Special municipality , historically known as Yuan -controlled municipality , is a first-level administrative division unit in Taiwan . It is the highest level of the country's administrative structure and is equivalent to a province. After the suspension of the provincial governments of 2018, the special municipalities along with provincial cities and counties have all governed directly under the central government .
53-446: Taoyuan ( / ˌ t aʊ juː ˈ ɛ n / ) is a special municipality located in northwestern Taiwan , neighboring New Taipei City to the north-east, Yilan County to the south-east, and Hsinchu County to the south-west. Taoyuan District is the seat of the municipal government and which, along with Zhongli District , forms a large metropolitan area . Taoyuan developed from a satellite city of Taipei metropolitan area to become
106-544: A bastion of electronics and semiconductor manufacturing. Over 200 of Taiwan's top 500 manufacturing companies have factories in Taoyuan. Taoyuan has also led Taiwan in terms of industrial output for nine straight years. There are now 29 (registered) industrial areas with 3,696 ha (9,130 acres) of non-urban industrial land and 3,131 ha (7,740 acres) of urban industrial land. There are over 6,827 ha (16,870 acres) of land available for factories and industrial use in
159-590: A proposal to become a special municipality in 2012. Executive Yuan approved the proposal and the special municipality of Taoyuan were formally established on December 25, 2014. Currently, there are in total six special municipalities under the central government . The special municipalities cover the top five most populous metropolitan areas in Taiwan and over two thirds (2/3) of the national population. There are currently six special municipalities: Their self-governed bodies (executive and legislature) regulated by
212-537: A proposal to become a special municipality in 2012. Executive Yuan approved the proposal and the special municipality of Taoyuan were formally established on December 25, 2014. Currently, there are in total six special municipalities under the central government . The special municipalities cover the top five most populous metropolitan areas in Taiwan and over two thirds (2/3) of the national population. There are currently six special municipalities: Their self-governed bodies (executive and legislature) regulated by
265-453: A special municipality. The 2007 amendment of Local Government Act states that a county or city with population over two million may grant some extra privileges in local autonomy that was designed for special municipalities. This type of counties are often called quasi-municipalities ( 準直轄市 ). Taipei County was the first division within this case. In 2009, another amendment of Local Government Act gave councils of counties and cities
318-453: A special municipality. The 2007 amendment of Local Government Act states that a county or city with population over two million may grant some extra privileges in local autonomy that was designed for special municipalities. This type of counties are often called quasi-municipalities ( 準直轄市 ). Taipei County was the first division within this case. In 2009, another amendment of Local Government Act gave councils of counties and cities
371-770: Is the central library of Taoyuan, located in Taoyuan Zhongzheng Arts and Cultural Business District. The new library building opened in December 2022. It was designed by T.C.K. Architect Engineer Planner and Azusa Sekkei [ ja ] . It is the largest local public library in Taiwan. The Taoyuan International Baseball Stadium is home to the Rakuten Monkeys of the Chinese Professional Baseball League (CPBL). Taoyuan also has two professional basketball teams,
424-448: Is the highest level of the country's administrative structure and is equivalent to a province. After the suspension of the provincial governments of 2018, the special municipalities along with provincial cities and counties have all governed directly under the central government . Currently total six cities are designated as special municipalities: Taipei , Taoyuan , New Taipei , Taichung , Tainan , and Kaohsiung , all located in
477-444: Is used to host indoor sporting events, such as basketball and volleyball . The then-Taoyuan County is also the birthplace of Taiwanese professional golfer Yani Tseng and taekwondo athlete Chu Mu-Yen . Recent major sporting events held by Taoyuan include: The rapid transit system of the city is Taoyuan Metro and is operational since April 2017. National Highway No. 1 and 3 are nearby and connect via local highways to
530-480: The Fuxing District , Taoyuan is the one Special Municipality of Taiwan that has no Aboriginal populations, appearing on related maps as empty. Taoyuan is one of the Taiwan's top industrial and technological cities. High-tech companies including Quanta , MiTAC , Inotera , Nanya Technology , HTC , CPT and AU Optronics have all opted to build or expand their factories in Taoyuan. Taoyuan has now become
583-704: The Ketagalan people settled in Nankan [ zh ] . In the early years of Dutch colonization , Spanish colonization , and Zheng He of the Ming Dynasty , there were no large-scale cultivation or industrial activities. During the Qing era , a number of people from Fujian Province and Guangdong province began to immigrate into present-day Taoyuan to develop and farm the land. They planted peach trees, which, when fully bloomed in spring, were so beautiful that
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#1732765225170636-674: The Local Government Act are: In Taiwanese municipalities, the mayor is the highest-ranking official in charge. The mayor is directly elected by the people registered in the municipality for a duration of four years. In Hsinchu City and Hsinchu County , it was proposed in September 2021 that both are to be upgraded to the nation's newest special municipality. Similarly, Changhua County and Changhua City have been expressed interest to become its special municipality that October. The Tsai Ing-wen administration had approved
689-546: The Local Government Act are: In Taiwanese municipalities, the mayor is the highest-ranking official in charge. The mayor is directly elected by the people registered in the municipality for a duration of four years. In Hsinchu City and Hsinchu County , it was proposed in September 2021 that both are to be upgraded to the nation's newest special municipality. Similarly, Changhua County and Changhua City have been expressed interest to become its special municipality that October. The Tsai Ing-wen administration had approved
742-576: The Taiwan Railway Administration . The Taoyuan Arena , also built in 1993, is an indoor sporting arena located in Taoyuan District . The concept of its roof structure was based on the bicycle structure, the outer ring (to bear pressure) and inner tire (to bear tensile strength) of the bicycle wheels are connected by cable wires. It occupies an area of 1.5 hectares (3.7 acres) with a capacity of 15,000 spectators. It
795-593: The Taoyuan Leopards of the T1 League and the Taoyuan Pauian Pilots of the P. League+ (shared with Changhua County ). The Taoyuan County Stadium, built in 1993, is a multi-use stadium used mostly for football matches that also has an athletics track . The stadium has a capacity of 30,000 spectators. It is within walking distance southwest from Taoyuan Senior High School Station of
848-497: The fourth-largest metropolitan area , and fifth-largest populated city in Taiwan. "Taoyuan" literally means "peach garden" in Chinese, since the area used to have many peach trees. Formerly a county , Taoyuan became the latest new founding special municipality in 2014. Taoyuan City is home to many industrial parks and tech company headquarters. Due to the city's proximity to Taipei , and the lower cost of living , Taoyuan has had
901-591: The Japanese era, the staged migration policy caused Taoyuan to develop into a city with a variety of cultures. For example, temples and worship paths (currently the Taoyuan Martyrs Shrine ) symbolized cultural systems. Butokuden ( 武德殿 ) were used to represent military systems, and the old Taoyuan City Office signified political systems. After the transfer from Japan to the Republic of China,
954-400: The city itself. National Highway No. 2 connects to Taoyuan International Airport . Bridges in the city are Luofu Bridge . Taiwan Taoyuan International Airport at Dayuan District is the largest airport in Taiwan. It serves as the main international hub for China Airlines and EVA Air . Taiwan Taoyuan handled 25,114,418 passengers in 2010. It is the fifteenth-busiest air freight hub in
1007-1032: The city, representing the fact that Taoyuan's development bureau is based on industry and commerce. There are also 9 sites (57 ha; 140 acres) for mixed industrial-commercial use, the most of any county and city in Taiwan. On 26 March 2010, China Airlines (Taiwan's government-owned airline ) moved into its new headquarters on the grounds of Taipei Taoyuan International Airport and in Dayuan Township in Taoyuan County (now Dayuan District, Taoyuan). EVA Air maintains its headquarters in Luzhu District . Evergreen Airlines Services Corporation, Evergreen Aviation Technologies Corp., and Evergreen Air Cargo Services Corporation, subsidiaries of Evergreen Group , are headquartered in Dayuan. On 25 December 2016, The Asia Silicon Valley Development Agency (ASVDA)
1060-482: The common language status of Hakka and Formosan languages within each division. Prior to becoming a municipality on 25 December 2014, Taoyuan County used to have 6 county-administered cities (Bade, Luzhu, Pingzhen, Taoyuan, Yangmei, Zhongli), 1 urban township (Daxi), 5 rural townships (Dayuan, Guanyin, Guishan, Longtan, Xinwu), and 1 Mountain indigenous township (Fuxing). Taoyuan Main Public Library
1113-675: The early 1990s, more thoughts of administrative division reform and reorganization were widely discussed. The Local Government Act ( 地方制度法 ) was passed by the Legislative Yuan (the Parliament) in 1999. This Act regulates the local self-governance bodies and came with some articles to deal with the possible changes of administrative divisions. In the Act also states that cities with population of over 1,250,000 and with significance on political, economic and cultural development may form
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#17327652251701166-502: The early 1990s, more thoughts of administrative division reform and reorganization were widely discussed. The Local Government Act ( 地方制度法 ) was passed by the Legislative Yuan (the Parliament) in 1999. This Act regulates the local self-governance bodies and came with some articles to deal with the possible changes of administrative divisions. In the Act also states that cities with population of over 1,250,000 and with significance on political, economic and cultural development may form
1219-406: The end of World War II , the island of Taiwan (Formosa) was under Japanese rule , with 11 cities established within its administrative divisions . Following the Japanese surrender in 1945, the Republic of China (ROC) took control of Taiwan, most of pre-1945 cities in Taiwan were reorganized as provincial cities , but Yilan and Hualien became the first two county-administered cities . After
1272-406: The end of World War II , the island of Taiwan (Formosa) was under Japanese rule , with 11 cities established within its administrative divisions . Following the Japanese surrender in 1945, the Republic of China (ROC) took control of Taiwan, most of pre-1945 cities in Taiwan were reorganized as provincial cities , but Yilan and Hualien became the first two county-administered cities . After
1325-549: The far end on the shores of the Taiwan Strait . There are many irrigation ponds at Taoyuan Plateau , which caused Taoyuan to earn the nickname "Thousand-pond Township" ( 千塘之鄉 ). Taoyuan has a humid subtropical climate , with mild to warm winters and hot summers, typical of northern Taiwan. As of most of the cities and urban towns of Taiwan, Minnan people (Hoklos) are one of the largest ethnic groups of Taoyuan, most of whom live in northern Taoyuan (北桃園) which comprises
1378-504: The fastest population growth of any city in Taiwan in recent decades. The city is also home to 116,000 foreign workers , with many coming from Southeast Asia and working in factories or as household caregivers . Taoyuan International Airport , which serves the capital, Taipei and the rest of northern Taiwan, is located in this city. In ancient times, the Taoyuan plateau was the home of the Taiwanese plains aborigines . In prehistory,
1431-622: The loss of the mainland to the Chinese Communist Party in 1949, all the special municipalities established in mainland China were lost. The new communist-led People's Republic of China government replaced the Yuan-controlled municipalities with direct-controlled municipalities . The Kuomintang -led government of the Republic of China lost the Chinese Civil War and relocated to Taipei , Taiwan. By
1484-415: The loss of the mainland to the Chinese Communist Party in 1949, all the special municipalities established in mainland China were lost. The new communist-led People's Republic of China government replaced the Yuan-controlled municipalities with direct-controlled municipalities . The Kuomintang -led government of the Republic of China lost the Chinese Civil War and relocated to Taipei , Taiwan. By
1537-458: The most densely populated regions in the western half of the island. These special municipalities encompass five most populous metropolitan areas in Taiwan , accounting for more than two-thirds of the national population. The first municipalities of the ROC were established in 1927 soon after they were designated as "cities" during the 1920s. Nominally, Dairen was a municipality as well, although it
1590-409: The most densely populated regions in the western half of the island. These special municipalities encompass five most populous metropolitan areas in Taiwan , accounting for more than two-thirds of the national population. The first municipalities of the ROC were established in 1927 soon after they were designated as "cities" during the 1920s. Nominally, Dairen was a municipality as well, although it
1643-598: The next year, Shilin and Beitou of Yangmingshan Administrative Bureau (a county -equivalent administrative division) were also merged into Taipei. In 1979, the major international port and industrial city in the southwest of the country — Kaohsiung — were also upgraded to a special municipality. Territory of the Kaohsiung special municipality includes the original provincial Kaohsiung City and Siaogang Township in Kaohsiung County . At this time, Taiwan
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1696-476: The next year, Shilin and Beitou of Yangmingshan Administrative Bureau (a county -equivalent administrative division) were also merged into Taipei. In 1979, the major international port and industrial city in the southwest of the country — Kaohsiung — were also upgraded to a special municipality. Territory of the Kaohsiung special municipality includes the original provincial Kaohsiung City and Siaogang Township in Kaohsiung County . At this time, Taiwan
1749-567: The northern districts of Taoyuan, including Taoyuan city centre, Bade , Daxi , Dayuan , Guishan and Luzhu , and the city seat of government, Taoyuan District citycentre. The Hakka are the second-largest ethnic group in the city after the Minnan ethnicity (Hoklo) who won against the Hakkas in clan wars moved to the poor mountainous regions in southern Taoyuan, most of the Hakka peasants live in
1802-473: The people named the land Toahong ( Chinese : 桃仔園 ; pinyin : Táozǐyuán ; Pe̍h-ōe-jī : Thô-á-hn̂g ; lit. 'peach orchard'). In November 1901, during Japanese era , a local administrative office, Toshien Chō ( Japanese : 桃仔園廳 ) , was established in the area, and renamed Tōen Chō ( 桃園廳 ) in 1905. In 1920, the Tōen area was incorporated into Shinchiku Prefecture . During
1855-513: The present day-area of Taoyuan City was incorporated under Hsinchu County . In 1950, Taoyuan County was established by separating it from Hsinchu County. On 21 April 1971, Taoyuan City was made the county seat of Taoyuan County. It had 6 cities , 1 urban township and 6 rural townships. In June 2009, the Executive Yuan approved the plan to upgrade Taoyuan from a county to a special municipality. On 25 December 2014, Taoyuan County
1908-560: The proposal to merge Hsinchu county and city in December 2021 but rejected Changhua due to the county's decline of population below the 1.25 million required by Article 4 of the Local Government Act for a region to be eligible for an upgrade. Special municipality (Taiwan) Special municipality , historically known as Yuan -controlled municipality , is a first-level administrative division unit in Taiwan . It
1961-577: The race for Taoyuan County magistrate. Peng had inherited the magistrate position after Annette Lu vacated the post to serve as vice president. Chu ran for re-election in 2005 and defeated DPP challenger Pao-Ching Cheng, CEO of the Taiwan Salt Company . In 2009, John Wu of the KMT defeated his DPP opponent, Cheng Wen-tsan and became the Magistrate of Taoyuan County. In 2014, following
2014-444: The right to file petitions to reform themselves into special municipalities. Four proposals were approved by the Executive Yuan in 2009 The four newly created special municipalities were formally established on December 25, 2010 with the inauguration of the new mayors. In June 2010, the population of Taoyuan County also grew over 2 million and were qualified for being a quasi-municipality since 2011. The county government also sent
2067-444: The right to file petitions to reform themselves into special municipalities. Four proposals were approved by the Executive Yuan in 2009 The four newly created special municipalities were formally established on December 25, 2010 with the inauguration of the new mayors. In June 2010, the population of Taoyuan County also grew over 2 million and were qualified for being a quasi-municipality since 2011. The county government also sent
2120-405: The rural peasant village areas of southern Taoyuan (南桃園), which includes Zhongli , Pingzhen , Yangmei , Longtan , Guanyin and Xinwu districts. With more than 785,000 Hakka people, Taoyuan hosts the largest Hakka population among all of Taiwan's administrative divisions. After the Chinese Civil War , many people from mainland China (unaffectionately referred to as " Waishengren ") settled in
2173-474: The source of significant trichloroethylene contamination. Shihmen Reservoir is one of Taiwan's major reservoirs. Once the largest water conservancy project in Southeast Asia , visitors may find many restaurants open near the reservoir serving fresh reservoir fish delicacies. There is also a three-kilometre-long (1.9 mi) bikeway surrounding the back pond. Shimen Reservoir provides almost all of
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2226-583: The then- Taoyuan County after the retreat of the nationalist government in 1949. Most of them live in military dependents' villages in Zhongli, Pingzhen and Guishan. Longgang is well known for its immigrants from Yunnan , featuring many Yunnan-style restaurants. Most Taiwanese indigenous peoples in the city live in Fuxing District , with most of them belonging to the Atayal people . Outside of
2279-650: The time of its retreat, no special municipalities was established in Taiwan or other territories under effective control of the ROC government. In 1967, Taipei City, the first special municipality in Taiwan was created. Taipei served as the capital of the country starting in 1949 and was at the time the most populous city. The scope of the Taipei special municipality includes the original provincial City of Taipei and 4 of its neighboring townships in Taipei County , including Neihu , Nangang , Muzha and Jingmei . In
2332-535: The time of its retreat, no special municipalities was established in Taiwan or other territories under effective control of the ROC government. In 1967, Taipei City, the first special municipality in Taiwan was created. Taipei served as the capital of the country starting in 1949 and was at the time the most populous city. The scope of the Taipei special municipality includes the original provincial City of Taipei and 4 of its neighboring townships in Taipei County , including Neihu , Nangang , Muzha and Jingmei . In
2385-528: The upgrade of Taoyuan County to Taoyuan City, Cheng Wen-tsan of the DPP won the Taoyuan City mayoral election and became the city's first mayor. In 2022 Taoyuan City mayoral election , Chang San-cheng of the KMT was elected as the new mayor. Taoyuan City is divided into 12 municipal districts and 1 mountain indigenous district. The city government is located within Taoyuan District . Colors indicate
2438-509: The water in Taoyuan, as well as to New Taipei City's Xinzhuang, Banqiao, and Linkou districts. The Taoyuan City Government is the municipal government of Taoyuan. The Taoyuan City Council is the elected municipal council of Taoyuan, the council composes of 60 councillors elected once every four years by single non-transferable vote. In 2001, Eric Chu of the Kuomintang defeated Democratic Progressive Party incumbent Peng Shao-Chin in
2491-503: The world and thirteenth-busiest by international passenger traffic. Taipei Taoyuan International Airport currently has two terminals which are connected by two, short people movers. A third terminal and a rapid transit system linking the terminals together underground are currently under construction. Special municipality (Taiwan) Currently total six cities are designated as special municipalities: Taipei , Taoyuan , New Taipei , Taichung , Tainan , and Kaohsiung , all located in
2544-421: Was under Japanese control . It consisted of the original 11 cities of Nanjing , Shanghai , Beiping (Beijing) , Tianjin , Qingdao , Chongqing , Xi'an , Canton , Hankou District (now part of Wuhan ), Shenyang , and Harbin . These cities were first called special municipalities/cities ( 特別市 ; tèbiéshì ), but were later renamed Yuan -controlled municipalities ( 院辖市 ; 院轄市 ; yuànxiáshì ). Before
2597-421: Was under Japanese control . It consisted of the original 11 cities of Nanjing , Shanghai , Beiping (Beijing) , Tianjin , Qingdao , Chongqing , Xi'an , Canton , Hankou District (now part of Wuhan ), Shenyang , and Harbin . These cities were first called special municipalities/cities ( 特別市 ; tèbiéshì ), but were later renamed Yuan -controlled municipalities ( 院辖市 ; 院轄市 ; yuànxiáshì ). Before
2650-505: Was inaugurated in northern Taoyuan City, in a governmental effort to foster innovation, promote the Internet of Things (IoT) sector and attract top-class technology talent. The Asia Silicon Valley Development Plan aimed to transform Taiwan into an R&D hub for the IoT sector as well as a global center of entrepreneurship. A former RCA facility is located in the city. The RCA facility is
2703-413: Was under martial law . All national and municipal level elections were suspended. The mayors of Taipei and Kaohsiung were assigned by the Executive Yuan (central government), not by elections until 1994. For this reason the special municipalities were also called Yuan-controlled municipalities ( Chinese : 院轄市 ; pinyin : yuànxiáshì ) at this period. Following the democratic reforms in
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#17327652251702756-413: Was under martial law . All national and municipal level elections were suspended. The mayors of Taipei and Kaohsiung were assigned by the Executive Yuan (central government), not by elections until 1994. For this reason the special municipalities were also called Yuan-controlled municipalities ( Chinese : 院轄市 ; pinyin : yuànxiáshì ) at this period. Following the democratic reforms in
2809-468: Was upgraded into a special municipality of Taoyuan City ( 桃園市 ). Taoyuan is located approximately 40 km (25 mi) southwest of Taipei , in northern Taiwan, and occupies 1,220 km (470 sq mi). It is made up of low-lying plains, interconnected mountains and plateaus . Its shape has a long and narrow southeast-to-northwest trend, with the southeast in the Xueshan Range and
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