IUCN World Conservation Congress held that year "urged IUCN Members and the Director General, based on the need to influence private sector policies in support of
402-653: A new status for NGOs . Resolution 1296, adopted in 1968, granted 'consultative' status to NGOs. IUCN itself was eventually accredited with six UN organizations. IUCN was one of the few environmental organisations formally involved in the preparations of the United Nations Conference on the Human Environment (Stockholm, 1972). The Stockholm Conference eventually led to three new international conventions, with IUCN involved in their drafting and implementation: IUCN entered into an agreement with
469-416: A phase of closer cooperation with WWF, but the close ties between IUCN and WWF were severed in 1985 when WWF decided to take control of its own field projects, which so far had been run by IUCN. Sustainable development and regionalisation: 1985 to present day In 1982, IUCN set up a Conservation for Development Centre within its secretariat. The Centre undertook projects to ensure that nature conservation
536-623: A regional level, and the IUCN offer insight into how it should best be approached. If a region is isolated, and minimal migration of fauna occurs across borders of management, then the region may utilise the Red List criteria in a global context. However, the movement of taxa, particularly fauna, across borders and between regions of different authority, can be a substantial challenge in accurately listing population size, especially when endemic and introduced species and their breeding and non-breeding members are considered. The IUCN recommends that firstly
603-691: A salary during his period in office. To establish a stable financial basis for its work, IUCN participated in setting up the World Wildlife Fund (1961) (now the World Wide Fund for Nature WWF) to work on fundraising to cover part of the operational costs of IUCN. Also in 1961, the IUCN headquarters moved from Belgium to Morges in Switzerland. During the 1960s, IUCN lobbied the UN General Assembly to create
670-529: A self-governing colony. In the following year, 1856, one of the new parliament's first acts was to change the name of the colony from Van Diemen's Land to Tasmania . The Tasmanian House of Assembly is the lower house of the Tasmanian Parliament. There are 35 members, with seven members elected from the five divisions. The divisions are: Bass , Braddon , Denison , Franklin , and Lyons . The Tasmanian House of Assembly electoral divisions share
737-461: A single species sampling approach in Tasmania. This aims to give policy makers and landowners relevant information to manage native species' habitats. This approach to sampling is highly beneficial for invertebrate conservation, as it provides a greater depth of knowledge regarding the habitat and population of a given taxon. The challenge of using assessments with such a focused nature is that with
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#1732782631604804-953: A single-member electoral division . The boundaries of the divisions are reviewed by tribunal every 9 years. Elections are conducted annually on a 6-year periodic cycle; 3 divisions will be up for election in May one year, then 2 divisions in May the following year and so on. As such, each member will normally serve a term of 6 years. The current distribution of seats (updated post 2024 Tasmanian Legislative Council periodic election is: Senate House of Rep. Council Assembly Council Assembly Council Assembly Council Assembly Council Assembly Council Assembly Assembly Assembly 42°53′07″S 147°19′49″E / 42.88528°S 147.33028°E / -42.88528; 147.33028 International Union for Conservation of Nature The International Union for Conservation of Nature ( IUCN )
871-534: A species is approved for listing on the TSP Act, they are placed in one of five categories depending on how the circumstances of that species' population meet certain thresholds of endangerment: An extant taxon of native flora or fauna may be listed as endangered if it is in danger of extinction because long-term survival is unlikely while the factors causing it to be endangered continue operating." A taxon of native flora or fauna may be listed as endangered because it
938-496: A species' population and risk is assessed within the regional area, and after an initial classification is made, extraneous global factors should be used to adjust the classification if needed. Since Tasmania is an island, with many endemic species of flora and fauna, it is in an advantageous position to adopt the IUCN Red List Framework. The levels of threat on the TSP Act differ from the Red List slightly; where
1005-439: A target of hunting and fishing, and their exposure to both marine and terrestrial impacts. The category of non-vascular flora, largely lichens , is also significantly underrepresented. Similarly to the marine environment, the obscure and hidden nature of non-vascular flora makes them very difficult to sample and obtain accurate population information. There is a lack of expert knowledge for these taxa in Tasmania, and consequently,
1072-579: Is a body provided for by the TSP Act, whose function is to make recommendations to the Minister and Secretary of Primary Industries and Water on the listing and delisting of species. As well as suggesting amendments to the TSP Act and providing expert advice on the management of conservation and threatening processes in Tasmania. The SAC is composed of seven experts from various fields, whose collective expertise must include: vertebrate and invertebrate fauna, vascular and non-vascular flora, taxonomy , and
1139-434: Is an international organization working in the field of nature conservation and sustainable use of natural resources . Founded in 1948, IUCN has become the global authority on the status of the natural world and the measures needed to safeguard it. It is involved in data gathering and analysis , research, field projects, advocacy, and education. IUCN's mission is to "influence, encourage and assist societies throughout
1206-638: Is best known to the wider public for compiling and publishing the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species , which assesses the conservation status of species worldwide. IUCN has a membership of over 1,400 governmental and non-governmental organizations from over 170 countries. Some 16,000 scientists and experts participate in the work of IUCN commissions on a voluntary basis. It employs over 900 full-time staff in more than 50 countries. Its headquarters are in Gland , Switzerland. Every four years, IUCN convenes for
1273-463: Is enabled by removing expert opinion from the final classification of a species, which is done using data analysis to determine extinction risk. The IUCN framework instead uses expert knowledge to inform the process of mapping, listing and conservation, but aims to remove any subjective opinion from the final decision. There are several major challenges faced when applying the IUCN Red List at
1340-414: Is not endangered or vulnerable but is at risk." A taxon of native flora or fauna which is below the level of sub-species and which is narrowly defined owing to its taxonomic position, environmental conditions or geography may be listed only if, in addition to the requirements of this section, there is a special need to conserve it in Tasmania." These levels of threat, along with the assessment processes of
1407-406: Is presumed to be extinct on the ground that no occurrence of the taxon in the wild can be confirmed during the past 50 years." A taxon of native flora or fauna may be listed as vulnerable if it is likely to become an endangered taxon while the factors causing it to be vulnerable continue operating." A taxon of native flora or fauna may be listed as rare if it has a small population in Tasmania that
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#17327826316041474-494: Is that of the Tasmanian tiger ( Thylacine ). Licences and permits can be obtained to take, trade in, keep, move, process, or distribute listed flora or fauna in line with the act, failure to use this licence or permit within the constraints of the TSP Act is an offence. It is an offence under the TSP Act if a person without a licence or permit knowingly takes, keeps, trades in, or processes a listed species, or disturbs in any way
1541-543: Is to expand the global network of national parks and other protected areas and promote good management of such areas. In particular, it focuses on greater protection of the oceans and marine habitats . IUCN has a growing program of partnerships with the corporate sector on a regional, national and international level to promote sustainable use of natural resources. On the national level, IUCN helps governments prepare national biodiversity policies. Internationally, IUCN provides advice to environmental conventions such as
1608-756: The Constitution of Australia regulates its relationship with the Commonwealth. Under the Australian Constitution, Tasmania ceded certain legislative and judicial powers to the Commonwealth, but retained complete independence in all other areas. The leader of the party or coalition with the confidence of the House of Assembly is invited by the governor to form the Government and become the premier of Tasmania . Throughout its history,
1675-612: The Convention on Biological Diversity , CITES , and the Framework Convention on Climate Change . It advises UNESCO on natural world heritage . It has a formally accredited permanent observer mission to the United Nations . IUCN has official relations with the multiple other international bodies. As an organization, IUCN has three components: the member organizations, the six scientific commissions and
1742-795: The House of Assembly (the lower house). Since 1841, the Legislative Council has met in Parliament House, Hobart , with the House of Assembly following suit from its establishment in 1856. The Parliament of Tasmania first met in 1856. The powers of the Parliament are prescribed in the Constitution of Tasmania . Since the Federation of Australia in 1901, Tasmania has been a state of the Commonwealth of Australia , and
1809-790: The World Conservation Strategy (1980). The drafting process, and the discussions with the UN agencies involved, led to an evolution in thinking within IUCN and growing acceptance of the fact that conservation of nature by banning human presence no longer worked. The Strategy was followed in 1982 by the World Charter for Nature , which was adopted by the United Nations General Assembly , after preparation by IUCN. In 1980, IUCN and WWF moved into shared new offices in Gland, Switzerland . This marked
1876-682: The World Conservation Union (1990–2008). IUCN was established on 5 October 1948, in Fontainebleau , France, when representatives of governments and conservation organizations spurred by UNESCO signed a formal act constituting the International Union for the Protection of Nature (IUPN). The initiative to set up the new organisation came from UNESCO and especially from its first director general,
1943-599: The World Wide Fund for Nature and the World Conservation Monitoring Centre . In the past, IUCN has been criticized for placing the interests of nature over those of indigenous peoples. In recent years, its closer relations with the business sector have caused controversy. IUCN was established in 1948. It was initially called the International Union for the Protection of Nature (1948–1956) and has also been formerly known as
2010-452: The 1949 Conference on Protection of Nature Lake Success , US and drafted the first list of gravely endangered species. In the early years of its existence IUCN depended almost entirely on UNESCO funding and was forced to temporarily scale down activities when this ended unexpectedly in 1954. IUCN was successful in engaging prominent scientists and identifying important issues such as the harmful effects of pesticides on wildlife but not many of
2077-612: The Act in the Gazette and newspapers. An Order under the TSP Act may seek to list, delist or alter the status of one or more species. As of 25 November 2020, there have been 22 Threatened Species Protection Orders enacted. The assessment of nominations for the listing or delisting of species under the TSP Act is overseen by the Scientific Advisory Committee (Threatened Species). The Scientific Advisory Committee (SAC)
Threatened Species Protection Act 1995 - Misplaced Pages Continue
2144-563: The British biologist Julian Huxley . At the time of its founding IUCN was the only international organisation focusing on the entire spectrum of nature conservation (an international organisation for the protection of birds, now BirdLife International , had been established in 1922). IUCN (International Union for conservation of Nature) started out with 65 members in Brussels and was closely associated to UNESCO. They jointly organized
2211-466: The Business and Biodiversity Program is the five-year collaboration IUCN started with the energy company Shell International in 2007. IUCN has been involved in minimum energy consumption and zero-carbon construction since 2005 by integrating energy-saving materials, developed by Jean-Luc Sandoz in the footsteps of Julius Natterer . Today, the Business and Biodiversity Programme continues to set
2278-602: The IUCN World Conservation Congress 2016, IUCN Members agreed on a definition of nature-based solutions. Members also called for governments to include nature-based solutions in strategies to combat climate change . Some key dates in the growth and development of IUCN: According to its website, IUCN works on the following themes: business, climate change , economics, ecosystems , environmental law , forest conservation , gender , global policy, marine and polar , protected areas , science and knowledge, social policy , species , water, and world heritage . IUCN works on
2345-487: The IUCN World Conservation Congress where IUCN Members set the global conservation agenda by voting on recommendations and guide the secretariat's work by passing resolutions and the IUCN Programme. IUCN has observer and consultative status at the United Nations , and plays a role in the implementation of several international conventions on nature conservation and biodiversity . It was involved in establishing
2412-563: The Legislative Council was increased from six to 24. Eight members were appointed by the Governor, and 16 were elected by property owners. The new Legislative Council met for the first time in 1852, and by 1854 they had passed the Tasmanian Constitution Act , giving Van Diemen's Land responsible self-government and a new bicameral parliament . Queen Victoria granted Royal assent in 1855 and Van Diemen's Land became
2479-524: The Mission of IUCN, to expand dialogue and productive relationships with the private sector and find new ways to interact with members of the business community". The IUCN Global Business and Biodiversity Program (BBP) was established in 2003 to influence and support private partners in addressing environmental and social issues. In 2004, the first IUCN Private Sector Engagement Strategy was developed (in response to Council Decision C/58/41). Most prominent in
2546-530: The NbS concept in environmental sciences and nature conservation contexts came as international organisations, such as IUCN and the World Bank, searched for solutions to work with ecosystems rather than relying on conventional engineering interventions (such as a seawall ), to adapt to and mitigate climate change effects, while improving sustainable livelihoods and protecting natural ecosystems and biodiversity. At
2613-846: The Red Data Book on the conservation status of species, was first published in 1964. IUCN began to play a part in the development of international treaties and conventions, starting with the African Convention on the Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources . Africa was the focus of many of the early IUCN conservation field projects. IUCN supported the 'Yellowstone model' of protected area management, which severely restricted human presence and activity in order to protect nature. The IUCN also suffered from restricted financing in its early years. For this reason, Tracy Philipps , secretary-general from 1955 to 1958, did not draw
2680-449: The Red List has a distinction between "Endangered" and "Critically Endangered", the TSP Act just has a broader Endangered category. The TSP Act also uses the category "Rare", which is not used on the Red List. All taxa within a certain category are provided the same level of protection under the law, however conservatory action is taken subjective to the needs of an individual species. As of November 25, 2020, there are 681 species listed on
2747-417: The TSP Act are largely structured around the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Red List framework. The IUCN Red List is often used by national or regional bodies when constructing conservation management frameworks. It aims to provide an efficient mechanism for the objective classification of taxa to a threat level based upon certain thresholds of population decline. This objective process
Threatened Species Protection Act 1995 - Misplaced Pages Continue
2814-536: The TSP Act is administered by the Department of Primary Industries, Parks, Water and Environment (Tasmania) and is the primary legislation for the listing, protection and conservation of threatened native flora and fauna in Tasmania. Threatened species in Tasmania can also be listed on the Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act 1999 , which is the primary national legislation for
2881-574: The TSP Act. Of these, 121 are vulnerable, 313 are rare, 220 are endangered and 27 are now extinct. There are a further 39 Tasmanian native species listed on the EPBC Act that are not listed on the TSP Act. The EPBC Act uses the criteria: conservation dependant, vulnerable, endangered, critically endangered, extinct and extinct in the wild. Of these Tasmanian species listed on the EPBC Act, 7 are conservation dependant, 21 are vulnerable, 8 are endangered, and 3 are critically endangered. Australia has one of
2948-479: The Tasmanian Parliament frequently had members who previously served in Federal Parliament proportionally more so than the other state and territory parliaments. The Government currently consists of a Liberal Lambie minority government , formed after the 2024 State Election. The Second Rockliff ministry consists of solely Liberal members. The island of Van Diemen's Land (now known as Tasmania)
3015-544: The United Nations Environment Programme UNEP to provide regular reviews of world conservation. The income this generated, combined with growing revenue via WWF, put the organisation on relatively sound financial footing for the first time since 1948. This period saw the beginning of a gradual change in IUCN's approach to conservation in which it tried to become more appealing to the developing world. In 1975 IUCN started work on
3082-539: The Water Management act 1999, the interference or taking of a listed species is not considered an offence. As of 25 November 2020, the TSP Act has received two amendment acts. The Threatened Species Protection Amendment Act 2001 dealt with minor changes to word phrasing, definitions and offences. It received the Royal Assent on 17 December 2001. The Threatened Species Protection Amendment Act 2018 amended
3149-486: The basis of four-year programs, determined by the membership. In the IUCN Programme for 2017–2020 conserving nature and biodiversity is linked to sustainable development and poverty reduction. IUCN states that it aims to have a solid factual base for its work and takes into account the knowledge held by indigenous groups and other traditional users of natural resources. The IUCN Programme 2017–2020 identifies three priority areas: IUCN does not itself aim to directly mobilize
3216-779: The colony. The Council initially held meetings in a room adjacent to the old Government House that was located near to the present site of Franklin Square , but by 1841 they relocated meetings to the 'Long Room' (now the Members' Lounge) in the Customs House. In 1850, the British Parliament enacted the Australian Colonies Government Act , which gave Van Diemen's Land the right to elect its first representative government . The size of
3283-478: The creation of IUCN in 1948, IUCN Members have passed more than 300 resolutions that include or focus on business related activities. The increased attention on sustainable development as a means to protect nature brought IUCN closer to the corporate sector. The members decided against this, but IUCN did forge a partnership with the World Business Council for Sustainable Development . IUCN renewed
3350-413: The definition of native flora and fauna to allow the listing and protection of migrant species, as well as vagrant or hybrid species if deemed appropriate by the Scientific Advisory Committee. If a species is eligible for protection under the TSP Act, any person may submit a form nominating that species for listing or delisting. Upon receiving a nomination, the Scientific Advisory Committee decides whether
3417-415: The fields of marine, freshwater, terrestrial and population ecology . The assessment guidelines for the TSP Act were devised with several major taxonomic groups in mind: vertebrate and invertebrate fauna, vascular and non-vascular flora, fungi and marine species . However, when listed, taxa are placed into one of four groups: vertebrate fauna, invertebrate fauna, vascular flora or non-vascular flora. If
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#17327826316043484-481: The general public. Education has been part of IUCN's work program since the early days but the focus is on stakeholder involvement and strategic communication rather than mass-campaigns. IUCN runs field projects for habitat and species conservation around the world. It produces the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species and the IUCN Red List of Ecosystems . The IUCN Red List of Ecosystems is applicable at local, national, regional, and global levels. IUCN's stated goal
3551-550: The highest extinction rates of native animals in the world. This is due to many factors, however, the greatest contributors are invasive species , variations and increases in the number and severity of bushfires and the loss of at least 33% of Australia's vegetation and native habitat. Since the European settlement of Australia, the extinction of at least 90 species has occurred; of these species, 27 were native to Tasmania, 19 flora and 8 fauna. The most notable of these extinctions
3618-490: The ideas it developed were turned into action. This was caused by unwillingness to act on the part of governments, uncertainty about the IUCN mandate and lack of resources. In 1956, IUCN changed its name to International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources. During this period, the IUCN expanded its relations with UN-agencies and established links with the Council of Europe . IUCN's best known publication,
3685-415: The limited resources for conservation of these taxa in Tasmania, this approach to sampling struggles to efficiently gather enough information for landowners to make management decisions. It also struggles to maximise the amount of species receiving population and habitat mapping, and consequently, conservatory action. It has been suggested that groups of taxa, rather than individual species should be sampled in
3752-557: The marine environment, results in unabated species decline going unregistered. Marine species of flora and fauna are underrepresented on the TSP Act when compared with terrestrial taxa. This is most likely due to the marine environment being obscured from public view and mapping and assessment of marine taxa requiring considerably more time and resources when compared with terrestrial mapping. However, marine vertebrates are represented in greater number than their terrestrial counterparts, this may be explained by their low repopulation rates, being
3819-463: The penalties for some offences under the act. It received the Royal Assent on 10 September 2018. Some significant challenges are faced in accurately mapping habitats and assessing a species level of threat due to their inhabited environment, this occurs both in the marine and terrestrial settings. A small amount of historical reference data on population, combined with the inability to accurately and efficiently map species numbers and distribution in
3886-466: The protection of these species often relies on the vascular plants of their habitat being protected. Similar discrepancies are also seen on the EPBC Act, where "birds, amphibians and mammals have high levels of threatened species (12–24%) but < 6% of all reptiles and plants and < 0.01% of invertebrates and fish are considered threatened." Sampling of species' populations and habitats, particularly invertebrate fauna, has historically been conducted with
3953-638: The protection of threatened species in Australia. The objectives of the TSP Act are to ensure the survival of native flora and fauna as well to encourage, educate and assist the Tasmanian community and relevant landowners to engage in the conservation and protection of endemic flora and fauna. For a species to be eligible for listing on the Act, it must be considered to be a native Tasmanian flora or fauna. Alongside Tasmania's endemic flora and fauna, The Threatened Species Protection Amendment Act 2001 adjusted
4020-526: The same names and boundaries as the Australian House of Representatives divisions for Tasmania. Members are elected using the Hare-Clark voting system of multi-member proportional representation for a term of up to 4 years. The current distribution of seats is: The Tasmanian Legislative Council is the upper house of the Tasmanian Parliament. It has 15 members, each elected from
4087-447: The secretariat. IUCN Members are States, government agencies, international nongovernmental organizations, national nongovernmental organizations and indigenous peoples' organisations. In 2017, IUCN had 1400 members. The members can organize themselves in national or regional committees to promote cooperation. In 2016, there were 62 national committees and 7 regional committees. The seven IUCN Commissions involve volunteer experts from
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#17327826316044154-525: The species meet the legislative guidelines and must publish an initial decision within 12 months. This initial decision is then published in the Tasmanian Government Gazette and several Tasmanian newspapers so that comment can be made. After this 30-day period, any comment or scientific advice received is used to synthesise a final decision. The Minister for Environment Parks must inform the public of this decision to make an Order under
4221-593: The strategic direction, coordinate IUCN's overall approach and provide institutional quality assurance in all business engagements. The Programme ensures that the Business Engagement Strategy is implemented through IUCN's global thematic and regional programmes as well as helps guide the work of IUCN's six Commissions. Nature-based solutions (NbS) use ecosystems and the services they provide to address societal challenges such as climate change, food security or natural disasters. The emergence of
4288-535: The world to conserve nature and to ensure that any use of natural resources is equitable and ecologically sustainable". Over the past decades, IUCN has widened its focus beyond conservation ecology and now incorporates issues related to sustainable development in its projects. IUCN does not itself aim to mobilize the public in support of nature conservation. It tries to influence the actions of governments, business and other stakeholders by providing information and advice and through building partnerships. The organization
4355-542: The world. This marked a shift within the organisation. Previously, the volunteer Commissions had been very influential, now the secretariat and its staff began to play a more dominant role. In 1989, IUCN moved into a separate building in Gland, close to the offices it had shared with WWF. Initially, the focus of power was still with the Headquarters in Gland but the regional offices and regional members' groups gradually got
4422-497: Was claimed and subsequently settled by the United Kingdom in 1803. Initially, it was administered by the governor of New South Wales , as part of that British Colony of New South Wales . In 1825, Van Diemen's Land became a separate British colony , administered separately from New South Wales , with a Legislative Council of six men appointed to advise the lieutenant governor of Van Diemen's Land who had sole governance of
4489-426: Was integrated in development aid and in the economic policies of developing countries. Over the years, it supported the development of national conservation strategies in 30 countries. Several European countries began to channel considerable amounts of bilateral aid via IUCN's projects. Management of these projects was primarily done by IUCN staff, often working from the new regional and country offices IUCN set up around
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