Misplaced Pages

#153846

62-760: Tanith may refer to: Mythology [ edit ] Tanith, alternative spelling of Tanit , an ancient Carthaginian lunar goddess of the Punic pantheon People [ edit ] Tanith (DJ) (born 1962), stage name of Thomas Andrezak, German DJ and producer of electronic dance music Tanith Belbin (born 1984), Canadian/American figure skater Tanith Carey (born 1967), British author and journalist Tanith Lee (1947–2015), British author Tanith Maxwell (born 1976), South African runner Tanit Phoenix (born 1984), South African fashion model and actress Fictional characters [ edit ] Tanith (Stargate) ,

124-557: A dialect continuum . There is a debate as to how to best sub-categorize languages within the Berber branch. Berber languages typically follow verb–subject–object word order . Their phonological inventories are diverse. Millions of people in Morocco and Algeria natively speak a Berber language, as do smaller populations of Libya , Tunisia , northern Mali , western and northern Niger , northern Burkina Faso and Mauritania and

186-431: A Libyan mercenary rebel at war with Carthage, breaks into the goddess's temple and steals her veil. In Kate Elliott 's Spiritwalker trilogy, a romanticised version of Tanit is one of many deities commonly worshiped in a polytheistic Europa. The narrator, Catherine, frequently appeals to "Blessed Tanit, Protector of Women", and the goddess occasionally appears to her. G. K. Chesterton refers to Tanit in his account of

248-532: A consort of Baal Hammon, a heavenly goddess of war , a "virginal" (unmarried) mother goddess and nurse, and, less specifically, a symbol of fertility , as are most female forms. Tanit worship became popular in Carthage, especially after the separation between Carthage and Tyre in the 6th century BCE , when the traditional Phoenician cults of Astarte and Melqart were displaced by the Punic worship of local North African deities Tanit and Baal Hammon. Several of

310-517: A large one in Carthage , dubbed the Tophet of Salammbó, after the neighbourhood where it was unearthed in 1921. Soil in the Tophet of Salammbó was found to be full of olive wood charcoal, probably from the sacrificial pyres. It was the location of the temple of the goddess Tanit and the necropolis . Animal remains, mostly sheep and goats, found inside some of the Tophet urns, strongly suggest that this

372-631: A male Goa'uld from Stargate SG-1 Tanith Carlisle, a leading character in The Devil Rides Out by Dennis Wheatley Tanith, a secondary character in The World of Lone Wolf gamebook series Tanith Low, a character in the Skulduggery Pleasant series of novels by Derek Landy Tanith, the deputy commander of Begnion 's Holy Guard from Fire Emblem: Path of Radiance and Fire Emblem: Radiant Dawn Tanith, head of

434-612: A number of key loanwords related to pastoralism that are of Berber origin, including the terms for sheep and water/ Nile . This in turn suggests that the C-Group population—which, along with the Kerma culture , inhabited the Nile valley immediately before the arrival of the first Nubian speakers—spoke Afroasiatic languages. Berber languages are primarily oral languages without a major written component. Historically, they were written with

496-774: A planet in David Brin's Uplift Universe Other uses [ edit ] 5869 Tanith , an Amor asteroid discovered in 1988 by Carolyn S. Shoemaker Topics referred to by the same term [REDACTED] This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the title Tanith . If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change the link to point directly to the intended article. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Tanith&oldid=1191155346 " Categories : Disambiguation pages Disambiguation pages with given-name-holder lists English-language feminine given names Feminine given names Hidden categories: Short description

558-541: A policy of Arabisation, which, after the imposition of the Circular of July 1976, encompassed the spheres of education, public administration, public signage, print publication, and the judiciary. While primarily directed towards the erasure of French in Algerian society, these policies also targeted Berber languages, leading to dissatisfaction and unrest amongst speakers of Berber languages, who made up about one quarter of

620-665: A prospective new constitution, it does not have official status in Libya as in Morocco and Algeria. As areas of Libya south and west of Tripoli such as the Nafusa Mountains were taken from the control of Gaddafi government forces in early summer 2011, Berber workshops and exhibitions sprang up to share and spread the Berber culture and language. In Mali and Niger, some Tuareg languages have been recognized as national languages and have been part of school curriculums since

682-563: A woman riding a bull that would represent another deity, possibly El . The origins of Tanit are to be found in the pantheon of Ugarit , especially in the Ugaritic goddess Anat (Hvidberg-Hansen 1982). There is significant, albeit disputed, evidence, both archaeological and within ancient written sources, pointing towards child sacrifice forming part of the worship of Tanit and Baal Hammon. Some archaeologists theorized that infant sacrifices have occurred. Lawrence E. Stager, who directed

SECTION 10

#1732790994154

744-500: Is different from Wikidata All article disambiguation pages All disambiguation pages Tanit The names themselves, Baal Hammon and Tanit, have Berber linguistic structure. Many feminine and masculine names end with "t" and "n" in the Berber languages . The variation of the name "Tanit" appears to may have originated in Carthage (modern-day Tunisia ), though it does not appear in local theophorous names . Before 1955,

806-557: Is disputed; Patricia Smith and colleagues from the Hebrew University and Harvard University show from the teeth and skeletal analysis at the Carthage Tophet that infant ages at death (about two months) do not correlate with the expected ages of natural mortality (perinatal). In Gustave Flaubert 's historical novel Salammbô (1862), the title character is a priestess of Tanit. Mâtho, the chief male protagonist,

868-1437: Is listed as negligible, and the last Sokna speaker is thought to have died in the 1950s. There are an estimated 50,000 Djerbi speakers in Tunisia , based on figures from 2004. Sened is likely extinct, with the last speaker having died in the 1970s. Ghadamés, though not indigenous to Tunisia, is estimated to have 3,100 speakers throughout the country. Chenini is one of the rare remaining Berber-speaking villages in Tunisia. There are an estimated 20,000 Siwi speakers in Egypt , based on figures from 2013. As of 2018 and 2017 respectively, there were an estimated 200 speakers of Zenaga and 117,000 of Tamasheq in Mauritania . As of 2009, there were an estimated 122,000 Tamasheq speakers in Burkina Faso. There are an estimated 1.5 million speakers of various Berber languages in France. A small number of Tawellemmet speakers live in Nigeria. In total, there are an estimated 3.6 million speakers of Berber languages in countries outside of Morocco and Algeria, summarized as follows: After independence, all

930-548: Is now used as a general term for all such sites with cremated human and animal remains. The Hebrew Bible does not specify that the Israelite victims were buried, only burned, although the "place of burning" was probably adjacent to the place of burial. We have no idea how the Phoenicians themselves referred to the places of burning or burial, or to the practice itself. Several apparent tophets have been identified, chiefly

992-419: Is often included as an Eastern Berber language alongside Siwa, Sokna, and El Foqaha. These approaches divide the Berber languages into Northern, Southern (Tuareg), Eastern, and Western varieties. The vast majority of speakers of Berber languages are concentrated in Morocco and Algeria. The exact population of speakers has been historically difficult to ascertain due to lack of official recognition. Morocco

1054-549: Is sometimes used to refer to a specific subset of Berber languages, such as Central Tashlhiyt. "Tamazight" can also be used to refer to Standard Moroccan Tamazight or Standard Algerian Tamazight , as in the Moroccan and Algerian constitutions respectively. In Morocco, besides referring to all Berber languages or to Standard Moroccan Tamazight, "Tamazight" is often used in contrast to Tashelhit and Tarifit to refer to Central Atlas Tamazight . The use of Berber has been

1116-600: Is the country with the greatest number of speakers of Berber languages. As of 2022, Ethnologue estimates there to be 13.8 million speakers of Berber languages in Morocco, based on figures from 2016 and 2017. In 1960, the first census after Moroccan independence was held. It claimed that 32 percent of Moroccans spoke a Berber language, including bi-, tri- and quadrilingual people. The 2004 census found that 3,894,805 Moroccans over five years of age spoke Tashelhit, 2,343,937 spoke Central Atlas Tamazight, and 1,270,986 spoke Tarifit, representing 14.6%, 8.8%, and 4.8% respectively of

1178-529: The Amazigh languages or Tamazight , are a branch of the Afroasiatic language family . They comprise a group of closely related but mostly mutually unintelligible languages spoken by Berber communities, who are indigenous to North Africa . The languages are primarily spoken and not typically written. Historically, they have been written with the ancient Libyco-Berber script, which now exists in

1240-719: The Kabyles use the term "Leqbayel" to refer to their own people, while the Chaouis identified themselves as "Ishawiyen" instead of Berber/Amazigh. Since modern Berber languages are relatively homogeneous, the date of the Proto-Berber language from which the modern group is derived was probably comparatively recent, comparable to the age of the Germanic or Romance subfamilies of the Indo-European family. In contrast,

1302-604: The Latin name of: Juno Caelestis , for her identification with Juno. The temple of Juno Caelestis , dedicated to the City Protector Goddess Juno Caelestis, which was the Roman name for Tanit, was one of the biggest building monuments of Roman Carthage, and became a holy site for pilgrims from all North Africa and Spain. Her symbol (the sign of Tanit ), found on many ancient stone carvings,

SECTION 20

#1732790994154

1364-646: The Libyco-Berber script . Early uses of the script have been found on rock art and in various sepulchres; the oldest known variations of the script dates to inscriptions in Dugga from 600 BC. Usage of this script, in the form of Tifinagh , has continued into the present day among the Tuareg people . Following the spread of Islam , some Berber scholars also utilized the Arabic script . The Berber Latin alphabet

1426-470: The Maghreb countries to varying degrees pursued a policy of Arabisation , aimed partly at displacing French from its colonial position as the dominant language of education and literacy. Under this policy the use of the Berber languages was suppressed or even banned. This state of affairs has been contested by Berbers in Morocco and Algeria—especially Kabylie —and was addressed in both countries by affording

1488-617: The Punic Wars , "War of the Gods and Demons" (a chapter of his book The Everlasting Man ). Describing the cultural shock of foreign armies invading Italy when Hannibal crossed the Alps , Chesterton wrote: It was Moloch upon the mountain of the Latins, looking with his appalling face across the plain; it was Baal who trampled the vineyards with his feet of stone; it was the voice of Tanit

1550-573: The Siwa Oasis of Egypt . There are also probably a few million speakers of Berber languages in Western Europe . Tashlhiyt , Kabyle , Central Atlas Tamazight , Tarifit , and Shawiya are some of the most commonly spoken Berber languages. Exact numbers are impossible to ascertain as there are few modern North African censuses that include questions on language use, and what censuses do exist have known flaws. Following independence in

1612-463: The Venus symbol. Tanit is often depicted naked , as a symbol of sexuality, and riding a lion or having a lion's head herself, showing her warrior quality. She is also depicted winged, possibly under the influence of Egyptian artwork of Isis . Her associated animal and plants are the lion, the dove , the palm tree and the rose . Another motif assimilates her to Europa , portraying Tanit as

1674-561: The 20th century, the Berber languages have been suppressed and suffered from low prestige in North Africa . Recognition of the Berber languages has been growing in the 21st century, with Morocco and Algeria adding Tamazight as an official language to their constitutions in 2011 and 2016 respectively. Most Berber languages have a high percentage of borrowing and influence from the Arabic language , as well as from other languages. For example, Arabic loanwords represent 35% to 46% of

1736-517: The Carthaginian past has far-reaching effects on the society of the present. In modern times the name, often with the spelling Tanith , has been used as a female given name , both for real people and in fiction. [REDACTED] Media related to Tanit at Wikimedia Commons Berber languages Northern Berber Kabyle Atlas Zenati Western Berber Eastern Berber Tuareg The Berber languages , also known as

1798-592: The Carthaginians won the Second Punic War , one of the characters is Princess Zarabel, leader of the cult of Tanit. Isaac Asimov 's 1956 science fiction short story " The Dead Past " tells of Arnold Potterley, a professor of ancient history, who is obsessed with exonerating the Carthaginians of child sacrifice and tries to gain access to the chronoscope , a device which allows direct observation of past events. Eventually, Potterley's obsession with

1860-554: The Greeks have learned to drive four-horse chariots." A shrine excavated at Sarepta in southern Phoenicia revealed an inscription that has been speculated to have connection between the goddesses Tanit and Astarte ( Ishtar ). Iconographic portrayals of both deities later become similar thanks to the influence of Carthage's trade empire across the mediterranean West to East. The relation between both deities has been proposed to be hypostatic in nature, representing similar aspects of

1922-426: The Tophet was "a child necropolis designed to receive the remains of infants who had died prematurely of sickness or other natural causes, and who for this reason were "offered" to specific deities and buried in a place different from the one reserved for the ordinary dead". He adds that this was probably part of "an effort to ensure the benevolent protection of the same deities for the survivors." However, this analysis

Tanith - Misplaced Pages Continue

1984-735: The Volcano Manor in Elden Ring Fictional locations [ edit ] Tanith (CoDominium) , a planet in the CoDominium series of science fiction stories by Jerry Pournelle and others Tanith, a planet in the novel Space Viking by H. Beam Piper Tanith (Gaunt's Ghosts) , the former homeworld of the Tanith First-and-Only, who are the subject of the Gaunt's Ghosts novels by Dan Abnett Tanith,

2046-467: The animals were sacrificed then so too were the children. The area covered by the Tophet in Carthage was probably over an acre and a half by the fourth century BCE, with nine different levels of burials. About 20,000 urns were deposited between 400 BCE and 200 BCE, with the practice continuing until the early years of the Christian era . The urns contained the charred bones of newborns and in some cases

2108-496: The bones of fetuses and two-year-olds. These double remains have been interpreted to mean that in the cases of stillborn babies, the parents would sacrifice their youngest child. A detailed breakdown of the age of the buried children includes pre-natal individuals – that is, still births. It is also argued that the age distribution of remains at this site is consistent with the burial of children who died of natural causes, shortly before or after birth. Sergio Ribichini has argued that

2170-538: The case of Zenaga and Tuareg. Kossmann roughly groups the Berber languages into seven blocks: The Zenatic block is typically divided into the Zenati and Eastern Berber branches, due to the marked difference in features at each end of the continuum. Otherwise, subclassifications by different linguists typically combine various blocks into different branches. Western Moroccan languages, Zenati languages, Kabyle, and Ghadames may be grouped under Northern Berber ; Awjila

2232-467: The defense of the civilization or the homeland where she is worshipped, called ' defender of homes and families' , giving direction and help to those who seek wisdom. Carthagenians spread the cult of Tanit-Astarte to the Iberian Peninsula with the foundation of Gadir (modern day Cádiz ) and other colonies, where the goddess might have been also assimilated to native deities. Her worship

2294-735: The excavations of the Carthage Tophet in the 1970s, believes that infant sacrifice was practiced there. Paolo Xella of the National Research Council in Rome summarized the textual, epigraphical, and archaeological evidence for Carthaginian infant sacrifice. Tophet is a Hebrew term from the Bible , used to refer to a site near Jerusalem at which Canaanites and Israelites who strayed from Judaism by practicing Canaanite idolatry were said to sacrifice children. It

2356-632: The exception of Zenaga, Tetserret, and Tuareg, the Berber languages form a dialect continuum . Different linguists take different approaches towards drawing boundaries between languages in this continuum. Maarten Kossmann notes that it is difficult to apply the classic tree model of historical linguistics towards the Berber languages: [The Berber language family]'s continuous history of convergence and differentiation along new lines makes an definition of branches arbitrary. Moreover, mutual intelligibility and mutual influence render notions such as "split" or "branching" rather difficult to apply except, maybe, in

2418-515: The form of Tifinagh . Today, they may also be written in the Berber Latin alphabet or the Arabic script , with Latin being the most pervasive. The Berber languages have a similar level of variety to the Romance languages , although they are sometimes referred to as a single collective language, often as "Berber", "Tamazight", or "Amazigh". The languages, with a few exceptions, form

2480-524: The goddesses. In Carthage, Astarte another war goddess was worshipped alongside the goddess Tanit, the two deities are clearly not equal and one does not originate from the other. Although Tanit did not appear at Carthage before the 5th century BC, this shows her clear origins locally from North Africa. However it is well known that the Phoenician Astarte is a deity of wars of aggression, in direct contrast to Libyan Tanit which only goes to war in

2542-461: The inclusion of Tamazight as an official language. The 2000 Charter for Education Reform marked a change in policy, with its statement of "openness to Tamazight." Planning for a public Tamazight-language TV network began in 2006; in 2010, the Moroccan government launched Tamazight TV . On July 29, 2011, Tamazight was added as an official language to the Moroccan constitution. After gaining independence from France in 1962, Algeria committed to

Tanith - Misplaced Pages Continue

2604-447: The invisible, behind her trailing veils, whispering of the love that is more horrible than hate. In Margaret Atwood 's The Blind Assassin there is an epigraph on a Carthaginian funerary urn that reads: "I swam, the sea was boundless, I saw no shore. / Tanit was merciless, my prayers were answered. / O you who drown in love, remember me." In John Maddox Roberts 's alternate history novel Hannibal's Children , in which

2666-527: The language official status and introducing it in some schools. After gaining independence from France in 1956, Morocco began a period of Arabisation through 1981, with primary and secondary school education gradually being changed to Arabic instruction, and with the aim of having administration done in Arabic, rather than French. During this time, there were riots amongst the Amazigh population, which called for

2728-527: The major Greek goddesses were identified with Tanit by the syncretic interpretatio graeca , which recognized as Greek deities in foreign guise the gods of most of the surrounding non-Hellene cultures as the Greek historians mention that Athena has ancient Libyan origins in North Africa to Tanit herself as a goddess of strikingly similar aspects to Athena (Wisdom, War, Weaving..etc). Herodotus one of

2790-455: The more established cult of Baal Hammon and, in the Carthaginian area at least, was frequently listed before him on the monuments From the fifth century BCE onwards, Tanit's worship is associated with that of Baal Hammon . She is given the epithet pene baal ('face of Baal') and the title rabat , the female form of rab ('chief'). In North Africa , where the inscriptions and material remains are more plentiful, she was, as well as

2852-453: The most known Greek historians who traveled throughout the region wrote about her the following: "It would seem that the robe and aegis of the images of Athena were copied by the Greeks from the Libyan women; for except that Libyan women dress in leather, and that the tassels of their goatskin cloaks are not snakes but thongs of hide, in everything else their equipment is the same. And in fact,

2914-641: The name was likely pronounced as Tinnīt. Still, many scholars and writings continue to use "Tanit". She was later worshipped in Roman Carthage in her Romanized form as Dea Caelestis , Juno Caelestis , or simply Caelestis . In modern-day Tunisian Arabic , it is customary to invoke Omek Tannou or Oumouk Tangou ('Mother Tannou' or 'Mother Tangou', depending on the region), in years of drought to bring rain. Similarly, Algerian, Tunisian and many other spoken forms of Arabic refer to " Baali farming" to refer to non-irrigated agriculture. Tanit

2976-536: The only attestations of the goddess's name were in Punic , which is written without vowels as "TNT" Tanit or "TNNT" as Tannit and was arbitrarily vocalized as "Tanit". In 1955, Punic inscriptions transliterated in Greek characters found at El-Hofra (near Constantine, Algeria ) transliterated the name as ‹See Tfd› Greek : Θινιθ (Thinith) and ‹See Tfd› Greek : Θεννειθ (Thenneith). The inscriptions indicate that

3038-594: The population. After the 1994-1995 general school boycott in Kabylia, Tamazight was recognized for the first time as a national language. In 2002, following the riots of the Black Spring , Tamazight was recognized for the second time as a national language , though not as an official one. This was done on April 8, 2003. Tamazight has been taught for three hours a week through the first three years of Algerian middle schools since 2005. On January 5, 2016, it

3100-577: The split of the group from the other Afroasiatic sub-phyla is much earlier, and is therefore sometimes associated with the local Mesolithic Capsian culture . A number of extinct populations are believed to have spoken Afroasiatic languages of the Berber branch. According to Peter Behrens and Marianne Bechaus-Gerst, linguistic evidence suggests that the peoples of the C-Group culture in present-day southern Egypt and northern Sudan spoke Berber languages. The Nilo-Saharan Nobiin language today contains

3162-549: The subject of debate due to its historical background as an exonym and present equivalence with the Arabic word for "barbarian." One group, the Linguasphere Observatory , has attempted to introduce the neologism "Tamazic languages" to refer to the Berber languages. Amazigh people typically use "Tamazight" when speaking English. Historically, Berbers did not refer to themselves as Berbers/Amazigh but had their own terms to refer to themselves. For example,

SECTION 50

#1732790994154

3224-452: The surveyed population, or roughly 28.2% of the surveyed population combined. The 2014 census found that 14.1% of the population spoke Tashelhit, 7.9% spoke Central Atlas Tamazight, and 4% spoke Tarifit, or about 26% of the population combined. These estimates, as well as the estimates from various academic sources, are summarized as follows: Algeria is the country with the second greatest number of speakers of Berber languages. In 1906,

3286-421: The symbol of Tannit, is a triangle representing the human body, surmounted by a circle representing the head, and separated by a horizontal line which represents the hands. Later, the trapezium was frequently replaced by an isosceles triangle . The symbol is interpreted by Danish professor of Semitic philology F. O. Hvidberg-Hansen as a woman raising her hands. She is also represented by the crescent moon and

3348-468: The total population speaking Berber languages in Algeria, excluding the thinly populated Sahara region, was estimated at 1,305,730 out of 4,447,149, or 29%. Secondary sources disagree on the percentage of self-declared native Berber speakers in the 1966 census, the last Algerian census containing a question about the mother tongue. Some give 17.9% while other report 19%. Kabyle speakers account for

3410-666: The total vocabulary of the Kabyle language and represent 51.7% of the total vocabulary of Tarifit . Almost all Berber languages took from Arabic the pharyngeal fricatives /ʕ/ and /ħ/, the (nongeminated) uvular stop /q/, and the voiceless pharyngealized consonant /ṣ/. Unlike the Chadic , Cushitic , and Omotic languages of the Afro-Asiatic phylum, Berber languages are not tonal languages. "Tamazight" and "Berber languages" are often used interchangeably. However, "Tamazight"

3472-1211: The vast majority of speakers of Berber languages in Algeria. Shawiya is the second most commonly spoken Berber language in Algeria. Other Berber languages spoken in Algeria include: Shenwa , with 76,300 speakers; Tashelhit, with 6,000 speakers; Ouargli , with 20,000 speakers; Tamahaq , with 71,400 speakers; Tugurt , with 8,100 speakers; Tidikelt , with 1,000 speakers; Gurara , with 11,000 speakers; and Mozabite , with 150,000 speakers. Population estimates are summarized as follows: As of 1998, there were an estimated 450,000 Tawellemmet speakers, 250,000 Air Tamajeq speakers, and 20,000 Tamahaq speakers in Niger . As of 2018 and 2014 respectively, there were an estimated 420,000 speakers of Tawellemmet and 378,000 of Tamasheq in Mali . As of 2022, based on figures from 2020, Ethnologue estimates there to be 285,890 speakers of Berber languages in Libya : 247,000 speakers of Nafusi , 22,800 speakers of Tamahaq, 13,400 speakers of Ghadamés , and 2,690 speakers of Awjila . The number of Siwi speakers in Libya

3534-517: The very name betrays that the attire of the statues of Pallas has come from Libya; for Libyan women wear the hairless tasselled “aegea” over their dress, colored with madder, and the Greeks have changed the name of these aegeae into their “aegides.” Furthermore, in my opinion the ceremonial chant. first originated in Libya: for the women of that country chant very tunefully. And it is from the Libyans that

3596-536: Was announced that Tamazight had been added as a national and official language in a draft amendment to the Algerian constitution; it was added to the constitution as a national and official language on February 7, 2016. Although regional councils in Libya's Nafusa Mountains affiliated with the National Transitional Council reportedly use the Berber language of Nafusi and have called for it to be granted co-official status with Arabic in

3658-538: Was developed following the introduction of the Latin script in the nineteenth century by the West. The nineteenth century also saw the development of Neo-Tifinagh, an adaptation of Tuareg Tifinagh for use with other Berber languages. There are now three writing systems in use for Berber languages: Tifinagh, the Arabic script, and the Berber Latin alphabet , with the Latin alphabet being the most widely used today. With

3720-472: Was not a burial ground for children who died prematurely. The animals were sacrificed to the gods, presumably in place of children (one surviving inscription refers to the animal as "a substitute"). It is conjectured that the children unlucky enough not to have substitutes were also sacrificed and then buried in the Tophet. The remains include the bodies of both very young children and small animals, and those who argue in favor of child sacrifice have argued that if

3782-432: Was still active after the Roman conquest, when she was integrated with the Roman goddess Juno (along with elements from Diana and Minerva ) in a goddess named Dea Caelestis , the same way Baal Hammon was assimilated to Saturn . Dea Caelestis retained Punic traits until the end of classical antiquity in the fourth century CE. Similarly, long after the fall of Carthage , Tanit was still venerated in North Africa under

SECTION 60

#1732790994154

3844-607: Was worshiped in Punic contexts in the Western Mediterranean, in North Africa , Sicily , Malta , Gades and many other places into Hellenistic times when Rome expanded into North Africa. long after the fall of Carthage , Tanit was still venerated in North Africa under the Latin name of: Juno Caelestis , for her identification with Juno by the Romans . Tanit's worship had a massive local cult of origin in north Africa, since in ancient Carthage, Tanit soon eclipsed

#153846