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47-476: Toms River Regional Schools is a comprehensive regional public school district primarily located in the quickly growing coastal community of Toms River , located in Ocean County , in the U.S. state of New Jersey , along the state's Jersey Shore . The district includes Toms River and the adjoining boroughs of Beachwood , Pine Beach and South Toms River . It is the largest suburban school district in

94-481: A "board of trustees," "board of education," "school committee," etc.. This body usually appoints or hires an experienced public school administrator to function as the district's superintendent of schools – a district's chief executive . The superintendent oversees daily operations, decisions and implements the policies of the board. The school board may also exercise a quasi-judicial function in serious employee or student discipline matters. School districts in

141-470: A Type II school district, the board's trustees are elected directly by voters to serve three-year terms of office on a staggered basis, with three seats up for election each year held (since 2012) as part of the November general election. The board appoints a superintendent to oversee the district's day-to-day operations and a business administrator to supervise the business functions of the district. Seats on

188-626: A certain degree comparable to a school district. Other arrangements are possible: certain types of special schools in North Rhine-Westphalia are run by the Landschaftsverbände . There also exist private schools , mostly funded by the States, but run by private entities like churches or foundations. In Italy , school districts were established in 1974 by the " Provvedimenti Delegati sulla scuola " ("Assigned Laws [to

235-568: A decline in property tax revenues during and after the Great Recession . By 2016 there were about 13,000 school districts, and the average student population was about 5,000. Although these terms can vary slightly between various states and regions, these are typical definitions for school district constitution: These terms may not appear in a district's name, even though the condition may apply. In England and Wales , school boards were established in 1870, and abolished in 1902, with

282-411: A decrease of 38,127 or 35%. Many states had passed laws facilitating school district consolidation. In 1951 the majority of the school districts in existence were rural school districts only providing elementary education, and some school districts did not operate schools but instead provided transportation to other schools. The Midwest had a large number of rural school districts. Previously areas of

329-401: A grant of authority and within geographic limits created by state law. The executive and legislative power over locally-controlled policies and operations of an independent school district are, in most cases, held by a school district's board of education. Depending on state law, members of a local board of education (often referred to informally as a school board ) may be elected, appointed by

376-475: A heart attack, Roselli announced his retirement. Thomas Gialanella was appointed interim superintendent, effective July 1, 2013, and Marianne Gaffney was appointed interim assistant superintendent, replacing Joseph Pizza as of August 1, 2013. Subsequently, due to Gialanella's inability to start on July 1, James Hauenstein was named interim superintendent for the month of July 2013. David Healy took over as permanent superintendent on July 1, 2014, after being named by

423-543: A major festival held during the summer in 2005, 2006 and 2008. The district is classified by the New Jersey Department of Education as being in District Factor Group "DE", the fifth-highest of eight groupings. District Factor Groups organize districts statewide to allow comparison by common socioeconomic characteristics of the local districts. From lowest socioeconomic status to highest,

470-641: A minority of secondary schools , a few primary schools, and much further education . (Most schools are neither organized geographically nor publicly managed, although the Department of Education inspects and funds them and pays teachers' salaries.) Each ETB area comprises one or more local authority areas , with city or county councilors forming the bulk of the ETB board. The ETBs was formed in 2005 by amalgamating Vocational Education Committees established in 1930, also based on local government areas. In Hong Kong ,

517-407: A political office holder, serve ex officio , or a combination of any of these. An independent school district is a legally separate body corporate and political . Most school districts operate as independent local governmental units with exclusive authority over K–12 public educational operations and policies. The extent of their control is set by state-level law. Litigation against school districts

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564-455: A school system that is separate but similar to a town's or a county's powers. These include the power to enter contacts, use eminent domain , and to issue binding rules and regulations affecting school policies and operations. The power of school districts to tax and spend is generally more limited. For example, many school districts in New York state require a majority of voters living in

611-710: A single school district." Noting that most modern school districts were formed by consolidating one-room school districts in the first seven decades of the 20th century, Fischel argues that "outside the South, these consolidations were consented to by local voters" who "preferred districts whose boundaries conformed to their everyday interactions rather than formal units of government" and that "[t]he South ended up with county-based school districts because segregation imposed diseconomies of scale on district operations and required larger land-area districts." In New York , most school districts are separate governmental units with

658-468: A third high school, which was rejected by a margin of nearly a 1,000 votes. Toms River High School East opened in September 1979 on a 79-acre (32 ha) site in a building constructed at a cost of $ 10.9 million (equivalent to $ 45.8 million in 2023). Opened at a time of rising energy prices, the building was designed so that each classroom had only two windows in order to reduce heat loss through

705-593: Is a non-operating community public school district that operated one school serving students in Kindergarten through sixth grade from Seaside Park , in the U.S. state of New Jersey , until it closed at the end of the 2009-10 school year. District officials announced in May 2010 that the school would be closing and that students would attend elementary schools in the nearby Toms River Regional Schools for grades K-6. Officials cited costs of $ 37,000 per student if

752-402: Is also known as The Bubble , and is home to many New Jersey State indoor athletic meets (including state championships). The Indoor Complex features a 200-meter six-lane track with and eight-lane straightaway, a FinishLynx electronic timing system, and accommodates field events such as shot put , high jump , pole vault , long jump , and triple jump . The Indoor Complex was first installed for

799-427: Is common and some law firms specialize in education law. Districts typically maintain professional liability insurance in order to pay its settlements and legal liabilities. As of 2023 in most U.S. states, public school districts may lay taxes to fund their operations. In others, such as Maine , some school districts are able to lay taxes and others are not. Independent school districts often exercise authority over

846-718: Is part of the Bennett Complex, which also features outdoor facilities. The Bennett Complex is located between Hooper Elementary and Toms River Intermediate East at 1519 Hooper Avenue in Toms River. It is named after long time Superintendent John Bennett, who served the district from 1960 to 1977. Amongst other events, the Bennett Complex has hosted the track meet component of the NJSIAA Tournament of Champions in 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010, 2011, 2012 (for indoor athletics only), 2013, and 2014. The Indoor Athletic Complex

893-697: The Education Bureau divides primary schools into 36 districts, known as school nets, for its Primary One Admission System . Of the 36 districts, districts 34 and 41 in Kowloon and districts 11 and 12 in Hong Kong Island are considered the most prestigious. In Iranian cities school kids normal registrations are limited by school districts, register is online at my.medu.ir and the parent sees schools within range online. Seaside Park School District The Seaside Park School District

940-679: The Lavallette School District , under the terms of a dual sending/receiving relationship. The Lavallette district had actively supported the proposal when the original petition was submitted in 2015 and the Appellate Division rejected the objections raised by the Toms River district, noting that no protest had been made when Seaside Park had submitted its original petition. Toms River Regional Schools has denied continued outside requests for racially insensitive mascots depicting Native Americans to be retired, including

987-790: The Midwest and West tend to cross municipal boundaries, while school districts in New England and the Mid-Atlantic regions tend to adhere to city, township, and/or county boundaries. As of 1951 school districts were independent governmental units in 26 states, while in 17 states there were mixes of independent school districts and school districts subordinate to other local governments. In nine states there were only school districts subordinate to local governments. In most Southern states, school systems operate either as an arm of county government or at least share coextensive boundaries with

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1034-710: The Unorganized Borough of Alaska were not served by school districts but instead served by schools directly operated by the Alaska Department of Education and by Bureau of Indian Affairs (BIA) schools. The state schools were transferred to the Alaska State-Operated School System (SOS) after the Alaska Legislature created it in 1971; that agency was terminated in 1975, with its schools transferred to

1081-442: The county council and county borough councils becoming the local education authorities . In France, the system of the carte scolaire was dismantled by the beginning of the 2007 school year. More school choice has been given to French students; however, priority is given to those who meet the following criteria: In Germany , schools and teachers are predominately funded by the states of Germany , which also are in control of

1128-683: The 2005–2006 school year. The Indoor Complex was damaged by Hurricane Sandy , but was repaired and reopened in January 2013. The RWJBarnabas Health Arena is a public arena connected to High School North, opened in 2003. There have been many sponsorships and name changes since its induction, including the Ritacco Center, the Poland Spring Arena and the Pine Belt Arena. The 3,500-seat facility received its current name,

1175-557: The Government] about the school"). Each district must contain a minimum of 10,000 inhabitants. The national government attempted to link the local schools with local society and culture and local governments. The school districts were dissolved in 2003 by the "legge finanziaria" (law about the government budget) in an attempt to trim the national budget. In the Republic of Ireland, 16 Education and Training Boards (ETBs) administer

1222-648: The RWJBarnabas Health Arena, under the terms of a five-year deal reached in December 2017 under which the district will be paid $ 600,000 for the naming rights. The facility is used for school assemblies, pep rallies and gym classes, and for the graduation ceremonies for the district's high schools and middle schools. It is also used for the High School North Mariner's girls and boys' basketball teams. School district In

1269-560: The Toms River High School South Indians, Toms River Intermediate South Seminoles, and Washington Street Elementary School Warriors. Schools in the district (with 2019-20 enrollment data from the National Center for Education Statistics ) are: Core members of the district's administration are: Frank J. Roselli assumed the role of interim superintendent of schools on October 21, 2010, following

1316-402: The U.S., most K–12 public schools function as units of local school districts. A school district usually operate several elementary , middle , and high schools . The largest urban and suburban districts operate hundreds of schools. While practice varies significantly by state (and in some cases, within a state), most American school districts operate as independent local governmental units under

1363-466: The United States tend to be different from the demographics of the students. This difference is "most pronounced in majority nonwhite jurisdictions and school districts with the largest racial achievement gaps ." There were 130,000 school districts in the country in 1930, with an average student population of 150. From 1942 to 1951 the number of school districts declined from 108,579 to 70,452,

1410-556: The board on March 11, 2014. Healy had been superintendent in the Matawan-Aberdeen Regional School District . Michael S. Citta, who was Principal of Toms River High School South, was named as superintendent in February 2022. The district's board of education , composed of nine members, sets policy and oversees the fiscal and educational operation of the district through its administration. As

1457-528: The categories are A, B, CD, DE, FG, GH, I and J. In previous eras, the district segregated students by race . In 1948 the district had a separate elementary school for black students. Journal of Negro Education stated the school was "very crude and is situated out in the woods." When Central Regional High School opened in September 1956, sending/receiving relationships under which students from Berkeley Township , Island Heights , Lacey Township , Ocean Gate , Seaside Heights and Seaside Park attended

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1504-404: The class of 1970. By 1974, the district was facing split sessions for students, as the district's first and second high schools, Toms River High School South and Toms River High School North, had a total of 4,600 students, nearly 50% above capacity. To address the overcrowding, a March 1975 bond referendum was proposed to raise $ 15 million—the largest ever in county history—for construction of

1551-469: The district or the local government to approval their annual budget, but school districts in Virginia have no taxing authority and must depend on another local government (county, city, or town) for funding. A district's governing body, usually called a school board , is typically elected by direct popular vote but may be appointed by other governmental officials. The governing body might also be known as

1598-482: The district's board of education are allocated based on the population of the constituent municipalities, with six seats assigned to Toms River and the other three municipalities—Beachwood, Pine Beach and South Toms River—each assigned one seat. The Bennett Indoor Athletic Complex is an air-supported structure that provides an indoor venue for athletics to the Toms River Regional Schools. It

1645-433: The district's schools for grades 7-12 were ended. The Toms River district had announced that it could no longer accommodate students from these six municipalities after that date. Constructed at a cost of $ 3.9 million (equivalent to $ 32 million in 2023), Toms River High School North opened in 1969 in order to alleviate overcrowding in the original high school (which was renamed as Toms River High School South), which

1692-534: The fifth-highest of eight groupings. District Factor Groups organize districts statewide to allow comparison by common socioeconomic characteristics of the local districts. From lowest socioeconomic status to highest, the categories are A, B, CD, DE, FG, GH, I and J. Public school students in seventh through twelfth grades attend the schools of the Central Regional School District , which serves students from Island Heights and from

1739-632: The glass. After the Seaside Park School District closed in 2010, a sending / receiving relationship was established to allow students in grades K-6 from Seaside Park to attend the Toms River Schools. In 2017, the Appellate Division affirmed a decision by the New Jersey Department of Education allowing students from Seaside Park the option of attending school for grades K-6 in either Toms River or in

1786-439: The municipalities of Berkeley Township , Ocean Gate , Seaside Heights and Seaside Park . Schools in the district (with 2017-18 enrollment data from the National Center for Education Statistics ) are Central Regional Middle School for grades 7 and 8 (761 students) and Central Regional High School for grades 9 - 12 (1,401 students). The district's Board of Education consists of nine members, who are directly elected by

1833-608: The newly created Alaska Unorganized Borough School District, which was broken apart into twenty-one school districts the following year. In the 2022 Census of Governments, the United States Census Bureau enumerated the following numbers of school systems in the United States: School districts in the US have reduced the number of their employees by 3.3%, or 270,000 between 2008 and 2012, owing to

1880-494: The opening of Intermediate South in 2005, all sixth grade classes were shifted from the district's 12 elementary schools to the three middle schools in order to alleviate overcrowding. Also at that time, Intermediate West was renamed Intermediate North. Intermediate East and Intermediate North are currently the two most populous middle schools in New Jersey. To raise money for the schools, the district created Toms River Fest ,

1927-504: The overall education policies. On the other hand, school buildings are mostly run and funded by municipal governments on different levels of the municipal system (municipalities proper, districts), depending on the size and specialization of a certain school or the population size of a certain municipality. As with other fields of government, for more specialized schools, special government bodies ("Zweckverband") can be established, where municipalities, and not voters, are members; these are to

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1974-441: The power to levy taxes and incur debt, except for the five cities with a population of over 125,000 ( Buffalo , Rochester , Syracuse , Yonkers , and New York City ), where the schools are operated directly by the municipalities. The Hawaii State Department of Education functions as a single statewide school district, unique among states. According to a 2021 study, the demographics of voters who elect local school boards in

2021-461: The school remained open, versus $ 10,500 per student if attending the Toms River district. The shared services agreement was renewed for the 2013-2014 school year. As of the 2008-09 school year, the district's one school had an enrollment of 71 students and 11.6 classroom teachers (on an FTE basis), for a student–teacher ratio of 6.1. The district was classified by the New Jersey Department of Education as being in District Factor Group "DE",

2068-556: The state's counties. A 2010 study by economist William A. Fischel found that "two-thirds of medium-to-large American cities have boundaries that substantially overlap those of a single school district" with substantial regional and state variations in the degree of overlap, "ranging from nearly perfect congruence in New England , New Jersey, and Virginia, to hardly any in Illinois, Texas, and Florida." Older and more populous municipalities "tend to have boundaries that closely match those of

2115-719: The state, and the fourth largest school district in New Jersey (after Newark , Jersey City and Paterson ). It is also the largest school district in the state that is not an Abbott District . As of the 2018–19 school year, the district, comprising 18 schools, had an enrollment of 15,472 students and 1,171.6 classroom teachers (on an FTE basis), for a student–teacher ratio of 13.2:1. The district has three high schools -- Toms River High School South , Toms River High School North , and Toms River High School East —as well as three middle schools—Toms River Intermediate School East, Toms River Intermediate School North (formerly Intermediate West), and Toms River Intermediate School South. With

2162-458: The sudden retirement of longtime superintendent Michael J. Ritacco, who earlier that day surrendered to the FBI and was charged in an 18-count fraud indictment. Ritacco was accused and ultimately convicted of accepting between one and two million dollars in bribes from the school district's insurance broker. Roselli was appointed superintendent on January 18, 2011. In the spring of 2013, after suffering

2209-402: Was found to be too small to accommodate the fast-growing community. When the school opened it served students living north of Route 37 , while those living south of that line would attend Toms River South, including those from the constituent districts of Beachwood , Pine Beach and South Toms River . The first class to graduate wasn't until 1971, since all of the seniors were kept at TRHSS for

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