58-715: The Toronto Xtreme (formerly Toronto Renegades ) were a Canadian rugby union team based in Markham, Ontario . The team played in the Rugby Canada Super League and drew most of its players from the Toronto Rugby Union . Founded in 1999 as the Toronto Renegades, the team was Eastern Champions in 1999, 2001, and 2003. The Xtreme did not participate in the 2008 season which was the final year of RCSL. In 2009, Rugby Canada disbanded
116-640: A blank deed, which did not have a land description, leaving the actual purchase incomplete. In 1788, surveyor Alexander Aitken was assigned to conduct a survey of the Toronto site. The Mississaugas blocked him from surveying west of the Humber, saying the lands to the west had not been ceded. Aitken was only allowed to survey the land after British authorities interceded with the Mississaugas. Aitken surveyed west to Etobicoke Creek, but did not survey more than
174-543: A distillery and a threshing-machine maker. There were eleven grist and twenty-four saw mills in the surrounding township. In 1850 the first form of structured municipal government formed in Markham. By 1857 most of the township had been cleared of timber and was under cultivation. Villages like Thornhill , Unionville and Markham greatly expanded. In 1851 Markham Village "was a considerable village, containing between eight and nine hundred inhabitants, pleasantly situated on
232-607: A few miles from the lake (as far north as the northern limit of where the creek forms the present Toronto- Mississauga limits) before stopping to avoid further confrontation. There was no further progress on the Purchase until 1805. In 1805, the British wanted to conclude a further treaty for the purchase of the lands along Lake Ontario to the west of the Toronto Purchase. Not knowing what the precise boundaries were for
290-526: A former Progressive Conservative MPP for Markham and a Presbyterian church minister. The community elects the mayor and four regional councillors to represent the City of Markham at the regional level. The municipality pays the Councillors for their services, but in many municipalities, members of council usually serve part-time and work at other jobs. Residents elected the current members of council to
348-603: A four-year term of office, in accordance with standards set by the province. The selection of members for the offices of mayor and regional councillors are made town-wide, while ward councillors are elected by individual ward. The city council is at the Markham Civic Centre at the intersection of York Regional Road 7 and Warden Avenue . The site of the previous offices on Woodbine Avenue has been redeveloped for commercial uses. The historic town hall on Main Street
406-534: A historical plaque in front of the Markham Museum to commemorate the founding of Markham's role in Ontario's heritage. Town council voted on May 29, 2012, to change Markham's legal designation from "town" to "city"; according to Councillor Alex Chiu, who introduced the motion, the change of designation merely reflects the fact that many people already think of Markham as a city. Some residents objected to
464-410: A now mostly-vanished road known as Indian Line , which was named due to it forming the purchase boundary) to the west, approximately Ashbridge's Bay /Woodbine Avenue-Highway 404 to the east and approximately south of Sideroad 15-Bloomington Road to the north) for some money, 2,000 gun flints , 24 brass kettles , 120 mirrors , 24 laced hats, a bale of flowered flannel , and 96 gallons of rum . At
522-400: A population density of 1,604.8/km (4,156.4/sq mi) in 2021. Immigrants made up 58% of the population of Markham in the 2021 census. Top countries of origin for the immigrant population were China (33.8%, excluding 16.4% from Hong Kong ), India (7.2%), Sri Lanka (6.4%), Philippines (3.6%), Iran (3.5%), Pakistan (2.7%), Vietnam (1.8%), Jamaica (1.8%), Guyana (1.6). In
580-464: A village within the boundaries of the present Milne Conservation Area. European settlement in Markham first began in 1794. The Lieutenant-Governor of Upper Canada , John Graves Simcoe (in office 1791–1796), named the township of Markham, north of the town of York (now Toronto ), after his friend William Markham , then Archbishop of York . William Berczy first surveyed Markham as a township in 1793, and in 1794 led 75 German families (including
638-513: Is also home to Shouldice Hospital , one of the world's premier facilities for people suffering from hernias . For those living near Steeles , they sometimes will be able to receive treatment at The Scarborough Hospital Birchmount Campus in Toronto/ Scarborough . North York General Hospital also serves for 24/7 care, serving North York and the lower Markham area. Garbage collection is provided by Miller Waste Systems since
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#1732801286015696-422: Is generally 1–2 °C (1.8–3.6 °F) cooler than in downtown Toronto . It has a humid continental climate ( Köppen climate classification Dfb ) and features warm, humid summers with rainfall occurring from May to October and cold, snowy winters. The highest temperature recorded was 37.8 °C (100.0 °F) on August 8, 2001, during the eastern North America heat wave and the lowest temperature recorded
754-602: Is in Ottawa , Ontario. Policing is provided by York Regional Police at a station (5 District) at the corner of McCowan Road and Carlton Road and Highway 7. Highway 404, Highway 407 and parts of Highway 48 are patrolled by the Ontario Provincial Police . Toronto Police Service is responsible for patrol on Steeles from Yonge Street to the York—Durham Line . Markham Fire and Emergency Services
812-482: Is now a restored office building. The Mayor's Youth Task Force was created to discuss issues facing young people in the city and to plan and publicize events. Its primary purpose is to encourage youth participation within the community. Municipal elections are held every four years in Ontario. The most recent election took place in October, 2022, and the next is scheduled for October, 2026. The links listed below provide
870-538: The Conseil scolaire catholique MonAvenir operates Catholic French schools. In the 19th century Markham had a vibrant, independent community with mills, distilleries and breweries around the intersection of Highway 7 and Markham Road. The Thomas Speight Wagon Works exported products (wagons, horsecars) around the world, and Markham had a reputation as being more active than York (the former name for Toronto) early on. Most of these industries disappeared leaving farming as
928-679: The 2021 Census , Markham had a population of 338,503, which ranked it the largest in York Region, fourth largest in the Greater Toronto Area (GTA), and 16th largest in Canada. The city gained its name from the first Lieutenant-Governor of Upper Canada , John Graves Simcoe (in office 1791–1796), who named the area after his friend, William Markham , the Archbishop of York from 1776 to 1807. Indigenous people lived in
986-866: The Bay of Quinte for the Mohawks who had been loyal to the British to settle (today's Tyendinaga Mohawk Territory ). Between 1783 and 1785, 10,000 Loyalists arrived and were settling on land the Crown had recognized as Indian Land. In 1784, the Mississaugas surrendered more land in the Niagara peninsula, including land on the Grand River for the Iroquois . In 1786, Lord Dorchester arrived in Quebec City as Governor-in-Chief of British North America. His mission
1044-789: The Confucius Institute . York University 's campus in Downtown Markham opened in September 2024. It serves the entirety of York Region and upper Scarborough . Markham has a number of both public and Catholic high schools . All have consistently scored high on standardized tests and have some of the highest rate of graduates attending universities. The York Region District School Board operates secular English public schools. The York Catholic District School Board operates English Catholic schools. The Conseil scolaire Viamonde operates secular French schools, and
1102-579: The Lake Ontario shoreline. The land sold consists of: The Purchased was signed by Sir John Johnson, William Claus (deputy superintendent of Indian Affairs representing the Crown). Witness consisted of: British Confirming Indian Chief Totems First Nations Starting in 1986, the Mississaugas opened a land claims settlement process with the Government of Canada to rectify its grievance over
1160-579: The Mississaugas of New Credit to the British crown . An initial, disputed, agreement was made in 1787, in exchange for various items. The agreement was revisited in 1805, intended to clarify the area purchased. The agreement remained in dispute for over 200 years until 2010, when a settlement for the land was made between the Government of Canada and the Mississaugas for the land and other lands in
1218-428: The province ), and the township had eleven gristmills and twenty-four sawmills. In 1846 Smith's Canadian Gazetteer indicated a population of about 300, mostly Canadians, Pennsylvanian Dutch (actually Pennsylvania Deitsch or German), other Germans, Americans, Irish and a few from Britain. There were two churches with a third being built. There were tradesmen of various types, a grist mill, an oatmill mill, five stores,
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#17328012860151276-540: The "Carrying-Place" of Bay of Quinte . The British crown and the Mississaugas of New Credit met to arrange for the sale of lands along Lake Ontario. In the case of the Toronto area, the Mississaugas of New Credit exchanged 250,808 acres (101,498 ha) of land in what became York County (most of current Toronto and the Regional Municipality of York bounded by Lake Ontario to the south, approximately Etobicoke Creek and Highways 427 and 50 (both part of
1334-482: The 1970s, Markham rapidly shifted from being an agricultural community to an industrialized municipality due to urban sprawl from neighbouring Toronto . Markham changed its status from town to city on July 1, 2012. As of 2013 , tertiary industry mainly drives Markham. As of 2010 , "business services" employed the largest proportion of workers in Markham – nearly 22% of its labour force. The city also has over 1,000 technology and life-sciences companies, with IBM as
1392-662: The 2021 census, the most reported ethnocultural background was Chinese (47.9%), followed by European (17.7%), South Asian (17.6%), Black (3.1%), West Asian (2.9%), Filipino (2.7%), Korean (1.3%), Arab (1.0%), Latin American (0.8%), and Southeast Asian (0.7%). The most common ethnic or cultural origins as per the 2021 census are as follows: Chinese (43.3%), Indian (7.0%), Canadian (4.0%), English (3.8%), Hong Konger (3.7%), Sri Lankan (3.3%), Tamil (3.1%), Irish (3.1%), Scottish (3.1%), Filipino (2.9%), Italian (2.8%), Pakistani (2.1%), and Iranian (2.0%). In 2021, 40.8% of
1450-508: The Bay of Quinte and Niagara areas, and chose instead the location north of the Bay of Toronto, midway between the settlements and 30 miles (48 km) from the US. Under the policy of the time, the British recognized aboriginal title to the land and Dorchester arranged to purchase the lands from the Mississaugas . The 1787 purchase, according to British records, was conducted on September 23, 1787, at
1508-501: The Markham-Vaughan municipal boundary (portions of it in both municipalities). Unionville is a single community with three sub-communities: In the 2021 Census of Population conducted by Statistics Canada , Markham had a population of 338,503 living in 110,867 of its 114,908 total private dwellings, a change of 2.9% from its 2016 population of 328,966 . With a land area of 210.93 km (81.44 sq mi), it had
1566-780: The Mississauga people to the British Crown for 10 shillings and fishing rights on the Etobicoke river. The remainder of Markham's land (roughly east of Woodbine Avenue/Highway 404) is covered by the Johnson-Butler Purchase of 1787-88 (aka Gunshot Treaty) and formally by the Williams Treaties , signed in 1923. Objects recovered by local mill-owners, the Milne family, in the 1870s give evidence of
1624-652: The RCSL and started a new league called Rugby Canada National Junior Championship . The Toronto Rugby Union fielded a team known as the Toronto Rebellion during the 2009 RCNJC season . This Toronto -related article is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . Markham, Ontario Markham ( / ˈ m ɑːr k ə m / ) is a city in York Region , Ontario , Canada. It is approximately 30 km (19 mi) northeast of Downtown Toronto . In
1682-512: The Ramers, Reesors, Wheters, Burkholders, Bunkers, Wicks and Lewis) from Upstate New York to an area of Markham now known as German Mills . Each family was granted 81 ha (200 acres) of land; however the lack of roads in the region led many to settle in York (present-day Toronto) and Niagara . German Mills later became a ghost town . Between 1803 and 1812 another attempt at settling the region
1740-590: The Rouge River. It contains two grist mills ... a woollen factory, oatmeal mill, barley mill and distillery, foundry, two tanneries, brewery, etc., a temperance hall and four churches... ." In 1871, with a township population of 8,152, the Toronto and Nipissing Railway built the first rail line to Markham Village and Unionville, which is still used today by the GO Transit commuter services. In 1971 Markham
1798-563: The Toronto Purchase, William Claus , the agent for the British Indian Department, met with Indigenous representatives to produce a new treaty. Claus presented a map showing the Purchase as including the lands from Ashbridge's Bay west to Etobicoke Creek, north 28 miles (45 km) to Simcoe. None of the Indigenous chiefs who had agreed to the original Purchase were alive to dispute the boundaries, which went far beyond
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1856-538: The area of present-day Markham for thousands of years before Europeans arrived in the area. The first European settlement in Markham occurred when William Berczy , a German artist and developer, led a group of approximately sixty-four German families to North America. While they planned to settle in New York, disputes over finances and land tenure led Berczy to negotiate with Simcoe for 26,000 ha (64,000 acres) in what would later become Markham Township in 1794. Since
1914-592: The area. Under the Treaty of Paris which ended the conflict between Great Britain and its former colonies, the boundary of British North America was set in the middle of the Great Lakes. This made the land north of the border more important, strategically and as the place for Loyalists to settle after the war. In 1781, the Mississaugas surrendered a strip of land along the Niagara River , and in 1783, land on
1972-542: The building which was formerly the Canadian head office of American Express from 1985 to 2015. Markham is home to several locally oriented performing arts groups: A key arts venue is the 'Markham Theatre For Performing Arts', at the Markham Civic Centre at Highway 7 and Warden Avenue. The facility is owned by the City of Markham and operates under the city's Culture Department. Until the 1970s, Markham
2030-400: The change because it will involve unknown costs without any demonstrated benefits. The designation officially took effect on July 1. Markham covers 212.47 km (82.04 sq mi) and Markham's city centre is at 43°53′N 79°15′W / 43.883°N 79.250°W / 43.883; -79.250 ( Markham city centre ) . It is bounded by five municipalities; in
2088-441: The city's Operations Department: Markham has scenic pathways running over 22 km over its region. These pathways include 12 bridges allowing walkers, joggers, and cyclists to make use and enjoy the sights it has to offer. Markham's green space includes woodlots, ravines, and valleys that are not only enjoyable to its residents, but are important for the continued growth of the region's plants and animals. These natural spaces are
2146-436: The city's largest employer. Several multinational companies have their Canadian headquarters in Markham, including: Honda Canada , Hyundai , Advanced Micro Devices , Johnson & Johnson , General Motors , Avaya , IBM , Motorola , Oracle , Toshiba , Toyota Financial Services , Huawei , Honeywell , General Electric and Scholastic Canada . Indigenous people lived in the area of present-day Markham since
2204-632: The community and learn about local and Canadian art . The Markham Public Library system has eight branches. Some branches offer unique digital tools such as a Digital Media lab with graphic designs software, a recording studio with video editing / audio editing software and a green screen, and a maker space with 3D printers , virtual reality , and laser cutters . With a library card, user can take free online courses , borrow household tools and equipment and educational toys. Notable sporting events held by Markham include: Recreation Department runs programs in these facilities and maintained by
2262-417: The company's founding in 1961. Seneca College has a campus in Markham, at Highway 7 and the 404 near Woodbine Avenue/Leslie Street, in the York Region business district. This location opened in 2005, offering full and part-time programs in business, marketing and tourism, and also the college's departments of Finance, Human Resources and Information Technology Services. Since 2011 the campus has also housed
2320-576: The east it borders Pickering along York-Durham Line. Markham's average altitude is at 200 m (660 ft) and in general consists of gently rolling hills. The city is intersected by two rivers; the Don River and Rouge River , as well as their tributaries. To the north is the Oak Ridges Moraine, which further elevates the elevation towards the north. Markham borders and shares the same climate as Toronto . On an average day, Markham
2378-683: The end of the last Ice Age and the city is situated on the traditional territory of the Haudenosaunee ( Iroquois ), Huron Wendat , Petun and Neutral people. In the early 1600s, when explorers from France arrived, they encountered the Huron-Wendat First Nation. The southwest corner of Markham is included in Treaty 13, known as the Toronto Purchase of 1787, which transferred roughly 250,800 acres of land from
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2436-412: The habitats for rare plant and insect species, offering food and homes essential for the survival of different native insects and birds. Parks and pathways are maintained by the city's Operations Department. Markham has retained its historic past in part of the town. Here a just few places of interest: Toronto Purchase The Toronto Purchase was the sale of lands in the Toronto area from
2494-509: The main source of business. Light industries and businesses began to move into Markham in the 1980s attracted by land and lower taxes. Today, it claims to be "Canada's Hi-Tech Capital" with a number of key companies in the area, such as IBM, Motorola, Toshiba, Honeywell , Apple, Genesis Microchip , and is home to the head office of graphics card producer ATI Technologies (in 2006 merged with AMD). Over 1,100 technology and life science companies have offices in Markham, employing over one fifth of
2552-489: The original acreage described by Johnson, and accepted the map. This became the basis for a new treaty. An Indenture (a revision) of the deal was made on August 1, 1805. Both the 1787 Purchase and its 1805 Indenture were registered as Crown Treaty No. 13 . For this revision, the Mississaugas of New Credit First Nation also claimed the Toronto Islands , which was not part of the purchase as the agreement only went to
2610-412: The population did not identify with a particular religion. The most reported religions were Christianity (35.1%), Hinduism (9.2%), Islam (7.9%), Buddhism (4.0%), Judaism (1.4%), and Sikhism (1.1%). Markham City Council consists of Frank Scarpitti as mayor, four regional councillors and eight ward councillors each representing one of the city's eight wards. Scarpitti replaced Don Cousens ,
2668-411: The results of recent election results: The city is permitted to create and enforce by-laws upon residents on various matters affecting the town. The by-laws are generally enforced by City By-Law enforcement officers, but they may involve York Regional Police if violations are deemed too dangerous for the officers to handle. In addition the by-laws can be linked to various provincial acts and enforced by
2726-474: The rigours of the frontier with the development of agriculture-based industries. The township's many rivers and streams soon supported water-powered saws and gristmills and later wooden mills. With improved transportation routes, such as the construction of Yonge Street in the 1800s, along with the growing population, urbanization increased. In 1842 the township population had reached 5,698; 11,738 ha (29,005 acres) were under cultivation (second highest in
2784-705: The south. Since the 1980s Markham has been recognized as a suburb of Toronto. As of 2006 the city comprises six major communities: Berczy Village , Cornell , Markham Village, Milliken , Thornhill and Unionville. Many high-tech companies have established head offices in Markham, attracted by the relative abundance of land, low tax-rates and good transportation routes. Broadcom Canada, ATI Technologies (now known as AMD Graphics Product Group), IBM Canada , Motorola Canada, Honeywell Canada and many other well-known companies have chosen Markham as their home in Canada. The city has accordingly started branding itself as Canada's "High-Tech Capital". The province of Ontario has erected
2842-628: The time, the Mississaugas believed that the agreement was not a purchase extinguishing their rights to the land, but a rental of the lands for British use in exchange for gifts and presents in perpetuity. Sir John Johnson , head of the Indian Department under Dorchester, described the Toronto Purchase as a ten-mile square at Toronto, with two to four miles on either side of the Toronto Carrying Place trail north to Lake Simcoe. Johnson and Indigenous representatives produced
2900-434: The total workforce. In 2014, the top five employers in the city in order were IBM Canada, the City of Markham, TD Waterhouse Inc. , Markham Stouffville Hospital and AMD Technologies Inc. International Franchise Inc., which owns brands including Swensen's and Yogen Früz and several others, has its headquarters in Markham. General Motors Canada Canadian Technical Centre has been located in Markham since 2017, in
2958-600: The town. Violation of by-laws is subject to fines of up to $ 20,000 CAD. The by-laws of Markham include: There are no courts in Markham, but the city is served by an Ontario Court of Justice in Newmarket , as well as an Ontario Small Claims court in Richmond Hill. There are also served by a Provincial Offence Court in Richmond Hill. The Ontario Court of Appeal is in Toronto, while the Supreme Court of Canada
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#17328012860153016-483: The west is Vaughan with the boundary along Yonge Street between Steeles Avenue and Highway 7 and Richmond Hill with the boundary along Highway 7 from Yonge Street to Highway 404 and at Highway 404 from Highway 7 to 19th Avenue and Stouffville Road . In the south, it borders Toronto with the boundary along Steeles Avenue. In the north it borders Whitchurch–Stouffville with the boundary from Highway 404 to York-Durham Line between 19th Avenue and Stouffville Road. In
3074-413: Was established in 1970 as Markham Fire Department and replaced various local volunteer fire units. Nine fire stations serve Markham. Toronto/Buttonville Municipal Airport is also served by Markham's Fire service. Markham Stouffville Hospital in the city's far eastern end is Markham's main healthcare facility, located at the intersection of Highway 7 and 9th Line (407 and Donald Cousens Parkway). Markham
3132-611: Was incorporated as a town, as its population skyrocketed due to urban sprawl from Toronto. In 1976 Markham's population was approximately 56,000. Since that time, the population has more than quintupled, with explosive growth in new subdivisions. Much of Markham's farmland has disappeared, but some still remains north of Major Mackenzie Drive . Controversy over the development of the environmentally-sensitive Oak Ridges Moraine will likely curb development north of Major Mackenzie Drive and by Rouge National Urban Park east of Reesor Road between Major Mackenzie Drive to Steeles Avenue East to
3190-579: Was made. The largest group of settlers were Pennsylvania Dutch , most of them Mennonites . These highly skilled craftsmen and knowledgeable farmers settled the region and founded Reesorville, named after the Mennonite settler Joseph Reesor. In 1825 Reesorville was renamed to Markham and took the name of the unincorporated village (see Markham Village, Ontario ). By 1830, many Irish , Scottish and English families began immigrating to Upper Canada and settling in Markham. Markham's early years blended
3248-610: Was mostly farmland and marsh, as reflected in events like the Markham Fair . Markham has several theatres, Markham Little Theatre at the Markham Museum , the Markham Youth Theatre , and the Markham Theatre . The Varley Art Gallery is the city of Markham's art museum. The gallery hosts rotating exhibits, public events, art camps and art classes, among other opportunities for citizens to get involved in
3306-547: Was to solve the problems of the newly landed Loyalists. At first, Dorchester suggested opening the new Canada West as districts under the Quebec government, but the British Government made known its intention to split Canada into Upper and Lower Canada. Dorchester began organizing for the new province of Upper Canada, including a capital. Dorchester's first choice was Kingston, but was aware of the number of Loyalists in
3364-429: Was −35.2 °C (−31.4 °F) on January 16, 1994, during the 1994 North American cold wave . Markham is made up of many original 19th-century communities, each with a distinctive character. Many of these, despite being technically suburban districts today, are still signed with official "city limits" signs on major roads: Thornhill and Unionville are popularly seen as being separate communities. Thornhill straddles
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