The Toy Fox Terrier is a small terrier breed of dog , directly descended from the larger Smooth Fox Terrier but since 1936, it has been registered in the United States with the UKC as a separate breed.
78-456: Toy Fox Terriers are small dogs with a muscular and athletic appearance. Notable characteristic traits include a short glossy and predominantly white coat, coupled with a predominantly solid head, and a short, high-set tail. The breed has been deemed elegant and graceful with V-shaped ears and large eyes. The tail can be short and straight or long and shiny, and breeders often shorten the tail a few days after birth by clipping it about three-fifths of
156-664: A Jack Russell cross from an animal rescue charity in Wales. The dog's name is Dilyn and he became a famous dog at a polling station in the general election . During the ongoing 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine , a 2-year old Jack Russell named Patron has been working with the State Emergency Service of Ukraine to sniff out Russian explosives. As of April 20, 2022, the Ukrainian Government announced that he had located nearly 90 explosives. In
234-421: A breeding program to develop a terrier with high stamina for the hunt as well as the courage and formation to chase out foxes that had gone to ground. By the 1850s, these dogs were recognised as a distinct breed. An important attribute in this dog was a tempered aggressiveness that would provide the necessary drive to pursue and bolt the fox, without resulting in physical harm to the quarry and effectively ending
312-539: A central role in the 1980s TV adventure series Tales of the Gold Monkey . K.K. Slider is a Jack Russell who is a main character in the Animal Crossing video game series developed by Nintendo . K.K. is a musician who performs to the townsfolk. He has appeared in every Animal Crossing game to date since the original Animal Crossing game in 2001 to Animal Crossing: New Horizons in 2020. Max,
390-498: A defective antibody response. An autosomal recessive form of SCID has been reported in the Jack Russell Terrier. The condition usually results in death from an infection during the first few months. The allele responsible for the condition is found in less than 1.1% of Jack Russell Terriers and a DNA test exists for the condition. Patellar luxation , also known as luxating patella, is a hereditary disorder affecting
468-403: A further split was occurring between two different types of white terrier, both carrying Jack Russell's name. Heinemann was invited to judge classes for working terriers at Crufts with an aim to bring working terriers back into the show ring and influence those that disregard working qualities in dogs. These classes were continued for several years by various judges, but Charles Cruft dropped
546-405: A life expectancy of 12.9 years from a sample of 52 deaths for the breed compared to an average of 12.7 for purebreeds and 12 for crossbreeds . Toy Fox Terriers, like other toy breeds are prone to patellar luxation (slipped stifle), Legg–Calvé–Perthes syndrome and von Willebrand disease . Some Toy Fox Terrier breeders can trace their dogs' lineage back to a Smooth Fox Terrier called "Foiler",
624-543: A longer head and larger chest as well as overall a larger body size. The height of a Parson Russell at the withers according to the breed standard is 30–36 cm (12–14 in) which places it within the range of the Jack Russell Terrier Club of America 's standard size for a Jack Russell of 25–38 cm (10–15 in). However, the Parson Russell is a conformation show standard whereas
702-533: A number of broadcasts for BBC Radio 4's The Daily Service . The college offers Choral and Parry –Wood Organ Scholarships, and former Organ Scholars include Robert Sharpe (Director of Music, York Minster ), Christopher Herrick (International Concert Organist and former Organist, Westminster Abbey ), and David Trendell (Director of Music, King's College London ), as well as Directors of Music at Rugby , Charterhouse , Sherborne , and Latymer Upper Schools. Sports at Exeter College are not directly organised by
780-584: A range of student bedrooms, teaching rooms, and study space. In 2017 Cohen Quad was formally opened, named for the parents of Sir Ronald Cohen . The premises represent the college's largest physical expansion since the 14th century. The Cohen Quad won an RIBA South Award as well as Regional Building of the Year. Exeter College is the basis for the fictional Jordan College in Philip Pullman 's novel trilogy His Dark Materials . The 2007 film version of
858-505: A score of 17-15. Amongst Exeter's alumni are many writers, including J. R. R. Tolkien , Alan Bennett , Martin Amis and Philip Pullman ; Roger Bannister , the first man to run a mile in under four minutes; the actors Richard Burton and Imogen Stubbs ; Liaquat Ali Khan , the first prime minister of Pakistan, John Kufuor , the former President of Ghana and Pedro Pablo Kuczynski , former president of Peru. On 1 October, Andrew Roe
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#1732787601266936-419: Is a rare type of follicular dysplasia where only the black hairs of a bicolour or tricolour dog will be affected. Jack Russell Terriers are known to be a breed that may acquire the condition although it is seen in several breeds and in mongrels . A type of ichthyosis that can be distinguished both clinically and histopathologically has been identified in separate Jack Russell Terrier families. This ichthyosis
1014-580: Is also more severe than other forms. A mutation in the TGM1 gene has been found to be the cause. Primary lens luxation is an inherited condition that often occurs in Jack Russell Terriers as well as other breeds. A study identified a mutation in the ADAMTS17 gene as being responsible for the condition. Severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID) is a genetic disorder that is related to
1092-460: Is an accepted version of this page The Jack Russell Terrier is a British breed of small terrier . It is principally white-bodied and smooth-, rough- or broken-coated, and can be any colour. It derives from dogs bred and used for fox-hunting in North Devon in the early nineteenth century by a country parson , Jack Russell – for whom the breed is named – and has similar origins to
1170-525: Is dedicated graduate accommodation for the college on Iffley Road. As the university's fourth oldest college, a certain emphasis is placed on tradition, especially during special occasions such as the annual Burns Night , a dinner in honour of the Scottish poet Robert Burns , when a traditional meal of haggis is served. The college's ties with Williams College in the United States, as well as
1248-502: Is seen on a smooth-coated dog. The head should be of moderate width at the ears, narrowing to the eyes, and slightly flat between the ears. There should be a defined but not overpronounced stop at the end of the muzzle where it meets the head, and a black nose. The jaw should be powerful and well boned with a scissor bite and straight teeth. The eyes are almond shaped and dark coloured and should be full of life and intelligence. Small V-shaped ears of moderate thickness are carried forward on
1326-430: The withers , and weigh 6–8 kg (14–18 lb). The body length must be in proportion to the height, and the dog should present a compact, balanced image. Predominantly white in colouration (more than 51%) with black and/or brown and/or tan markings, they exhibit either a smooth, rough or a combination of both which is known as a broken coat. A broken-coated dog may have longer hair on the tail or face than that which
1404-509: The 15th century onward, and began offering rooms to its students. The college motto is "Floreat Exon.", meaning "Let Exeter Flourish". In the 16th century, donations from Sir William Petre , assumed to be an Exeter graduate, whose daughter Dorothy Wadham (1534–1618) was a co-founder with her husband Nicholas Wadham (1531–1609) of Wadham College , created the eight Petrean Fellowships, and further contributions from his son John Petre, 1st Baron Petre (1549–1613) helped to expand and transform
1482-555: The 1850s, the Adelphi Wine Club is reputed to be one of the oldest three wine clubs in Oxford. The club draws its membership from undergraduates studying at Exeter College. It has been forcibly closed down by college authorities several times throughout its tumultuous existence and is currently believed to be dormant. The club was renowned for its extravagant dinners, and for excessive gambling after each meeting. One black ball
1560-461: The 1860s and 1880s. The Fox Terrier Club was formed in 1875 with Russell as one of the founder members; its breed standard was aspiration, and not a description of how the breed appeared then. By the start of the 20th century, the Fox Terrier had altered more towards the modern breed, but in some parts of the country the old style of John Russell's terriers remained, and it is from those dogs that
1638-894: The ANKC, compared to 18 for the Parson Russell terrier. Other modern breeds are often mistaken for modern Jack Russell terriers, including their cousin the Parson Russell terrier, the Tenterfield terrier, and the Rat Terrier . Several other modern breeds exist that descended from the early Fox Terrier breed, including the Brazilian Terrier , Japanese Terrier , Miniature Fox Terrier , Ratonero Bodeguero Andaluz , Rat Terrier , and Tenterfield Terrier . Due to their working nature, Jack Russell terriers remain much as they were some 200 years ago. They are sturdy, tough, and tenacious, measuring between 25–38 cm (10–15 in) at
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#17327876012661716-740: The English or Irish Jack Russell terrier, this is not the recognised height of Jack Russells in the United Kingdom. According to the Jack Russell Club of Great Britain's breed standard, it is the same size as the standard for Jack Russells in the United States, 25–38 cm (10–15 in). Compared to the Parson Russell Terrier, the Russell Terrier should always be longer than tall at the withers, whereas
1794-495: The Jack Russel Terrier to have an average life expectancy of 12 years and 9 months, this was higher than any other breed in the study including crossbreeds. A 2024 UK study found a life expectancy of 13.3 years compared to 12 years for crossbreeds and 12.7 years for purebreds overall. A 2024 Italian study found a life expectancy of 8 years for the breed compared to 10 years overall. Black hair follicular dysplasia
1872-839: The Jack Russell standard is a more general working standard. The Russell Terrier, which is also sometimes called the English Jack Russell terrier or the Short Jack Russell terrier is a generally smaller related breed. Both the breed standards of the American Russell Terrier Club and the English Jack Russell Terrier Club Alliance states that at the withers it should be an ideal height of 20–30 cm (8–12 in). Although sometimes called
1950-633: The Parson Russell Terrier Association of America. The Australian National Kennel Council (ANKC) and the New Zealand Kennel Club (NZCK) are some of national kennel associations that register both the Jack Russell terrier and the Parson Russell terrier; however, the size requirements for the Jack Russell terrier under both those standards would classify a dog as a Russell terrier in the United States. In 2009, there were 1073 Jack Russells registered with
2028-523: The Parson Russell's points should be of equal distance. The Fédération Cynologique Internationale standard for the Jack Russell terrier has this smaller size listed as a requirement. Terrierman Eddie Chapman, who has hunted in Devon for more than 30 years, the same area that John Russell himself hunted, notes that, "I can state categorically that if given the choice, ninety-nine percent of hunt terrier men would buy an under 12 in (30 cm) worker, if it
2106-858: The SEJRTC, and under that standard the breed was recognised by the Kennel Club in 1990 as the Parson Jack Russell terrier. Jack was dropped from the official name in 1999, and the recognised name of the breed became the Parson Russell Terrier . In the late 1990s, the American Kennel Club explored the possibility of recognising the Jack Russell Terrier. This move was opposed by the Jack Russell Terrier Club of America as they did not want
2184-533: The UK for his appearance as "Harvey" in Thinkbox 's three television commercials, and, under his real name in five seasons of Midsomer Murders . He also appeared in several Hollywood blockbusters, as well as in a UK TV movie, several series and miniseries. He retired in 2016 after a long career on the big and small screen. Sykes was also a champion agility competitor. A clever Jack Russel Terrier, named Jack, played
2262-476: The UK, one of the more recognisable canine stars was restaurateur and chef Rick Stein 's irrepressible terrier Chalky , who frequently upstaged his owner on his various cookery series. Chalky had his own line of merchandise, including plushes, tea towels, art prints, art paw prints and two real ales – Chalky's Bite and Chalky's Bark , which won gold in the Quality Drink Awards 2009. Chalky
2340-463: The attempt as the classes were never heavily competed. Following Heinemann's death in 1930, the kennel and leadership of the club passed to Annie Harris, but the club itself folded shortly before World War II . Following World War II , the requirement for hunting dogs drastically declined, and with it the numbers of Jack Russell terriers. The dogs were increasingly used as family and companion dogs. The Jack Russell Terrier Club of America (JRTCA)
2418-745: The breed to lose its essential working characteristics. The Jack Russell Terrier Breeders Association formed and petitioned the AKC; the breed's admission was granted in 2001. Under the AKC-recognised standard, the size of the breed was narrowed from the previous club's standard, and the name of the AKC-recognised Jack Russell Terrier was changed to Parson Russell Terrier, with the Jack Russell Terrier Breeders Association renamed to
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2496-539: The breed's parent societies – which resulted in the breeding and recognition of the Parson Russell terrier. Jack Russells have appeared many times in film, television, and print – with several historical dogs of note. The small white fox-working terriers we know today were first bred by the Reverend John "Jack" Russell , a parson and hunting enthusiast born in 1795, and they can trace their origin to
2574-590: The breed's working ability remained through non-recognition with other breed registries, the SEJRTC activity sought recognition with the UK Kennel club . In 1983, the Parson Jack Russell Club of Great Britain (PJRTCGB) was resurrected to seek Kennel Club recognition for the breed. Although the application was initially rejected, a new standard was created for the PJRTCGB based on the standard of
2652-422: The breeding of terriers suitable for this purpose. Terriers were acquired from Nicholas Snow of Oare , and they were likely descended from Russell's original dogs, as Russell would probably have hunted at some point with Snow's hunting club and is likely to have provided at least some of their original terriers. By the turn of the 20th century, Russell's name had become associated with this breed of dog. The club
2730-786: The chase, which was considered unsporting. Russell was said to have prided himself that his terriers never tasted blood. This line of terriers developed by John Russell was well respected for those qualities, and his dogs were often taken on by hunt enthusiasts. It is unlikely, however, that any dogs alive today can be proved to be descendants from Trump, as Russell was forced to sell all his dogs on more than one occasion because of financial difficulty, and had only four aged (and non-breeding) terriers left when he died in 1883. The Fox terrier and Jack Russell terrier type dogs of today are all descended from dogs of that period. However, documented pedigrees earlier than 1862 have not been found. Several records remain of documented breeding by John Russell between
2808-514: The college itself, but rather by student-run clubs. Exeter College own their own sports grounds, which can be used by these student clubs within University Parks. The sports that have active student run clubs as of October 2023 are: boating , netball , football, cricket, badminton, hockey, rugby, ice hockey, pool, darts, croquet, and lacrosse. In March 2014 Exeter College Association Football Club defeated St Catherine's College 2–1 in
2886-417: The college. Sir John Acland (died 1620), a Devonshire gentleman, donated £800, which largely financed the building of a new dining hall, and also established two scholarships for poor students, the first to be created at the college. In a clever move by the bursar to fill the new buildings as they were completed, a significant number of noble Roman Catholic students were invited to enrol and take classes at
2964-470: The condition. A 2014 study identified the KCNJ10 gene as being responsible for the spinocerebellar ataxia accompanied by myokymia and/or seizures in the breed. This condition also affects the closely related Parson Russell Terrier and Russell Terrier . A UK study found the Jack Russell Terrier to be predisposed to steroid-responsive meningitis-arteritis . The breed was 6.91 times more likely to contract
3042-465: The condominium or apartment dweller unless the owner is ready to take on the daunting task of providing the dog with the necessary amount of exercise and stimulation. They have a tremendous amount of energy for their size. Due to their use in hunting, in the US the Jack Russell is prone to contracting skunk toxic shock syndrome . A 2022 study of life expectancy of dogs in the UK using veterinary data found
3120-572: The construction of the Thomas Wood building to commemorate the 650th anniversary of the college and named for Ivan Margary , who paid for its restoration. The quadrangle also incorporates the rector's lodgings, designed by Gilbert Scott and constructed in 1857, and staircases nine, ten and eleven, also erected during the 19th century. A passageway from the Front Quadrangle leads through to the college's Fellows' Garden, in which stands
3198-532: The disease than other breeds. Nipper was a dog born in 1884 who was thought to be a dog of the Jack Russell terrier type. He was the inspiration for the painting Dog looking at and listening to a Phonograph , later renamed His Master's Voice . The painting was used by a variety of music related companies including The Gramophone Company , EMI , the Victor Talking Machine Company , and RCA . Today it remains in use incorporated into
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3276-510: The dog will not bark but will expect attention to the quarry continuously. Because the preservation of this working ability is of highest importance to most registered JRTCA/JRTCGB breeders, Jack Russells tend to be extremely intelligent, athletic, fearless, and vocal dogs. It is not uncommon for these dogs to become moody or destructive if not properly stimulated and exercised, as they have a tendency to bore easily and will often create their own fun when left alone to entertain themselves, leading to
3354-612: The enlarged college; however, they were not allowed to matriculate . As a result, over time, Exeter College became one of the leading colleges in the university. In the 18th century the college experienced declining popularity, as did all of Oxford's other colleges. University reforms in the 1850s helped to end this period of stagnation. For over six centuries after its founding, women were not permitted to study at Exeter, but in 1979 it joined many other men's colleges in admitting its first female students. Today it admits men and women in roughly equal numbers. In 1993, Exeter College became
3432-404: The films Water for Elephants and The Artist , both in 2011. In the same year, based on interest following The Artist , the "Consider Uggie" campaign was launched, which attempted to gain the dog a nomination for an Academy Award . In 2012, Uggie was named Nintendo 's first-ever spokesdog. Sykes (est. 2001–2019) was a dog actor from Clifton, Oxfordshire, England. He was best known in
3510-616: The final of the Cuppers tournament to lift the trophy for the first time in over 40 years. In May 2019 Turl Street Rugby, made up of students from Exeter College, Jesus College and Lincoln College , won Oxford's inaugural 15-a-side Women's Rugby Union Cuppers tournament. In May 2024, Exeter College Rugby Football Club secured the Cuppers Bowl Trophy with a narrow victory, defeating a combined team from St Catherine's, Mansfield, Corpus Christi, Somerville, and Merton Colleges by
3588-795: The first fox terrier registered by the Kennel Club in Britain, circa 1875–76. It is believed that careful breeding from smaller Smooth Fox Terriers without crosses to other toy breeds such as Manchester Terrier and Chihuahua resulted in the Toy Fox Terrier of today. Toy Fox Terriers were recognized by the United Kennel Club (UKC) in 1936 and placed in the Terrier Group, and by the American Kennel Club (AKC) in 2003 ( Toy Group). Jack Russell Terrier This
3666-432: The first novel, The Golden Compass (originally Northern Lights ) , used the college for location filming. The final episode of Inspector Morse , based on the novel The Remorseful Day , was filmed in the college chapel and Front Quadrangle, where Morse has a heart attack. Exeter has a reputation for having a close-knit student body. First-year undergraduates are housed on the college's Turl Street site, and there
3744-539: The first of the formerly all-male colleges to elect a woman, Marilyn Butler , as its rector . When Butler's tenure expired in October 2004, the college elected another woman— Frances Cairncross , former senior editor of The Economist —as rector. In 2014, the author J. K. Rowling was elected an honorary fellow of the college for the "extraordinary contribution she has made to the field of literature, and in particular to children's reading and literacy". Formed in
3822-560: The fourth-oldest college of the university. The college was founded in 1314 by two brothers from Devon , Bishop Walter Stapledon and Sir Richard Stapledon , as an institution to educate clergy, and has been located on Turl Street since 1315. At its foundation Exeter was popular with sons of the Devon gentry, though it has since become associated with a much broader range of notable alumni, including Raymond Raikes , William Morris , J. R. R. Tolkien , Richard Burton , Roger Bannister , Alan Bennett , and Philip Pullman . Exeter College
3900-587: The generally international composition of the MCR, makes the annual Thanksgiving dinner a popular occasion. Exeter has a mixed-voice choir, made up of 24 singers, which is administered, conducted and accompanied solely by the Organ Scholars. It is the only college in either Oxford or Cambridge where a choir, run entirely by the Organ Scholar, sings three services a week, and has been heard recently on
3978-476: The hall, constructed in 1618, notable for its vaulted ceilings and numerous fine portraits, underneath which is the college bar. Building work over the following century resulted in the quadrangle taking on its current appearance in 1710. The Front Quadrangle also houses the Junior, Middle and Senior Common Rooms, as well as lodgings for fellows and undergraduates. The Margary quadrangle was completed in 1964 with
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#17327876012664056-491: The head. When the dog is alert, the tip of the V should not extend past the outer corner of the eyes. The tail is set high and in the past was docked to approximately 10 cm (5 in) in order to provide a sufficient hand-hold for gripping the terrier. The Jack Russell should always appear balanced and alert. The red fox is the traditional quarry of the Jack Russell terrier, so the working Jack Russell must be small enough to pursue it. Red foxes vary in size, but across
4134-460: The hind-legs, the thigh muscles to atrophy and pain in the joint. It usually occurs between 6–12 months of age and has been documented in a variety of other terrier breeds including the Border terrier , Lakeland terrier , and Wheaten terrier . An inherited form of ataxia has been recognised within the Jack Russell Terrier for more than 50 years. Myokymia and seizures are often seen alongside
4212-471: The kneecaps, inherited eye diseases, deafness and Legg Perthes—a disease of the hip joints of small dog breeds. Prone to mast cell tumors. Legg–Calvé–Perthes syndrome , also called Avascular Necrosis of the Femoral Head, is where the ball section of the femur in the hip joint deteriorates following interruption of the blood flow and is the same condition as in humans . In dogs, this causes lameness of
4290-447: The knees. It is where the kneecap slips off the groove on which it normally sits. The effects can be temporary with the dog running while holding its hind leg in the air before running on it again once the kneecap slipped back into place as if nothing has happened. Dogs can have a problem with both rear knees, and complications can include arthritis or torn knee ligaments. Severe cases can require surgery. Some are prone to dislocation of
4368-850: The library, designed by Gilbert Scott in the 13th-century style. The area is also bounded on the left hand side by Convocation House, the Divinity School and the Bodleian Library, and on the right by Brasenose Lane. The Mound, situated at the end of the Garden, offers views over Radcliffe Square, including All Souls' College and the Radcliffe Camera. In 2007–2008, the college purchased the main site of Ruskin College on Walton Street for £7 million. The buildings were redeveloped to designs by Alison Brooks Architects to provide
4446-629: The logo for HMV in the UK and Europe. A Jack Russell named Bothie made history in 1982 as part of the Transglobe Expedition . Owned by explorers Ranulph and Ginny Fiennes , he became the first dog to travel to both the North and South Poles . This feat is unlikely to be repeated, as all dogs have been banned from Antarctica by the Antarctic Treaty nations since 1994, due to fears that they could transmit diseases to
4524-658: The main protagonist in Illumination 's The Secret Life of Pets franchise is a Jack Russell Terrier living with his adopted brother Duke, a large Newfoundland mix, and owners Katie, Chuck, and Liam. Exeter College, Oxford Exeter College (in full: The Rector and Scholars of Exeter College in the University of Oxford ) is one of the constituent colleges of the University of Oxford in England, and
4602-415: The modern Fox Terrier . Though closely similar, it is a distinct and different breed from the Parson Russell Terrier . Jack Russells are an energetic breed that rely on a high level of exercise and stimulation. It has gone through several changes over the years, corresponding to different use and breed standards set by kennel clubs. Recognition by kennel clubs for the Jack Russell breed has been opposed by
4680-466: The modern Jack Russell type has descended. Many breeds can claim heritage to the early Fox Terrier of this period, including the Brazilian Terrier , Japanese Terrier , Miniature Fox Terrier , Ratonero Bodeguero Andaluz , Rat Terrier , and Tenterfield Terrier . Following Russell's death, the only people who made serious efforts to continue those strains were two men, one in Chislehurst with
4758-488: The native seal population. Ranulph Fiennes and Charles Burton actually made the trip to the north pole by powered sledges before signalling to the base camp that they had arrived. To celebrate their achievement, a plane was sent out to take the two men champagne , along with Bothie. On 29 April 2007, a Jack Russell named George saved five children at a carnival in New Zealand from an attack by two pit bulls . He
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#17327876012664836-437: The now extinct English white terrier . Difficulty in differentiating the dog from the creature it was pursuing brought about the need for a mostly white dog, and so in 1819 during his last year of university at Exeter College, Oxford , he purchased a small white and tan terrier female named Trump from a local milkman in the nearby small hamlet of Elsfield or Marston . Trump epitomised his ideal Fox Terrier , which, at
4914-561: The open registry. Several breed clubs appeared in the United Kingdom during the 1970s to promote the breed, including the Jack Russell Club of Great Britain (JRTCGB) and the South East Jack Russell Terrier Club (SEJRTC). The JRTCGB promoted the range of sizes that remain in its standards today, whereas the SEJRTC set a minimum height for dogs at 33 cm (13 in). While the JRTCGB sought to ensure that
4992-455: The semi-affectionate nickname among suburban pet dogs of "Jack Russell Terrorist". Their high energy and drive make these dogs ideally suited to a number of different dog sports such as flyball or agility . Obedience classes are also recommended to potential owners, as Jack Russells can be stubborn at times and aggressive towards other animals and humans if not properly socialized. Despite their small size, these dogs are not recommended for
5070-698: The shoulder (21.5–29.2 cm) and weight from 3.5–9 kg. Toy Fox Terriers were used commonly in circus shows by clowns, and they are said to make great companions for owners with a good sense of humor. As a terrier breed, they are often active, though perhaps not as active as the Jack Russell Terrier , and are said to be well suited for older owners. They are quite trainable and often cited as making wonderful companions for people with disabilities. They are also very lovable and loyal to their owners. In addition, dogs of this breed tend not to bark very much if they are trained well. A 2024 UK study found
5148-524: The surname of East, and another in Cornwall named Archer. East, at one point, had several couples, all of which were descended from one of Russell's dogs. The type aimed for were not as big as the show Fox Terrier and were usually less than 7 kg (15 lb). Arthur Blake Heinemann created the first breed standard and, in 1894, he founded the Devon and Somerset Badger Club, the aims of which were to promote badger digging rather than fox hunting, and
5226-399: The time, was a term used for any terrier which was used to bolt foxes out of their burrows. Her colouring was described as "...white, with just a patch of dark tan over each eye and ear; whilst a similar dot, not larger than a penny piece, marks the root of the tail." Davies, a friend of Russell's, wrote: "Trump was such an animal as Russell had only seen in his dreams". She was the basis for
5304-583: The tower, which was once the primary entrance to the college, now houses various offices and lodgings for fellows, and at its base is a memorial to members who were killed in the Second World War. The quadrangle is dominated by the chapel, designed by Sir George Gilbert Scott and constructed in 1854–1860, which was heavily inspired by the Sainte-Chapelle in Paris. On the opposite side stands
5382-598: The way from the tip (at the third or fourth joint). The coat is short, fine, and glossy in black with tan, with areas of tan on the face; there are two other variants, one with 'chocolate' replacing the black in areas (the UKC does not allow this variant to be shown), another which is all white with tan and no black at all, and one which is white with black markings and no tan accents. These variants are often known as 'Tri-Color', 'Chocolate', and 'White and Tan', and 'White and Black" respectively. The height ranges from 8.5–11.5 inches at
5460-399: The world, they average from 6–8 kg (13–17 lb) in weight and have an average chest size of 30–36 cm (12–14 in) at the widest part. The Jack Russell terrier and Parson Russell Terrier breeds are similar, sharing a common origin, but have several marked differences – the most notable being the range of acceptable heights. Other differences in the Parson Russell can include
5538-471: Was a Jack Russell who became the star of the American TV series Wishbone , which aired from 1995 to 2001. In the 2009 movie Hotel for Dogs , Friday, one of the main characters, is a Jack Russell, played by the dog actor Cosmo . Cosmo went on to appear in the films Paul Blart: Mall Cop and Beginners . Uggie (2002–2015) was an animal actor, appearing in commercials starting in 2005 and in
5616-443: Was available, over a 14 in (36 cm) one." Jack Russells are first and foremost a working terrier . Originally bred to bolt foxes from their dens during hunts, they are used on numerous ground-dwelling quarry such as groundhog, badger, otter, and red and grey fox. The working Jack Russell terrier is required to locate quarry in the earth, and then either bolt it or hold it in place until they are dug to. To accomplish this,
5694-426: Was formed in 1976 by Ailsa Crawford, one of the first Jack Russell terrier breeders in the United States. Size ranges for dogs were kept broad, with the ability of working dogs awarded higher than those in conformation shows . An open registry was maintained, with restricted line breeding. Registration for the club is made at adulthood for Jack Russells, rather than at birth, to ensure the breed's qualities remain, given
5772-459: Was founded in 1314 by Walter Stapledon , Bishop of Exeter and later treasurer to Edward II , and his brother, Sir Richard Stapledon , judge and politician, as a school to educate clergy. The college initially used Hart Hall , now Hertford College, and moved to Turl Street in 1315. During its first century, it was known as Stapledon Hall and was significantly smaller, with just twelve to fourteen students. The college grew significantly from
5850-476: Was given a BBC obituary when he died in 2007. Moose and his son Enzo played the role of Eddie on the long-running American TV sitcom Frasier . Eddie belonged to lead character Frasier 's father Martin Crane , and constantly "stole the show" with his deadpan antics, receiving more fan mail than any other Frasier character. Moose and Enzo also starred as Skip in the 2000 film My Dog Skip . Soccer
5928-506: Was later renamed the Parson Jack Russell Terrier Club. Badger digging required a different type of dog than fox hunting, and it is likely that Bull Terrier stock was introduced to strengthen the breed, which may have caused the creation of a shorter legged variety of Jack Russell terrier that started to appear around this period. At the same time that a split was appearing between show and working Fox terriers,
6006-718: Was reported to have charged at them and held them at bay long enough for the children to get away, but he was killed by the pit bulls. He was posthumously awarded the PDSA Gold Medal in 2009, the animal equivalent of the George Cross . A statue has been erected in Manaia , New Zealand, in his memory. A former US Marine also donated to George's owner a Purple Heart award he had received for service in Vietnam . In 2019, Boris Johnson and his partner Carrie Symonds took
6084-484: Was sufficient to exclude an undergraduate from membership. Beginning in 1923, the college forbade any student holding an exhibition from joining the club. Notable past members include Sir Martin Le Quesne , and J.P.V.D. Balsdon . The Front Quadrangle sits on roughly the site of the medieval college, although of the earliest buildings, only Palmer's Tower in the north-eastern corner remains. Constructed in 1432,
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