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92-478: Tapos District is sub-divided into seven urban communities ( kelurahan ) listed below with their areas and their officially-estimated populations as at mid 2022, together with their postcodes. Notes: (a) comprising 126,493 males and 125,249 females. This West Java location article is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . West Java West Java ( Indonesian : Jawa Barat , Sundanese : ᮏᮝ ᮊᮥᮜᮧᮔ᮪ , romanized:  Jawa Kulon )

184-488: A British American Tobacco cigarette factory was built in the early 20th century. Port activity is dominated by bulk imports of coal, liquid asphalt and vegetable oils for the West Java hinterland. Until 2002, the port also catered for minor container trade and cruise shipping . In 2006 the port handled 3.27 million metric tons (MT) of trade, more than 90 percent as imports from other Indonesian ports. Nearly 93% of

276-399: A tropical monsoon climate (Am) with moderate to little rainfall from June to October and heavy to very heavy rainfall from November to May. The city of Cirebon is divided into five administrative districts ( kecamatan ), listed below with their areas and their populations at the 2010 census and the 2020 census, together with the official estimates as at mid 2023. The table also includes

368-464: A cave system built by two Chinese architects around the 1880s, decorated by Chinese and Western porcelain. The village of Trusmi, about five kilometers outside of Cirebon, has been noted for batik production. Plangon is a habitat of monkeys. Mt Ceremai , the highest peak in West Java, is a large volcano situated about 40 km (25 mi) to the south of Cirebon. Parks and other tourist spots on

460-685: A combination of elements culture Islam, China , and Netherlands . Characteristics of the palace buildings are always facing north and there is a mosque nearby. Each palace has square as a gathering place, market and sculpture tiger in park or page forward as a symbol of King Siliwangi , the central character formation Sultanate of Cirebon . Another feature is the plate porcelain original China are so trimmer wall. Some dishes supposedly derived from Europe when Cirebon so port trade center island Java . Cirebon city park has some of them Waterpark Sunyaragi and Park of Ade Irma Suryani. Water Parks Sunyaragi has technology flow water advanced in his time,

552-514: A dialect that is a mix of Sundanese and Javanese , known as Jawareh . It is thought that the word "Cirebon" derives from the Javanese word, caruban , meaning "mixed": a reference to the city's mix of Sundanese, Javanese, Chinese, and Arabic cultural elements. Alternatively, it could be derived from the Sundanese words "ci" (water or river) and "rebon" ("shrimp"). (Indeed, the main product of

644-406: A flourishing trade in colonial cash crops attracted many Chinese entrepreneurs and that influence is still evident in the batik for which Cirebon is famous. Cirebon suffered a famine in 1844, apparently triggered by a combination of drought and the shift from subsistence agriculture to cash crops, particularly indigo and sugarcane , enforced by Dutch's Cultivation system . Cirebon has

736-415: A frame upon which hang several different lengths of hollow bamboo. Angklungs are played like handbells, with each instrument played to a different note. Angklung rattles are played in interlocking patterns, usually with only one or two instruments played per person. The ensemble is used in Sundanese processions, sometimes with trance or acrobatics. Performed at life-cycle rituals and feasts (hajat), angklung

828-474: A historical tour of the royal glory of Islam , the story of the trustees, Complex Sunan Gunung Jati in Mount Sembung about 24 kilometres (15 mi) to the west of the city center, Great Mosque of Cirebon , At-Taqwa Mosque , temple ancient buildings and relics of Netherlands . Cirebon is a palace at the same time in the city, namely Keraton Kasepuhan and Kanoman . Everything has architecture

920-659: A major industrial area, with areas such as Bekasi, Cikarang and Karawang sprawling with factories and industries. The area in and around Bandung has also developed as an industrial area. Based on the data from Indonesia State Secretary, the total area of rice fields in West Java Province in 2006 was 9,488,623 km which produced 9,418,882 tons of paddy in 2006, consisting of 9,103,800 tons rice field paddy and 315,082 tons farmland paddy. Palawija (non-rice food) production, reached 2,044,674 tons with productivity 179.28 quintal per ha. Nevertheless,

1012-713: A number of historic buildings and other key sites in Cirebon, some of them in an advanced state of decay. These include the buildings of the several kratons, the Sang Cipta Rasa Grand Mosque, and the Gua Sunyaragi Park. Wali Songo , especially Sunan Gunung Jati , is known to have influenced the city's history. Sunan Gunung Jati's grave is located several kilometers outside the city in the Gunung Jati district. There are two temples and

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1104-749: A part of the Pacific Ring of Fire , have more mountains and volcanoes than any of the other provinces in Indonesia. The vast volcanic mountainous region of inland West Java is traditionally known as Parahyangan (also known as Priangan or Preanger ) which means "The abode of hyangs (gods)". It is considered as the heartland of the Sundanese people. The highest point of West Java is the stratovolcano Mount Cereme (3,078 metres) bordering Kuningan and Majalengka Regencies. West Java has rich and fertile volcanic soil. Agriculture, mostly traditional dry rice cultivation (known as ladang or huma ), has become

1196-663: A population estimated at 14,707,767 in mid 2023. The province comprises eleven of Indonesia's 84 national electoral districts to elect members to the People's Representative Council . The province's 91 elected members are comprised as follows: West Java borders Jakarta and Banten province to the west and Central Java to the east. To the north is the Java Sea . To the south is the Indian Ocean . Unlike most other provinces in Indonesia which have their capitals in coastal areas,

1288-436: A ritual of thanksgiving associated with the rice harvest. Tarawangsa can also be played for healing or even purely for entertainment. The three main types of Sundanese bamboo ensembles are angklung , calung , karinding and arumba. The exact features of each ensemble vary according to context, related instruments, and relative popularity. Angklung is a generic term for sets of tuned, shaken bamboo rattles. Angklung consists of

1380-461: A separate cultural area called Pasundan or Tatar Sunda . Someone moving from West Java to Central or East Java is literally said to be moving from Sunda to Java worlds. Bandung is considered as the cultural heartland of Sundanese people , and many indigenous Sundanese artforms were developed in this city. The nearby province of Banten is similar in this regard and is also considered to be part of Pasundan as well. The musical arts of Sunda, which

1472-479: A supporting region for Jakarta , the capital of Indonesia. Jakarta remained as the business and political centre of Indonesia. Several regencies and cities in West Java such as Bogor , Bekasi and Depok were developed as supporting areas for Jakarta and came to form the Greater Jakarta area or Jabodetabek ( Ja karta, Bo gor, De pok, Ta ngerang and Bek asi). The northern area of West Java has become

1564-414: Is Javanese who migrated to the province centuries ago. Other Native Indonesian ethnic groups such as Minangkabau , Batak , Malay , Madurese , Balinese , Ambonese and many other Indonesians who migrated to and settled in West Java cities can also be easily found. The urban areas also have a significant population of Chinese Indonesians . In addition to Indonesian , the official national language,

1656-457: Is a female dance inspired by the movements of a peafowl and its feathers blended with the classical movements of the Sundanese dance. There are stories and folktales transcribed from Pantun Sunda stories. Among the most well-known folktale and stories are: Cirebon Cirebon ( Indonesian pronunciation: [t͡ʃirə'bɔn] , formerly rendered Cheribon or Chirebon in English)

1748-473: Is a genre of Sundanese vocal music accompanied by a core ensemble of two Kacapi (zither) and a Suling (bamboo flute). The music and poetry of tembang Sunda are closely associated with the Parahyangan, the highland plateau that transverses the central and southern parts of Sunda. The natural environment of Priangan, an agricultural region surrounded by mountains and volcanoes, is reflected in some songs of

1840-525: Is a musical tradition reminiscent of Bandung's kecapi suling music with except that it features guitar, suling (bamboo flute) and voice. The name derived from gi tar (guitar), and su ling (flute). Cirebon is the home town of the PSGJ Cirebon football team, the club plays in the Liga Nusantara . Another team, Cirebon Football Club, team also plays in the Liga Nusantara is based in

1932-481: Is a port city on the northern coast of the Indonesian island of Java . It is the only coastal city of West Java , located about 40 km west of the provincial border with Central Java , approximately 297 km (185 mi) east of Jakarta , at 6°43′S 108°34′E  /  6.717°S 108.567°E  / -6.717; 108.567 . It had a population of 296,389 at the 2010 census and 333,303 at

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2024-569: Is also a cultural tourism destination since the city has several kratons and historical sites such as Gua Sunyaragi. Other tourist destinations include the Bogor Botanical Garden , Taman Safari , Tangkuban Perahu crater, Pelabuhanratu Bay , Ciater hot springs, Kawah Putih crater to the south of Bandung, Pangandaran beach, and various mountain resorts in Cianjur, Garut, Tasikmalaya, and Kuningan. The population of West Java

2116-446: Is also another protected forest of about 32,313.59 ha organized by Perum Perhutani Unit III West Java and Banten. From the productive forest, in 2006 West Java harvested crop of about 200,675 m³ wood, although the need for wood in this province every year is about 4 million m³. Until 2006, populace forest's width 214,892 ha with wood production is about 893,851.75 m³. West Java also produces non-forest's crop which

2208-521: Is an Indonesian province on the western part of the island of Java , with its provincial capital in Bandung . West Java is bordered by the province of Banten and the country's capital region of Jakarta to the west, the Java Sea to the north, the province of Central Java to the east and the Indian Ocean to the south. With Banten , this province is the native homeland of the Sundanese people ,

2300-555: Is an expression of the emotions of Sundanese culture, express politeness and grace of Sundanese. Degung orchestra consists of Sundanese gamelan . In addition to the Sundanese forms of Gamelan in Parahyangan , the region of Cirebon retains its own distinct musical traditions. Amongst Cirebons' varying Gamelan ensembles the two most frequently heard are Gamelan Pelog (a non-equidistant heptatonic tuning system) and Gamelan Prawa (a semi-equidistant pentatonic tuning system). Gamelan Pelog

2392-461: Is believed to maintain balance and harmony in the village. In its most modern incarnation, angklung is performed in schools as an aid to learning music. The Angklung received international attention when Daeng Soetigna, from Bandung, expanded the angklung notations not only to play traditional pélog or sléndro scales but also diatonic scale in 1938. Since then, angklung is often played together with other Western musical instruments in an orchestra. One of

2484-583: Is called "Macan Ali" (Ali's panther) with Arabic calligraphy arranged to resemble a panther or tiger . These indicate both Islamic influence and that of the Hindu Pajajaran Sundanese King Siliwangi's tiger banner. The royal lineage of Cirebon is still well respected and is held in high prestige among the people of Cirebon, although it does not hold real political power anymore. The royal carriage of Kasepuhan's Singa Barong and Kanoman's Paksi Naga Liman carriage resembles

2576-1043: Is famous for its high quality salted fish, such as jambal roti , juhi (salted cuttlefish), rebon , and ebi (dried small shrimp). These products are often sought by visitors, especially Indonesian domestic tourists and visitors from other cities, as oleh-oleh (food souvenirs). Cirebon is also known for its local cuisines and delicacies, such as empal gentong (offal curry ), mie koclok (chicken noodle soup with coconut milk), nasi lengko (rice with bean sprouts, fried tofu , and fried tempeh , topped with peanut sauce and soy sauce ), nasi jamblang (rice of various side dishes), tahu gejrot (fried tofu with ground garlic, chili, and shallot, topped with thin and sweet soy sauce), tahu petis (dry fried tofu served with petis dip sauce), tahu tek-tek (fried tofu topped with peanut sauce and mixed with vegetables), ayam panggang (barbecued chicken), and docang ( lontong with sour vegetable soup). As one tourist destination in West Java , Cirebon City offers many charms ranging from

2668-465: Is found in Garut, Tasikmalaya, Kuningan, and Sukabumi Regency areas. As consequences of having many volcanoes, West Java has the potential of geothermal energy . There are eleven points of geothermal energy, and three, i.e. Papandayan , Ceremai , and Gede Pangrango have conducted pre-exploration. Raw natural resources include chalk , several offshore oilfields in the Java Sea , and lumber. Most of

2760-542: Is known as one of the earliest developed regions in the Indonesian archipelago. In the early 20th century, the Dutch colonial government developed infrastructures for economic purposes, especially to support Dutch plantations in the region. Roads and railways were constructed to connect inland plantations area with urban centres such as Bandung and the port of Batavia. After Indonesian independence in 1945, West Java became

2852-793: Is one of notable Cirebon traditional dance and quite famous within Indonesian dances . Cirebon culture is also influenced by Islamic Middle Eastern culture, such as the Burokan tradition where people exhibit the image of buraq — traditionally made from the bamboo frame and paper skin, or other materials — in processions around the village accompanied with music. The traditions of the bamboo statues borne in these processions are similar to Sundanese Sisingaan , Betawi Ondel-ondel , or Balinese Ogoh-ogoh processions, yet differ in their Islamic theme. Burokan are usually held during festive occasions such as circumcision or marriage, and are accompanied by popular Cirebon folk songs, such as tarling. Tarling

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2944-471: Is potential enough to be developed as forestry work, such as silk, mushroom, pine, dammar, maleleuca, rattan, bamboo, and swallow bird's nest. In the fishery sector, commodities include goldfish, nila fish, milkfish, freshwater catfish, windu shrimp, green mussel, gouramy, patin, seaweed and vaname shrimp. In 2006, this province harvested 560,000 tons of fish from fishery cultivation crop and brackish or 63.63% from fishery production total in West Java. In

3036-537: Is related to Javanese and Banyumasan with dialects such as the Jawareh (half-Javanese half Sundanese), Plered , and Dermayon . There are also native Sundanese speakers in the city, who speak a local dialect known as Bahasa Sunda Cirebon (Cirebonese Sundanese language) which contains unique words not found in its Priangan counterpart. In the modern era, some of the local political elite in Cirebon and surrounding regencies have campaigned for Cirebon city, together with

3128-653: Is traditionally reserved for Tayuban, Wayang Cepak, and listening and dance music of the Kratons in Cirebon, while Gamelan Prawa is traditionally reserved for Wayang Purwa. Cirebon also retains specialised Gamelan ensembles including Sekaten, which is played in the Kratons to mark important times in the Islamic calendar, Denggung, also a Kraton ensemble, which is believed to have some "supernatural powers", and Renteng, an ensemble found in both Cirebon and Parahyangan known for its loud and energetic playing style. Tembang Sunda

3220-531: The Bandung Basin to the northeast is the Tarum River (or Ci-tarum ), the longest and most important river in the province. This 300-km long river is the site of three dams, namely Cirata Dam , Saguling Dam , and Jatiluhur Dam . West Java GDP share by sector (2022) Initially, the economy of the Sundanese people in West Java relied heavily on rice cultivation. Ancient kingdoms established in

3312-622: The Jakarta metropolitan area ), Bandung and Depok (the latter also within the Jakarta metropolitan area), are the third, fourth and sixth most populous cities in Indonesia respectively. Bandung is also one of the most densely populated cities proper in the world . The oldest human inhabitant archaeological findings in the region were unearthed in Anyer on the western coast of Java with evidence of bronze and iron metallurgical culture dating to

3404-770: The Kota Kapur inscription (AD 686). The Sunda Kingdom subsequently became the ruling power of the region, as recorded on the Kebon Kopi II inscription (AD 932). An Ulama, Sunan Gunung Jati , settled in Cirebon , intending to spread Islam in the town. Meanwhile, the Sultanate of Demak in Central Java grew to become a threat to the Sunda kingdom. To defend against the threat, Prabu Surawisesa Jayaperkosa signed

3496-773: The Luso-Sundanese Treaty with the Portuguese in 1512. In return, the Portuguese were granted access to build fortresses and warehouses in the area, as well as forming trading agreements with the kingdom. This first international treaty of Sunda Kingdom with the Europeans was commemorated by the placement of the Padrao stone monument at the bank of the Ciliwung River in 1522. Although the treaty with

3588-710: The Mataram expanded to the Priangan area in the early 17th century following the Sultan Agung campaign against Dutch Batavia, sawah (wet rice cultivation) began to be adopted in the northern lowlands of West Java. Regencies such as Indramayu , Cirebon , Subang , Karawang and Bekasi are now well known as vital rice-producing areas. The mountainous region of West Java supplies vegetables, flower and much horticultural produce to Jakarta and Bandung, while animal farms in West Java produce dairy products and meats. During

3680-593: The Suma Oriental around the year 1513 mentioned Cirebon was one of the trade centers on the island of Java . After Cirebon was taken over by the Dutch East Indies government in 1859, it was designated as a transit port for import-export goods and as a communications route to the political control center for the region in the interior of Java. Until 2001, the economic contribution to the City of Cirebon

3772-511: The TNI-AU . The city lies on Jalur Pantura ( Pant ai U ta ra Jawa), a major road on the northern coast of Java that stretches from Anyer , passes through Jakarta , and ends at Surabaya . The Port of Cirebon was established by the Dutch in 1865, principally as an export point for spices, sugar cane, and raw materials from West Java. Warehouses and open storage areas were developed by 1890, and

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3864-431: The chimera of three animals; eagle, elephant, and dragon. These symbolize Indian Hinduism, Arabic Islam, and Chinese influences. The images of Macan Ali, Singa Barong, and Paksi Naga Liman are also often featured as patterns in Cirebon batik. As a coastal city, Cirebon's main industry is fishery. Its products include terasi (shrimp paste), petis , krupuk udang ( shrimp crackers ) and various salted fish . Cirebon

3956-405: The second-largest ethnic group in Indonesia . West Java was one of the first eight provinces of Indonesia formed following the country's independence proclamation and was later legally re-established on 14 July 1950. In 1966, the city of Jakarta was split off from West Java as a 'special capital region' ( Daerah Khusus Ibukota ), with a status equivalent to that of a province, while in 2000

4048-446: The 2020 census total was 2,603,924 and the official estimate as at mid 2023 was 2,702,421. Straddling the border between West and Central Java, Cirebon's history has been influenced by both Sundanese and Javanese culture as well as Arab and Chinese , and is the seat of a former Sultanate . Being on the border of Sundanese (i.e., Western Java) and Javanese (i.e., Central Java) cultural regions, many of Cirebon's residents speak

4140-427: The 2020 census; the official estimate as at mid 2023 was 341,980 (comprising 171,638 males and 170,342 females). The built-up area of Cirebon reaches out from the city and into the surrounding regency of the same name ; the official metropolitan area encompasses the whole of this regency as well as the city, and covers an area of 1,116.24 km (430.98 sq mi), with a 2010 census population of 2,363,585;

4232-573: The Bima stadium Cirebon. Other popular sports in Cirebon include Futsal . The remnants of Cirebon sultanate; Kasepuhan , Kanoman , Kaprabonan, and Kacirebonan kratons are now run as cultural institutions to preserve Cirebon culture. Each still holds their traditional ceremonies and have become the patrons of Cirebon arts. Some of the royal symbols of the Cirebon Sultanate describe their legacy and influences. The banner of Cirebon Sultanate

4324-545: The Cirebon Sultanate marked the first Islamic rule in western Java, transforming Muara Jati into a busy port. Cirebon was an independent sultanate under the leadership of Sunan Gunungjati in the early 16th century. After the Sunda Kingdom collapsed, the Sultanates of Banten and Mataram fought over control of Cirebon, which declared its allegiance to Sultan Agung of Mataram, whose grandson Amangkurat II ceded

4416-458: The Cirebon batik Megamendung pattern that resembles Chinese cloud imagery. The Trusmi area is the production center of Cirebon batik. Cirebon Glass Painting is another aspect of Cirebon arts and crafts. The imagery in glass painting is usually derived from wayang theme to Islamic calligraphy . The Tari Topeng Cirebon , or Cirebon mask dance, is a dance style peculiar to the city. Topeng Cirebon mask dance, inspired by Javanese Panji cycles

4508-671: The Cirebon dialect of Javanese language, which came from the words " Negara Gede ", meaning "Great Kingdom." As a port city, Cirebon attracts visitors and settlers from elsewhere in Indonesia and from other nations as well. Cirebon culture was described as Java Pasisiran (coastal) culture, similar to the cultures of Banten, Pekalongan, and Semarang, with notable mixtures of Sundanese, Chinese, Arabic-Islamic, and European influences. Batik textiles from Cirebon, especially Cirebon batik with vivid colors with motifs and patterns, that demonstrate Chinese and local influences, are well known. Chinese influences can be seen in Cirebon's culture, most notably

4600-408: The Portuguese had been established, it could not come to realisation. Sunda Kalapa harbour fell under the alliance of the Sultanates of Demak and Cirebon (former vassal state of Sunda kingdom) in 1524 after forces under Paletehan alias Fadillah Khan had conquered the city. In 1524–1525, troops under Sunan Gunung Jati also seized the port of Banten and established the Sultanate of Banten which

4692-555: The Sultanate of Banten took over the former Sunda kingdom's territory. The Mataram Sultanate from Central Java also seized the Priangan region, the southeastern part of the kingdom. In the 16th century, Dutch and British trading companies established trading ships in western Java after the fall of the Sultanate of Banten. For the next three hundred years, western Java fell under the Dutch East Indies ' administration. West Java

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4784-420: The average population density as at mid 2023 for each regency or city. ). Cities Regencies Much of the population growth has been in the northwest corner of the province, in those areas bordering Jakarta and forming part of the Jakarta metropolitan area . These comprise Bekasi and Bogor Regencies, together with the separate cities of Bekasi, Bogor and Depok; in total they cover an area of 4,790.68 km and had

4876-484: The best productivity, that is plan area's width equals with the plant's width that produces tobacco and sugar palm commodities. From the production side, the highest productivity is oil palm (6.5 tons per ha) and sugar palm (5.5 tons per ha). West Java also has several mining operations. In 2006, it contributed 5,284 tons zeolite, 47,978 tons bentonite, iron sand, pozzolan cement, feldspar, and jewel barn/ gemstone. Precious stone mining potential generally

4968-445: The better-known leather shadow puppets ( wayang kulit ) found in the rest of Java and Bali, wayang golek puppets are made from wood and are three-dimensional, rather than two. They use a banana palm in which the puppets stand, behind which one puppeteer ( dalang ) is accompanied by his gamelan orchestra with up to 20 musicians. The gamelan uses a five-note scale as opposed to the seven-note western scale. The musicians are guided by

5060-578: The city is fish including shrimp .) The sultanate court lies near the modern-day city of Cirebon on West Java's northern coast. Throughout the 16th and 17th centuries, the sultanate thrived and became an important center in the region for trade, commerce, and Islamic study and dissemination in Java. In 1677, the sultanate split into four royal houses, leaving four kratons (palaces) in Cirebon; Keraton Kasepuhan , Kraton Kanoman , Keraton Kacirebonan , and Keraton Keprabonan. Each has its own lineage and all are

5152-482: The city to the Dutch in 1677. In 1705, a treaty saw the Cirebon area west of Cisanggarung River become a Dutch protectorate jointly administered by three sultans whose courts rivalled those of Central Java. The Dutch authorities later established the Cirebon Residency ( Residentie Tjirebon ) which was composed of present-day Cirebon, Indramayu, and Kuningan. During the time of the Dutch " Culture System "

5244-506: The city. Although surrounded by Sundanese-speaking areas in West Java, linguists have stated that Cirebon (and the historically related region of Serang city in Banten Province ) are inside its own Cirebonese language area. In addition, this is supported by a large portion of the Cirebon people referring to themselves as "Wong Cirebon" ("Cirebonese people"), and to their language as "Basa Cirebon" ("Cirebonese"). Cirebonese language

5336-421: The densest musical activity; the lowest-pitched, with two tubes, has the least. Calung is nearly always associated with earthy humour, and is played by men. Arumba refers to a set of diatonically tuned bamboo xylophones, often played by women. It is frequently joined by modern instruments, including a drum set, electric guitar, bass, and keyboards. Wayang golek is a traditional form of puppetry from Sunda. Unlike

5428-491: The descendants and stewards of the original Cirebon Sultanate. According to the manuscript Purwaka Caruban Nagari , Cirebon started as a small fishing village in the 15th century named Muara Jati which attracted foreign traders. The port master at that time was Ki Gedeng Alang-Alang, appointed by the king of Galuh kingdom , located inland in Kawali, Ciamis . He later moved the port to Lemahwungkuk, 5 kilometres (3.1 mi) to

5520-399: The drummer, who in turn is guided by signals from the puppet master dalang gives to change the mood or pace required. Wayang golek are used by the Sundanese to tell the epic play "Mahabarata", and various other morality-type plays. Sandiwara Sunda is a type folk theater performed in Sundanese and presenting Sundanese themes, folklores and stories. Sundanese dance shows the influence of

5612-511: The entire Dutch colonial era, West Java fell under Dutch administration centered in Batavia . The Dutch colonial government introduced cash crops such as tea , coffee , and quinine . Since the 18th century, West Java (known as "De Preanger") was known as a productive plantation area and became integrated with global trade and economy. Services such as transportation and banking were provided to cater for wealthy Dutch plantation owners. West Java

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5704-662: The first millennium AD. The prehistoric Buni culture , near present-day Bekasi , developed clay pottery with evidence found in Anyer to Cirebon . Artefacts dated 400 BC — AD 100, such as food and drink containers, were found mostly as burial gifts. There is archaeological evidence in Batujaya Archaeological Site dating from the 2nd century and, according to Dr Tony Djubiantono, the head of Bandung Archaeology Agency, Jiwa Temple in Batujaya , Karawang ,

5796-498: The first well-known performances of angklung in an orchestra was during the Bandung Conference in 1955. Like those in angklung, the instruments of the calung ensemble are of bamboo, but each consists of several differently tuned tubes fixed onto a piece of bamboo; the player holds the instrument in his left hand and strikes it with a beater held in his right. The highest-pitched calung has the highest number of tubes and

5888-577: The lack of support from the Majalengka area does not preclude Cirebon city and the other three regencies from continuing to promote the idea. The potential size and population of this possible Province would be as follows: Cirebon City's economy is influenced by its strategic geographical location and by the characteristics of natural resources. Thus, the structure of its economy is dominated by manufacturing, trade, hotels and restaurants, transport and communications, and service sectors. Tomé Pires in

5980-428: The locations of the district administrative centres and the number of administrative villages in each district (all classed as urban kelurahan ). The five districts are sub-divided into twenty-two urban villages ( kelurahan ) which are listed below with their populations at the 2010 census and the 2020 census. The city's population was 298,224 at the Indonesia census of 2010. The official estimate as at mid 2023

6072-409: The many groups that have traded and settled in the area over the centuries, and includes variations from graceful to dynamic syncopated drumming patterns, quick wrist flicks, sensual hip movements, and fast shoulder and torso isolations. Jaipongan is probably the most popular traditional social dance of Sundanese people. It can be performed in solo, groups, or pair. The Tari Merak ( Peafowl Dance )

6164-594: The moratorium adopted since 2013 by the Indonesian government on the creation of new provinces, regencies and cities, so none of these three prospective regencies are shown separately on the map below, nor in the following table. These 9 cities and 18 regencies are listed below with their areas and their populations at the 2010 Census and 2020 Census, together with official estimates as at mid 2023. They are divided into 627 districts ( Kecamatan ) as at 2023, which comprise 663 urban villages ( Kelurahan ) and 5,294 rural villages ( Desa ). The table also includes

6256-467: The name of Orange Hospital become Gunung Jati Hospital. In 2009 in the city of Cirebon has been available about 6 general hospitals , four maternity hospitals, 21 health centers, 15 health centers Maid, 20 Mobile Health Center, and 81 Pharmacies and Drug Stores 31. With the number of medical personnel such as specialist doctors about 94 people, and 116 general practitioners, 37 dentists, 847 nurses, and 278 midwives. Cirebon has sister relationships with

6348-455: The other widely spoken language in the province is Sundanese . In some areas near the southern borders with Central Java , Javanese is also spoken. The main language spoken in Cirebon and nearby areas ( Majalengka , Indramayu , Sumber ) is Cirebonese , a dialect of Javanese with Sundanese influence. Indonesian is widely spoken as a second language. As of 2022 , Islam is the largest religion in West Java, being practiced by 97.34% of

6440-415: The population has been underserved by service water from PDAM Cirebon, the majority of customers in the city's water supply to households (90.37% or as many as 59,006) of the total number of existing connections (65,287). Since the Dutch East Indies government, Cirebon City has had a hospital named Orange, which unveiled its use on August 31, 1921, and commenced operations from September 1, 1921. Currently

6532-444: The population. Minority religions are Christianity with 2,39% ( Protestantism 1.78% and Roman Catholic 0.61%) , Buddhism 0.2%, Hinduism 0.035%, Confucianism 0.025% and Folk religion 0.01% of the population. The Sundanese share the Java island with the Javanese and primarily live in West Java. Although the Sundanese live on the same island as the Javanese, their culture is distinct and likewise consider themselves to live in

6624-699: The poultry field, dairy cow, domestic poultry, and ducks are common commodities in West Java. 2006 data stated that there are 96,796 dairy cows (25% of the national population), 4,249,670 sheep, 28,652,493 domestic poultries, and 5,596,882 ducks (16% of the national population). Now there are only 245,994 beef cattle in West Java (3% national population), whereas the need every year is about 300,000 beef cattle. This province has many plantation crops, such as tea, cloves, coconut, rubber, cacao, tobacco, coffee, sugar, palm and akar wangi ( Chrysopogon zizanioides ). From all those commodities, cloves, coconut, rubber, cocoa, tobacco, and coffee are common in West Java. From area side,

6716-580: The primary way of life of traditional Sundanese people. Since the era of the Dutch East India Company (VOC), West Java has been known as a productive plantation area for coffee, tea, quinine, and many other cash crops. The mountainous region of West Java is also a major producer of vegetables and decorative flowering plants. The landscape of the province is one of volcanic mountains, rugged terrain, forest, mountains, rivers, fertile agricultural land, and natural sea harbours. Flowing through

6808-526: The province is very fertile, with a mix of small farms and larger plantations. There are several hydropower dams, including Jatiluhur , Saguling , Cirata , and Jatigede . Tourism is an important industry in West Java, and the Bandung and Puncak areas have long been known as popular weekend destinations for Jakartans. Today, Bandung has developed into a shopping destination, popular not only among locals, but also with neighbouring Malaysian and Singaporean visitors. The history-rich coastal city of Cirebon

6900-482: The province of West Java was subdivided into four cities ( Kota ) and sixteen regencies ( Kabupaten ), excluding the four regencies which were separated off in 2000 to form the new Banten Province. Subsequently five new independent cities were created between 1996 and 2002 by separation from their surrounding regencies - Bekasi on 16 December 1996, Depok on 27 April 1999, Cimahi and Tasikmalaya on 21 June 2001, and Banjar on 11 December 2002. A 17th regency

6992-579: The province such as the Tarumanagara and Sunda Kingdom are known to have relied on rice taxes and agriculture revenues. The cycle of life of the ancient Sundanese people revolved around the rice crop cycle. Traditional rice harvest festivals such as the Seren Taun were important. The ancient goddess of rice, Nyai Pohaci Sanghyang Asri , is revered in Sundanese culture. Traditionally, Sundanese people often used dry rice cultivation ( ladang ). After

7084-413: The provincial capital, Bandung, is located in the mountainous area in the centre of the province. Banten Province was formerly part of West Java but was created a separate province in 2000. West Java, in the densely populated western third of Java and covering a land area of 37,040.04 km (larger than Guinea-Bissau ), is home to almost one out of every five Indonesians. West Java and Banten provinces, as

7176-475: The regencies of Cirebon , Indramayu , Kuningan and Majalengka to be established as a new province - in the same way as Banten Province was formed by splitting it away from West Java . To be a new province it is required that it should be proposed by at least five regencies. Leaders from four of these administrations have given their consent, but Majalengka Regency has turned down the idea and indicated that it would prefer to stay part of West Java. However,

7268-717: The slopes of Mt Ceremai are popular places for groups from Cirebon to visit during weekends to escape from the hotter climate on the coast. The village of Linggajati, near the town of Cilimus, (where the Linggadjati Agreement was signed) is one such place. Public transportation brings tourists and visitors here. Cirebon residents are now using Kertajati International Airport , serving the Greater Cirebon metropolitan and surrounding area. Cakrabhuwana Airport in Penggung, Harjamukti subdistrict also serves

7360-459: The south. As the new settlement leader, Ki Gedeng Alang-Alang was bestowed with the title "Kuwu Cerbon" (Cerbon village leader). A 15th-century prince from Pajajaran , Prince Walangsungsang, converted to Islam and was appointed as the Adipati (Duke) of Cirebon with the title Cakrabumi . He established the new kingdom of Cirebon and declared independence from Sunda and Galuh. The establishment of

7452-407: The tembang Sunda. Kacapi suling is tembang Sunda minus vocal. Tarawangsa is a genuine popular art is performed on ensemble consists of tarawangsa (a violin with an end pin) and the jentreng (a kind of seven-stringed zither). It is accompanied by a secret dance called Jentreng. The dance is a part of a ritual celebrating the goddess of paddy Dewi Sri. Its ceremonial significance is associated with

7544-520: The ten years to 2010 was 1.9%, but the growth has since slowed and was just 1.1% between 2020 and 2022. Ethnic Groups in West Java West Java is the native homeland of Sundanese people which forms the largest ethnic group in West Java. Since Jakarta and the surrounding area, including West Java, is the business and political centre of Indonesia, the province has attracted various people from other parts of Indonesia. The biggest minority

7636-485: The water flows between the terraces where the princess king preening, page grass green where the knight practice, plus tower and room privileged that door was made of curtain water. The main boulevard is Jalan Siliwangi. It runs from the train station to the canal via the Pasar Pagi ("Morning Market"). Then the street becomes Jalan Karanggetas along which are most of Cirebon's banks, restaurants, and hotels. There are

7728-479: The western parts of the province were in turn split away to form a separate Banten province. Even following these split-offs, West Java is by far the most populous province of Indonesia with a population of 48,274,162 as of the 2020 Census, which grew to 49,860,330 at mid 2023 according to the official estimates; the population continues to grew and surpassed the 50 millions milestone during late 2023. The province's largest cities, Bekasi (a satellite city within

7820-587: The widest plant's width is for corn commodity which reaches 148,505 ha. West Java also produces horticulture consists of 2,938,624 tons vegetables, 3,193,744 tons fruits, and 159,871 tons medicines plants/ bio pharmacology. Forest in West Java covers 764,387.59 ha or 20.62% from the total size of the province. It consists of productive forest 362,980.40 ha (9.79%), protected forest 228,727.11 ha (6.17%), and conservation forest 172,680 ha (4.63%). Mangrove forest reaches 40,129.89 ha, and spread in 10 regencies where coasts are available. Besides, there

7912-408: Was 341,980. As with other coastal cities in Indonesia, a large population of ethnic Chinese has flocked into the city as a result of long-term Chinese immigration since the 17th century. Other communities include Malays, Koreans, Arabs, Indians, Japanese. Significant suburbs lie within densely populated Cirebon Regency , and the official metropolitan area encompasses this entire regency as well as

8004-499: Was 43,053,732 at the 2010 Census and 48,274,162 at the 2020 Census, making it the most populous province of Indonesia, home to 18% of the national total on 1.8% of the country's land. The mid-2022 official estimate was 49,405,808 (comprising 25,067,226 males and 24,338,582 females). Aside from the special district of Jakarta , it is the most densely populated province in the country with an average of 1,364.5 people per km (2020 Census). The average annual population growth rate recorded in

8096-612: Was affiliated to the Demak Sultanate. The war between the Sunda kingdom and the Demak and Cirebon sultanates continued for five years until a peace treaty was made in 1531 between King Surawisesa and Sunan Gunung Jati . From 1567 to 1579, under the last king Raja Mulya, alias Prabu Surya Kencana, the Sunda kingdom declined, under pressure from Sultanate of Banten. After 1576, the kingdom could not maintain control over its capital at Pakuan Pajajaran (present-day Bogor ), and gradually

8188-584: Was also built around this time. One of the earliest known recorded histories in Indonesia is from the former Tarumanagara kingdom, where seven, fourth-century stones are inscribed in Wengi letters (used in the Pallava period) and in Sanskrit describing the kings of the kingdom of Tarumanagara. Records of Tarumanegara lasted until the sixth century, which coincides with the attack of Srivijaya , as stated in

8280-417: Was characterized by processing industry (41.32%), followed by trade, hotels and restaurants (29.8%), transport and communications sector (13.56%), and services sector (6.06%). Other sectors (9.26%) included mining, agriculture, construction, electricity, and gas. Aside from fishery, its harbor, Tanjung Emas, on the Java Sea has been a major hub for timber from Borneo . Cirebon itself is known as Grage in

8372-620: Was formed on 2 January 2007 – West Bandung Regency – from the western half of Bandung Regency, and an 18th regency was formed in October 2012 – Pangandaran Regency – from the southern half of Ciamis Regency. On 25 October 2013, the People's Representative Council (DPR) began reviewing draft laws on the establishment of 57 prospective new regencies (and eight new provinces), including a further three regencies in West Java – South Garut (Garut Selatan), North Sukabumi (Sukabumi Utara) and West Bogor (Bogor Barat) – but no action has followed in view of

8464-432: Was officially declared as a province of Indonesia in 1950, referring to a statement from Staatblad number 378. On 17 October 2000, as part of nationwide political decentralization, Banten was separated from West Java and made into a new province. There have been recent proposals to rename the province Pasundan ("Land of the Sundanese ") after the historical name for West Java. Since the creation of West Java Province,

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