115-505: Todd Haynes ( / h eɪ n z / ; born January 2, 1961) is an American film director, screenwriter, and producer. His films span four decades with themes examining the personalities of well-known musicians, dysfunctional and dystopian societies, and blurred gender roles. Haynes first gained public attention with his controversial short film Superstar: The Karen Carpenter Story (1987), which chronicles singer Karen Carpenter 's life and death using Barbie dolls as actors. Superstar became
230-493: A Golden Globe Award for her performance. Haynes's sixth feature film, Carol , is an adaptation of the 1952 novel The Price of Salt by Patricia Highsmith . The cast features Cate Blanchett , Rooney Mara , Sarah Paulson and Kyle Chandler . The film premiered in competition at the 2015 Cannes Film Festival , where it won the Queer Palm and a shared Best Actress prize for Mara. Carol received critical acclaim and
345-459: A Health Resources and Services Administration -funded scientific panel concluded that vomiting alone does not reliably remove poisons from the stomach . The study suggested that indications for use of ipecac syrup were rare, and patients should be treated by more effective and safer means. Additionally, its potential side effects , such as lethargy , can be confused with the poison's effects, complicating diagnosis . The use of ipecac may also delay
460-473: A cult classic . His feature directorial debut, Poison (1991), a provocative exploration of AIDS-era queer perceptions and subversions, established him as a figure of a new transgressive cinema. Poison won the Sundance Film Festival 's Grand Jury Prize and is regarded as a seminal work of New Queer Cinema . Haynes received further acclaim for his second feature film, Safe (1995),
575-403: A vasectomy , which he refused to reverse. The marriage did not survive this disagreement and ended after 14 months. Burris was living beyond his means, borrowing as much as $ 50,000 (equivalent to $ 167,570 in 2023) at a time from Carpenter until she was left with only stocks and bonds. Carpenter's friends also indicated that Burris was impatient. According to Carpenter's friend Karen Kamon ,
690-626: A biography about Carpenter entitled Little Girl Blue , published in 2010, which included a foreword by Warwick. It provides a different perspective than those of the other officially endorsed biographies, and it was based on interviews with other friends and associates. The New York Times said that the book was "one of the saddest tales in pop." In 2021, long-time Carpenters historian Chris May and Associated Press entertainment journalist Mike Cidoni Lennox published Carpenters: The Musical Legacy , based on interviews with Richard Carpenter. It features rare photographs and newly revealed stories behind
805-477: A combination of original songs from other artists and glam-rock inspired music written by contemporary rock bands for the film, including Suede . Velvet Goldmine premiered in main competition at the 1998 Cannes Film Festival , winning a special jury award for Best Artistic Contribution. Despite the initial critical praise, the film received mixed reviews from critics. Costume designer Sandy Powell received an Academy Award nomination for her costume design and won
920-525: A drum factory". She did not sing at this point; instead, singer Margaret Shanor guested on some numbers. The trio signed a contract with RCA Records and recorded two instrumentals, but they were not released. In April 1966, the Carpenters were invited to audition at a session with bassist Joe Osborn , well known for being part of the studio-musician collective the Wrecking Crew . Though she
1035-526: A family dinner in a restaurant, Carpenter and Burris parted ways. Carpenter filed for divorce on October 28, 1982, while she was a patient at Lenox Hill Hospital . Carpenter began dieting while in high school. Under a doctor's guidance, she began the Stillman diet , eating lean foods, drinking eight glasses of water a day and avoiding fatty foods. She reduced her weight to 120 pounds (54 kg) and stayed approximately at that weight until around 1973 when
1150-697: A feature film, and gave Haynes a measure of mainstream critical recognition. It was voted the best film of the 1990s by the Village Voice's Critic Poll. The film historian David Thomson later described it as "one of the most arresting, original and accomplished films of the 1990s". Haynes took a radical shift in direction for his next feature, Velvet Goldmine (1998), starring Christian Bale , Ewan McGregor , Jonathan Rhys-Meyers and Toni Collette . The film's title takes its name from David Bowie 's song " Velvet Goldmine ". Filmed and set mostly in England,
1265-597: A film titled Dark Waters for Participant Media . The film is based on Nathaniel Rich 's New York Times Magazine article “The Lawyer Who Became DuPont's Worst Nightmare,” which is about corporate defense attorney Robert Bilott and his environmental lawsuit against the American conglomerate DuPont . Mark Ruffalo and Anne Hathaway star, and principal photography began in January 2019, in Cincinnati . The film
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#17327753486461380-443: A film, or its effect on you. It was a simple, but eye-opening, way of approaching film." In 1987, while an MFA student at Bard College , Haynes made a short, Superstar: The Karen Carpenter Story , which chronicles the life of American pop singer Karen Carpenter , using Barbie dolls as actors. The film presents Carpenter's struggle with anorexia and bulimia, featuring several close-ups of Ipecac (the nonprescription drug Carpenter
1495-447: A first-line treatment for most ingested poisons, because of a lack of evidence that syrup of ipecac actually helps improve the outcome in cases of poisoning. Moreover, accidental overdose of ipecac can result when administered in the home. When dealing with poisoning cases in the hospital, it became difficult to obtain a differential diagnosis when syrup of ipecac had been administered, as this can add further symptoms. A 2005 review by
1610-432: A flashback to enforced electric shock treatment as a teenager to attempt to cure his homosexuality, echoing Reed's teenage experiences as a victim of the homophobic medical profession. Haynes was keen to use original music from the glam rock period, and (learning his lesson from Superstar ) approached David Bowie before making the film for permission to use his music in the soundtrack. Bowie declined, leaving Haynes to use
1725-526: A form of self-expression for gay teenagers. The film follows the character of Arthur (Bale) an English journalist once enraptured by glam rock as a 1970s teenager, who returns a decade later to hunt down his former heroes: Brian Slade (Rhys Meyers), a feather boa-wearing androgyne with an alter ego, "Maxwell Demon", who resembles Bowie in his Ziggy Stardust incarnation, and Curt Wild (McGregor), an Iggy Pop-style rocker. The narrative playfully rewrites glam rock myths which in some cases sail unnervingly close to
1840-535: A married couple whose relationship is put through a test after an actress arrives to do research for a film about their past. The script was written by Samy Burch , with a story by Burch and Alex Mechanik . The film was shot in Savannah, Georgia, and wrapped filming in December 2022. The film received positive reviews with Peter Debruge of Variety writing, "Todd Haynes unpacks America’s obsession with scandal and
1955-705: A medium. Examples include using Barbie dolls instead of actors in Superstar or having multiple actors portray the protagonist in I'm Not There . Stylistically, Haynes favors formalism over naturalism, often appropriating and reinventing cinematic styles, including the documentary form in Poison , Velvet Goldmine and I'm Not There , the reinvention of the Douglas Sirk melodrama in Far from Heaven and extensive referencing of 1960s art cinema in I'm Not There . Haynes
2070-443: A mispronunciation of "lead singer" by a Japanese journalist in 1974, and she later wore a T-shirt with the nickname during live shows. A 43-minute film titled Superstar: The Karen Carpenter Story , directed by Todd Haynes , was released in 1987, and featured Barbie dolls as the characters. It was withdrawn from circulation in 1990 after Haynes lost a copyright infringement lawsuit filed by Richard Carpenter. The film's title
2185-631: A mostly reverential and unironic tribute to Sirk's filmmaking, lovingly re-creating the stylized mise-en-scene , colors, costumes, cinematography and lighting of Sirkian melodrama . Cathy and Raymond's relationship resembles Jane Wyman and Rock Hudson 's inter-class love affair in All That Heaven Allows , and Cathy's relationship with Sybil, her African-American housekeeper ( Viola Davis ) recalls Lana Turner and Juanita Moore 's friendship in Imitation of Life . While staying within
2300-592: A new album with Richard. On December 17, 1982, she performed for the last time as she sang Christmas carols for her godchildren, their classmates and other friends at the Buckley School in Sherman Oaks , California. Carpenter's last public appearance occurred on January 11, 1983, at a gathering of past Grammy Award winners who were commemorating the awards show's 25th anniversary. She seemed somewhat frail and fatigued, but according to Warwick, Carpenter
2415-493: A repressive male-dominated society, and also of an equally debilitating self-help culture that encourages patients to take sole responsibility for their illness and recovery. Carol's illness, although unidentified, has been read as an analogy for the AIDS crisis of the mid-1980s, as a similarly uncomfortable and largely unspoken "threat" in 1980s Reaganist America. Safe was critically acclaimed, giving Moore her first leading role in
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#17327753486462530-515: A retrospective of his work, and published a book, Todd Haynes: Rapturous Process. Haynes said in September 2023 that he has been working on a sexually explicit film about a "love story between two men set in the 1930's", starring Joaquin Phoenix . The project was cancelled shortly before production began when Phoenix abruptly quit. In 2015 he was reported to be developing a TV series based on
2645-496: A series of extreme allergic reactions and hospitalization, Carol diagnoses herself with acute environmental illness, and moves to a New Age commune in the New Mexico desert run by an HIV positive "guru" who preaches both that the real world is toxic and unsafe for Carol, and that she is responsible for her illness and recovery. The film ends with Carol retreating to her antiseptic, prison-like "safe room", looking at herself in
2760-495: A solo album with producer Phil Ramone . The sessions produced music that was different from the usual Carpenters material, tending more toward disco and up-tempo numbers, with more mature lyrics and taking full advantage of Karen's upper vocal register. The album met with a tepid response from Richard and A&M executives in early 1980 and was shelved by A&M Records co-owner Herb Alpert , in spite of attempts by world-renowned producer Quincy Jones to convince him to release
2875-460: A sound in her voice that was very unique, that I haven't heard before." Carpenter's singing has attracted critical praise and influenced several significant musicians and singers, including Madonna , Sheryl Crow , Pat Metheny , Sonic Youth 's Kim Gordon , Shania Twain , Natalie Imbruglia , and k.d. lang . Paul McCartney has said that she had "the best female voice in the world: melodic, tuneful and distinctive". She has been called "one of
2990-555: A subversion of heterosexual norms, culminating with a marriage ceremony between two gay male convicts. Poison marked Haynes's first collaboration with his longtime producer Christine Vachon . Poison was partially funded with a grant from the National Endowment for the Arts (NEA), "at a time when the agency was under attack from conservative groups for using public funds to support sexually explicit works". This, along with
3105-792: A symbolic portrait of a housewife who develops multiple chemical sensitivity . Safe was later voted the best film of the 1990s by The Village Voice Film Poll . His next feature, Velvet Goldmine (1998), is a tribute to the 1970s glam rock era. The film received the Special Jury Prize for Best Artistic Contribution at the 1998 Cannes Film Festival . Haynes gained acclaim and a measure of mainstream success with Far from Heaven (2002), receiving his first Academy Award nomination for Best Original Screenplay . He continued to direct critically lauded films such as I'm Not There (2007), Carol (2015), Wonderstruck (2017), Dark Waters (2019), and May December (2023), as well as
3220-711: Is Jewish on his mother's side. His younger sister is Gwynneth Haynes of the band Sophe Lux . Haynes developed an interest in film at an early age, and produced a short film, The Suicide (1978), while still in high school. He studied art and semiotics at Brown University , where he directed his first short film Assassins: A Film Concerning Rimbaud (1985), inspired by the French poet Arthur Rimbaud (a personality Haynes would later reference in his film I'm Not There ). At Brown, he met Christine Vachon , who would go on to produce all of his feature films. After graduating from Brown, Haynes moved to New York City and became involved in
3335-481: Is derived from the Carpenters' 1971 hit song " Superstar ". Over the years, it has developed into a cult film and was included in Entertainment Weekly ' s 2003 list of the top 50 cult movies. On January 1, 1989, the similarly titled made-for-TV movie The Karen Carpenter Story aired on CBS with Cynthia Gibb in the title role. Gibb lip-synched the songs to Carpenter's recorded voice, with
3450-441: Is obtained from the dried rhizome and roots of the ipecacuanha plant ( Carapichea ipecacuanha ), from which it derives its name. It is no longer regularly used in medicine. In particular, the rapidly induced forceful vomiting produced by ipecac was considered for many years to be an important front-line treatment for orally ingested poisons . However, subsequent studies (including a comprehensive 2005 meta-study ) revealed
3565-539: Is openly gay, and identifies as irreligious . After living in New York City for more than a decade, Haynes moved to Portland, Oregon , in 2002. He has been in a relationship with Bryan O'Keefe, an archival producer, since 2002. An edited book of personal interviews was published in 2014, titled Todd Haynes: Interviews . Executive producer Directed Academy Award performances Karen Carpenter Karen Anne Carpenter (March 2, 1950 – February 4, 1983)
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3680-519: Is reportedly set to direct the HBO series Trust, based on Hernan Diaz's novel of the same name , with Kate Winslet as the lead after working together on Mildred Pierce. AllMovie writes that "Haynes is known for making provocative films that subvert narrative structure and resound with transgressive, complex eroticism . ... Although he doesn't characterize himself as a gay filmmaker who makes gay films … Haynes' name has become synonymous with
3795-418: Is sensitive to every last nuance in their performances". On October 20, 2017, Haynes's Wonderstruck was released, having premiered at the 2017 Cannes Film Festival on May 18, 2017. The film is an adaptation of Brian Selznick 's children's book of the same name . Wonderstruck stars Julianne Moore and is produced by Haynes's collaborator Christine Vachon and Amazon Studios , which is also distributing
3910-588: Is ultimately ineffective at purging the body of poisonous substances. It was initially discontinued due to production costs and lack of raw materials. As the ASHP advises: "Ipecac syrup is no longer recommended for routine management of outpatient ingestions of medications or other chemicals." Humco and Paddock Laboratories, the last two companies to continue manufacturing ipecac syrup, both stopped production in 2010. A heavily cited position statement outlines critical details of its effectiveness: In experimental studies
4025-675: The MGM Grand in Las Vegas . In 1980, Karen performed a medley of standards in a duet with Ella Fitzgerald on the Carpenters' television program Music, Music, Music . In 1981, after release of the Made in America album (which turned out to be their last), the Carpenters returned to the stage and went on some promotional tours, including an appearance for the BBC program Nationwide . "Now"
4140-478: The New Queer Cinema movement and its work to both explore and redefine the contours of queer culture in America and beyond." Haynes's work is preoccupied with postmodernist ideas of identity and sexuality as socially constructed concepts and personal identity as a fluid and changeable state. His protagonists are invariably social outsiders whose "subversive" identity and sexuality put them at odds with
4255-588: The Venice Film Festival to widespread critical acclaim and garnered a slew of film awards, including the Volpi Cup for Moore, and four Academy Award nominations: lead actress for Moore, Haynes's original screenplay, Elmer Bernstein 's score, and Edward Lachman 's cinematography. Far from Heaven lost in all four categories, but the film's success was hailed as a breakthrough for independent film achieving mainstream recognition and brought Haynes to
4370-423: The women's liberation movement , saying that she felt that a wife should cook for her husband because men were unskilled at cooking and that she planned to do so when she married. In early interviews, Carpenter showed no interest in marriage or dating, believing that a relationship would not survive constant touring, adding "as long as we're on the road most of the time, I will never marry." In 1976, she said that
4485-602: The 100 Greatest Singers of All Time, calling her voice "impossibly lush and almost shockingly intimate", adding "even the sappiest songs sound like she was staring directly into your eyes". Carpenter's death brought media attention to conditions such as anorexia nervosa; the condition had not been widely known beforehand. Her family started the Karen A. Carpenter Memorial Foundation, which raised money for research on anorexia nervosa and other eating disorders. Carpenter became known to some fans as "Lead Sister." This originated from
4600-429: The 2012 documentary The Source Family for HBO . Haynes is set to direct a Peggy Lee biopic, titled Fever , based on a screenplay originally drafted by Nora Ephron before her death in 2012, starring Michelle Williams in the title role after Reese Witherspoon backed out of the role to produce instead. Billie Eilish is in early talks to executive produce. The primary screenwriter is now Doug Wright . Haynes
4715-414: The Carpenters' 1976 concert tour and continuing thereafter, she would perform a showcase in which she moved around the stage playing various configurations of drums. Her studio performances benefited from close miking that captured the nuances of her voice well. Though she had a three-octave range, many of the duo's hits prominently feature her lower contralto singing, leading her to quip, "The money's in
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4830-618: The Carpenters' career reached its peak. That year, she saw a concert photo of herself and felt that her clothing made her appear heavy. She hired a personal trainer, who advised her to change her diet. The new diet built muscle, which made her feel heavier instead of slimmer. Carpenter fired the trainer and began her own weight-loss program using exercise equipment and counting calories. She lost about 20 pounds (9 kg) and intended to lose another 5 pounds (2.3 kg). Her eating habits also changed around this time; she would try to remove food from her plate by offering tastes to others with whom she
4945-468: The Carpenters' studio sessions when she did not play drums herself, but Karen was informed about Blaine's involvement and she approved on the basis that she and Richard wanted hit singles. The duo was happy for Blaine to take the role in the studio, as he was a respected session musician and it was easier to record Carpenter's guide vocal without it spilling onto the drum mics. Blaine complemented Karen's drumming skills, but believed her greatest strength
5060-619: The Crystal Room of The Beverly Hills Hotel . Burris, divorced with an 18-year-old son, was nine years her senior. A few days prior to the ceremony, Carpenter was taped singing a new song, "Because We Are in Love", and the tape was played for guests during the wedding ceremony. The song, written by her brother and John Bettis, was released in 1981. The couple settled in Newport Beach . Carpenter wanted children, but Burris had undergone
5175-584: The Dick Carpenter Trio also appeared on the TV talent show Your All American College Show , performing " Dancing in the Street " with Carpenter playing the drums and singing. The Trio won the finals that year. A&M Records signed the Carpenters to a recording contract in 1969. Karen started out as both the group's drummer and co-lead singer, and she originally sang all of her vocals from behind
5290-569: The FDA's medical advisory board as a method to induce vomiting "for quick first-aid use in the home, under medical supervision", for use in cases of accidental poisoning . Current guidelines from the American Academy of Pediatrics , however, strongly advise against this and in fact recommend the disposal of any syrup of ipecac present in the home. Many toxicological associations have also issued position papers recommending against its use as
5405-523: The Hot 100. Because she was just 5 feet 4 inches (1.63 m) tall, it was difficult for people in the audience to see Karen behind her kit. After reviews complained that the group had no focal point in live shows, Richard and manager Sherwin Bash persuaded her to stand at the microphone to sing the band's hits while another musician played the drums (former Disney Mouseketeer Cubby O'Brien served as
5520-497: The Los Angeles suburb of Downey , after Harold was offered a job there by a former business associate. Carpenter entered Downey High School in 1964 at age 14 and was a year younger than her classmates. She joined the school marching band, initially to avoid exercising for gym classes. Bruce Gifford, the conductor (who had previously taught her brother), gave her the glockenspiel , an instrument she disliked, and after admiring
5635-525: The Oscar in the same year for her work on Shakespeare In Love . Haynes achieved his greatest critical and commercial success to date with Far from Heaven (2002), a 1950s-set drama inspired by the films of Douglas Sirk about a Connecticut housewife Cathy Whittaker ( Julianne Moore ) who discovers that her husband ( Dennis Quaid ) is secretly gay, and subsequently falls in love with Raymond, her African-American gardener ( Dennis Haysbert ). The film works as
5750-519: The United Kingdom. Carpenter's elder brother, Richard , developed an interest in music at an early age, becoming a piano prodigy . Karen's first words were "bye-bye" and "stop it", the latter spoken in response to Richard. She enjoyed dancing and by age four was enrolled in tap dancing and ballet classes; later on, she liked to play softball in the street. The family moved in June 1963 to
5865-407: The amount of marker removed by ipecac was highly variable and diminished with time. There is no evidence from clinical studies that ipecac improves the outcome of poisoned patients and its routine administration in the emergency department should be abandoned. There is insufficient data to support or exclude ipecac administration soon after poison ingestion. Ipecac may delay the administration or reduce
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#17327753486465980-436: The attention of a wider mainstream audience. In another radical shift in direction, Haynes's next film I'm Not There (2007) returned to the mythology of popular music, portraying the life and legend of Bob Dylan through seven fictional characters played by six actors: Richard Gere , Cate Blanchett , Marcus Carl Franklin , Heath Ledger , Ben Whishaw and Christian Bale . Haynes obtained Dylan's approval to proceed with
6095-587: The audience to fill in the holes themselves and make their own discoveries and feel like these ideas are alive again, because they’re coming through you, and they’re not just being told to us like in a lecture.” Haynes was nominated for the Critics' Choice Documentary Award for Best First Documentary Feature . Haynes's latest film, May December , reunites him with frequent collaborator Julianne Moore and co-stars Natalie Portman and Charles Melton . The film, loosely based around Mary Kay Letourneau , revolves around
6210-400: The band's other drummer for many years). She initially struggled in live performances singing solo, as she felt more secure behind the drum kit. After the release of Now & Then in 1973, the albums tended to have Carpenter singing more and drumming less, and she did become the focal point of all records and live performances; Bash said "she was the one that people watched". Starting with
6325-509: The basement." Carpenter always considered herself a "drummer who sang". She preferred Ludwig Drums , including the Ludwig SuperSensitive snare, which she favored greatly. However, she did not drum on every Carpenters recording. She was the only featured drummer on Ticket to Ride and on Now & Then , except for " Jambalaya ". According to Hal Blaine , Karen played on many of the album cuts and he played on most of
6440-480: The cinematic language of the period, Haynes updates the sexual and racial politics, showing scenarios (an inter-racial love affair and gay relationships) that would not have been permissible in Sirk's era. Haynes also resists a Sirkian happy ending, allowing the film to finish on a melancholy note closer in tone to the "weepy" melodramas of the 1940s and 1950s cinema such as Mildred Pierce . Far from Heaven debuted at
6555-477: The death of singer Karen Carpenter in 1983 who suffered from anorexia nervosa. It has also been used as an agent for Münchausen syndrome by proxy . The actions of ipecac are mainly those of major alkaloids , emetine (methylcephaeline) and cephaeline . They both act locally by irritating the gastric mucosa and centrally by stimulating the medullary chemoreceptor trigger zone to induce vomiting. Ipecac has been found to have minimal health benefits, and
6670-471: The documentary film The Velvet Underground (2021). Haynes also directed and co-wrote the HBO mini-series Mildred Pierce (2011), for which he received three Primetime Emmy Award nominations. Haynes was born January 2, 1961, in Los Angeles, and grew up in the city's Encino neighborhood. His father, Allen E. Haynes, was a cosmetics importer, and his mother, Sherry Lynne (née Semler), studied acting. Haynes
6785-516: The drum set. She sang most of the songs on the band's first album, Offering (later retitled Ticket to Ride ); her brother wrote ten of the album's thirteen songs and sang on five of them. The opening and concluding tracks were sung by both siblings in unison. As well as drumming, Karen played bass guitar on two songs, "All of My Life" and "Eve", under Osborn's guidance. On "All I Can Do", she played in 5/4 time, while "Your Wonderful Parade" featured multiple snare and bass drum overdubs to emulate
6900-540: The drummer rankings of every Playboy annual music poll from 1974 to 1980; Playboy ' s readers voted her as high as tenth best drummer in 1975 and tenth best pop/rock drummer 1976. On October 12, 1983, eight months after her death, the Carpenters received a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame. In 1999, VH1 ranked Carpenter at No. 29 on its list of the 100 Greatest Women of Rock and Roll. In 2010, Rolling Stone ranked Carpenter No. 94 on its list of
7015-584: The drums in high school and joined the Long Beach State choir after graduating. After several years of touring and recording, the Carpenters were signed to A&M Records in 1969, achieving enormous commercial and critical success throughout the 1970s. Initially, Carpenter was the band's full-time drummer, but she gradually took the role of frontwoman as her drumming was reduced to a handful of live showcases or tracks on albums. In 1975, Carpenter started exhibiting symptoms of anorexia nervosa due to
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#17327753486467130-567: The emetic role) by more effective medications, the American Society of Health-System Pharmacists (ASHP) now advises that "Ipecac syrup is no longer recommended for routine management of outpatient ingestions of medications or other chemicals." Ipecac is commonly made from alcohol extraction of the ipecacuanha plant. The extract is commonly mixed with glycerin, sugar (syrup), and methylparaben. The active ingredients are plant alkaloids, cephaeline, and methyl-cephaeline (emetine). Ipecac
7245-497: The exception of "The End of the World". Both films use the song " This Masquerade " in the background while showing Carpenter's marriage to Burris. The movie helped revive the Carpenters' critical standing and increased their music's popularity. Richard Carpenter helped in the production of the documentaries Close to You: Remembering The Carpenters (1997) and Only Yesterday: The Carpenters Story (2007). Randy Schmidt wrote
7360-462: The experiences of a quiet and gentle six-year-old boy in the early 1960s who has various indirect encounters with spanking, most significantly involving his idol, a TV sitcom star named Dottie. The film was aired on PBS . Haynes's second feature film, Safe (1995), was a critically acclaimed portrait of Carol White, a San Fernando Valley housewife (played by Julianne Moore ) who develops violent allergies to her middle-class suburban existence. After
7475-590: The film are still circulated, and the film is sporadically made available on YouTube. Haynes's 1991 feature film debut, Poison , garnered him further acclaim and controversy. Drawing on the writings of gay writer Jean Genet , the film is a triptych of queer -themed narratives, each adopting a different cinematic genre: vox-pop documentary ("Hero"), 50s sci-fi horror ("Horror") and gay prisoner romantic drama ("Homo"). The film explores traditional perceptions of homosexuality as an unnatural and deviant force, and presents Genet's vision of sado-masochistic gay relations as
7590-425: The film was an intentionally chaotic tribute to the 1970s glam rock era, drawing heavily on the rock histories and mythologies of glam rockers David Bowie , Iggy Pop and Lou Reed . Starting with Oscar Wilde as the spiritual godfather of glam rock, the film revels in the gender and identity experimentation and fashionable bisexuality of the era, and acknowledges the transformative power of glam rock as an escape and
7705-610: The film's sexual themes, was a source of controversy. The film subsequently became the center of a public attack by Reverend Donald Wildmon , head of the American Family Association , who criticized the NEA for funding Poison and other works by gay and lesbian artists and filmmakers. Wildmon, who had not viewed the film before making his comments publicly, condemned the film's "explicit porno scenes of homosexuals involved in anal sex", despite no such scenes appearing in
7820-537: The film, and the rights to use his music in the soundtrack, after presenting a one-page summary of the film's concept to Jeff Rosen, Dylan's long-time manager. I'm Not There premiered at the Venice Film Festival to critical acclaim, where Haynes won the Grand Jury Prize and Blanchett won the Volpi Cup, eventually receiving an Academy Award nomination for Best Supporting Actress . Haynes's next project
7935-441: The film. Poison went on to win the 1991 Sundance Film Festival 's Grand Jury Prize, establishing Haynes as an emerging talent and the voice of a new transgressive generation. The film writer B. Ruby Rich cited Poison as one of the defining films of the emerging New Queer Cinema movement, with its focus on maverick sexuality as an anti-establishment social force. Haynes's next short film, Dottie Gets Spanked (1993), explored
8050-557: The film. The movie describes two deaf children, one in 1927 and the other in 1977, who embark on separate quests to find themselves. When asked why he'd made a children's movie, in his October 15, 2017, NPR interview, Haynes explained, "I felt like it spoke to something indomitable about the nature of kids and the ability for kids to be confronted with challenges and the unknown and to keep muscling through those challenges." The film received mixed reviews but earned praise for Edward Lachman 's black-and-white cinematography . Haynes directed
8165-677: The floor of a walk-in closet at her parents' home in Downey. Paramedics found her unconscious and in cardiac arrest , with her heart beating once every 10 seconds (6 bpm). She was rushed by ambulance to Downey Community Hospital , where she was pronounced dead at 9:51 a.m., at the age of 32. Carpenter's funeral was held on February 8, 1983, at Downey United Methodist Church . Approximately 1,000 mourners attended, including her friends Dionne Warwick, Dorothy Hamill , Olivia Newton-John , and Petula Clark . Her estranged husband, Thomas Burris, placed his wedding ring into her casket. Carpenter
8280-491: The greatest opportunity for personal and social freedom. Many of his films are unconventional portraits of popular artists and musicians ( Karen Carpenter in Superstar , David Bowie in Velvet Goldmine and Bob Dylan in I'm Not There ). Haynes's films often feature formal cinematic or narrative devices that challenge received notions of identity and sexuality and remind the audience of the artificiality of film as
8395-487: The greatest voices of our lifetime" by Elton John . In the BBC documentary Only Yesterday: The Carpenters Story , her friend Nicky Chinn said that John Lennon walked up to her at a Los Angeles restaurant and told her "I want to tell you, love, that you've got a fabulous voice." Her drumming has been praised by fellow musicians Hal Blaine , Cubby O'Brien and Buddy Rich , and by Modern Drummer magazine. She appeared in
8510-636: The impossibility of ever truly knowing what motivates others in this layered look at the actor’s process." The film went on to receive nominations for four Golden Globe Awards including Best Motion Picture – Musical or Comedy . Haynes himself was nominated for the Independent Spirit Award for Best Director . In 2023, Todd Haynes was given a Moving Image Award by the Museum of the Moving Image (MOMI) in New York City. MOMI also curated
8625-412: The independent film scene, launching Apparatus Productions, a non-profit organization for the support of independent film. According to Cinematic/Sexual: An Interview with Todd Haynes , in response to whether his academic background affected his film-making practice, Haynes stated that his high school teacher taught him a valuable lesson: "Reality can't be a criterion for judging the success or failure of
8740-417: The making of the albums. Goldmine said the book "provided a candid and detailed look at much of what went into the Carpenters' sound as well as Richard's personal thoughts on the music business today." Ipecac Syrup of ipecac ( / ˈ ɪ p ɪ k æ k / ), or simply ipecac , is a drug that was once widely used as an expectorant (in low doses) and a rapid-acting emetic (in higher doses). It
8855-454: The marriage was "the straw that broke the camel's back. It was absolutely the worst thing that could have ever happened to her." In September 1981, Carpenter revised her will and left her marital home and its contents to Burris, but left everything else to her brother and parents, including her fortune estimated at between $ 5 million and $ 10 million ($ 14 million and $ 28 million in 2023). Two months later, following an argument after
8970-474: The medication in conjunction with increased consumption (as many as 90 tablets per night) of the laxatives upon which she had long relied, which caused food to pass quickly through her digestive tract . Despite Levenkron's treatment, including confiscation of medications that Carpenter had misused, her condition continued to deteriorate, and she lost more weight eventually reaching an all time low of 77 pounds. She told Levenkron that she felt dizzy and that her heart
9085-408: The mirror and whispering "I love you" to her reflection. The film is notable for its critical (though not entirely unsympathetic) treatment of its main character. Julie Grossman argues in her article "The Trouble With Carol" that Haynes concludes the film as a challenge to traditional Hollywood film narratives of the heroine taking charge of her life, and that Haynes sets Carol up as the victim both of
9200-404: The mothers refused to give her daughter permission to attend their first gig. In 1965, Karen, Richard, and his college friend Wes Jacobs, a bassist and tuba player, formed the Dick Carpenter Trio. The band rehearsed daily and played jazz in nightclubs. Richard later said he was impressed with his sister's musical talent, adding that she would "speedily maneuver the sticks as if she had been born in
9315-402: The music business but were not aware of Karen's musical talent. She continued to live with them until 1974. In 1976, Carpenter bought two Century City apartments that she combined into one, and the doorbell chimed the opening notes of "We've Only Just Begun." She collected Disney memorabilia and liked to play softball and baseball. As a child, she had played baseball with other children on
9430-479: The music business created difficulty in meeting people and that she refused to wed simply for the sake of being married. Carpenter admitted to Newton-John that she longed for a happy marriage and family. She later dated several notable men including Mike Curb , Tony Danza , Terry Ellis , Tom Bahler , Mark Harmon , Steve Martin , Alan Osmond , and Bill Hudson . After a whirlwind romance, she married real-estate developer Thomas James Burris on August 31, 1980, in
9545-482: The music to worry about it". She graduated from Downey High School in the spring of 1967, receiving the John Philip Sousa Band Award, and enrolled as a music major at Long Beach State , where she performed in the college choir with Richard. Karen subsequently became more confident in singing and began to take lessons with Frank Pooler , the choir's director. She worked with him on developing
9660-423: The music, prompting a lawsuit from Karen's brother Richard for copyright infringement. Carpenter was reportedly also offended by Haynes's unflattering portrayal of him as a narcissistic bully, along with several broadly dropped suggestions that he was gay and in the closet . Carpenter won his lawsuit, and Superstar was removed from public distribution; to date, it may not be viewed publicly. Bootlegged versions of
9775-636: The performance of her friend and classmate, drummer Frankie Chavez (who had been playing from an early age and idolized jazz drummer Buddy Rich ), she asked if she could play those instead. Carpenter wanted a Ludwig drum set because it was used by her favorite drummers, Joe Morello and Ringo Starr . Chavez persuaded her family to buy her a $ 300 (the equivalent of $ 2,900 in 2023) Ludwig kit, and he began to show her how to play. Her enthusiasm for drumming led to teaching herself how to play complicated lines and studying stick control, drum styles, playing technique, and grips like traditional and matched grip . She
9890-516: The problem had begun after her marriage began to fail. "This is a sad day, but at the same time a very special and beautiful day to my family and me. My only regret is that Karen is not physically here to share it with us, but I know that she is very much alive in our minds, and in our hearts". Richard Carpenter speaking at the Hollywood Walk of Fame , 1983 Reacting to Carpenter's death, songwriter Burt Bacharach said that she "had
10005-463: The received norms of their society. In the Haynes universe, sexuality (especially "deviant" or unconventional sexuality) is a subversive and dangerous force that disrupts social norms and is often repressed brutally by dominant power structures. Haynes presents artists as the ultimate subversive force since they must necessarily stand outside of societal norms, with an artist's creative output representing
10120-439: The severe pressures of fame and her complicated family dynamics. She was never able to recover and died at the age of 32 in 1983 from complications of the disease, which was little-known outside celebrity circles at the time; Carpenter's death launched widespread attention and research into eating disorders and body dysmorphia . Interest in her life and death has spawned numerous documentaries and films. Karen Anne Carpenter
10235-473: The siblings formed the group Spectrum, which focused on a harmonious vocal sound and recorded many demo tapes in Osborn's garage studio, working out how to overdub voices onto multitrack tape. Many of those tapes were rejected by record companies. The group had difficulty attracting a live following, as their sound was too dissimilar from the hard rock and psychedelic rock then popular in clubs. In 1968,
10350-417: The solo record after a remix. A&M subsequently charged Carpenter $ 400,000 to cover the cost of recording her unreleased album, to be paid out of the duo's future royalties. A portion of the solo album was commercially released in 1989, when some of its tracks as Richard's remixes were included on the album Lovelines , the final album of previously unreleased material from the Carpenters. Not until 1996
10465-460: The sound of a marching band . The track "Ticket to Ride", a Beatles song that later became the album's title track, was released as the Carpenters' first single; it reached No. 54 on the Billboard Hot 100 . Their next album, 1970's Close to You , featured two hit singles: " (They Long to Be) Close to You " and " We've Only Just Begun ". They peaked at No. 1 and No. 2, respectively, on
10580-492: The stomach purging produced by ipecac to be far less effective at lowering total body poison concentrations than the adsorption effect of oral activated charcoal (which is effective through the entire gastrointestinal tract and is often coupled with whole bowel irrigation ). Ipecac also presents a small risk of overdose (being a mild poison itself) and a major risk of esophagitis and aspiration pneumonia if used to purge corrosive poisons. Having long been replaced (even in
10695-535: The street and was selected before her brother for games. She studied baseball statistics carefully and became a fan of the New York Yankees . In the early 1970s, she became the pitcher on a celebrity all-star softball team. Carpenter's celebrity friends included Petula Clark , Olivia Newton-John , and Dionne Warwick . While she was enjoying success as a female drummer in what was primarily an all-male occupation, Carpenter's ideas were not in line with
10810-620: The time of death was 1,110 milligrams per deciliter (61.6 mmol/L), more than 10 times the average. Two years later, the coroner told colleagues that Carpenter's heart failure was caused by repeated use of ipecac syrup , an over-the-counter drug ( emetic ) often used to induce vomiting in cases of overdosing or poisoning. This claim was disputed by Levenkron, who said that he had never known her to use ipecac and that he had not seen evidence that she had been vomiting. Carpenter's friends were convinced that she had abused laxatives and thyroid medication to maintain her low body weight and felt that
10925-433: The truth. Slade flirts with bisexuality and decadence before staging his own death in a live performance and disappearing from the scene, echoing Bowie's own disavowal of glam rock in the late 1970s and his subsequent re-creation as an avowedly heterosexual pop star. The film features a love affair between Slade and Wild's characters, recalling rumors about Bowie and Reed's supposed sexual relationship. Curt Wild's character has
11040-472: The upper register so she would have a full three-octave range and he taught her a mixture of classical and pop singing. Pooler later said "Karen was a born pop singer". By age 17, her voice "was a remarkable instrument". The first public performance of Karen and Richard was in a local production of Frank Loesser 's musical Guys and Dolls . Carpenter's first band was Two Plus Two, an all-girl trio formed with friends from Downey High. They split up after one of
11155-424: The use of other treatments (e.g., activated charcoal , whole bowel irrigation , or oral antidotes ) or make them less effective. Ipecac has been used by people with bulimia nervosa as a means to achieve weight loss through induced vomiting . Repeated use in this manner is believed to cause damage to the heart and muscles, which can ultimately result in the user's death. Misuse of ipecac has been blamed for
11270-453: Was Mildred Pierce , a five-hour miniseries for HBO based on the novel by James M. Cain and the 1945 film starring Joan Crawford . The series starred Kate Winslet in the title role and featured Guy Pearce , Evan Rachel Wood , Melissa Leo , James LeGros and Hope Davis . Filming was completed in mid-2010 and the series began airing on HBO on 27 March 2011. It received 21 Primetime Emmy Award nominations, winning five, and Winslet won
11385-567: Was an American singer and drummer who formed half of the highly successful duo Carpenters with her older brother Richard . With a distinctive three- octave contralto range, she was praised by her peers for her vocal skills. Carpenter's work continues to attract praise, including appearing on Rolling Stone ' s 2010 list of the 100 greatest singers of all time. Carpenter was born in New Haven, Connecticut , and moved to Downey, California , in 1963 with her family. She began to study
11500-563: Was as a vocalist and thought himself more adept at working in a recording studio, which required a different approach from that of an onstage performance. On Made in America , Karen provided percussion on " Those Good Old Dreams " in tandem with Paulinho da Costa , and played drums on the song "When It's Gone (It's Just Gone)" in unison with Larrie Londin . In the mid-1970s, Richard Carpenter developed an addiction to Quaaludes . The Carpenters frequently canceled tour dates, and stopped touring altogether after their September 4, 1978 concert at
11615-632: Was beating irregularly. In September 1982, she was admitted to Lenox Hill Hospital in New York, where she was placed on intravenous parenteral nutrition . The procedure was successful, and she gained 30 pounds in a relatively short time, but this put a strain on her heart, which was already weak from years of anorexia. She maintained a relatively stable weight for the rest of her life. Carpenter returned to California in November 1982, determined to reinvigorate her career, finalize her divorce and begin
11730-470: Was born on March 2, 1950, at Grace New Haven Hospital (now called Yale New Haven Hospital) in New Haven , Connecticut, the daughter of Agnes Reuwer (March 5, 1915 – November 10, 1996) and Harold Bertram Carpenter (November 8, 1908 – October 15, 1988). Harold was born in Wuzhou , China , where his parents were missionaries . Before finding work in the printing business, he was educated at boarding schools in
11845-668: Was buried at Forest Lawn Memorial Park in Cypress, California . In 2003, her body was moved, along with those of her parents, to a private mausoleum at the Pierce Brothers Valley Oaks Memorial Park in Westlake Village, California . An autopsy released on March 11, 1983, discounted drug overdose , attributing Carpenter's death to " emetine cardiotoxicity due to or as a consequence of anorexia nervosa ." Her blood sugar level at
11960-447: Was dining. By September 1975, Carpenter weighed 91 pounds (41 kg). At live performances, fans reacted with gasps to her gaunt appearance, and many wrote to the pair to ask what was wrong. She refused to declare publicly that she was suffering from an eating disorder; in a 1981 Nationwide TV-interview, when asked point blank about anorexia, she simply said she was "pooped". However, she and those around her knew that something
12075-425: Was hoping to find a quick solution to her problem, as she had performing and recording obligations, but the doctor told her that treatment could last from one to three years. She then chose to be treated in New York City by psychotherapist Steven Levenkron . By late 1981, Carpenter was taking thyroid-replacement medication, which she obtained using the name of Karen Burris, to increase her metabolism . She used
12190-649: Was initially expected to just be the drummer, Karen tried singing and impressed everyone there with her distinctive voice. Osborn signed a recording contract with her for his label, Magic Lamp Records; he was not particularly interested in Richard's involvement. In 1967, Jacobs left the trio to study at the Juilliard School , and the Carpenter siblings were keen to try out other musical styles. Along with other musicians, including Gary Sims and John Bettis ,
12305-467: Was nominated for 6 Academy Awards, 5 Golden Globe Awards, 9 BAFTA Awards , and 6 Independent Spirit Awards . Geoffrey McNab of The Independent praised the film praising Haynes writing "In sly and subversive fashion, Haynes is laying bare the tensions in a society that refuses to acknowledge "difference" of any sort". McNabb added, "They are both helped that in Todd Haynes, they have a director who
12420-541: Was released on November 22, 2019. Haynes's premiered his first documentary feature, The Velvet Underground , at the Cannes Film Festival on July 7, 2021, and it went on to be released on October 15, 2021, in theaters and on Apple TV+ , to critical acclaim. The film rejects documentary biopic tropes, evoking a place and time through extensive use of montage. “What montage can do is always more sophisticated than we give it credit for,” Haynes says. “I wanted
12535-434: Was reputed to have used to make herself vomit during her illness). Carpenter's chronic weight loss was portrayed by using a "Karen" Barbie doll with the face and body whittled away with a knife, leaving the doll looking skeletonized. Superstar featured extensive use of Carpenter songs, showcasing Haynes's love of popular music (which would be a recurring feature of later films). Haynes failed to obtain proper licensing to use
12650-494: Was talented, rehearsed every day and within a year, she could play in complex time signatures, such as the 4 in Dave Brubeck 's " Take Five ". Carpenter began to study drum technique with Bill Douglass , a well-respected jazz drummer with Benny Goodman and Art Tatum, and soon after she acquired a professional drum kit. Carpenter was initially nervous about performing in public, but said she "was too involved in
12765-567: Was the complete solo album, titled Karen Carpenter , finally released as originally intended. Rob Hoerburger wrote in The New York Times that it may not have been the album to define Carpenter's career, "but it holds up with anything that like-minded singers – Streisand, Newton-John – were recording at the time". Carpenter had a complicated relationship with her parents, especially with her mother Agnes. The family moved to Los Angeles from Connecticut in order for Richard to enter
12880-500: Was the last song Carpenter recorded, in April 1982. Though Richard was concerned about her health, he still thought her voice sounded as good as ever. Carpenter released her first solo record, "Looking for Love" / "I'll Be Yours", in 1967 on Osborn's Magic Lamp label. Only 500 copies were pressed, and the label folded shortly afterwards. In 1979, while Richard took a year off to treat his addiction, Karen started recording in New York for
12995-571: Was used in cough mixtures as an expectorant or an emetic from the 18th until the early 20th century. For instance, ipecac and opium were used to produce Dover's powder , which was used in syrup form. In 1965, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved the sale of up to one ounce of syrup of ipecac without a prescription. At the time it was approved, its use was recommended by the American Academy of Pediatrics , American Association of Poison Control Centers , American Medical Association , and
13110-474: Was vibrant and outgoing, exclaiming, "Look at me! I've got an ass!" She also began to write songs for the first time after returning to California and told Warwick that she had "a lot of living left to do”. On February 1, 1983, Carpenter saw her brother for the last time and discussed new plans for the group and for resumed touring. On February 4, Carpenter was scheduled to sign papers to finalize her divorce. Shortly after waking up that morning, she collapsed on
13225-526: Was wrong. Dionne Warwick wrote that when meeting Carpenter for lunch in New York in 1981, "It was shocking to see how very thin she was." In an interview after Karen's death, Richard said that he was aware that Karen was unhealthily dieting starting around 1975 but that neither he nor their parents knew how to help her. In 1981, she told Richard that there was a problem and that she needed help with it. Carpenter spoke with Cherry Boone , who had recovered from anorexia, and contacted Boone's doctor for help. She
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