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19-865: The Taymyr Peninsula lies between the Yenisei Gulf of the Kara Sea and the Khatanga Gulf of the Laptev Sea . Lake Taymyr and the Byrranga Mountains are located within the vast Taymyr Peninsula. Cape Chelyuskin , the northernmost point of the Eurasian continent , is located at the northern end of the Taymyr Peninsula. There are several theories about the origin of the name "Taimyr." The most widely accepted explanation

38-465: A roughly north-south direction, between a latitude of 70° 30′ N in the area around Munguy settlement, north of Dudinka . The whole region of the lower Yenisey is bleak and sparsely inhabited, and the settlements are built on permafrost ground. There is no vegetation except for mosses , lichens and some grass. Coastal waters are habitats for beluga whales . The maximum depth of the Yenisey Gulf

57-512: A short railroad to the port city of Dudinka on the Yenisei River, and from there by boat to Murmansk and other ports. The peninsula is the site of the last known naturally occurring muskox outside of North America , which died out about 2,000 years ago. They were successfully reintroduced in 1975. The population grew to 2,500 in 2002 increasing to 6,500 in 2010. Study in 2021 found that based on eDNA , woolly mammoths survived on

76-460: A significant annual variation in temperature (warm to hot summers and cold winters). They tend to occur in central and eastern parts of the three northern-tier continents ( North America , Europe , and Asia ), typically in the middle latitudes (40 to 55 or 60 degrees north), often within large landmasses, where prevailing winds blow overland bringing some precipitation, and temperatures are not moderated by oceans. Continental climates occur mostly in

95-559: Is 63 m (208 ft). The mouth of the gulf is roughly located at 72° 30′ N, in the area of Sibiryakov Island , in the Kara Sea. The weather pattern in this desolate area is severe, with long and bitter winters and frequent blizzards and gales. The Yenisey estuary is frozen for about nine months in a year and even in summer it is never quite free of ice floes. During the winter the shipping lanes are kept open by icebreakers. Continental climate Continental climates often have

114-596: Is short, especially on the shores of the Laptev Sea in the northeast. The climate in the north and exterior of the peninsula is Tundra Climate ( ET ), while some areas further-south have a very cold but somewhat more continental subarctic climate , with winters even slightly colder than the tundra directly to the north, but with somewhat warmer summers that can support some tree growth. Winters are harsh, with frequent blizzards and extremely low temperatures. The following data for Cape Chelyuskin provides an indication of

133-697: Is somewhat more stable than winter weather. Continental climates are considered as temperate climate varieties due to their location in the temperate zones, but are classified separately from other temperate climates in the Köppen climate classification system where they are identified by their first letter, a capital D . In the Trewartha climate classification , they are identified as Dc . Continental climate has at least one month averaging below 0 °C (32 °F) and at least one month averaging above 10 °C (50 °F). Annual precipitation in this zone

152-735: Is that it comes from the Evenki language , originating from the ancient Tungus word "tamura," which means "valuable, precious, rich." The Evenki people originally used this name for the Taimyr River , known for its abundance of fish. In the 19th century, thanks to the geographer and explorer Alexander von Middendorff (1815–1894), the name came to refer to the entire peninsula . Other interpretations exist as well. For example, in Yakut , "tuoy muora" translates to "salt lake," which can also be understood metaphorically as "fertile" or "blessed," since salt

171-669: Is usually between 600 millimetres (24 in) and 1,200 millimetres (47 in), The timing of intermediate spring-like or autumn-like temperatures in this zone vary depending on latitude and/or elevation. For example, spring may arrive as soon as March (in Northern hemisphere , September in Southern hemisphere ) in the southern (in Northern hemisphere, northern in Southern hemisphere), parts of this zone or as late as May (November) in

190-517: Is vital for the health of reindeer . Another Yakut version, "Tymyr," means "blood vessel." In the Nenets language , "tai myarey" means "bald" or "bare," possibly in reference to the region’s low-growing tundra . In the Nganasan language , "taa mire" translates to "reindeer paths." The Nenets people , also known as Samoyeds , are an indigenous people in northern arctic Russia , and some live at

209-616: The Northern Hemisphere due to the large landmasses found there. Most of northeastern China , eastern and southeastern Europe , much of Russia south of the Arctic Circle , central and southeastern Canada , and the central and northeastern United States have this type of climate. Continentality is a measure of the degree to which a region experiences this type of climate. In continental climates, precipitation tends to be moderate in amount, concentrated mostly in

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228-479: The Taymyr Peninsula until 3,900 to 4,100 years ago, roughly concurrent with the Wrangel population. The Taymyr Peninsula, with its drier habitat, may have served as a refugium for the mammoth steppe , supporting mammoths and other widespread Ice Age mammals such as wild horses ( Equus sp.). The coasts of the Taymyr Peninsula are frozen most of the year, between September and June on average. The summer season

247-725: The Taymyr Peninsula. The Nganasan people are an indigenous Samoyedic people inhabiting central Siberia, including the Taymyr Peninsula. In the Russian Federation , they are recognized as being one of the Small-Numbered peoples of the Russian North . They reside primarily in the settlements of Ust-Avam, Volachanka, and Novaya in the Taymyrsky Dolgano-Nenetsky District of Krasnoyarsk Krai , with smaller populations residing in

266-470: The largest nature reserve of Russia. The Willem Barents Biological Station is a Polar station located northeast of Meduza Bay, at the northern end of the mouth of the Yenisey ( 73°21′N 80°32′E  /  73.350°N 80.533°E  / 73.350; 80.533 ). The Yenisey Gulf is formed by the river widening to an average of 50 km (31 mi) for up to 250 km (160 mi) in

285-472: The north (south). Summers are warm or hot while winters are below freezing and sustain lots of frost. Continental climates exist where cold air masses infiltrate during the winter from shorter days and warm air masses form in summer under conditions of high sun and longer days. Places with continental climates are as a rule either far from any moderating effect of oceans or are so situated that prevailing winds tend to head offshore. Such regions get quite warm in

304-569: The summer, achieving temperatures characteristic of tropical climates but are colder than any other climates of similar latitude in the winter. In the Köppen climate system, these climates grade off toward temperate climates equator-ward where winters are less severe and semi-arid climates or arid climates where precipitation becomes inadequate for tall-grass prairies and shrublands. In Europe these climates may grade off into oceanic climates ( Cfb ) or subpolar oceanic climates ( Cfc ) in which

323-467: The towns of Dudinka and Norilsk as well. The isolated location of the Nganasan people enabled them to maintain shamanistic practices even in the 20th century. MMC Norilsk Nickel conducts mining operations in the area. The company conducts smelting operations in the area of the city of Norilsk , near the peninsula. The nickel ore concentrate and other products of the company are transported over

342-580: The warmer months. Only a few areas—in the mountains of the Pacific Northwest of North America and in Iran , northern Iraq , adjacent Turkey , Afghanistan , Pakistan , and Central Asia —show a winter maximum in precipitation. A portion of the annual precipitation falls as snowfall, and snow often remains on the ground for more than a month. Summers in continental climates can feature thunderstorms and frequent hot temperatures; however, summer weather

361-577: The weather experienced in the northern part of the peninsula. Yenisei Gulf The Yenisey Gulf ( Russian : Енисейский залив , Yeniseysky zaliv ) is a large and long estuary through which the lower Yenisey flows into the Kara Sea . The Yenisey Gulf and its islands belong to the Krasnoyarsk Krai administrative division of the Russian Federation and is part of the Great Arctic State Nature Reserve ,

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