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30-667: Talamanca may refer to: Cordillera de Talamanca , a mountain range in Costa Rica and Panama Kingdom of Talamanca , a former political entity in present day Costa Rica Talamanca (canton) , a canton in Limón, Costa Rica Talamanca languages , branch of Chibchan languages spoken in Costa Rica and Panama Talamanca (Bages) , a municipality in Catalonia, Spain Talamanca de Jarama ,

60-605: A distinctive cream-colored marking on its face, throat, and tips of its ears, with a dark spot on each cheek, behind and below the eye. The rest of its bristly hair is dark brown or grayish brown. The animal is very muscly, and about the size of a small donkey. A long thin mane is present but not always conspicuous. It has two small oval shaped eyes flush with the side of the head. Its ears are large, oval-shaped and not very mobile. Baird's tapirs average 2 m (6 ft 7 in) in length, but can range between 1.8 and 2.5 m (5 ft 11 in and 8 ft 2 in), not counting

90-599: A municipality in Madrid, Spain "Talamanca", a song by Burns (musician) Alessandro Figà Talamanca (1938–2023), an Italian mathematician Tommy Talamanca (born 1973), an Italian musician USS Talamanca , a cargo ship owned by the United Fruit Company , and used by the United States Navy during World War II See also [ edit ] Talamancan montane forests , ecoregion of

120-413: A plant does not hinder them from consuming that plant. They burn through the majority of their waking hours foraging in a zigzag fashion. These animals lean toward plant types of medium to tall level, yet the main plants that are totally kept away from are small, widely dispersed seedlings and large shade-level trees. By and large, it will move onto another plant before each of the leaves are consumed on

150-683: A sort of shrub and dwarf bamboo Chusquea dominated scrub, above 3,400 metres (11,200 ft) this becomes Costa Rican páramo , a tropical alpine grassland. The sub-páramo and páramo vegetation are subject to regular frosts at night, temperatures above 3,200 metres (10,500 ft) can reach 0 °C (32 °F) or below, the lowest recorded temperature was −9 °C (16 °F) at the Mount Chirripó base camp (the second lowest ever recorded in Central America). The region has been extensively studied by paleolimnologists to reconstruct

180-626: A stubby, vestigial tail of 5–13 cm (2.0–5.1 in), and 73–120 cm (29–47 in) in height. Body mass in adults can range from 150 to 300 kg (330 to 660 lb). Like the other species of tapirs, they have small, stubby tails. Their snout and upper lips project forward to create a fleshy and flexible proboscis . This proboscis is their strongest sense organ that aids in finding food and detecting physical stimuli. Their legs are short and slender; well adapted to rapid movement through underbrush. They have four toes on each front foot, and three toes on each back foot. The gestation period

210-408: A watering hole for hours with only their heads above water. When in danger, these animals will seek water. It generally leads a solitary life, though small feeding groups are not uncommon, and individuals, especially those of different ages (young with their mothers, juveniles with adults), are often observed together. The animals communicate with one another through shrill whistles and squeaks. When

240-572: Is a study showing a small population of Baird's tapirs in North American and Central American zoos had inbreeding and divergence from the wild population. Conservationists are urging for thoughtful approaches to breeding programs that focus on maintaining genetic diversity . Due to its size, an adult Baird's tapir has very few natural predators, with only large adult American crocodiles (4 metres or 13 feet or more) and adult jaguars capable of preying on Baird's tapirs. Even in these cases,

270-567: Is about 400 days, after which one offspring is born to an average mass of 9.4 kg (21 lb). Multiple births are extremely rare, but in September 2020, a Baird's tapir in Boston's Franklin Park Zoo birthed twins. The babies, as with all species of tapir, have reddish-brown hair with white spots and stripes. This pattern creates a camouflage which affords them excellent protection in

300-436: Is different from Wikidata All article disambiguation pages All disambiguation pages Cordillera de Talamanca This range in the south of Costa Rica stretches from southwest of San José to beyond the border with Panama and contains the highest peaks of both Costa Rica and Panama, among them Cerro Chirripó at 3,820 metres (12,530 ft), and the more accessible high peak of Cerro de la Muerte . Much of

330-595: Is found in many diverse vegetation types. They can withstand elevations from sea level to up to 3,600 metres (11,800 ft). The animal can be found in wet areas like mangrove forests , marshes , swamp areas, and wet tropical rainforests . It also resides in drier areas like riparian woodlands , deciduous forests , and mountainous cloud forests . It prefers secondary growth forests , when available, due to increase in understory plants for foraging and protection. Food and water availability as well as protection are key factors in habitat selection. The Baird's tapir has

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360-409: Is usually reached 6 to 12 months later. Baird's tapirs can live for over 30 years. The Baird's tapir may be active at all hours, but is primarily nocturnal . It forages for leaves and fallen fruit, using well-worn tapir paths which zigzag through the thick undergrowth of the forest. The animal usually stays close to water and enjoys swimming and wading – on especially hot days, individuals will rest in

390-594: The Central American tapir , is a species of tapir native to Mexico , Central America , and northwestern South America . It is the largest of the three species of tapir native to the Americas , as well as the largest native land mammal in both Central and South America . The Baird's tapir is named after the American naturalist Spencer Fullerton Baird , who traveled to Mexico in 1843 and observed

420-557: The yellow-headed caracara ( Milvago chimachima ) and the black vulture ( Coragyps atratus ) have both been observed removing and eating ticks from tapirs. Baird's tapirs often lie down for cleaning, and also present tick-infested areas to the cleaner birds by lifting its limbs and rolling from one side to the other. These animals also have a marginal but noted effect as seed dispersers . Guanacaste ( Enterolobium cyclocarpum ) , Sapodilla ( Manilkara zapota ), and Encina ( Quercus oleoides ) have all found to be sometimes passable through

450-853: The Baird's tapir is the national animal , it is known as the mountain cow . In Mexico, it is called tzemen in Tzeltal ; in Lacandon , it is called cash-i-tzimin , meaning "jungle horse" and in Tojolab'al it is called niguanchan , meaning "big animal". In Panama, the Kunas people call the Baird's tapir moli in their colloquial language (Tule kaya), oloalikinyalilele , oloswikinyaliler, or oloalikinyappi in their political language (Sakla kaya), and ekwirmakka or ekwilamakkatola in their spiritual language (Suar mimmi kaya). The Baird's tapir

480-458: The Baird's tapir mate, they form long-term monogamous pairs. These pairs are known to defend territory. Though they can breed at any point in the year, it is most common prior to rainy seasons. Both parents take part in raising the children, as they move and sleep together as a unit. The mother will guide young by a nudging movement with her proboscis. The Baird's tapir has a symbiotic relationship with cleaner birds that remove ticks from its fur:

510-529: The Caribbean areas of the range are still unexplored. The range is covered by the Talamancan montane forests to elevations of approximately 3,000 metres (9,800 ft). Much of it is covered by rainforests. Above elevations of 1,800 metres (5,900 ft) these are dominated by huge oak trees ( Quercus costaricensis ). Above 3,000 metres (9,800 ft), the forests transition to enclaves of sub-páramo,

540-522: The Cordillera Topics referred to by the same term [REDACTED] This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the title Talamanca . If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change the link to point directly to the intended article. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Talamanca&oldid=1225213885 " Category : Disambiguation pages Hidden categories: Short description

570-558: The Talamanca mountain range, including Chirripó National Park . The Cordillera de Talamanca and La Amistad national parks have been designated by UNESCO a World Heritage Site It is also the first binational biosphere reserve . The two parks comprise 2,400 square kilometres (930 sq mi) of land and protect important ecosystems like paramo, and wetlands. The highland paramo is located mainly in subalpine forests and thickets, located at an altitude between 3,100-3,300 m.a.s.l. and

600-417: The alpine scrub and grasslands, located between 3,300-3,819 m.a.s.l. Peat bogs are wetlands located in topographic depressions, on poorly drained land and are periodically flooded. In Costa Rica they are located in the low montane and high montane altitude zones. The flora is similar to the high elevation moors, including also oak trees ( Quercus spp.), and Blechnum plants in association with bryophytes from

630-546: The animals. However, the species was first documented by another American naturalist, W. T. White. Like the other American tapirs (the mountain tapir and the South American tapir ), the Baird's tapir is commonly called danta by people in all areas. In the regions around Oaxaca and Veracruz , it is referred to as the anteburro . Panamanians , and Colombians call it macho de monte , and in Belize , where

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660-547: The changes in climate, vegetation and fire frequencies (see also Sally P Horn ). The range is of global importance as it is a centre of endemism for many plant and animal groups and as an important habitat for many large mammals ( Baird's Tapir , Puma , Jaguar ) and birds that are now threatened in much of their range. An intended hydroelectricity project threatens the existence of the Tabasara Rain Frogs . Several national parks and reservations are located in

690-513: The developing effects of climate change all threaten this species. Though the animal is only hunted by a few humans, any loss of life is a serious blow to the tapir population, especially because their reproductive rate is so slow. In Mexico, Belize, Guatemala, Costa Rica, and Panama, hunting of the Baird's tapirs is illegal, but the laws protecting them are often unenforced. The issues of illegal logging in conserved areas also threaten these animals. Therefore, many conservationists are urging for

720-615: The genus Sphagnum . Other common genus are Rubus , Pteridium and Comarostaphyllis . The El Empalme peat bog suffers greater pressure from agricultural activity and as altitude increases, there is an increase in floristic diversity. [REDACTED]   This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain :  Chisholm, Hugh , ed. (1911). " Costa Rica ". Encyclopædia Britannica . Vol. 7 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 220. Baird%27s Tapir Tapirella bairdii The Baird's tapir ( Tapirus bairdii ), also known as

750-464: The huge volume and extreme diversity of recognizable plant parts in their excrement is by all accounts poor. Attacks on humans are rare and normally in self-defense. In 2006, Carlos Manuel Rodríguez Echandi , the former Costa Rican Minister of Environment and Energy, was attacked and injured by a Baird's tapir after he followed it off the trail. Due to their size, adults can be potentially dangerous to humans, and should not be approached if spotted in

780-436: The one it is presently eating. They commonly feed in enormous tree falls or secondary forests because of the great thickness of understory plants which are for, the most part, exceptionally digestible and have not many protective poisons. Once in a while they will ascend on their rear feet to arrive at leaves past their ordinary reach, or knock down slim or dead plants to get fruit or leaves. The absorption of nutrients in light of

810-540: The protection of existing habitat by improving maintenance and protection in existing habitat, through strengthening partnership with indigenous territories. Goals also include re-establishing corridors of connection between existing habitat including the Mesoamerican Biological Corridor , and improving education of locals to uphold and protect biodiversity. Captive breeding programs are helpful with many large terrestrial species, but there

840-430: The shady understory of the forest . This pattern eventually fades into the adult coloration. For the first week of their lives, infant Baird's tapirs are hidden in secluded locations while their mothers forage for food and return periodically to nurse them. Later, the young follow their mothers on feeding expeditions. At three weeks of age, the young are able to swim. Weaning occurs after one year, and sexual maturity

870-639: The tapir digestive system. The intense chewing of these hard seeds serve to scarify them before germination and can improve the seed's likelihood of success. The Baird's tapir is herbivorous , rummaging from the forest floor to 1.5 metres (4 ft 11 in) over the ground. Leaves from an assortment of plant types provide the greater part of their eating regimen, yet they likewise eat twigs, blossoms, hedges, grasses, and fruits. Fruits tend to be favorable when in season, but it depends on its availability. Dietary makeup of plant species additionally fluctuates with season. The presence of armor or biting insects on

900-546: The wild. The animal is most likely to follow or chase a human for a bit, though they have been known to charge and bite humans on rare occasions. According to the IUCN , the Baird's tapir is endangered . There are many contributing factors in the decline of the species, including loss of habitat from deforestation , forest fires , and large scale industrial projects. In certain areas, poaching , disease transmission from domesticated animals, pollution of native water bodies, and

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