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94-594: The Tauren have received praise for their environmentally positive traits and unsexualized design, in which females of the species are similarly large-bodied and animalistic as the males. However, Blizzard has also been accused of cultural appropriation of Native Americans when designing their clothing, buildings and culture. Tauren are very large in size compared to humans, with males reaching up to 10 feet tall and females, 9 feet. Their hands have three fingers, while their feet are hooves. Males are bulky, muscular and covered in fur with cow-like colors and patterns. They have

188-421: A game that is not controlled by a player . The term originated in traditional tabletop role-playing games where it applies to characters controlled by the gamemaster or referee rather than by another player. In video games, this usually means a character controlled by the computer (instead of a player) that has a predetermined set of behaviors that potentially will impact gameplay, but will not necessarily be

282-467: A war bonnet , without having earned the right. Authentic Native American war bonnets are sacred ceremonial items earned by people of high status in a traditional tribal society, much like military medals. People from cultures who have this sacred regalia typically consider it disrespectful and offensive when someone who has not earned the right to wear one dons an authentic or imitation headdress, whether as part of pretending to be Native American or as

376-661: A Christian religious symbol. In 2018, Gucci designers were criticised for sending white models for a catwalk at Milan fashion week wearing a Sikh religious headpiece . Thousands of members from the Sikh community shared anger and disappointment that the brand had used Sikh sacred religious symbol for profit. Traditionally in Sikhism , a turban is worn by both men and women as a symbol of piety, honour, and spirituality, however, many people from Sikh community, including Avan Jogia , found it "offensive" and "irresponsible" for

470-440: A Day: Fantasies of Race and Empathy , said blackfishing allowed non-Black people to appropriate what is commonly considered "cool" about Blackness while still avoiding the negative consequences, such as "racism and state violence". According to Health.com , it is an "inverse form" of passing . Additionally, African Americans have been accused of cultural appropriation by people from Africa. This has been disputed, as members of

564-579: A costume or fashion statement. Copying iconography from another culture's history, such as Polynesian tribal tattoos, Chinese characters , or Celtic art , and wearing them without regard to their original cultural significance may also be considered appropriation. Critics of the practice of cultural appropriation contend that divorcing iconography from its cultural context or treating it as kitsch risks offending people who venerate and wish to preserve their cultural traditions. A term among Irish people for someone who imitates or misrepresents Irish culture

658-499: A decline in the popularity of garments like the Cambodian Sampot . However, Cambodia also grapples with ensuring the accuracy of its own cultural representations, as evidenced by efforts to regulate costume rentals at Angkor Wat. In June of 2019, Kim Kardashian launched a clothing line under the name of "Kimono". This clothing line was centered around shapewear lingerie, and the use of the word "kimono" seemed to largely be

752-519: A dialogue box, floating text, cutscene , or other means of displaying the NPCs' speech or reaction to the player. NPC speeches of this kind are often designed to give an instant impression of the character of the speaker, providing character vignettes, but they may also advance the story or illuminate the world around the PC. Similar to this is the most common form of storytelling, non-branching dialogue, in which

846-433: A different culture or attempting to learn about a different culture can not be considered an instance of cultural appropriation. Others state that the act of cultural appropriation, usually defined, does not meaningfully constitute social harm or that the term lacks conceptual coherence. Additionally, the term can set arbitrary limits on intellectual freedom and artists' self-expression, reinforce group divisions, or promote

940-421: A feeling of enmity or grievance rather than of liberation. Cultural appropriation can involve the use of ideas, symbols, artifacts, or other aspects of human-made visual or non-visual culture. As a concept that is controversial in its applications, the propriety of cultural appropriation has been the subject of much debate. Opponents of cultural appropriation view many instances as wrongful appropriation when

1034-755: A form of cultural appropriation but encouraged fellow Muslims and progressively minded non-Muslim students to buy shemaghs made in the Herbawi factory to demonstrate solidarity with the Palestinian people and improve the economy of the West Bank . In 2017, Topshop caused controversy by selling Chinese-made playsuits that imitated the keffiyeh pattern. Several fashion designers and models have featured imitations of Native American warbonnets in their fashion shows, such as Victoria's Secret in 2012, when model Karlie Kloss wore one during her walk on

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1128-570: A form of desecration. Cultural elements that may have deep meaning in the original culture may be reduced to " exotic " fashion or toys by those from the dominant culture. Kjerstin Johnson has written that, when this is done, the imitator, "who does not experience that oppression is able to 'play', temporarily, an 'exotic' other, without experiencing any of the daily discriminations faced by other cultures". The black American academic, musician, and journalist Greg Tate argued that appropriation and

1222-480: A hostile environment for education, in 2005, the NCAA initiated a policy against "hostile and abusive" names and mascots that led to the change of many derived from Native American culture, with the exception of those that established an agreement with particular tribes for the use of their specific names. Other schools retain their names because they were founded for the education of Native Americans and continue to have

1316-586: A hunched posture, hairy mane, and horned head. While female Tauren are still bulky, they are noticeably slimmer and more upright in posture, with smaller manes. In combat, the Tauren's trademark weapon is the totem pole , which they use both for religious meditation purposes and as a club -type weapon. An additional signature weapon is the Tauren halberd , which utilize wooden handles and massive blades. The Tauren were first introduced in Warcraft III as

1410-622: A non-player character. These games often feature a day-night cycle with a time scheduling system that provides context and relevance to character interactions, allowing players to choose when and if to interact with certain characters, which in turn influences their responses during later conversations. In 2023, Replica Studios unveiled its AI -developed NPCs for the Unreal Engine 5 , in cooperation with OpenAI , which enable players to have an interactive conversation with unplayable characters. "NPC streaming"— livestreaming while mimicking

1504-405: A party, that meaning is erased and disrespected, and Native peoples are reminded that our cultures are still seen as something of the past, as unimportant in contemporary society, and unworthy of respect. Both Victoria's Secret and Kloss issued apologies stating that they had no intentions of offending anyone. In 2016, pop star Beyoncé was widely criticised for wearing a sari and bindi in

1598-475: A pattern of cultural appropriation, one in which a form of African American music, such as jazz, is borrowed, and commodified by artists from outside communities, sometimes obscuring the original context and cultural signifigance. The phenomenon of white people adopting elements of black culture has been prevalent, at least since slavery was abolished in the Western world . The concept has been documented in

1692-605: A play on words for Kardashian's name. However, as noted to in Kalled's article, there was immediate outrage from the Japanese community, both located in the US and Japan itself. The controversy reached a point where the mayor of Kyoto at the time sent a letter to Kardashian asking her to reconsider the name, and the celebrity eventually relented. In August of the same year, Jes Kalled published an article for Savvy Tokyo. This article spoke on

1786-759: A significant number of Indigenous students. The trend towards the elimination of Indigenous names and mascots in local schools has been steady, with two-thirds having been eliminated over the past 50 years, according to the National Congress of American Indians (NCAI). In contrast, the Seminole Tribe of Florida , in what the Washington Post called an unusual move, approved of the Florida State Seminoles use of their historical leader, Osceola , and his Appaloosa horse as

1880-565: A type of livestream that allows users to participate in and shape the content they are viewing in real time. It has become widely popular as influencers and users of social media platforms such as TikTok utilize livestreams to act as non-player characters. "Viewers in NPC live streams take on the role of puppeteers, influencing the creator's next move." This phenomenon has been on a rise as viewers are actively involved in what they are watching, by purchasing digital "gifts" and sending them directly to

1974-576: A white model wearing a turban. The popularity of the 2018 Thai period drama " Love Destiny ," which depicts the Ayutthaya Kingdom era, has sparked a trend of Cambodians adopting traditional Thai clothing, including the Sabai and Thai-style jewelry. This trend raises concerns about cultural appropriation. While this phenomenon might stem from admiration, critics argue that it overshadows unique Cambodian sartorial traditions, potentially leading to

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2068-501: Is Plastic Paddy . The adoption of First Nations' art forms and strong geometric forms was in sympathy with the Arts and Crafts Society's commitment to modernist design but without serious consideration of the ethics of the appropriation of Aboriginal motifs by Western artists. During the 1920s the works of artists like Frances Derham , Allan Lowe, Olive Nock borrowed or copied Aboriginal motifs. In 1930, Margaret Preston advocated

2162-828: Is an example of a game series that has advanced from non-branching ( Ultima III: Exodus and earlier) to branching dialogue (from Ultima IV: Quest of the Avatar and on). Other role-playing games with branching dialogues include Cosmic Soldier , Megami Tensei , Fire Emblem , Metal Max , Langrisser , SaGa , Ogre Battle , Chrono , Star Ocean , Sakura Wars , Mass Effect , Dragon Age , Radiant Historia , and several Dragon Quest and Final Fantasy games. Certain video game genres revolve almost entirely around interactions with non-player characters, including visual novels such as Ace Attorney and dating sims such as Tokimeki Memorial , usually featuring complex branching dialogues and often presenting

2256-456: Is general consensus that the more "real" the NPCs feel, the more fun players will have interacting with them in character. In some games and in some circumstances, a player who is without a player character can temporarily take control of an NPC. Reasons for this vary, but often arise from the player not maintaining a PC within the group and playing the NPC for a session or from the player's PC being unable to act for some time (for example, because

2350-461: Is key to discussing the outcomes and implications of instances of appropriation as their meaning are often used interchangeably. Jackson offers his definition of appropriation as the "structural inversion of assimilation ", being that it is an instance in which "a powerful group takes aspects of the culture of a subordinated group, making them its own." In 2023, Jonas R. Kunst, Katharina Lefringhausen, and Hanna Zagefka set about to determine what were

2444-405: Is multiple-choice roleplaying. When talking to an NPC, the player is presented with a list of dialogue options, and may choose between them. Each choice may result in a different response from the NPC. These choices may affect the course of the game, as well as the conversation. At the least, they provide a reference point to the player of their character's relationship with the game world. Ultima

2538-399: Is some debate about how much work a gamemaster should put into an important NPC's statistics; some players prefer to have every NPC completely defined with stats, skills, and gear, while others define only what is immediately necessary and fill in the rest as the game proceeds. There is also some debate regarding the importance of fully defined NPCs in any given role-playing game (RPG), but it

2632-471: Is still common in the United States and Canada and has persisted in some extent despite protests from Indigenous groups. Cornel Pewewardy, Professor and Director of Indigenous Nations Studies at Portland State University , cites Indigenous mascots as an example of dysconscious racism which, by placing images of Native American or First Nations people into an invented media context, continues to maintain

2726-480: Is the adoption of an element or elements of one culture or identity by members of another culture or identity in a manner perceived as inappropriate or unacknowledged. This can be especially controversial when members of a dominant culture appropriate from minority cultures . When cultural elements are copied from a minority culture by members of a dominant culture, and these elements are used outside of their original cultural context – sometimes even against

2820-503: The Ottoman Empire and ancient Egypt argue that Ottoman and Egyptian architectural traditions have long been falsely claimed and praised as Persian or Arab. In 2017, Mehgan Gallagher spoke about what exactly does the debate concerning cultural appropriation entail within the modern age, specifically within the United States. She used contemporary examples of cultural appropriation to highlight cases of controversy. In particular,

2914-612: The Scottish national identity . This was spearheaded by writers such as Sir Walter Scott and James Logan , with Logan's romantic nationalist work The Scottish Gael (1831) leading the Scottish tartan industry to invent clan tartans with spurious association to specific Highland clans . Tartan rapidly became a desirable material for dresses, waistcoats, and cravats across the Western world as part of process known as " tartanry ". In

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3008-567: The mestizo peasant class, was adapted from an earlier hat which was introduced by Spanish colonists during the 18th century. This, in turn, was adapted into the cowboy hat worn by American cowboys after the US Civil War . In 2016, the University of East Anglia prohibited the wearing of sombreros to parties on campus in the belief that these could offend Mexican students, a move that was widely criticised. American Western wear

3102-456: The tiki culture fad of the 1950s, white women frequently donned the qipao to give the impression that they had visited Hong Kong , although the dresses were frequently made by seamstresses in America using rayon rather than genuine silk. At the same time, teenage Teddy Girls wore Asian conical hats due to their exotic connotations. In Mexico, the sombrero , which was associated with

3196-571: The "Tauren warrior" class, and were powerful characters in melee combat. In World of Warcraft , the city of Thunder Bluff was introduced as their capital. In the 2015 MOBA Heroes of the Storm , a character named the Tauren Chieftain appears, who is an electric guitar -playing Tauren who is a member of a rock band , and a playable character in-game. The Highmountain Tauren, a group of Tauren with elk -like antlers, were introduced with

3290-429: The "fetishizing" of cultures, in fact, alienate those whose culture is being appropriated. The concept of cultural appropriation has also been subject to heavy criticism, debate, and nuance. Critics note that the concept is often misunderstood or misapplied by the general public and that charges of "cultural appropriation" are sometimes misapplied to situations. For example, some scholars conclude that trying food from

3384-779: The 1970s, and the hip hop of the 1980s and 1990s. In 1993, an article in the UK newspaper The Independent described the phenomenon of white, middle-class kids who were "wannabe Blacks". The year 2005 saw the publication of Why White Kids Love Hip Hop: Wangstas, Wiggers, Wannabes, and the New Reality of Race in America by Bakari Kitwana, "a culture critic who's been tracking American hip hop for years". Robert A. Clift's documentary Blacking Up: Hip-Hop's Remix of Race and Identity questions white enthusiasts of black hip-hop culture. Clift's documentary examines "racial and cultural ownership and authenticity – a path that begins with

3478-506: The 2016 expansion World of Warcraft: Legion . The Tauren paladin and priest class was introduced in the 2010 World of Warcraft: Cataclysm expansion pack to add additional gameplay flexibility. In 2014, male Tauren were given a character model redesign in World of Warcraft to add facial expressions and make them more realistic, while female Tauren followed months later. While Tauren have long been limited to more warrior-like classes,

3572-435: The 2022 Dragonflight expansion pack allowed players to become a Tauren rogue , something long thought to be a joke by fans of the series due to their large size, hooves, and general lack of stealth. William Sins Bainbridge, writing in the book The Warcraft Civilization, compared the Tauren to minotaurs from Greek mythology , calling them evidence of how eclectic World of Warcraft is in its design. It notes that while

3666-465: The 21st century, practitioners have appropriated and combined Chinese, Japanese and Thai techniques with Western-style boxing, wrestling, and kickboxing. Some authors have expressed the opinion, that in many cases, the study of martial arts by members of other countries and nationalities is not a form of negative 'appropriation', but rather that of appreciation. In Okinawa for example, unlike in China,

3760-544: The British upper class. During the same period, the British comedian Tommy Cooper was known for wearing a Fez throughout his performances. When the keffiyeh became popular in the late 2000s , experts made a clear distinction between wearing a genuine scarf and wearing a cheaper, inauthentic one made in China. Palestinian independence activists and socialists denounced the wearing of scarves not made in Palestine as

3854-541: The Indian churidars into slim-fitting pantaloons and frequently wore turbans within their own houses. Subsequently, Victorian-era gentlemen wore smoking caps based on the Islamic fez , and fashionable turn-of-the-century ladies wore Orientalist Japanese-inspired kimono dresses. Moreover, this obsession with Orientalism was visible in how one company named its passenger shipping line "The Orient Line". During

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3948-647: The Kun Khmer events under these rules. This prompted Thailand to boycott the SEA Games, further straining relations between the two countries. The popularity of Bokator has been partly influenced by international media, such as Tony Jaa's portrayal of martial arts in the " Tom Yum Goong " movie series. Tony Jaa , a renowned Thai martial artist, showcased traditional techniques that have inspired martial arts enthusiasts globally, including in Cambodia. This highlights

4042-422: The PC is injured or in another location). Although these characters are still designed and normally controlled by the gamemaster, when players are given the opportunity to temporarily control these non-player characters, it gives them another perspective on the plot of the game. Some systems, such as Nobilis , encourage this in their rules. Many game systems have rules for characters sustaining positive allies in

4136-406: The PC's choices. The term "non-player character" is also used in video games to describe entities not under the direct control of a player. The term carries a connotation that the character is not hostile towards players; hostile characters are referred to as enemies, mobs , or creeps. NPC behavior in computer games is usually scripted and automatic, triggered by certain actions or dialogue with

4230-460: The South Asian community, the wearing of a bindi dot as a decorative item by a non- Hindu can be seen as cultural appropriation. Cultural appropriation is controversial in the fashion industry due to the belief that some trends commercialise and cheapen the ancient heritage of Indigenous cultures. There is debate about whether designers and fashion houses understand the history behind

4324-615: The Tauren are known as placid and reliable in the series' gameplay, they still faced racial prejudice in the games' fictional world. Digital Culture, Play, and Identity remarked that female Tauren are a major exception to the "model-like females" that World of Warcraft players were used to in the game's world. It described them as being the most alienated from the traditional notion of femininity , it cites their "almost-plump" body, hooves, and cow-like noses as features that would typically be perceived as "ugly", giving players more variation in looks. The Tauren's use of Native American imagery

4418-480: The United States, Canada, the United Kingdom, Australia, and other white-majority countries. An early form of this was the white negro in the jazz and swing music scenes of the 1920s and 1930s, as examined in the 1957 Norman Mailer essay " The White Negro ". It was later seen in the zoot suiter of the 1930s and 1940s, the hipster of the 1940s, the beatnik of the 1950s–1960s, the blue-eyed soul of

4512-459: The United States, plaid flannel had become workwear by the time of America's westward expansion and was widely worn by white pioneers and cowboys in the Old West who were not of Scottish descent. In the 21st century, tartan remains ubiquitous in mainstream fashion. By the 19th century, the object of fascination among Europeans had shifted to Asian cultures. Regency-era dandies adapted

4606-609: The Universal Society of Hinduism. The collection included many items which contained leather, a violation of Hindu beliefs. Ex-Archbishop Justin Welby of the Anglican Church said that the crucifix is "now just a fashion statement and has lost its religious meaning". Crucifixes have been incorporated into Japanese lolita fashion by non-Christians in a cultural context that is distinct from its original meaning as

4700-578: The Washington Redskins of the Nation Football League provided an example that led into a broader conversation regarding the representation of Native Americans when it came to sports mascots. In 2021, Jason Baird Jackson , attempted to create a model by which instances of cultural appropriation could be understood systematically. He argues that understanding the modes of cultural change most similar to cultural appropriation

4794-456: The behaviors of an NPC—became popular on TikTok in 2023 and was largely popularized by livestreamer Pinkydoll . On the Internet, the term NPC is often used as an insult to suggest that some people are unable to form thoughts or opinions of their own. Such people are often characterized as being similar to NPC Wojak , who is a grey-faced, expressionless Internet meme . NPC streaming is

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4888-590: The brightly coloured silk waistcoats popularised by Charles II of England were inspired by Ottoman, Indian, and Persian attire acquired by wealthy European travelers. During the Regency and Victorian eras , the Highland dress , most prominently tartan , was appropriated by Scottish Lowlanders (and people from other parts of the British Isles ) as a result of the influence of romantic nationalism on

4982-462: The clothing they are taking from different cultures, besides the ethical issues of using these cultures' shared intellectual property without consent, acknowledgement, or compensation. According to Minh-Ha T. Pham, writing for The Atlantic , accusations of cultural appropriation are often defended, instead, as cultural appreciation . The necktie or the cravat was derived from a scarf worn by Croatian mercenaries fighting for Louis XIII , and

5076-415: The complex interplay of cultural pride and appropriation in the region. In Scotland , the use of incorrect Scottish Gaelic in a tokenistic fashion aimed at non-Gaelic speakers on signage and announcements has been criticised as disrespectful to fluent speakers of the language. Non-player character A non-player character ( NPC ), also called a non-playable character , is a character in

5170-543: The context. As an Asian-American, K-Pop fans in America is more appreciation, as opposed to Koreaboos who just use Korean names for comedy are appropriating." A common example of cultural appropriation is the adoption of the iconography of another culture and its use for purposes that are unintended by the original culture or even offensive to that culture's mores . For example, the use of Native American tribal names or images as mascots . Author Kevin Bruyneel discuss

5264-440: The damage inflicted on indigenous communities from the overwhelming presence of these symbols, as they often reinforce colonial dynamics and perpetuate stereotypical, Euro- American perspectives. Other examples include people not from the originating culture wearing jewelry or fashion that incorporates religious symbols such as the medicine wheel , or wearing items of deep cultural significance and status that must be earned, such as

5358-460: The diaspora have claimed a link to Africa, but those from Africa have disputed it. In China, there is longstanding resentment of the Japanese schools of karate for stealing, imitating, and claiming credit for the forms of kung fu . Before the 1970s, most sifu disapproved of teaching kung fu to non-Chinese students. In the mid-20th century, Japanese karate was itself appropriated by American soldiers. As mixed martial arts gained popularity in

5452-528: The differences between cultural appropriation and genuine cultural change. They detailed what they determined as the "dilemma of cultural ownership", a concept that challenges the idea that "cultures are [not] discrete entities owned by specific groups" and therefore do not have the ability to be stolen or appropriated, and instead offers the rationale that the "impact of power disparities" is too large to ignore in cases of cultural appropriation. In 2024, Angela Gracia B Cruz, Yuri Seo, and Daiane Scaraboto released

5546-514: The expressly stated wishes of members of the originating culture – the practice is often received negatively. Cultural appropriation can include the exploitation of another culture's religious and cultural traditions, customs, dance steps, fashion, symbols, language, history and music. Cultural appropriation is considered harmful by various groups and individuals, including some Indigenous people working for cultural preservation, those who advocate for collective intellectual property rights of

5640-601: The form of NPC followers; hired hands, or other dependant stature to the PC. Characters may sometimes help in the design, recruitment, or development of NPCs. In the Champions game (and related games using the Hero System ), a character may have a DNPC, or "dependent non-player character". This is a character controlled by the GM, but for which the player character is responsible in some way, and who may be put in harm's way by

5734-431: The former being more concerned with conveying personal expression and community experiences while the latter is more focused on adherence to a typical musical structure. This "Eurological" perception of music, Lewis argues, often leads to the simplifying of black improvisational music, labeling it as "folk" or "pop" music, while the title of "high art" is saved for European forms of classical music. This distinction highlights

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5828-484: The game company. These "non-players" are often distinguished from player characters by avatar appearance or other visual designation, and often serve as in-game support for new players. In other cases, these "live" NPCs are virtual actors, playing regular characters that drive a continuing storyline (as in Myst Online: Uru Live ). In earlier RPGs, NPCs only had monologue. This is typically represented by

5922-475: The game, and can fill any role not occupied by a player character. Non-player characters might be allies, bystanders or competitors to the PCs. NPCs can also be traders that trade currency for things such as equipment or gear. NPCs thus vary in their level of detail. Some may be only a brief description ("You see a man in a corner of the tavern"), while others may have complete game statistics and backstories . There

6016-502: The importance of artists being accountable within the Indigenous communities as the antidote to appropriation. Many Native Americans have criticized what they deem to be the cultural appropriation of their sweat lodge and vision quest ceremonies by non-Natives, and even by tribes who have not traditionally had these ceremonies. They contend that there are serious safety risks whenever these events are conducted by those who lack

6110-534: The issues of colonialism, context, and the difference between appropriation and mutual exchange as central to analysing cultural appropriation. They argue that mutual exchange happens on an "even playing field", whereas appropriation involves pieces of an oppressed culture being taken out of context by a people who have historically oppressed those they are taking from and who lack the cultural context to properly understand, respect, or utilise these elements. The Oxford English Dictionary ' s earliest citation for

6204-625: The locals considered the Chinese origins of Karate to be an honorable thing to mention, and not a form of cultural theft. During the 2023 Southeast Asian (SEA) Games in Cambodia, a controversy emerged when Cambodian martial arts competitions adopted Muay Thai rules, leading to allegations of cultural appropriation. Critics argued that this disrespected Thai cultural heritage and overshadowed Cambodian martial arts like Bokator. The International Federation of Muaythai Associations (IFMA) intervened, threatening fines and bans for countries participating in

6298-681: The many years of training and cultural immersion required to lead them safely, mentioning the deaths or injuries in 1996, 2002, 2004, and several high-profile deaths in 2009 . The modern New Age movement frequently adopts spiritual ideas and practices from non-Western cultures; according to York, these may include "Hawaiian Kahuna magic, Australian Aboriginal dream-working , South American Amerindian ayahuasca and San Pedro ceremonies, Hindu Ayurveda and yoga, Chinese Feng Shui, Qi Gong , and Tai Chi ." The movement has faced criticism for cultural imperialism exploiting intellectual and cultural property of Indigenous peoples. From 2020 to

6392-465: The mascots Osceola and Renegade . After the NCAA attempted to ban the use of Native American names and iconography in college sports in 2005, the Seminole Tribe of Florida passed a resolution offering explicit support for FSU's depiction of aspects of Florida Seminole culture and Osceola as a mascot. The university was granted a waiver, citing the close relationship with, and ongoing consultation between,

6486-432: The means of displaying NPC speech are the same as above, but the player character or avatar responds to or initiates speech with NPCs. In addition to the purposes listed above, this enables development of the player character. More advanced RPGs feature interactive dialogue, or branching dialogue ( dialogue trees ). An example are the games produced by Black Isle Studios and White Wolf, Inc. ; every one of their games

6580-623: The more pseudo- Western Alliance. Philip Michael Alexander complained in Identity and Collaboration in World of Warcraft that the Tauren seemed like a good idea for a fictional race until he saw how they "lampooned" Plains Indian culture, calling it "shockingly similar" to real life. Noting that they were even displaced from their homeland, he described their characterization as "almost too lazy" and said that it made him change his character's race away from Tauren. The Tauren Gamon gained notoriety as

6674-457: The most-killed NPC in World of Warcraft , causing him to become an Internet meme and be included as an official trading card with the quote "not again!" In Cataclysm , he was turned into a Level 85 raid boss, later becoming Level 90 in Mists of Pandaria . He was later subdued and tied to a tree by the orc warchief Garrosh Hellscream. Cultural appropriation Cultural appropriation

6768-631: The music video for the Coldplay song " Hymn for the Weekend ". The culturally significant Hindu festival, Holi , has been imitated and incorporated into fashion globally. For example, pop artist Pharrell Williams and Adidas collaborated in 2018 to create the Holi-inspired apparel and shoe line, "Hu Holi." The collection was stated to be a "trivialization of traditions-concepts-symbols-beliefs of Hinduism," according to Raja Zed, president of

6862-480: The nature of the controversy and also featured interviews from Japanese citizens concerning the matter, with some feeling confusion and disappointment, while others seemed to dislike the notion of cultural appropriation at all. While the history of colonisation and marginalisation is not unique to the Americas, the practice of non-Native sports teams deriving team names, imagery, and mascots from Indigenous peoples

6956-518: The originating cultures, and some of those who have lived or are living under colonial rule. According to American anthropologist Jason Jackson, cultural appropriation differs from other modes of cultural change such as acculturation , assimilation , or diffusion . Opponents of cultural appropriation see it as an exploitative means in which cultural elements are lost or distorted when they are removed from their originating cultural contexts. Such displays are disrespectful and can even be considered

7050-492: The phrase was a 1945 essay by Arthur E. Christy, which discussed Orientalism . The term became widespread in the 1980s in discussions of post-colonial critiques of Western expansionism, though the concept of " cultural colonialism " had been explored earlier, such as in "Some General Observations on the Problems of Cultural Colonialism" by Kenneth Coutts‐Smith in 1976. Cultural and racial theorist George Lipsitz has used

7144-646: The player characters. In certain multi-player games ( Neverwinter Nights and Vampire: The Masquerade series, for example) a player that acts as the GM can "possess" both player and non-player characters, controlling their actions in order to further the storyline. More complex games, such as the aforementioned Neverwinter Nights , allow the player to customize the NPCs' behavior by modifying their default scripts or creating entirely new ones. In some online games, such as massively multiplayer online role-playing games , NPCs may be entirely unscripted, and are essentially regular character avatars controlled by employees of

7238-401: The player's possible responses word-for-word as the player character would say them. Games revolving around relationship-building, including visual novels, dating sims such as Tokimeki Memorial , and some role-playing games such as Persona , often give choices that have a different number of associated "mood points" that influence a player character's relationship and future conversations with

7332-467: The present, there has been a persistent issue regarding the white adoption and convolution of Hindu (a religion originating from South Asia) religious practices, coining them with the umbrella term of "spirituality". These were practices, including the usage of the Evil Eye , Hamsa , etc., that people growing up as Hindus report being bullied for in their past, and even the present. For some members of

7426-418: The product of true artificial intelligence . In traditional tabletop role-playing games such as Dungeons & Dragons , an NPC is a character portrayed by the gamemaster (GM). While the player characters (PCs) form the narrative's protagonists, non-player characters can be thought of as the "supporting cast" or "extras" of a roleplaying narrative. Non-player characters populate the fictional world of

7520-517: The public school system, by college and university level and by professional sports teams". The history of jazz and improvisational music has been one of many misconstrued details. Many scholars argue that jazz music is rooted in African American culture, specifically the practice of " scatting" , or improvisational singing. Scholar George E. Lewis highlights the major differences between "Afrological" and "Eurological" perceptions of music,

7614-470: The results of a study that went about determining strategies consumers used to "self-authorize" how they consumed media that could be considered to be culturally appropriated. They performed a six-yearlong study on international K-Pop fans concerning how they felt when it came to determining what was cultural appreciation vs appropriation. One comment they chose to highlight from redditor named Sam said "Based on my experience, I've observed both. It depends on

7708-630: The rough tweed cloth clothing of the English, Irish and Scottish peasantry, including the flat cap and Irish hat were adopted by the upper classes as the British country clothing worn for sports such as hunting or fishing, in imitation of the Prince of Wales . The country clothing, in turn, was appropriated by the wealthy American Ivy League and later preppy subcultures during the 1950s and 1980s due to both its practicality and its association with

7802-482: The runway; a Navajo Nation spokesman called it a "mockery". Cherokee academic Adrienne Keene wrote in The New York Times : For the [Native American] communities that wear these headdresses, they represent respect, power, and responsibility. The headdress has to be earned, and gifted to a leader in whom the community has placed their trust. When it becomes a cheap commodity anyone can buy and wear to

7896-414: The specific socio-historical circumstances and significance of these cultural forms so as not to perpetuate the already existing majority vs. minority unequal power relations. Historically, some of the most hotly debated cases of cultural appropriation have occurred in places where cultural exchange is the highest, such as along the trade routes in southwestern Asia and southeastern Europe. Some scholars of

7990-479: The stolen blackness seen in the success of Stephen Foster , Al Jolson , Benny Goodman , Elvis Presley , the Rolling Stones  –  up to Vanilla Ice ... and Eminem ". A review of the documentary refers to the wiggers as "white poseurs ", and states that the term wigger "is used both proudly and derisively to describe white enthusiasts of black hip-hop culture". The term "blackfishing"

8084-402: The streamer. In return, the streamer will briefly mimic character or act. This phenomenon has become a trend starting from July 2023, as influencers make profits from this new internet character. Pinkydoll , a TikTok influencer gained 400,000 followers the same month that she started NPC Streaming, while her livestreams began to earn her as much as $ 7,000 in a day. NPC streaming gives creators

8178-597: The subject culture is a minority culture or is subordinated in social, political, economic, or military status to the dominant culture or when there are other issues involved, such as a history of ethnic or racial conflict. Linda Martín Alcoff writes that this is often seen in cultural outsiders' use of an oppressed culture's symbols or other cultural elements, such as music, dance, spiritual ceremonies, modes of dress, speech, and social behaviour, when these elements are trivialised and used for fashion, rather than respected within their original cultural context. Opponents view

8272-464: The superiority of the dominant culture. It is argued that such practices maintain the power relationship between the dominant culture and the Indigenous culture and can be seen as a form of cultural imperialism . Such practices may be seen as particularly harmful in schools and universities that have a stated purpose of promoting ethnic diversity and inclusion. In recognition of the responsibility of higher education to eliminate behaviours that create

8366-673: The team and the Florida tribe. In 2013, the tribe's chairman objected to outsiders meddling in tribal approval, stating that the FSU mascot and use of Florida State Seminole iconography "represents the courage of the people who were here and are still here, known as the Unconquered Seminoles". Conversely, in 2013, the Seminole Nation of Oklahoma expressed disapproval of "the use of all American Indian sports-team mascots in

8460-452: The term "strategic anti-essentialism" to refer to the calculated use of a cultural form outside of one's own to define oneself or one's group. Strategic anti-essentialism can be seen in both minority and majority cultures and is not confined only to the use of the other. However, Lipsitz argues that when the majority culture attempts to strategically anti-essentialize itself by appropriating a minority culture, it must take great care to recognize

8554-472: The use of Indigenous Australian motifs in contemporary art. In 2017, Canadian visual artist Sue Coleman garnered negative attention for appropriating and amalgamating styles of Indigenous art into her work. Coleman, who has been accused of "copying and selling Indigenous-style artwork," has described herself as a "translator" of Indigenous art forms, which drew further criticism. In his open letter to Coleman, Kwakwak'awakw / Salish Artist Carey Newman stressed

8648-414: Was copied from the work attire of 19th-century Mexican Vaqueros , especially the pointed cowboy boots and the guayabera , which was adapted into the embroidered Western shirt . The China poblana dress associated with Mexican women was appropriated from the choli and lehenga worn by Indian maidservants like Catarina de San Juan , who arrived from Asia from the 17th century onwards. In Britain,

8742-541: Was criticized as insulting. Colin Campbell of Polygon described it as "appropriated" and a poor, exaggerated depiction. Digital Culture states that the depiction of Horde culture, including the Tauren, was "not nuanced", describing them as shallow cultural stereotypes and akin to colonial representations of primitive peoples. The book stated that the Tauren walked the line between "quiet and peaceful" and "implacable" foes who "smash their enemies under hoof", as opposed to

8836-469: Was popularised in 2018 by writer Wanna Thompson, describing female white social media influencers who adopt a look perceived to be associated with black people, including braided hair, dark skin from tanning or make-up, full lips, and large thighs. Critics argue they take attention and opportunities from black influencers by appropriating their aesthetics and have likened the trend to blackface . Florida State University's Alisha Gaines, author of Black for

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