46-523: Tolaga Bay ( Māori : Ūawa ) is both a bay and small town on the East Coast of New Zealand 's North Island located 45 kilometres northeast of Gisborne and 30 kilometres south of Tokomaru Bay . The region around the bay is rugged and remote, and for many years the only access to the town was by boat. Because the bay is shallow, a long wharf – the second longest in New Zealand (600m) after
92-539: A unitary authority (with the combined powers of a district and regional council ). It is named after its largest settlement, the city of Gisborne . The region is also commonly referred to as the East Coast . The region is commonly divided into the East Cape and Poverty Bay . It is bounded by mountain ranges to the west, rugged country to the south, and faces east onto the Pacific Ocean . The district
138-445: A bachelor's or higher degree, and 159 (26.1%) people had no formal qualifications. 54 people (8.9%) earned over $ 70,000 compared to 17.2% nationally. The employment status of those at least 15 was that 258 (42.4%) people were employed full-time, 87 (14.3%) were part-time, and 48 (7.9%) were unemployed. Wharekaka statistical area covers 1,197.18 km (462.23 sq mi) and had an estimated population of 2,110 as of June 2024, with
184-759: A population density of 2 people per km. Wharekaka had a population of 1,851 at the 2018 New Zealand census , an increase of 123 people (7.1%) since the 2013 census , and a decrease of 63 people (−3.3%) since the 2006 census . There were 660 households, comprising 945 males and 906 females, giving a sex ratio of 1.04 males per female. The median age was 37.9 years (compared with 37.4 years nationally), with 465 people (25.1%) aged under 15 years, 297 (16.0%) aged 15 to 29, 867 (46.8%) aged 30 to 64, and 222 (12.0%) aged 65 or older. Ethnicities were 49.6% European/ Pākehā , 64.2% Māori , 2.9% Pacific peoples , 0.6% Asian , and 1.6% other ethnicities. People may identify with more than one ethnicity. The percentage of people born overseas
230-400: A population density of 6.4 people per km . Gisborne District had a population of 51,135 in the 2023 New Zealand census , an increase of 3,618 people (7.6%) since the 2018 census , and an increase of 7,482 people (17.1%) since the 2013 census . There were 25,326 males, 25,686 females and 123 people of other genders in 17,316 dwellings. 2.3% of people identified as LGBTIQ+ . The median age
276-487: A rural settlement, which covers 7.54 km (2.91 sq mi) and had an estimated population of 950 as of June 2024, with a population density of 126 people per km. It is part of the larger Wharekaka statistical area. Tolaga Bay had a population of 831 at the 2018 New Zealand census , an increase of 81 people (10.8%) since the 2013 census , and an increase of 21 people (2.6%) since the 2006 census . There were 294 households, comprising 423 males and 414 females, giving
322-629: A series of light installations along the river in Gisborne city showcasing ten local artists. The region is represented in rugby union by the East Coast Rugby Football Union and the Poverty Bay Rugby Football Union . Pasifika New Zealanders Pasifika New Zealanders (also called Pacific Peoples ) are a pan-ethnic group of New Zealanders associated with, and descended from,
368-607: A sex ratio of 1.02 males per female, with 222 people (26.7%) aged under 15 years, 132 (15.9%) aged 15 to 29, 357 (43.0%) aged 30 to 64, and 120 (14.4%) aged 65 or older. Ethnicities were 26.7% European/ Pākehā , 86.6% Māori , 4.3% Pacific peoples , 1.1% Asian , and 0.4% other ethnicities. People may identify with more than one ethnicity. Although some people chose not to answer the census's question about religious affiliation, 46.6% had no religion, 36.1% were Christian , 5.4% had Māori religious beliefs and 0.7% had other religions. Of those at least 15 years old, 66 (10.8%) people had
414-547: A sketch within the rock shelter of Opoutama ('Cook's Cove' or 'Tupaia's Cave'), according to Joel Polack . In the 1830s there was a thriving flax trade involving early European traders like Barnet Burns . By 1998, the wharf had deteriorated and was in danger of being closed. In response, the Tolaga Bay Save the Wharf Trust raised funds and gained technical help to restore it. The wharf has now been re-opened and
460-503: Is a Year 1–15 state area school with a roll of 241. Te Kura Kaupapa Māori o Mangatuna is a Year 1–8 Māori immersion school with a roll of 17 Both schools are co-educational. Rolls are as of August 2024. East Coast, New Zealand Gisborne District or the Gisborne Region ( Māori : Te Tairāwhiti or Te Tai Rāwhiti ) is a local government area of northeastern New Zealand. It is governed by Gisborne District Council ,
506-512: Is governed by Gisborne District Council , which is a unitary territorial authority , meaning that it performs the functions of a regional council as well as those of a territorial authority (a district or city). It is constituted as both the Gisborne District and the Gisborne Region . It replaced Gisborne City, Cook County , Waiapu County and Waikohu County in a major nationwide reform of local government in 1989. Prior to
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#1732791133491552-629: Is the fifth-highest mountain in the North Island, and the highest that is not a volcano. Regarded as sacred by Māori , there is some justification to the claims that this is the first mountain to see the sun in summer. The region's population has a higher than the national average proportion of Māori – over 50% in some areas – and maintains strong ties to both Māori tradition and the iwi and marae structure. The predominant iwi are Ngāti Porou , Rongowhakaata , Ngāi Tāmanuhiri and Te Aitanga-a-Māhaki . At 8:55 pm (NZDT) on 20 December 2007,
598-424: The 2008 New Zealand general election , Samoan-born Sam Lotu-Iiga was elected as MP for Maungakiekie , and was joined by Labour list MPs William Sio and Carmel Sepuloni , who was the first MP of Tongan heritage. In 2010, Kris Faafoi entered parliament by winning the 2010 Mana by-election , becoming the first MP of Tokelauan descent. In 2011, Alfred Ngaro became the first MP of Cook Island descent by winning
644-485: The Dawn Raids as "the most blatantly racist attack on Pacific peoples by the New Zealand government in New Zealand's history". Immigrant Pasifika families settled in the inner city suburbs of Auckland and other major cities in the country, when middle-class Pākehā families were tending to move outwards to newer, more distant suburbs. Pasifika immigrants also tended to replace Urban Māori in central suburbs. By
690-496: The Maungakiekie electorate. Further Pasifika MPs entered parliament in the 2010s: Asenati Taylor for New Zealand First (2011), Christchurch East MP Poto Williams (2013), Manukau East MP Jenny Salesa (2014) and Anahila Kanongata'a-Suisuiki (2017). The 2020 New Zealand general election saw the largest cohort of Pasifika MPs entering parliament: Terisa Ngobi , Barbara Edmonds , Tangi Utikere , Neru Leavasa for
736-481: The Raukumara Range , which separates it from Ōpōtiki District . In the southwest, its boundary runs along the western edge of Te Urewera . It is sparsely inhabited and isolated, with small settlements mainly clinging to small bays along the eastern shore, including Tokomaru Bay and Tolaga Bay . Its population is 53,300 (June 2024). Three-quarters of the population – 38,800 (June 2024) – lives in
782-769: The Second World War Pasifika in New Zealand numbered only a few hundred. Wide-scale Pasifika migration to New Zealand began in the 1950s and 1960s, typically from countries associated with the Commonwealth and the Realm of New Zealand , including Western Samoa (modern-day Samoa), the Cook Islands and Niue . In the 1970s, governments (both Labour and National ), migration officials, and special police squads targeted Pasifika illegal overstayers. Pacific Studies academic Dr Melani Anae describes
828-533: The indigenous peoples of the Pacific Islands (also known as Pacific Islanders ) outside of New Zealand itself. They form the fourth-largest ethnic grouping in the country, after European descendants , indigenous Māori , and Asian New Zealanders . Over 380,000 people identify as being of Pacific origin, representing 8% of the country's population, with the majority residing in Auckland . Prior to
874-545: The 2018 census, up from 62.3% at the 2013 census and 60.0% at the 2006 census. In terms of population distribution as at the 2023 census, 275,079 (62.1%) Pasifika New Zealanders lived in the Auckland region, 126,678 (28.6%) live in the North Island outside the Auckland region, and 40,845 (9.2%) live in the South Island. The Māngere-Ōtāhuhu local board area of Auckland had a majority Pasifika population at 60.4%, with
920-762: The Coast of the Sunrise, reflecting the fact that it is the first part of the New Zealand mainland to see the sun rise. Gisborne District Council styles the name as Te Tairāwhiti . The region is located in the northeastern corner of the North Island . It ranges from the Wharerata Hills in the south, which divide it from Wairoa District in Hawke's Bay , to Lottin Point in the north. The western boundary runs along
966-541: The Gisborne district include: The subnational gross domestic product (GDP) of the Gisborne region was estimated at NZ$ 2.16 billion in the year to March 2019, 0.7% of New Zealand's national GDP. The regional GDP per capita was estimated at $ 44,004 in the same period. There are a number of notable creative people from the Gisborne region, including writer Witi Ihimaera , opera singer Dame Kiri Te Kanawa and actor George Henare . An annual arts festival began in 2019 called Te Tairāwhiti Arts Festival . In 2020, this included
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#17327911334911012-555: The Gisborne region was hit by an earthquake of Richter magnitude 6.8, centred in the Hikurangi Trough which is a part of the Hikurangi Margin . The earthquake was situated 50 km southeast of Gisborne at a depth of 40 km. Mercalli intensities of 7-8 were experienced, with three buildings substantially collapsed in the central business district and others experiencing some structural damage. One death
1058-733: The Labour Party, and the first Pasifika MP from the Green Party , Teanau Tuiono . 2023 saw Efeso Collins , formerly a member of the Auckland Council , joining as a member of the Green Party. The Auckland Council has had three Pasifika councillors since its founding in 2010: Alf Filipaina and former National MP Arthur Anae representing the Manukau ward since 2010, and Efeso Collins in 2016, replacing Anae's for
1104-513: The Pacific Peoples ethnic group at the 2023 New Zealand census , making up 8.9% of New Zealand's population. This is an increase of 60,990 people (16.0%) since the 2018 census , and an increase of 146,691 people (49.6%) since the 2013 census . Some of the increase between the 2013 and 2018 census was due to Statistics New Zealand starting to add ethnicity data from other sources (previous censuses, administrative data, and imputation) to
1150-594: The Tiwai Point wharf at Bluff (1,500m) – was built in the 1920s to accommodate visiting vessels. The last cargo ship to use the wharf loaded a cargo of maize in 1967. The town is a popular holiday spot. Its population is predominantly Māori, a centre of the Te Aitanga-a-Hauiti hapū and home of Ariki – Te Kani a Takirau and Tohunga – Rangiuia. The Ūawa River reaches the Pacific Ocean in
1196-457: The area including and surrounding the city. The region is also sometimes referred to as the East Cape , although that also refers specifically to the promontory at the northeastern extremity. More recently, it has been called Eastland , although that can also include Ōpōtiki in the eastern Bay of Plenty to the northwest, and Wairoa to the south. Its Māori name Te Tai Rāwhiti means
1242-598: The bay was originally named Spöring Island by Cook, after his expedition's assistant naturalist and instrument maker, Herman Spöring , a Finnish botanist . It is however today again known by its Māori name, Pourewa . The bay has an arched rock , sometimes known as Spörings Arch, which was illustrated by Herman Spöring Jr. in James Cook 's voyage in October 1769. Uawa Reserve is the settlement's local sports ground. Statistics New Zealand describes Tolaga Bay as
1288-544: The census data to reduce the number of non-responses. The median age of Pasifika New Zealanders was 24.9 years, compared to 38.1 years for all New Zealanders; 136,077 people (30.4%) were aged under 15 years, 123,828 (28.0%) were 15 to 29, 156,534 (35.4%) were 30 to 64, and 26,193 (5.9%) were 65 or older. At the 2018 census, there were 191,391 males and 190,254 females, giving a sex ratio of 1.006 males per female. The majority of Pasifika were born in New Zealand: 66.4% at
1334-422: The census question. Of those at least 15 years old, 5,187 (13.0%) people had a bachelor's or higher degree, 22,200 (55.8%) had a post-high school certificate or diploma, and 10,800 (27.2%) people exclusively held high school qualifications. The median income was $ 35,800, compared with $ 41,500 nationally. 2,727 people (6.9%) earned over $ 100,000 compared to 12.1% nationally. The employment status of those at least 15
1380-638: The city centre. The Pasifika populations in Ponsonby and Freemans Bay peaked in 1976. Grey Lynn continued to have a large Pasifika population (particularly Samoan ) until the mid-1980s. The umbrella term Pasifika , meaning "Pacific" in Polynesian languages , was first used by government agencies in New Zealand in the 1980s to describe all migrants from the Pacific islands and their descendants. There were 442,632 people identifying as being part of
1426-489: The city of Gisborne. No other settlements have a population of over 1000; the largest are the towns of Tolaga Bay and Ruatoria , each with populations of over 800 in 2001. Inland, the land is rough, predominantly forested, hill country. A spine of rough ridges dominates the centre of the region, culminating in the impressive bulk of the 1752 metre Mount Hikurangi in Waiapu Valley in the region's northeast. Hikurangi
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1472-640: The first Pasifika member of parliament (MP), when he won the Otara electorate seat for Labour . Field was joined in 1996 by Samoan politicians Mark Gosche and Arthur Anae (the first Pasifika MP from the National Party ), and by Winnie Laban in 1999. In 2008, Field left the Labour Party and formed the New Zealand Pacific Party , a short-lived political party aimed at representing conservative Christian Pasifika communities. For
1518-564: The late 19th century, the area was known as Tūranga. However, as the Gisborne town site was laid out in 1870, the name changed to Gisborne, after the Colonial Secretary William Gisborne , and to avoid confusion with the town of Tauranga . The region was formerly known as the East Coast , although the region is often divided into the East Coast proper (or East Cape), north of the city, and Poverty Bay ,
1564-514: The mid-1970s, gentrification became an issue for Pasifika communities in Auckland. The cheap housing found in Ponsonby and other inner city Auckland suburbs were attractive to Pākehā young professionals, especially socially liberal families searching for a multicultural and urban lifestyle. As these houses were purchased, the available rental stock plummeted, and Pasifika families who tended to rent more began to relocate to suburbs further out from
1610-580: The middle of Tolaga Bay. There is a bar at the river mouth with around 2 metres of water at high tide. The Ūawa River is called the Hikuwai further up. Tributaries include the Waiau and the Mangaheia . In 2018 heavy rains washed huge amounts of discarded forestry timber (or slash) down the Ūawa River, which choked up the estuary, covered the beach, and caused extensive damage to farms and houses. An island in
1656-511: The name is unclear. It may have been a misunderstanding of "teraki" or "tarakaka", referring to the local south-westerly wind rather than the place. The original Māori name is Uawa Nui A Ruamatua (shortened to Uawa), and some local residents now refer to the area as Hauiti , and themselves as Hauitians from the local hapū Te Aitanga-a-Hauiti . At the time of Cook's visit, according to Anne Salmond , here "a famous school of learning (Known as Te Rawheoro) that specialized in tribal lore and carving
1702-466: The next highest concentrations in the nearby Ōtara-Papatoetoe local board area (48.7%) and Manurewa local board area (39.9%). Porirua City had the highest concentration of Pacific people outside of Auckland at 26.5%. The lowest concentrations of Pasifika New Zealanders are in northern Canterbury : the Kaikōura district had the lowest concentration at 1.0%, with the neighbouring Hurunui district having
1748-623: The refurbishment project finished in May 2013. Two marae are located south of the main township: Three marae are located north of the main township: In October 2020, the Government committed $ 5,756,639 from the Provincial Growth Fund to upgrade 29 Ngāti Porou marae, including Te Rawheoro Marae, Hauiti Marae, Puketawai Marae and Hinemaurea ki Mangatuna Marae. The funding was expected to create 205 jobs. Tolaga Bay Area School
1794-546: The second-lowest concentration at 1.3%. According to responses to the 2018 census, 91.6% of Pacific Peoples spoke English, and 37.8% spoke two languages. At the 2018 census, 59.4% of Pasifika reported belonging to a single ethnic group. The largest Pacific Peoples ethnic groups – immigrants from a particular Pacific nation and their descendants – are Samoan New Zealanders (182,721 people), Tongan New Zealanders (82,389), Cook Island Māori (80,532), and Niueans (30,867). In 1993, Samoan-born Taito Phillip Field became
1840-400: Was $ 26,900, compared with $ 31,800 nationally. 180 people (13.0%) earned over $ 70,000 compared to 17.2% nationally. The employment status of those at least 15 was that 687 (49.6%) people were employed full-time, 219 (15.8%) were part-time, and 81 (5.8%) were unemployed. Tolaga Bay was named by Lt. James Cook in 1769. Described as "an obvious corruption of a Maori name", the exact derivation of
1886-564: Was 36.7 years (compared with 38.1 years nationally). There were 11,382 people (22.3%) aged under 15 years, 9,627 (18.8%) aged 15 to 29, 21,648 (42.3%) aged 30 to 64, and 8,481 (16.6%) aged 65 or older. People could identify as more than one ethnicity. The results were 56.5% European ( Pākehā ); 54.8% Māori ; 5.6% Pasifika ; 3.8% Asian ; 0.7% Middle Eastern, Latin American and African New Zealanders (MELAA); and 1.8% other, which includes people giving their ethnicity as "New Zealander". English
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1932-427: Was 5.8, compared with 27.1% nationally. Although some people chose not to answer the census's question about religious affiliation, 51.1% had no religion, 34.5% were Christian , 3.6% had Māori religious beliefs , 0.2% were Buddhist and 1.5% had other religions. Of those at least 15 years old, 213 (15.4%) people had a bachelor's or higher degree, and 324 (23.4%) people had no formal qualifications. The median income
1978-635: Was reported (a heart attack of an elderly woman, sustained during the quake) plus minor injuries. The region is sheltered by high country to the west and has a dry, sunny climate. It has a yearly average of 2,200 sunshine hours. The annual rainfall varies from about 1000 mm near the coast to over 2500 mm in higher inland country. Typical maxima range from 20 to 28 °C in summer and 10-16 °C in winter. Minima vary from 10 to 16 °C in summer to 0-8 °C in winter. Gisborne District covers 8,385.06 km (3,237.49 sq mi) and had an estimated population of 53,300 as of June 2024, with
2024-495: Was sited..." Tupaia , the Raiatean navigator accompanying Cook since Tahiti, met with the tohunga , priest, of this whare wananga . Tupaia exchanged news of the "Māori island homelands, known to Māori as 'Rangiatea' (Ra'iatea), ' Hawaiki ' (Havai'i, the ancient name for Rai'iatea), and 'Tawhiti' ( Tahiti )." The Māori viewed Tupaia as a tohunga , and many children born during his visit bore his name. Additionally, Tupaia made
2070-542: Was spoken by 96.1%, Māori language by 16.9%, Samoan by 0.5% and other languages by 5.8%. No language could be spoken by 2.2% (e.g. too young to talk). New Zealand Sign Language was known by 0.4%. The percentage of people born overseas was 11.6, compared with 28.8% nationally. Religious affiliations were 31.2% Christian , 0.6% Hindu , 0.3% Islam , 4.6% Māori religious beliefs , 0.4% Buddhist , 0.5% New Age , and 1.2% other religions. People who answered that they had no religion were 53.7%, and 8.1% of people did not answer
2116-455: Was that 18,867 (47.5%) people were employed full-time, 5,505 (13.8%) were part-time, and 1,590 (4.0%) were unemployed. In the 2018 census, 77.6% of the population could speak in one language only, 18.9% in two languages and 1.1% in three or more languages. Gisborne, with a population of 38,800, is the only urban area in the district with a population over 1,000. It is home to 72.8% of the district's population. Other towns and settlements in
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