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143-522: Tokyo Dome ( 東京ドーム , Tōkyō Dōmu ) is an indoor stadium in Bunkyō, Tokyo, Japan . It was designed as a baseball stadium following its predecessor, Korakuen Stadium (whose former site is now occupied by the Tokyo Dome Hotel and a plaza for this stadium). In Japan, it is often used as a unit of size; for example, "the new construction is five times the size of Tokyo Dome." Construction on

286-474: A bases loaded single by Brandon Crawford in the seventh inning, and Giancarlo Stanton scored the inning's third run with an RBI single. Meanwhile, Stroman did not allow a hit for the first six innings of play. The United States added another run in the eighth inning with an RBI single by McCutchen. The United States completed the shutout to win the championship. Stroman was named the tournament's Most Valuable Player . In January 2020, MLB announced that

429-587: A professional wrestling event at Tokyo Dome, currently titled Wrestle Kingdom , on January 4 of each year, since 1992. The event expanded in 2020 to two nights, with the second night on January 5; the event went back to one night in 2024 . The event is the biggest in Japanese professional wrestling , and has been compared to WWE 's flagship U.S. event WrestleMania in terms of size and significance. Other companies such as All Japan Pro Wrestling , Pro Wrestling NOAH , and WWE had previously held major events in

572-551: A roller coaster named Thunder Dolphin and a hubless Ferris wheel . The grounds also have an onsen called Spa LaQua, various shops, restaurants, video game centers, the largest JRA WINS horse race betting complex in Tokyo, and Oft Korakuen , which caters to rural horse races. Tokyo Dome has been chosen as one of the baseball stadiums to hold international baseball tournaments since the 2000s. The Tokyo Dome has been selected to host all six World Baseball Classics through 2026. It

715-539: A tensegrity structure . But, in the context of sports stadiums, the term "dome" has become standard for all covered stadiums, particularly because the first such enclosed stadium, the Houston Astrodome , was built with an actual dome-shaped roof. Some stadiums have partial roofs, and a few have even been designed to have moveable fields as part of the infrastructure. The Caesars Superdome in New Orleans

858-519: A 2.35 ERA over three starts and no-hit Puerto Rico through six innings in an 8–0 win in the Finals. In 2023, Los Angeles Angels two-way superstar Shohei Ohtani claimed MVP honors after slashing .435/.606/.739 as a hitter and posting a 1.86 ERA and 11 strikeouts in 9 2 ⁄ 3 innings as a pitcher, also pitching the final inning of Japan's win over the US in the final. At the end of each edition of

1001-485: A 3 - 2 lead, two outs, and no runners on base in the bottom of the ninth inning, Japan's Shohei Ohtani - one of the best pitchers in recent memory - stood on the mound as his Angels teammate Mike Trout , widely considered the greatest player of his generation, stepped up to the plate. After the first pitch of this iconic matchup, Fox Sports commentator Joe Davis reflected on the spectacle, saying, "As Benji Gil said last night, 'Baseball's already won.'" The two battled to

1144-546: A crowd of 5,193 at the Tokyo Dome on March 3, 2006. South Korea went on to advance to the semifinals with a 6–0 record but lost to Japan (a team South Korea had beaten twice in the earlier rounds) for a berth in the final game. Meanwhile, Cuba defeated the Dominican Republic in the other semifinal. Both countries had to go through two rounds of group stages and the semi-finals in knockout format to reach

1287-488: A disagreement over participation in the tournament. While the owners initially agreed to the invitation, the players' union was concerned about the time of year the tournament was scheduled to take place, as well as their right to be better represented for the 2009 tournament. On September 16, 2005, after four months of negotiations, NPB officially notified the IBAF and MLB they had accepted the invitation. The 16-team field for

1430-405: A few municipally owned stadiums, which are often known by a name that is significant to their area (for example, Boston 's Fenway Park ). In recent years, some government-owned stadiums have also been subject to naming-rights agreements, with some or all of the revenue often going to the team(s) that play there. One consequence of corporate naming has been an increase in stadium name changes, when

1573-563: A final score of ten to six. The aftermath of the final most notably included notice from Major League Baseball , from Cuba's increase in defection to Matsuzaka's impact for the World Series champion Boston Red Sox in the next year. featured the same 16 teams as 2006, but the controversial round-robin format from 2006 was replaced by a modified double-elimination format for the first two rounds (the semifinals and final game remained single-elimination). The eight teams advancing from

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1716-490: A fireworks display. Upon its completion the stadium was the first joint purpose-built football stadium in the world. The architect Archibald Leitch brought his experience with the construction of industrial buildings to bear on the design of functional stadiums up and down the country. His work encompassed the first 40 years of the 20th century. One of his most notable designs was Old Trafford in Manchester. The ground

1859-899: A follow-up tournament in 2009. The IBAF merged with the International Softball Federation in 2013 to form the World Baseball Softball Confederation . That same year, the WBSC discontinued the Baseball World Cup, last held in 2011, making the World Baseball Classic one of the two main senior baseball tournaments sanctioned by the WBSC, alongside the Premier 12 ; however, the WBC is the only one which grants to

2002-403: A football pitch with a running track , although certain compromises must be made. The major drawback is that the stands are necessarily set back a good distance from the pitch, especially at the ends of the pitch. In the case of some smaller stadiums, there are not stands at the ends. When there are stands all the way around, the stadium takes on an oval shape. When one end is open, the stadium has

2145-465: A full count. Ohtani would lure Trout to swing and miss with a gutsy slider down and away, sealing the victory for Japan. After the match, the team was congratulated for their victory by Japanese prime minister Fumio Kishida . With Japan's win over USA in the championship game, they became the second team to win the World Baseball classic without losing a single game the entire tournament, after

2288-452: A growing game. All of the 19th-century wooden parks were replaced, some after a few years, and none survive today. Goodison Park was the first purpose-built association football stadium in the world. Walton -based building firm Kelly brothers were instructed to erect two uncovered stands that could each accommodate 4,000 spectators. A third covered stand accommodating 3,000 spectators was also requested. Everton officials were impressed with

2431-471: A horseshoe shape. All three configurations (open, oval and horseshoe) are common, especially in the case of American college football stadiums. Rectangular stadiums are more common in Europe, especially for football where many stadiums have four often distinct and very different stands on the four sides of the stadium. These are often all of different sizes and designs and have been erected at different periods in

2574-417: A pair of six-team double-elimination tournaments, from which the winners and runners-up advanced to play in the 2023 WBC. The tournament is one of the world's most viewed baseball events. The 2023 tournament was broadcast in 163 territories through 63 media partners, and it was broadcast in 13 languages around the globe. and received US$ 100 million in benefits, In Japan , nearly 100 million people watched

2717-531: A results, those participating in top-level professional baseball leagues in the United States, Japan, and elsewhere were not included. Although both competition formally rescinded their amateur-only status in the 1990s, allowing professional players to participate, there was little participation from major league players. Nevertheless, the idea of a tournament with the express involvement of top-level professional ballplayers had been seriously considered since

2860-492: A run on an RBI single by Andrew McCutchen in the fourth inning, and Ryosuke Kikuchi hit a home run for Japan in the sixth inning to tie the game. The United States scored another run in the eighth inning to take the lead, and Luke Gregerson earned the save . Though the Japanese team was considered the strongest defensive team in the WBC, mistakes by Kikuchi at second base and Nobuhiro Matsuda at third base led to each of

3003-580: A similarly high-profile field, with a number of players such as Hall of Famers Pedro Martínez , Iván Rodríguez and Chipper Jones and the major international debuts of Cuba's Yoenis Céspedes and Aroldis Chapman . For the 2013 tournament, Japanese players threatened to boycott the event despite its domestic popularity, before later agreeing to take part after reaching a compromise in September 2012 with tournament organizers on sharing sponsorship and licensing revenue. Nevertheless, many key players from

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3146-459: A single sport while others can accommodate different events, particularly ones with retractable seating . Stadiums built specifically for association football are common in Europe; Gaelic games stadiums, such as Croke Park , are common in Ireland, while stadiums built specifically for baseball or American football are common in the United States. The most common multiple use design combines

3289-481: A two-run double in the first inning, giving the Dominican Republic the lead. Erick Aybar had the game's third run batted in for the Dominican Republic. Deduno recorded five strikeouts in five scoreless innings pitched and Fernando Rodney completed the game with a save , his seventh of the tournament. Four Dominican relief pitchers combined for 4 scoreless innings. This was the third time in

3432-618: A very high level. Therefore, the stakes of the encounter were high. Meanwhile, Japan faced Mexico in the semifinals, who were on a Cinderella run , majorly led by Tampa Bay Rays outfielder Randy Arozarena . After defeating Cuba in the semifinals by a wide margin, the United States faced another great rival, Japan , in the final. The final was incredibly popular in Japan, drawing over 54 million Japanese viewers. Shota Imanaga started for Japan, while Merrill Kelly started for USA. With

3575-439: Is a place or venue for (mostly) outdoor sports, concerts, or other events and consists of a field or stage completely surrounded by a tiered structure designed to allow spectators to stand or sit and view the event. Pausanias noted that for about half a century the only event at the ancient Greek Olympic festival was the race that comprised one length of the stadion at Olympia , where the word "stadium" originated. Most of

3718-680: Is a true dome structure made of a lamellar multi-ringed frame and has a diameter of 680 feet (210 m). It is the largest fixed domed structure in the world. Even though enclosed, dome stadiums are called stadiums because they are large enough for, and designed for, what are generally considered to be outdoor sports such as athletics, American football , association football , rugby , and baseball . Those designed for what are usually indoor sports like basketball, ice hockey and volleyball are generally called arenas . Exceptions include: Different sports require different playing surfaces of various size and shape. Some stadiums are designed primarily for

3861-622: Is also the location of the Japanese Baseball Hall of Fame which chronicles the history of baseball in Japan . It has also hosted international baseball tournaments such as the World Baseball Classic and WBSC Premier12 , Major League Baseball , music concerts , basketball , American football , and association football games, as well as puroresu (pro-wrestling) matches, mixed martial arts events, kickboxing events, and monster truck races. It became

4004-525: Is an air-supported structure , a cable-reinforced 0.8 mm flexible fiberglass membrane supported by slightly pressurizing the inside of the stadium with 150,000 m/hour using independent blowers. It was developed by Nikken Sekkei and Takenaka Corporation , and modeled after the Hubert H. Humphrey Metrodome . It is the home field of the Yomiuri Giants baseball team. On March 18, 1988, the day after

4147-514: Is an international baseball tournament sanctioned by the World Baseball Softball Confederation (WBSC), the sport's global governing body, and organized in partnership with Major League Baseball (MLB) and Major League Baseball Players Association (MLBPA). The winning team is awarded the World Baseball Classic Championship Trophy . It is one of the two main senior baseball tournaments sanctioned by

4290-733: Is the Nippon Professional Baseball league of Japan, in which many of the teams are themselves named after their parent corporations. Also, many newer European football stadiums, such as the University of Bolton and Emirates Stadiums in England and Signal Iduna Park and Allianz Arena in Germany have been corporately named. This new trend in corporate naming (or renaming) is distinguishable from names of some older venues, such as Crosley Field , Wrigley Field , and

4433-419: Is the first of its kind to have national teams featuring professional players from the top-level major leagues around the world, including Major League Baseball and Nippon Professional Baseball (NPB). In addition to providing a format for the best baseball players in the world to compete against one another while representing their home countries, the World Baseball Classic was created in order to further promote

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4576-618: The 1908 Summer Olympics in London is often cited as the first modern seater stadium, at least in the UK. Designed by the engineer J.J. Webster and completed in 10 months by George Wimpey , on the site of the Franco-British Exhibition , this stadium with a seating capacity of 68,000 was opened by King Edward VII on 27 April 1908. Upon completion, the stadium had a running track 24 ft wide (7.3 m) and three laps to

4719-543: The 2004 Summer Olympics . The excavation and refurbishment of the stadium was part of the legacy of the Greek national benefactor Evangelos Zappas , and it was the first ancient stadium to be used in modern times. Stadiums in ancient Greece and Rome were built for different purposes, and at first only the Greeks built structures called "stadium"; Romans built structures called " circus ". Greek stadia were for foot races, whereas

4862-794: The Allianz Arena in Munich was called the FIFA World Cup Stadium, Munich during the tournament. Likewise, the same stadium will be known as the "München Arena" during the European Competitions. Similar rules affect the Imtech Arena and Veltins-Arena . This rule applies even if the stadium sponsor is an official FIFA sponsor—the Johannesburg stadium then commercially known as "Coca-Cola Park", bearing

5005-489: The Boston Red Sox of America's Major League Baseball . Again in the 2009 World Baseball Classic, Matsuzaka received the world classic MVP, finishing with a record of 3–0 and an ERA of 2.54. In 2013, Robinson Canó won MVP after hitting .469 with two home runs and six RBI over the course of the tournament. Toronto Blue Jays pitcher Marcus Stroman took home the award in 2017 for the United States. Stroman posted

5148-565: The Confessions Tour . Mariah Carey performed there for the first time on her Daydream World Tour , on the 7, 10 and 14 of March in 1996, bringing in a total of 150,000 people with the 3 dates, she obtained the record for best-selling tickets in less than 1 hour. In 1998, the singer returned to Japan on her Butterfly World Tour , where she broke her old record, this time selling out 200,000 tickets in less than 1 hour, there were 4 shows, on January 11, 14, 17 and 20. She would return to

5291-621: The International Baseball Federation and held 38 times from 1938 to 2011; it was known as the Amateur World Series until 1988. The inaugural 1938 Amateur World Series was contested by Great Britain and the United States over a series of five games from August 13 to 20 in England , and was won by Great Britain . Cuba was by far the most successful team at the Baseball World Cup, winning 25 of

5434-647: The KBO League . Venues are located in either indoor baseball domes or at outdoor baseball stadiums which have mild or moderately warm temperatures during early spring. Despite the absence of many elite MLB pitchers due to exposure or conditioning limits set by their club employers and insurance underwriting issues and non-standardization, the tournament continues to attract a star-studded field of elite baseball players, particularly among position players who are potent batters . In 2006, many high caliber players from both Major League Baseball and in leagues around

5577-638: The National Football League or the American Football League . (To a certain extent, this continues in lower football leagues as well, with the venue now known as Charles Schwab Field Omaha being used as the home stadium of the United Football League's Omaha Nighthawks .) Along with today's single use stadiums is the trend for retro-style ballparks closer to downtown areas. Oriole Park at Camden Yards

5720-640: The Summer Olympics and the FIFA World Cup (of association football), during which cities often pledge to build new stadiums in order to satisfy the International Olympic Committee (IOC) or FIFA . In recent decades, to help take the burden of the massive expense of building and maintaining a stadium, many American and European sports teams have sold the rights to the name of the facility. This trend, which began in

5863-734: The Tampa Bay Devil Rays played two games in the stadium to start the 2004 season . The Boston Red Sox and the Oakland Athletics opened the 2008 MLB season in Japan, and also competed against Japanese teams. To open the 2012 season the Seattle Mariners and the Athletics, the former of which had Ichiro Suzuki , played a two-game series on March 28–29. In game one Seattle – led by Ichiro's 4 hits – won 3–1 in 11 innings. The Mariners and Athletics returned to

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6006-404: The " Jamaican bobsled team of the WBC". On the other hand, Defending champion Dominican Republic extended its WBC winning streak to 11 games, dating to the 2013 tournament, before being eliminated in the second round. The United States won its first WBC championship, defeating Japan and Puerto Rico in the semifinals and finals, respectively. Puerto Rico reached the championship undefeated in

6149-654: The 1960s stadiums began to be used as live venues for popular music, giving rise to the term " stadium rock ", particularly for forms of hard rock and progressive rock . The origins of stadium rock are sometimes dated to when the Beatles played Shea Stadium in New York in 1965. Also important was the use of large stadiums for American tours by bands in the later 1960s, such as the Rolling Stones , Grand Funk Railroad and Led Zeppelin . The tendency developed in

6292-604: The 1970s, but accelerated greatly in the 1990s, has led to sponsors' names being affixed to both established stadiums and new ones. In some cases, the corporate name replaces (with varying degrees of success) the name by which the venue has been known for many years. But many of the more recently built stadiums, like the Volkswagen Arena in Wolfsburg , Germany, have never been known by a non-corporate name. The sponsorship phenomenon has since spread worldwide. There remain

6435-532: The 1990s. In several cases, an American football stadium has been constructed adjacent to a baseball park , to allow for the sharing of mutual parking lots and other amenities. With the rise of MLS, the construction of soccer-specific stadiums has also increased since the late 1990s to better fit the needs of that sport. In many cases, earlier baseball stadiums were constructed to fit into a particular land area or city block. This resulted in asymmetrical dimensions for many baseball fields. Yankee Stadium , for example,

6578-640: The 1996 game between the San Diego Chargers and Pittsburgh Steelers , three Japanese linebackers – Takuro Abe, Shigemasa Ito, and Takahiro Ikenoue of the World League of American Football – became the first Japanese players to participate in an NFL game; Abe and Ito sporadically appeared on special teams for the Chargers, while Ikenoue was part of the Steelers' defense. College football

6721-474: The 2009 Japanese team such as Yu Darvish , Ichiro, and Hisashi Iwakuma decided not to participate. However, other prominent MLB players accepted selections from their national teams, such as Miguel Cabrera , David Wright , R. A. Dickey , Joey Votto , Adrián González , Robinson Canó , and José Reyes , among many others. In 2017, former All-Stars such as Adam Jones , Chris Archer , Buster Posey , Paul Goldschmidt , Andrew McCutchen and others played for

6864-539: The 2021 WBC would be expanded to 20 teams. The additional four participants would be determined through qualifying tournaments, which were originally planned to take place in March 2020. However, on March 12, 2020, Major League Baseball announced that the 2021 tournament would be postponed due to the COVID-19 pandemic . The collective bargaining agreement (CBA) from the 2021–22 Major League Baseball lockout planned for

7007-583: The 39 editions. Baseball was also intermittently played at the Summer Olympic Games as early as 1912 , although it was not recognized as an official demonstration sport until the 1984 Los Angeles Games . It would take another eight years, at the 1992 Games , for baseball to be accorded the status of a medal sport. For most of their history, the Olympics and Baseball World Cup were open only to amateur (i.e. non-professional) players ; as

7150-533: The All–WBC team twice. Japanese two-way player Shohei Ohtani is the only player to be named to the All-WBC team at two separate positions, having been named to the 2023 team as both a designated hitter and a pitcher. Overall, players representing 12 countries have been named to an All-WBC team, with Japan leading the way with 12 representatives. All-time WBC individual leaders in various statistical categories through

7293-546: The Badgers' seniors would get their opportunity to enjoy a bowl game atmosphere. The Tokyo Dome is also the regular home for championship matches for Japan's domestic American football leagues, including the professional X-League 's Japan X Bowl and Rice Bowl . In 1993, Aston Villa played Verdy Kawasaki in a friendly match. In 1989, the United States Hot Rod Association hosted one of

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7436-608: The Dominican Republic, while Giancarlo Alvarado started for Puerto Rico. 35,703 fans attended the game at AT&T Park in San Francisco . An additional 50,000 Dominican fans watched the game at Estadio Quisqueya in Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic . In Puerto Rico, the final was the most watched sporting event for the past year with nearly three-fourths of all households tuning in. Edwin Encarnación hit

7579-668: The Games consisted of a single event, a sprint along the length of the stadium. Greek and Roman stadiums have been found in numerous ancient cities, perhaps the most famous being the Stadium of Domitian , in Rome. The excavated and refurbished ancient Panathenaic Stadium hosted attempted revivals of the Olympic Games in 1870 and 1875 before hosting the first modern Olympics in 1896 , the 1906 Intercalated Games , and some events of

7722-431: The Japanese bullpen took the mound in the 6th inning, Cuba aggressively responded for the rest of the baseball game, using power hitting . By the end of the eighth, the disparity would come down to one run in favor of Japan from Frederich Cepeda 's home run , who would record three runs batted in by the end of the game. In the ninth, Japan would counter by pushing their offensive limit over Cuba's, which would result in

7865-634: The Korean team to come and encourage the team. In 2013, The World Baseball Classic is one of the two main senior baseball tournaments sanctioned by the WBSC, alongside the Premier 12 but the Classic is the only one which grants to the winner the title of "World Champion". The buildup to the 2013 tournament included a qualifying round for the first time, with the four lowest finishers from 2009 having to re-qualify against 12 additional teams. This resulted in two new nations making their first appearances in

8008-551: The Pool D game between Puerto Rico and the Dominican Republic was viewed by 62% of households in Puerto Rico. World Baseball Classic attendance: World Baseball Classic qualifier attendance: While comparable tournaments traditionally have had one host country, each WBC has used multiple hosts spread around different parts of the world. Thus far, seven different countries have hosted at least one WBC pool, with each edition of

8151-474: The Roman circus was for horse races. Both had similar shapes and bowl-like areas around them for spectators. The Greeks also developed the theatre, with its seating arrangements foreshadowing those of modern stadiums. The Romans copied the theatre, then expanded it to accommodate larger crowds and more elaborate settings. The Romans also developed the double-sized round theatre called amphitheatre , seating crowds in

8294-676: The Spheres World Tour . Taylor Swift opened her 1989 World Tour at the venue with two concerts on 5 and 6 May, 2015, and she played 2 more shows on 20 and 21 November 2018 as part of the Reputation Stadium Tour . She also played 4 consecutive concerts on 7-10 February 2024 for The Eras Tour . Bruno Mars performed three concerts in October 2022 and returned for seven more concerts in January 2024, becoming

8437-554: The Tokyo Dome as well. On June 30, 2024, it was announced that All Elite Wrestling , New Japan Pro Wrestling , Ring of Honor , Consejo Mundial de Lucha Libre , and STARDOM would all be part of a cross promotional pay-per-view event called Wrestle Dynasty which is scheduled to take place on January 5, 2025, one day after Wrestle Kingdom 19 . The final round of the K-1 World Grand Prix kickboxing tournament

8580-568: The Tokyo Dome for a two-game series to begin the 2019 Major League Baseball season , with Ichiro retiring from professional baseball after the second game. On July 18, 2024, Major League Baseball announced that the 2025 MLB season will open with a two game series March 18-19 at Tokyo Dome between the Los Angeles Dodgers and the Chicago Cubs . The Tokyo Dome Corporation publishes a list of singers and music groups that have performed since its opening in 1988. The Alfee held its first concert at Tokyo Dome on March 19, 1988, and March 20, two days after

8723-431: The Tokyo Dome opened, the Yomiuri Giants held a game which was the first event in the Tokyo Dome. The Yomiuri Giants host about 70 games a year at their home stadium, Tokyo Dome, and other Nippon Professional Baseball teams sometimes host several games a year at the Tokyo Dome. If the Yomiuri Giants advance to the Climax Series or the Japan Series , additional games will be held at Tokyo Dome. Interleague play , in which

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8866-427: The U.S. The Baker Bowl , a baseball park in Philadelphia that opened in its original form in 1887 but was completely rebuilt in 1895, broke new ground in stadium construction in two major ways. The stadium's second incarnation featured the world's first cantilevered second deck (tier) in a sports venue, and was the first baseball park to use steel and brick for the majority of its construction. Another influential venue

9009-637: The U.S. team included Mike Trout , Nolan Arenado , Pete Alonso , Mookie Betts , Tim Anderson , Jeff McNeil , J. T. Realmuto , Kyle Schwarber , Trea Turner , Kyle Tucker , Ryan Pressly , Lance Lynn , Miles Mikolas , and Paul Goldschmidt . St Louis Cardinals teammates Lars Nootbaar and Tommy Edman both participated as part of Japan and South Korea respectively, in honor of both their mothers' heritages. Similarly, Los Angeles Dodgers player Freddie Freeman decided to play for Canada instead, in honor of his late mother. Randy Arozarena , despite being Cuban, opted to play for Mexico instead after

9152-482: The UK include the Stamford Bridge stadium (opened in 1877 for the London Athletic Club ) and Anfield stadium (1884 as a venue for Everton F.C. ). In the U.S., many professional baseball teams built large stadiums mainly out of wood , with the first such venue being the South End Grounds in Boston , opened in 1871 for the team then known as the Boston Beaneaters (now the Atlanta Braves ). Many of these parks caught fire, and those that did not proved inadequate for

9295-405: The US is bleachers , which is mostly used for seating areas with bench seats as opposed to individual seats, and which often are uncovered; the name refers to the bleaching effect direct, unshaded sunlight has on the benches and patrons in those sections. Many stadiums make luxury suites or boxes available to patrons at high prices. These suites can accommodate ten to thirty people, depending on

9438-403: The United Kingdom and baseball in the United States, the first such structures were built. One such early stadium was the Lansdowne Road Stadium , the brainchild of Henry Dunlop , who organised the first All Ireland Athletics Championships. Banned from locating sporting events at Trinity College, Dunlop built the stadium in 1872. "I laid down a cinder running path of a quarter-mile, laid down

9581-468: The United States's runs. In the championship game, Seth Lugo started for Puerto Rico, and Marcus Stroman started for the United States. Ian Kinsler hit a two-run home run for the United States in the third inning, as Puerto Rico's performance faltered without earning a single run throughout the innings. Kinsler scored again in the fifth inning on a single by Christian Yelich , and Yelich scored on an infield single by McCutchen. Two more runs scored on

9724-471: The United States. For the Dominican Republic, former All-Stars Adrián Beltré , Robinson Canó , Manny Machado , José Reyes , Edinson Vólquez , and more participated. Adrián González played once more for Mexico, and Yadier Molina and Carlos Beltrán represented Puerto Rico alongside up-and-coming stars such as Javier Báez , Carlos Correa , and Francisco Lindor . Venezuela's roster included Jose Altuve and Miguel Cabrera . In 2023, former All-Stars on

9867-443: The WBC in 2023, and 55+ million people watched the end of the tournament, as Shohei Ohtani struck out Mike Trout . The tournament is one of the most popular events in the Caribbean , Central and South America , particularly in Venezuela , part of Northern Colombia and is called the " Clásico Mundial ". The match between the Dominican Republic and Puerto Rico is considered a strong rivalry, called " El Clásico ". In 2023,

10010-418: The WBC rules allowed players who legally were residents in a country to play for that country, having asked Mexican president Andrés Manuel López Obrador to help him in his case for approval of his application as a legal citizen of Mexico. The first two iterations of the Classic featured the same 16 teams, chosen by invitation. A qualifying round was added leading into the 2013 tournament and takes place in

10153-534: The WBC, as Brazil and Spain respectively replaced Panama and South Africa . The round-robin format was revived for the tournament's first-round, while the second-round remained double-elimination. in Pool B, South Korea went into the final game needing not only to win (which would cause a three-way tie for the two second-round berths) but to win by at least five runs in order to have a chance of advancing on tiebreakers. Although Chinese Taipei lost its 2−0 lead in Korea's three-run eighth-inning rally, and then lost

10296-543: The WBSC, alongside the WBSC Premier12 , but is the only one to grant the winner the title of "world champion". The tournament, proposed in 2005 by MLB and its Players Association , was first held in 2006 as an invitational event. It previously coexisted with Olympic baseball (until 2008) and the Baseball World Cup (until 2011) as tournaments sanctioned by the International Baseball Federation ,

10439-438: The World Baseball Classic to be repeated every four years following the 2009 event. The third installment of the Classic was held in 2013, and the fourth was held in 2017. The World Baseball Classic was held five times from 2006 to 2023 , with Japan , the Dominican Republic , and the United States winning the championship. Japan, as of the 2023 tournament, is the only team to win the tournament multiple times. The tournament

10582-400: The World Baseball Classic, an all-star team is selected based on their play in the tournament. Three pitchers, eight other position players (one each at each position, including three outfielders), and a designated hitter are named to the team. Japanese pitcher Daisuke Matsuzaka , Puerto Rican catcher Yadier Molina and Puerto Rican shortstop Javier Báez are the only players to be named to

10725-650: The Yomiuri Giants participate, will also be held at the Tokyo Dome. In 2021, the Tokyo Yakult Swallows advanced to the Japan Series, but they held the Japan Series at Tokyo Dome instead of their home stadium, Meiji Jingu Stadium . This was because the Japan Series had to be rescheduled due to the spread of COVID-19 infectious disease, and the dates overlapped with the game days of amateur baseball tournaments at Meiji Jingu Stadium. Tokyo Dome

10868-442: The aforementioned Dominican Republic in 2013. Before the championship game of the 2023 tournament, MLB Commissioner Rob Manfred announced that the next World Baseball Classic would be held in 2026 . Sixteen teams qualified by making the top four of their four respective pools during the 2023 tournament. The other four remaining participants will be determined through the qualifying tournament scheduled for 2025. In May 2024, it

11011-621: The beginning of spring training and the regular season. This was a concern for the MLBPA as well, but their primary objection was with drug testing . MLB wanted the stricter Olympic standards in place for the tournament, while the union wanted the more lax MLB standards in place at the time. Eventually, a deal was reached on insurance for player contracts and a fairly tough drug testing standard. MLB teams would not be able to directly block their players from participating. Similarly, Nippon Professional Baseball (NPB) and its players' association had

11154-587: The biggest shows in Japan by an international act in the 21st century. Be:First are set to perform 2 shows on 2 and 3 March, 2024. Be:First Live in Dome 2024 "Mainstream - Masterplan" is Be:First’s first live dome tour along with 2 shows at the Kyocera Dome in April 2024. Oasis are set to perform 2 shows on 25 & 26 October 2025, as part of their Live '25 reunion tour. New Japan Pro-Wrestling has held

11297-517: The bottom of the ninth with a 3−2 lead. Darvish struck out Keun-woo Jeong , but walked Hyun-soo Kim and Tae-kyun Kim to put South Koreans on first and second with one out. Darvish then struck out Choo and was one out away from saving the game. But Bum-ho Lee singled, driving in Jong-wook Lee for the game-tying run to make it 3−all and send the game into extra innings . Japan batted first, with Chang-yong Lim pitching for South Korea in

11440-471: The builder's workmanship and agreed two further contracts: exterior hoardings were constructed at a cost of £150 and 12 turnstiles were installed at a cost of £7 each. The stadium was officially opened on 24 August 1892 by Lord Kinnaird and Frederick Wall of the Football Association. No football was played; instead the 12,000 crowd watched a short track and field event followed by music and

11583-458: The construction of new facilities. In Europe and Latin America, where there are multiple association football clubs in any given city, and several leagues in each country, no such monopoly power exists, and stadiums are built primarily with private money. Outside professional sports, governments are also involved through the intense competition for the right to host major sporting events, primarily

11726-648: The dome opened. On March 22, 1988, and March 23, Mick Jagger became the first non-Japanese artist to perform at the Tokyo Dome. Concerts have been held at the Tokyo Dome for several dozen days each year since its opening, mainly by Japanese singers and music groups. According to official statistics from its opening in 1988 to February 2024, KinKi Kids held the most solo concerts at Tokyo Dome for 66 days, followed by Arashi for 58 days and Kanjani Eight for 41 days. All of them were male idol groups from Johnny & Associates . Among non-Japanese, TVXQ who held most performances in Tokyo Dome as foreign artist ( 30 days ) in

11869-401: The final. Japan drew first blood, scoring on an RBI single by Michihiro Ogasawara in the third inning. Shin-Soo Choo tied the score 1−all with a home run in the fifth inning. With runners on first and third, Hiroyuki Nakajima hit an RBI single to bring Seiichi Uchikawa home to give Japan the lead 2−1. South Korea failed to take advantage of Japanese pitcher Hisashi Iwakuma , who

12012-411: The final. Cuba lost only two games, once to Puerto Rico in the first round and once to the Dominican Republic in the second round. However, Japan lost three times, twice to South Korea in each round and the United States in the second round. This sparked a format controversy since South Korea would have a better overall and head-to-head record than Japan by the end of the tournament. As such, Cuba

12155-403: The first Japanese venue with an American football attendance above 50,000. Tokyo Dome is part of a greater entertainment complex known as Tokyo Dome City , built of the grounds of the former Tokyo Koishikawa Arsenal . Tokyo Dome City includes an amusement park and Tokyo Dome City Attractions (formerly Kōrakuen Grounds). This amusement park occupies the former Korakuen Stadium site and includes

12298-408: The first and second Busch Stadiums , in that the parks were named by and for the club's owner, which also happened to be the name of the company owned by those clubowners. (The current Busch Stadium received its name via a modern naming rights agreement.) During the 2006 FIFA World Cup in Germany, some stadiums were temporarily renamed because FIFA prohibits sponsorship of stadiums. For example,

12441-881: The first leg, on December 12, 14, 17, 19, 22, 24, 30 and 31, 1992. On his final tour HIStory World Tour , he performed on multiple dates at the stadium last time, on December 13, 15, 17 and 20, 1996. Janet Jackson played 4 shows on May 17 and 18, November 6 and 7, 1990 during her Rhythm Nation World Tour . She returned for the Janet World Tour on March 29 and 30, 1994 and her All for You Tour on January 17 and 18, 2002. Guns N' Roses performed there on February 19, 20 and 22 1992 and January 12, 14 and 15 1993 during their Use Your Illusion Tour , then again on December 19, 2009 during their Chinese Democracy tour. Madonna played 5 shows on 13, 14, 16, 17 and 19 December 1993 which concluded her tour The Girlie Show . She also held 2 concerts on 20 and 21 September 2006 as part of

12584-405: The first monster truck rallies outside North America at the Tokyo Dome. On February 26, 2023, Japanese figure skater and two-time Olympic champion, Yuzuru Hanyu , held a solo ice show titled Gift at Tokyo Dome. His show marked the first time that an ice rink was set up at the multipurpose venue, matching the size of an Olympic ice rink with 60   m   × 30   m. The show

12727-469: The first round were the same as in 2006, except for a "Cinderella" performance by the Netherlands , which twice defeated the Dominican Republic to reach the second round. In the semifinals, South Korea defeated Venezuela while Japan defeated the United States . South Korea won the coin flip held after the second semifinal between Japan and the United States, designating them as the home team for

12870-432: The format used in 2006, where both the first and second rounds were round-robin, though with the addition of tiebreaker games if needed. Colombia and Israel qualified for the first time, with Israel using a roster mostly of Jewish American players. Prior to the start of the 2017 World Baseball Classic, ESPN considered Team Israel, ranked 41st in the world, to be the biggest underdog in the tournament, referring to it as

13013-475: The four lowest finishers (the teams that finished in last place in their first-round pools) were relegated to the qualifying round. Qualifying consisted of four four-team modified double-elimination tournaments, with the winners earning the last four slots in the main tournament. With the 2023 WBC expanding to 20 teams, the qualifying format changed as well. All 16 participants from the 2017 WBC received automatic bids. The restructured qualifying round consisted of

13156-419: The game around the globe. As of the 2023 World Baseball Classic, the tournament is one of the most viewed sporting events in the world. Prior to the advent of the World Baseball Classic, there was no international baseball championship that saw universal participation from players across the globe. Outside the United States, the formally-recognized "world championship" was the Baseball World Cup , sanctioned by

13299-488: The game to the bottom of the tenth. Darvish made short work of South Korea, capping with a strikeout of Keun-woo Jeong to clinch Japan's successful defense of their 2006 championship. Pitcher Daisuke Matsuzaka of Japan was awarded the tournament MVP for the second consecutive time, with a 3−0 record and 2.45 ERA . After the match the team was congratulated immediately for their victory by Japanese prime minister Taro Aso . And Korean President Lee Myung-bak invited

13442-430: The game, they emerged as winners of the pool and of the second-round berth since Korea's margin of victory was only one run. and then Italy was the biggest surprise in the early stages of the tournament, making it to the second round with wins over Canada and Mexico. The tournament ended in an all-Caribbean championship game, with the Dominican Republic defeating Puerto Rico , In the final, Samuel Deduno started for

13585-538: The history in Japan, followed by The Rolling Stones for 28 days and followed by Michael Jackson and Paul McCartney for 21 days. Michael Jackson performed there on his three tours. As part of the second leg of his Bad World Tour , he performed at the Tokyo Big Egg on December 9-11, 17-19, and 24-26, 1988. In Jackson’s next tour, the Dangerous World Tour , he performed on the stadium during

13728-400: The inaugural 2006 tournament was pre-selected, featuring the countries judged to be the "best baseball-playing nations" in the world; no qualifying competition was held. The tournament format featured round-robin group play in the first and second rounds, followed by single-elimination semifinals and finals. The first game in WBC history saw South Korea defeat Chinese Taipei 2–0 before

13871-476: The largest among them, are megaprojects that can only be afforded by the largest corporations, wealthiest individuals, or government. Sports fans have a deep emotional attachment to their teams. In North America, with its closed-league " franchise " system, there are fewer teams than cities which would like them. This creates tremendous bargaining power for the owners of teams, whereby owners can threaten to relocate teams to other cities unless governments subsidize

14014-473: The lead of Aerosmith and including Mötley Crüe , Quiet Riot , W.A.S.P. and Ratt . Since the 1980s, rock, pop and folk stars, including the Grateful Dead , Madonna , Michael Jackson , Beyoncé , Lady Gaga and Taylor Swift , have undertaken large-scale stadium based concert tours . World Baseball Classic The World Baseball Classic ( WBC ), also referred to as the Classic ,

14157-466: The length of 600 human feet. As feet are of variable length the exact length of a stadion depends on the exact length adopted for 1 foot at a given place and time. Although in modern terms 1 stadion = 600 ft (180 m), in a given historical context it may actually signify a length up to 15% larger or smaller. The equivalent Roman measure, the stadium , had a similar length – about 185 m (607 ft) – but instead of being defined in feet

14300-418: The mid-1970s as the increased power of amplification and sound systems allowed the use of larger and larger venues. Smoke, fireworks and sophisticated lighting shows became staples of arena rock performances. Key acts from this era included Journey , REO Speedwagon , Boston , Foreigner , Styx , Kiss , Peter Frampton and Queen . In the 1980s arena rock became dominated by glam metal bands, following

14443-516: The mid-1990s. Gene Orza, counsel and board member of the Major League Baseball Players Association , began campaigning for such a tournament in 2004, enlisting the support of IBAF president Aldo Notari . The inaugural tournament was announced by MLB Commissioner Bud Selig and MLBPA president Donald Fehr on May 11, 2005. The success of the 2006 tournament led organizers to immediately begin planning for

14586-456: The mile (536 m); outside there was a 35-foot-wide (11 m), 660-yard (600 m) cycle track. The infield included a swimming and diving pool. The London Highbury Stadium , built in 1913, was the first stadium in the UK to feature a two-tiered seating arrangement when it was redesigned in the Art Deco style in 1936. During these decades, parallel stadium developments were taking place in

14729-425: The name of one of FIFA's major sponsors , was known by its historic name of Ellis Park Stadium during the 2010 FIFA World Cup . Corporate names are also temporarily replaced during the Olympics. Modern stadiums bring several negative environmental issues with their construction. They require thousands of tons of materials to build, they greatly increase traffic in the area around the stadium, as well as maintaining

14872-401: The namesake corporation changes its name, or if it is the naming agreement simply expires. Phoenix's Chase Field , for example, was previously known as Bank One Ballpark, but was renamed to reflect the takeover of the latter corporation. San Francisco's historic Candlestick Park was renamed as 3Com Park for several years, but the name was dropped when the sponsorship agreement expired, and it

15015-727: The next World Baseball Classic to be held in 2023 . Qualification for the tournament concluded on October 5, 2022, with Nicaragua claiming the final berth in a victory against Brazil. The competition took place from March 8, 2023, to March 21, 2023. For the 2023 classic, the MLB urged its stars to participate. Mike Trout announced his participation, which motivated a cascade of others including Trea Turner , Paul Goldschmidt , Nolan Arenado , J. T. Realmuto , Mookie Betts and more of MLB's finest to join Team USA. This further stimulated participation of other important stars in countries around

15158-475: The old stadiums they replace. In North America, where baseball and American football are the two most popular outdoor spectator sports, a number of football/baseball multi-use stadiums were built, especially during the 1960s, and some of them were successful. Since the requirements for baseball and football are significantly different, the trend has been toward the construction of single-purpose stadiums, beginning with Kansas City in 1972–1973 and accelerating in

15301-408: The predecessor to the WBSC. The Baseball World Cup was discontinued after the 2011 edition, when the WBSC accepted an MLB suggestion to make the WBC the officially-sanctioned world championship, on the condition that the Classic should have direct qualifications and follow international anti-doping rules. After a three-year gap between the first two installments of the tournament, plans were made for

15444-527: The present Lansdowne Tennis Club ground with my own theodolite, started a Lansdowne archery club, a Lansdowne cricket club, and last, but not least, the Lansdowne Rugby Football Club – colours red, black and yellow." Some 300 cartloads of soil from a trench beneath the railway were used to raise the ground, allowing Dunlop to use his engineering expertise to create a pitch envied around Ireland. Other early stadiums from this period in

15587-828: The public. An "all-seater" stadium has seats for all spectators. Other stadiums are designed so that all or some spectators stand to view the event. The term "all-seater" is not common in the U.S., as very few American stadiums have sizeable standing-only sections. Poor stadium design has contributed to disasters, such as the Hillsborough disaster and the Heysel Stadium disaster . Since these, all Premier League , UEFA European Championship and FIFA World Cup qualifying matches require all spectators to be seated. Seating areas may be known as terraces , tiers , or decks . Originally set out for standing room only, they are now usually equipped with seating. Another term used in

15730-525: The stadium began on May 16, 1985, and it opened on March 17, 1988. It was built on the site of the Velodrome, adjacent to Korakuen Stadium and the Koishikawa-Kōrakuen garden. It has a maximum total capacity of 57,000 depending on configuration, with an all-seating configuration of 42,000. Tokyo Dome's original nickname was "The Big Egg", with some calling it the "Tokyo Big Egg". Its dome-shaped roof

15873-429: The stadium for two shows in 2000 with her Rainbow World Tour . Whitney Houston played two shows on May 13 and 14, 1997 during her Pacific Rim Tour . Celine Dion has performed five shows at the Dome. She performed on January 31 and February 1, 1999 as part of her Let's Talk About Love World Tour ; March 8 and 9, 2008 as part of her Taking Chances World Tour ; and June 26, 2018 as part of her Live 2018 tour. Dion

16016-401: The stadium's history. The vastly differing character of European football stadiums has led to the growing hobby of ground hopping where spectators make a journey to visit the stadium for itself rather than for the event held there. In recent years the trend of building completely new oval stadiums in Europe has led to traditionalists criticising the designs as bland and lacking in the character of

16159-536: The stadium. The increased traffic around modern stadiums has led to create exposure zones says the Health Effect Institute, exposing 30–40% of people living around the stadium to potential health issues. Many stadiums are attempting to counteract these issues by implementing solar panels, and high efficiency lighting, to reduce their own carbon footprint. Although concerts, such as classical music, had been presented in them for decades, beginning in

16302-451: The stadiums with a capacity of at least 10,000 are used for association football . Other popular stadium sports include gridiron football , baseball , cricket , the various codes of rugby , field lacrosse , bandy , and bullfighting . Many large sports venues are also used for concerts. "Stadium" is the Latin form of the Greek word " stadion " ( στάδιον ), a measure of length equalling

16445-491: The start of the "jewel box" era of park construction. The largest stadium crowd ever was 199,854 people watching the final match of the 1950 World Cup at Rio de Janeiro 's Maracanã on 16 July 1950. Domed stadiums are distinguished from conventional stadiums by their enclosing roofs. Many of these are not actually domes in the pure architectural sense, some being better described as vaults , some having truss -supported roofs and others having more exotic designs such as

16588-452: The tens of thousands for gladiatorial combats and beast shows. The Greek stadium and theatre and the Roman circus and amphitheatre are all ancestral to the modern stadium. The first stadiums to be built in the modern era were basic facilities, designed for the single purpose of fitting as many spectators in as possible. With tremendous growth in the popularity of organised sport in the late Victorian era , especially association football in

16731-400: The tenth. Uchikawa and Iwamura hit a single to put runners on first and third with two out. Ichiro was one strike away from ending the inning when he hit a line-drive single up the middle that scored Iwamura and Uchikawa. Lim then hit Nakajima with a pitch and intentionally walked Norichika Aoki to face Kenji Johjima who was hitless up to that point. Lim was able to strikeout Johjima and send

16874-467: The tournament featuring games played in Asia, Latin America, and the United States. However, the championship round has always been held at Major League Baseball stadiums in the United States. The inaugural winner of the award in 2006 was Japan's Daisuke Matsuzaka , who pitched 13 innings and finished with a 3–0 record. Soon after this performance, Matsuzaka received a multimillion-dollar contract to join

17017-554: The tournament that the Dominican Republic defeated Puerto Rico. The Dominican Republic completed the tournament with an 8–0 record, becoming the first undefeated team to win the World Baseball Classic. Robinson Canó was named the Most Valuable Player of the Classic after he batted 15-for-32 (.469), the most hits in tournament history. After the match the team was congratulated for their victory by Dominican president Danilo Medina . The 2017 tournament returned to

17160-513: The tournament, winning all seven games played . Puerto Rico had defeated the United States when they faced each other in Pool F . In the semi-final Japan reached the semifinals with wins in all six games played in the previous rounds. Tanner Roark started for the United States in the semifinal game, while Tomoyuki Sugano started for Japan. Roark pitched four scoreless innings, while Sugano allowed one run in six innings. The United States scored

17303-562: The venue. Luxury suites at events such as the Super Bowl can cost hundreds of thousands of dollars. Due to the number of people congregating in stadiums and the frequency of events, many notable accidents have occurred in the past, some causing injury and death. For example, the Hillsborough disaster was a human crush at Hillsborough Stadium in Sheffield , England on 15 April 1989. The resulting 97 deaths and 765 injuries makes this

17446-545: The winner the title of "World Champion". The first World Baseball Classic tournament was announced in May 2005 by Bud Selig , the commissioner of Major League Baseball. Major League Baseball had been attempting to create such a tournament for at least two years, but faced resistance from both owners and the MLBPA players' union. MLB owners, notably New York Yankees owner George Steinbrenner , had been concerned about their star players being injured in international play before

17589-528: The world participated in the World Baseball Classic. Amongst the players that made the All–WBC team were Americans Derek Jeter and Ken Griffey Jr. From Japan, Daisuke Matsuzaka , Ichiro Suzuki and Tomoya Satozaki were on the team. Other internationals included players from Cuba— Yulieski Gurriel , Yoandy Garlobo and Yadel Martí ; and from the Dominican Republic— Albert Pujols , Pedro Martínez and José Bautista . The 2009 Classic saw

17732-403: The world. The Samurai Japan team assembled their own star-studded roster, including Shohei Ohtani , Roki Sasaki , Yu Darvish , Masataka Yoshida , Munetaka Murakami , and Yoshinobu Yamamoto , to form what many consider to be the most powerful Japanese team in history. The United States beat Venezuela to face Cuba in the semifinals. Baseball is Cuba's most popular sport, and is played at

17875-461: The worst disaster in British sporting history. Much effort has been spent to avoid the recurrence of such events, both in design and legislation. Especially where there is a perceived risk of terrorism or violence attention remains high to prevent human death and keep stadiums as places where families can enjoy a public event together. In Europe and South America, during the twentieth century, it

18018-425: The year before the WBC proper. Brazil and Spain were the first new countries to earn berths in the WBC via qualification, and so far the addition of qualifying has allowed seven nations to play in the tournament who were not part of the original 16. The qualification setup for the 2013 and 2017 WBCs featured the top 12 finishing teams from the previous WBC being automatically entered in the following edition, while

18161-585: Was Boston 's Harvard Stadium , built in 1903 by Harvard University for its American football team and track and field program. It was the world's first stadium to use concrete-and-steel construction. In 1909, concrete-and-steel construction came to baseball with the opening of Shibe Park in Philadelphia and, a few months later, Forbes Field in Pittsburgh . The latter was the world's first three-tiered sporting venue. The opening of these parks marked

18304-665: Was also selected to host the finals of the WBSC Premier 12 , which was held twice. The Tokyo Dome has held various Major League Baseball games to open the seasons, with the first series—a two-game slate between the Chicago Cubs and New York Mets in 2000 —being the first time American MLB teams have played regular season games in Asia. Four years later, the New York Yankees , featuring former Yomiuri Giants slugger/outfielder Hideki Matsui in their lineup, and

18447-588: Was announced that the pool play rounds will be played in Miami, Florida ; Houston, Texas ; San Juan, Puerto Rico ; and Tokyo, Japan . The quarterfinals will be split between Miami and Houston, and the final round will be played in Miami. The World Baseball Classic is held during the month of March, coinciding with the spring training pre-season for most top-level professional baseball leagues such as Major League Baseball (MLB), Nippon Professional Baseball (NPB) and

18590-613: Was another two years before the new name of Monster Cable Products ' Monster Park was applied. Local opposition to the corporate naming of that particular stadium led San Francisco's city council to permanently restore the Candlestick Park name once the Monster contract expired. More recently, in Ireland, there has been huge opposition to the renaming of Dublin 's historic Lansdowne Road as the Aviva Stadium . Lansdowne

18733-585: Was built on a triangular city block in The Bronx , New York City. This resulted in a large left field dimension but a small right field dimension. Before more modern football stadiums were built in the United States, many baseball parks, including Fenway Park , the Polo Grounds , Wrigley Field , Comiskey Park , Tiger Stadium , Griffith Stadium , Milwaukee County Stadium , Shibe Park , Forbes Field , Yankee Stadium , and Sportsman's Park were used by

18876-750: Was common for violent bands of supporters to fight inside or close to association football stadiums. In the United Kingdom they are known as hooligans . Structural features that increase safety include separate entry and exit accesses for each spectator area, especially separating accesses for home and visitor supporters, dividing walls, glass parapets, vibration attenuation and sprinkler systems. Security features that have been adopted include armed surveillance, Identity document checks, video surveillance , metal detectors and security searches to enforce rules that forbid spectators to carry dangerous or potentially dangerous items. Modern stadiums, especially

19019-477: Was defined using the Roman standard passus to be a distance of 125 passūs (double-paces). The English use of stadium comes from the tiered infrastructure surrounding a Roman track of such length. Most dictionaries provide for both stadiums and stadia as valid English plurals. The oldest known stadium is the Stadium at Olympia in Greece, where the ancient Olympic Games were held from 776 BC. Initially

19162-651: Was directed by Hanyu himself in collaboration with Japanese choreographer Mikiko and performed live with the Tokyo Philharmonic Orchestra among others, having set a new audience record for ice shows with 35,000 spectators. On July 14, 2023, the event was distributed by the American subscription channel Disney+ worldwide. 35°42′20″N 139°45′7″E  /  35.70556°N 139.75194°E  / 35.70556; 139.75194 Stadium A stadium ( pl. : stadiums or stadia )

19305-493: Was held at the Tokyo Dome from 1997 to 2006. The Tokyo Dome hosted seven Pride FC mixed martial arts fights: Pride 1 , Pride 4, Pride Grand Prix 2000 Opening Round , Pride Grand Prix 2000 Finals , Pride 17 , Pride 23 , and Pride Final Conflict 2003 . The last event had an attendance of 67,451. As part of the American Bowl , the Tokyo Dome held 13 National Football League preseason games between 1989 and 2005. In

19448-529: Was originally designed with a capacity of 100,000 spectators and featured seating in the south stand under cover, while the remaining three stands were left as terraces and uncovered. It was the first stadium to feature continuous seating along the contours of the stadium. These early venues, originally designed to host football matches, were adopted for use by the Olympic Games, the first one being held in 1896 in Athens , Greece. The White City Stadium , built for

19591-765: Was played 17 straight years in Tokyo, including six years at the Tokyo Dome, through the Coca-Cola Classic . In December 1993, the Wisconsin Badgers clinched the Big Ten college football championship and a berth to their first Rose Bowl in 31 years by defeating the Michigan State Spartans 41-20 in the last Coca-Cola Classic, before nearly 52,000 at the Tokyo Dome. Ironically, the game was moved from Camp Randall Stadium in Madison so

19734-480: Was redeveloped as the Aviva, opening in May 2010. On the other hand, Los Angeles' Great Western Forum , one of the earliest examples of corporate renaming, retained its name for many years, even after the namesake bank no longer existed, the corporate name being dropped only after the building later changed ownership. This practice has typically been less common in countries outside the United States. A notable exception

19877-563: Was reportedly the first floodlit stadium. Floodlighting in association football dates as far back as 1878, when there were floodlit experimental matches at Bramall Lane, Sheffield during the dark winter afternoons. With no national grid , lights were powered by batteries and dynamoes , and were unreliable. Since the development of electrical grids, lighting has been an important element in stadium design, allowing games to be played after sundown, and in covered, or partly covered stadiums that allow less natural light, but provide more shelter for

20020-411: Was scheduled to perform two shows on November 18 and 19, 2014 as part of her Asia Tour , but the shows were cancelled. Beyoncé kicked off the first show on her third concert tour The Beyoncé Experience on 10 April 2007. Coldplay have played the venue three times; first on April 19 2017 during their A Head Full of Dreams Tour , and further two times on 6 and 7 November 2023 during their Music of

20163-447: Was the favorite to win the final. The team with the higher winning percentage of games in the tournament was to be the home team. The match began progressing when Japan's starting pitcher– Daisuke Matsuzaka –gave up four hits , five strikeouts and one run by the end of the 4th inning using a gyroball pitching style. Offensively, Japan was able to record 6 runs with the help of Ichiro Suzuki 's batting style of contact hitting . Once

20306-525: Was the first such ballpark for Major League Baseball to be built, using early-20th-century styling with 21st-century amenities. There is a solar-powered stadium in Taiwan that produces as much energy as it needs to function. Stadium designers often study acoustics to increase noise caused by fans' voices, aiming to create a lively atmosphere. Until the advent of floodlights , most games played on large areas had to rely on natural lighting. Bramall Lane

20449-433: Was visibly tired, when they failed to score in the seventh inning, when Iwakuma was relieved by Toshiya Sugiuchi after two outs. Uchikawa hit a single to start the eighth. Atsunori Inaba scored a double to put Uchikawa in scoring position, and Uchikawa scored on Akinori Iwamura 's sacrifice fly . Hyun-wook Jong retired the remaining batters to close out the inning. Japan brought out their closer , Yu Darvish , for

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