The Taribelang are an Aboriginal Australian people of central Queensland .
100-575: The Taribelang live on 1,800 square miles (4,700 km) of territory around Bundaberg , and inland to near Walla , and north as far as Baffle Creek . Their territory also extended along the lower reaches of the Burrum River . The Taribelang people, also known as the Taribelang Bunda people, are the northern marriage class of the Kabi tribe. Their territory stretches from Baffle Creek in
200-531: A sheep station . Blaxland was a son of the Blue Mountains explorer, Gregory Blaxland , and Forster was later to become a Premier of New South Wales . They selected a very large area of land which encompassed most of the western part of the modern day Bundaberg Region along the Burnett River . They named this pastoral lease Tirroan. Blaxland and Forster had previously set up sheep stations near
300-476: A 24-bed hospital with an operating theatre, chapel, and accommodation for the nurses and maids, officially opening on 28 July 1946. The nurses were initially all nuns, but they established a training school for other women to become nurses. The hospital expanded over the years with additional beds, operating theatres, X-ray, pathology and a dedicated children's ward. It was the first hospital in Queensland to use
400-643: A contaminated diphtheria vaccine . In 1941 the Sisters of Mercy purchased the house Brabourne (originally owned by prominent citizen Frederick Buss) and established St Mary's Hostel, for women and girls working in or visiting Bundaberg. After World War II , doctors were calling for modern hospital facilities in Bundaberg, so the Sisters converted the hostel into the Mater Private Hospital,
500-511: A drifter to steam power. In 1877, he built the first screw propelled steam trawler in the world. Steam trawlers were introduced at Grimsby and Hull in the 1880s. In 1890 it was estimated that there were 20,000 men on the North Sea. The steam drifter was not used in the herring fishery until 1897. The last sailing fishing trawler was built in 1925 in Grimsby. Trawler designs adapted as
600-487: A few families remaining. https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paddy_Island#:~:text=Guided%20by%20a%20'friendly%20gin,toll%20numbered%20in%20the%20hundreds . This Indigenous Australians -related article is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . Bundaberg Bundaberg ( / ˈ b ʌ n d ə b ɜːr ɡ / ) is a city in the Bundaberg Region , Wide Bay, Queensland , Australia, and
700-420: A lack of medical care all contributed to the high death rate. Penalties for the plantation owners whose neglect resulted in these fatalities were rare and did not exceed a £10 fine. Importing South Sea Islander labour was made illegal in 1904 and enforced repatriation of these workers out of Bundaberg and other locations in Queensland occurred from 1906 to 1908. The 1911 Queensland sugar strike occurred after
800-463: A large extent on the local sugar industry. Extensive sugar cane fields have been developed throughout the district. Value-adding operations, such as the milling and refinement of sugar, and its packaging and distribution, are located around the city. A local factory that manufactured sugar-cane harvesters was closed down after it was taken over by the US multinational corporation Case New Holland . Most of
900-474: A major achievement, with the 1911 strike lasting over seven weeks in Bundaberg where the town's economy was largely based on the sugar industry. The end result of the strike was a Commonwealth Royal Commission into the sugar industry in 1911–12, which had been initially requested by Harry Hall, a Bundaberg AWA organiser in 1908 with a petition signed by 1500 Bundaberg sugar workers. The Royal Commission, with ALF Secretary Albert Hinchcliffe as secretary, concluded
1000-530: A major source of food. The British dogger was a very early type of sailing trawler from the 17th century, but the modern fishing trawler was developed in the 19th century, at the English fishing port of Brixham . By the early 19th century, the fishers at Brixham needed to expand their fishing area further than ever before due to the ongoing depletion of stocks that was occurring in the overfished waters of South Devon . The Brixham trawler that evolved there
1100-526: A noteworthy non-stop flight from London to Turin in 1920. The following year in 1921 Hinkler flew from Sydney to Bundaberg, non-stop, in a record breaking flight of 8 and a half hours, in the process beating a telegram he had sent to his mother, to warn her of his arrival. The Bundaberg War Memorial commemorating those who died in the Anglo-Boer War and World War I was unveiled by Major-General Charles Brand on 30 July 1921. The Bundaberg digger
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#17327731487931200-506: A practice considered of form of slavery . The trade was outlawed in 1904, with most South Sea Islanders deported by 1906. Major floods in 1942 and 1954 damaged the river, ending Bundaberg's role as a river port and led to a new port at the mouth of the Burnett river. In the post-war era , Bundaberg continued to grow with its wealth tied to its sugar industry. In 2013, Bundaberg experienced record flooding from Cyclone Oswald , which
1300-496: A recreational fishing boat, so long as a fisher periodically climbs aboard with the intent to catch a fish. Fish are caught for recreational purposes from boats which range from dugout canoes , float tubes , kayaks , rafts , stand up paddleboards, pontoon boats and small dinghies to runabouts , cabin cruisers and cruising yachts to large, hi-tech and luxurious big game rigs. Larger boats, purpose-built with recreational fishing in mind, usually have large, open cockpits at
1400-620: A rich history and culture, along with its humid subtropical climate it is known for its weeping fig trees , dry stone walls , and historic plantations, including the Fairymead Plantation and the Sunnyside Sugar Plantation , the latter of which is the site of a mass grave . Other sites of South Sea Islander cultural significance include Sir Anthony's Rest atop the Bundaberg Hummock and
1500-407: A strong summer maximum and winter minimum. The average temperature in Bundaberg ranges between 11.3 C and 78.7 C. Extreme temperatures ranged from −0.7 °C (30.7 °F) on 16 July 1918 to 40.2 °C (104.4 °F) on 19 December 1901. Increasing population in Bundaberg is extending residential development into rural localities, such as Ashfield . Subtropical Bundaberg is dependent to
1600-498: A tangle – this was called a 'tangle' in Britain, and a 'backlash' in the US. This problem spurred the invention of the regulator to evenly spool the line out and prevent tangling. The American, Charles F. Orvis, designed and distributed a novel reel and fly design in 1874, described by reel historian Jim Brown as the "benchmark of American reel design," and the first fully modern fly reel. Albert Illingworth, 1st Baron Illingworth
1700-504: A textiles magnate, patented the modern form of fixed-spool spinning reel in 1905. When casting Illingworth's reel design, the line was drawn off the leading edge of the spool but was restrained and rewound by a line pickup, a device which orbits around the stationary spool. Because the line did not have to pull against a rotating spool, much lighter lures could be cast than with conventional reels. The development of inexpensive fiberglass rods, synthetic fly lines, and monofilament leaders in
1800-537: A wharf on the northern banks of the Burnett River where Bundaberg North now stands. An official survey of the area was undertaken in 1869 by John Charlton Thompson , assisted by James Ellwood and Alfred Dale Edwards, and the town of Bundaberg was gazetted across the river on the higher, southern banks. The first Bundaberg land sale was held in Maryborough on 11 May 1870 where hotelier John Foley bought
1900-446: A worldwide catch of well over a million tonnes in 1999, with herring and sardines together providing a catch of over 22 million metric tons in 1999. Many other species as well are fished in smaller numbers. Fish farming is the principal form of aquaculture , while other methods may fall under mariculture . It involves raising fish commercially in tanks or enclosures, usually for food. A facility that releases juvenile fish into
2000-464: Is a boat or ship used to catch fish in the sea, or on a lake or river. Many different kinds of vessels are used in commercial , artisanal , and recreational fishing . According to the FAO , in 2004 there were four million commercial fishing vessels. About 1.3 million of these are decked vessels with enclosed areas. Nearly all of these decked vessels are mechanised, and 40,000 of them are over 100 tons. At
2100-942: Is a site to be seen with local flora and fauna, its own cafe, marketplace, chapel, green house, training facilities, woodwork and indigenous nature section. Fishing Fishing is the activity of trying to catch fish . Fish are often caught as wildlife from the natural environment ( fresh water or marine ), but may also be caught from stocked bodies of water such as ponds , canals , park wetlands and reservoirs . Fishing techniques include trawling , longlining , jigging , hand-gathering , spearing , netting , angling , shooting and trapping , as well as more destructive and often illegal techniques such as electrocution , blasting and poisoning . The term fishing broadly includes catching aquatic animals other than fish, such as crustaceans ( shrimp / lobsters / crabs ), shellfish , cephalopods ( octopus / squid ) and echinoderms ( starfish / sea urchins ). The term
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#17327731487932200-600: Is also significant: avocado, banana, bean, button squash, capsicum, chilli, citrus, cucumber, custard apple, egg fruit, honeydew melon, lychee, mango, passionfruit, potato, pumpkin, rockmelon, snow peas, stone fruit, sweet corn, sweet potato, tomato, watermelon, zucchini. Macadamia nuts are also grown. Due to the year-round farm work available in Bundaberg, the city has a high number of working hostels for backpackers looking to extend their working holiday visa in Australia. The hostels provide backpackers with work on farms across
2300-601: Is an ancient practice that dates back to at least the beginning of the Upper Paleolithic period about 40,000 years ago. Isotopic analysis of the remains of Tianyuan man , a 40,000-year-old modern human from eastern Asia, has shown that he regularly consumed freshwater fish. Archaeology features such as shell middens , discarded fish bones, and cave paintings show that seafood was important for survival and consumed in significant quantities. Fishing in Africa
2400-479: Is defined by the FAO as including recreational , subsistence and commercial fishing , and the harvesting, processing , and marketing sectors. The commercial activity is aimed at the delivery of fish and other seafood products for human consumption or use as raw material in other industrial processes. In 2022 24% of fishers and fish farmers and 62% of workers in post-harvest sector were women. There are three principal industry sectors: Commercial fishing
2500-550: Is evident very early on in human history. Neanderthals were fishing by about 200,000 BC. People could have developed basketry for fish traps, using spinning and early forms of knitting to make fishing nets able to catch more fish. During this period, most people lived a hunter-gatherer lifestyle and were, of necessity, constantly on the move. However, where there are early examples of permanent settlements (though not necessarily permanently occupied) such as those at Lepenski Vir , they are almost always associated with fishing as
2600-584: Is fishing from boats to catch large open-water species such as swordfish , tuna , sharks , and marlin . Sportfishing (sometimes game fishing) is recreational fishing where the primary reward is the challenge of finding and catching the fish rather than the culinary or financial value of the fish's flesh. Fish sought after include tarpon , sailfish , mackerel , grouper and many others. The fishing industry includes any industry or activity concerned with taking, culturing, processing, preserving, storing, transporting, marketing or selling fish or fish products. It
2700-424: Is not normally applied to harvesting fish raised in controlled cultivations ( fish farming ). Nor is it normally applied to hunting aquatic mammals , where terms like whaling and sealing are used instead. Fishing has been an important part of human culture since hunter-gatherer times. It is one of the few food production activities that has persisted from prehistory into the modern age , surviving both
2800-560: Is the tenth largest city in the state. It is a major centre of the Wide Bay–Burnett geographical region. The Bundaberg central business district is situated along the southern bank of the Burnett River , about 20 km (12 mi) from its mouth at Burnett Heads , and flows into the Coral Sea . The city is sited on a rich coastal plain , supporting one of the nation's most productive agricultural regions. The area of Bundaberg
2900-512: Is the capture of fish for commercial purposes. Those who practice it must often pursue fish far from the land under adverse conditions. Commercial fishermen harvest a wide range of aquatic species, from tuna , cod and salmon to shrimp , krill , lobster , clams , squid and crab , in various fisheries for these species. Commercial fishing methods have become very efficient using large nets and sea-going processing factories. Individual fishing quotas and international treaties seek to control
3000-555: Is the home of the Taribelang-Bunda , Goreng Goreng , Gurang, and Bailai peoples. Popular nicknames for Bundaberg include "Bundy", "Rum City", and "The 'Berg". The demonym of Bundaberg is Bundabergian. In the 2021 census , Bundaberg's urban area has a population of 73,747 people. The district surveyor, John Thompson Charlton designed the city layout in 1868, which planned for uniform square blocks with wide main streets, and named it ‘Bundaberg’. An early influence on
3100-580: The 2021 census , Bundaberg's urban area has a population of 73,747 people. Bundaberg has a number of heritage-listed sites, including: Bundaberg has a warm humid subtropical climate ( Köppen : Cfa) with hot, wet summers and very mild, dry winters. Mean maximum temperatures are high for most of the year, from 22.3 °C (72.1 °F) in July to 30.4 °C (86.7 °F) in January. Annual rainfall averages around 997.0 millimetres (39.25 in), with
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3200-660: The Bundaberg Rum distillery and attractions at Bundaberg Botanic Gardens , such as the 2 ft narrow gauge Australian Sugar Cane Railway , are also popular with tourists. The Mystery Craters , 35 unexplained water-filled holes in the ground, discovered in 1971 at South Kolan , are also a tourist attraction. Opened in 2002 by the former member for Hinkler Paul Neville , the Tom Quinn Community Centre gardens (a multiple "Bundy in Bloom" winner)
3300-411: The Burnett River . The name was coined by surveyor John Charlton Thompson and his assistant Alfred Dale Edwards. Bunda was derived from the name of one of the kinship groups of the local Taribelang people, and appended with the suffix "berg". Two sources of the suffix have been proposed. It is a Saxon suffix which means "hill". It is also a German word which translates as "mountain", and refers to
3400-508: The Clarence River and had a notable history of conflict with Aboriginal people. Sheep stations imposed on native bushland disrupt native food production, typically resulting in widespread hunger and illness amongst native peoples. Conflict continued at Tirroan when two of their shepherds were killed by Aboriginal people in 1849. Forster and Blaxland led a punitive expedition causing multiple Aboriginal deaths. Further conflict occurred
3500-632: The Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, the total world capture fisheries production in 2000 was 86 million tons (FAO 2002). The top producing countries were, in order, the People's Republic of China (excluding Hong Kong and Taiwan), Peru, Japan, the United States, Chile, Indonesia, Russia, India, Thailand, Norway, and Iceland. Those countries accounted for more than half of
3600-590: The Kabi people to the south of the region. He resided mostly around the Mary River and was referred to as Durrumboi . The Burnett River was surveyed by John Charles Burnett , after whom it was named during his exploration mission of the Wide Bay and Burnett regions in 1847. British occupation of the land in the region began in 1848 when pastoral squatters Gregory Blaxland Jnr and William Forster established
3700-546: The Neolithic Revolution and successive Industrial Revolutions . In addition to fishing for food , people commonly fish as a recreational pastime . Fishing tournaments are held, and caught fish are sometimes kept long-term as preserved or living trophies . When bioblitzes occur, fish are typically caught, identified, and then released . According to the United Nations FAO statistics,
3800-620: The North Burnett . As such, the Bundaberg Regional Council has reflected this recognition in their "First Nations Strategy 2022-2026", and endeavours to celebrate and embrace the region's "local connections to First Nation Peoples and other cultures". The first British man to visit the area was James Davis in the 1830s. He was an escaped convict from the Moreton Bay Penal settlement who lived with
3900-546: The Promisedland mountain bike trails. Bundaberg's coastal areas include Bargara and Mon Repos , Deepwater National Park , and the southernmost reaches of the Great Barrier Reef alongside the islands of Lady Musgrave and Lady Elliot . The city is about 385 kilometres (239 mi) north of the state capital, Brisbane . It is 15 kilometres (9.3 mi) inland from the Coral Sea coast and situated on
4000-515: The Sloping Hummoch , the singular hill rising above the relatively flat region surrounding the Burnett River on which the city is situated. Colloquially, the city is widely known throughout Australia as "Bundy". Residents are referred to by the demonym Bundaberger , and the corresponding adjective is Bundabergian . Bourbong Street is the main street of the city. and there is some controversy in regards to its spelling and meaning. Bourbong
4100-789: The Solomon Islands and the New Hebrides . The Young Brothers owned the Lochiel and the May vessels, the Cran family and Frederic Buss were the major investors in the Helena while the Ariel was co-owned by a number of local planters. While some of the recruitment was voluntary, violence and deception toward Islanders often took place. For example, the crew of the Helena fought a battle with
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4200-807: The South Sea Islander Church . Major cultural institutions include the Hinkler Hall of Aviation and the Bundaberg Regional Art Gallery. The city's culinary culture is highlighted by its annual ' Banquet on the Bridge ', and an iconic rum and gin culture with Bundaberg Rum originating in the city. Bundaberg is a popular tourism destination, the city's hinterland includes the historic towns of Childers and Gin Gin , Lake Monduran , Cania Gorge National Park and
4300-462: The haberdashers store. After the Great Fire of London in 1666, artisans moved to Redditch which became a centre of production of fishing-related products from the 1730s. Onesimus Ustonson established his shop in 1761, and his establishment remained a market leader for the next century. He received a royal warrant from three successive monarchs starting with King George IV . He also invented
4400-574: The multiplying winch . The commercialization of the industry came at a time of expanded interest in fishing as a recreational hobby for members of the aristocracy . The impact of the Industrial Revolution was first felt in the manufacture of fly lines. Instead of anglers twisting their lines – a laborious and time-consuming process – the new textile spinning machines allowed for a variety of tapered lines to be easily manufactured and marketed. British fly fishing continued to develop in
4500-489: The stern , designed for convenient fishing. Traditional fishing is any kind of small scale, commercial or subsistence fishing practices using traditional techniques such as rod and tackle , arrows and harpoons , throw nets and drag nets, etc. Recreational and sport fishing refer to fishing primarily for pleasure or competition. Recreational fishing has conventions, rules, licensing restrictions and laws that limit how fish may be caught; typically, these prohibit
4600-445: The "dole capital of Australia". Tourism is an important industry in Queensland, and Bundaberg is known as the 'Southern Gateway to the Great Barrier Reef '. The city lies near the southern end of the reef in proximity to Lady Elliot and Lady Musgrave Islands . The nearby town of Bargara is an increasingly popular holiday and retirement destination. Nearby beaches are popular with both locals and tourists. Moore Park Beach , to
4700-413: The 19th century, with the emergence of fly fishing clubs, along with the appearance of several books on the subject of fly tying and fly fishing techniques. By the mid to late 19th century, expanding leisure opportunities for the middle and lower classes began to have an effect on fly fishing, which steadily grew in mass appeal. The expansion of the railway network in Britain allowed the less affluent for
4800-920: The AWA demands had been justified. The union victory was a watershed in organised labour in Queensland and Australia. St Joseph's School opened in June 1876. With the passage of the Local Authorities Act 1902 , Barolin Division became the Shire of Barolin and the Borough of Bundaberg became the Town of Bundaberg on 31 March 1903. On 22 November 1913, Bundaberg was proclaimed a City. In 1912 Bundaberg pioneering aviator Bert Hinkler built and successfully flew his own glider on Mon Repos beach. He also completed
4900-555: The Barolin Plains, a lightly timbered grassland that stretched along the coastal fringe. Neither of these areas were suitable for sheep farming but the British soon found that raising cattle was possible. In the early 1860s the first cattle stations in the area were established; Branyan on the south side of the Burnett River and Tantitha on the north side. Timber companies, such as that owned by William Pettigrew , started
5000-536: The Bingera leasehold in the rainforest scrubland downstream from Tirroan. Three towns in the Bundaberg region, Tirroan , South Bingera and Gin Gin , commemorate these massive initial leaseholds. Before colonisation, much of the land around the lower reaches of the Burnett River consisted of either the Woongarra Scrub, a subtropical rainforest that stood where most of the Bundaberg canefields now grow, or
5100-444: The Bundaberg area. However, the hostels and farms have received huge criticism in the press and on social media due to the treatment some backpackers have faced. The Courier-Mail have reported claims of poor living conditions, underpayment and allegations of sexual abuse which they say has led to backpackers warning others about working hostels in Bundaberg. Because of its high rate of unemployment, Bundaberg has been referred to as
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#17327731487935200-457: The Burnett River inundated hundreds of homes. Two years later, in January 2013, Bundaberg experienced its worst flooding in recorded history as a result of Cyclone Oswald . Floodwaters from the Burnett River peaked at 9.53 metres. Over 4,000 properties and 600 businesses had been affected by floodwaters, which moved in excess of 70 kilometres per hour (43 mph). Two defence force Blackhawk helicopters were brought in from Townsville as part of
5300-649: The German fishing fleet. The earliest steam-powered fishing boats first appeared in the 1870s and used the trawl system of fishing as well as lines and drift nets. These were large boats, usually 80–90 feet (24–27 m) in length with a beam of around 20 feet (6 m). They weighed 40–50 tons and travelled at 9–11 knots (17–20 km/h; 10–13 mph). David Allen designed and made the earliest purpose-built fishing vessels in Leith , Scotland in March 1875, when he converted
5400-725: The Zeiss ophthalmic microscope, the first regional hospital in Queensland to have a lymphoedema clinic, and to use facial recognition technology for endoscopic sinus surgery . In the 1960s the township was completely flooded by the Burnett river. In 1967 Bundaberg celebrated its centenary by producing a coin and opening The Bundaberg and District Historical Museum in the Bundaberg Botanical Gardens in Bundaberg North . In December 2010, Bundaberg suffered its worst floods in 60 years, when floodwaters from
5500-595: The assistance of a drone . Why a fish bites a baited hook or lure involves several factors related to the sensory physiology, behaviour, feeding ecology, and biology of the fish as well as the environment and characteristics of the bait/hook/lure. There is an intricate link between various fishing techniques and knowledge about the fish and their behaviour including migration , foraging and habitat . The effective use of fishing techniques often depends on this additional knowledge. Some fishers follow fishing folklores which claim that fish feeding patterns are influenced by
5600-462: The book was added by Walton's friend Charles Cotton . Charles Kirby designed an improved fishing hook in 1655 that remains relatively unchanged to this day. He went on to invent the Kirby bend, a distinctive hook with an offset point, still commonly used today. The 18th century was mainly an era of consolidation of the techniques developed in the previous century. Running rings began to appear along
5700-508: The city's north, has 20 kilometres (12 mi) of golden sandy beach. Beaches on the southern side of the Burnett River are (from north to south) the Oaks Beach, Mon Repos, Nielson Park, Bargara Beach, Kellys Beach, Innes Park and Elliott Heads . Cania Gorge National Park , Deepwater National Park , Eurimbula National Park and Kinkuna National Park , located in the Bundaberg region are popular with campers and bush-lovers. Tours of
5800-549: The country. Modern reel design had begun in England during the latter part of the 18th century, and the predominant model in use was known as the ' Nottingham reel'. The reel was a wide drum that spooled out freely and was ideal for allowing the bait to drift a long way out with the current. Geared multiplying reels never successfully caught on in Britain, but had more success in the United States, where George Snyder of Kentucky modified similar models into his bait-casting reel,
5900-439: The development of Bundaberg came with the 1868 Land Act , which was a famous Queensland via media , that aimed to create a class of Australian yeoman . Large sugarcane plantations were established throughout the 1880s, with industries of sugar mills, refineries, and rum distilleries that delivered prosperity to Bundaberg. These plantations used South Sea Islanders as indentured labourers , many of whom were blackbirded ,
6000-478: The early 1950s revived the popularity of fly fishing. There are many fishing techniques and tactics for catching fish. The term can also be applied to methods for catching other aquatic animals such as molluscs ( shellfish , squid , octopus) and edible marine invertebrates . Fishing techniques include hand gathering , spearfishing , netting , angling , bowfishing and trapping , as well as less common techniques such as gaffing , snagging , clubbing and
6100-477: The evacuation operation, which ultimately used an additional 14 aircraft. On 6 April 2018, Prince Charles visited Bundaberg Rum Distillery He stated, “I'm thrilled that this Distillery's proving to be the one that produces some of the most famous and special of all rums around the world." In 2018, the Australian Bureau of Statistics estimated the population of Bundaberg's significant urban area
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#17327731487936200-486: The first American-made design in 1810. The material used for the rod itself changed from the heavy woods native to England to lighter and more elastic varieties imported from abroad, especially from South America and the West Indies . Bamboo rods became the generally favoured option from the mid-19th century, and several strips of the material were cut from the cane, milled into shape, and then glued together to form
6300-463: The first modern fishing port. The elegant Brixham trawler spread across the world, influencing fishing fleets everywhere. By the end of the 19th century, there were over 3,000 fishing trawlers in commission in Britain, with almost 1,000 at Grimsby. These trawlers were sold to fishers around Europe, including from the Netherlands and Scandinavia . Twelve trawlers went on to form the nucleus of
6400-415: The first time to take weekend trips to the seaside or rivers for fishing. Richer hobbyists ventured further abroad. The large rivers of Norway replete with large stocks of salmon began to attract fishers from England in large numbers in the middle of the century – Jones's guide to Norway, and salmon-fisher's pocket companion , published in 1848, was written by Frederic Tolfrey and was a popular guide to
6500-416: The fishing rods, which gave anglers greater control over the cast line. The rods themselves were also becoming increasingly sophisticated and specialised for different roles. Jointed rods became common from the middle of the century and bamboo came to be used for the top section of the rod, giving it much greater strength and flexibility. The industry also became commercialised – rods and tackle were sold at
6600-427: The following year when Blaxland was clubbed to death. Forster and a number of other squatters conducted another reprisal, resulting in a large massacre of Aboriginal people in scrubland toward the coastal part of Tirroan. In the early 1850s, Forster sold the property to Alfred Henry Brown who changed the name of the pastoral lease to Gin Gin. At the same time, Native Police officer, Richard Purvis Marshall , took up
6700-408: The light, strong, hexagonal rods with a solid core that were superior to anything that preceded them. George Cotton and his predecessors fished their flies with long rods, and light lines allowing the wind to do most of the work of getting the fly to the fish. Tackle design began to improve in the 1880s. The introduction of new woods to the manufacture of fly rods made it possible to cast flies into
6800-495: The locals of Ambrym while taking Islanders from there. These labourers had to work for three years and were only paid at the end of this time period. Instead of cash, they usually received substandard goods and trinkets of minimal value as payment. Excessive mortality of the Islanders while serving their term of labour in the Bundaberg region was frequent. Overwork, poor housing, inadequate food, contaminated water supplies and
6900-568: The logging of the Woongarra Scrub in 1867. In 1868, Samuel Johnston erected a sawmill in Waterview , on the north bank of the Burnett River . The Waterview sawmill became a prominent supplier of timber until its closure in 1903 after being damaged by flood. In 1867, timber-getters and farmers, John and Gavin Steuart, established the Woondooma property which consisted of a few houses and
7000-655: The north to the Burrum River in the south. Originally named Dilbai Derwhain Bonda, the name was altered by European colonizers who struggled with pronunciation. Dilbai refers to the mother moiety or phratry, while Derwhain and Bonda represent the two bloodlines or skins under this marriage class. Tragically, the Taribelang population has dwindled due to a massacre on Paddy's Island in North Bundaberg, leaving only
7100-496: The ocean possible for the first time, resulting in a massive migration of fishers from the ports in the south of England, to villages further north, such as Scarborough , Hull , Grimsby , Harwich and Yarmouth , that were points of access to the large fishing grounds in the Atlantic Ocean . The small village of Grimsby grew to become the largest fishing port in the world by the mid 19th century. An Act of Parliament
7200-462: The original lots. Most of the early settlers exploited the timber and grew maize on their selections but as a result of the incentives of the Sugar and Coffee Regulations of 1864, sugar became a major component in Bundaberg's development from the 1870s. Experimental sugar cane cultivation in the district was first grown at John Charlton Thompson's Rubyanna property in 1870 and the first sugar mill
7300-550: The other extreme, two-thirds (1.8 million) of the undecked boats are traditional craft of various types, powered only by sail and oars. These boats are used by artisan fishers . It is difficult to estimate how many recreational fishing boats there are, although the number is high. The term is fluid since some recreational boats may also be used for fishing from time to time. Unlike most commercial fishing vessels, recreational fishing boats are often not dedicated just to fishing. Just about anything that will stay afloat can be called
7400-399: The phasing out of South Sea Islander labour , with workers claiming that many plantation owners had substituted black indentured labourers (sometimes referred to as slaves) with white ones. Workers sought better accommodation, wages and conditions, including an eight-hour day and a minimum weekly wage of 30 shillings, including food. The mobilisation of unionists from Bundaberg to Mossman was
7500-444: The position of the sun and the moon. Fishing tackles are the equipment used by fishers when fishing. Almost any equipment or gear used for fishing can be called a fishing tackle, although the term is most commonly associated with gear used in angling . Some examples are hooks , lines , sinkers , floats , rods , reels , baits , lures , spears , nets , gaffs , traps , waders , and tackle boxes. Fishing techniques refer to
7600-574: The raw sugar is exported. A bulk terminal for the export of sugar is located on the Burnett River east of Bundaberg. Recent years have seen the reduction of cane farms and in turn increase of Macadamia farms, whoms main market is China. Another of the city's exports is Bundaberg Rum , made from the sugar cane by-product molasses . Bundaberg is also home to beverage producer Bundaberg Brewed Drinks Vintage Soda , Craft Brewery Ballistic Brewing Company and Craft Distillery's Waterview Distillery and Kalki Moon . Commercial fruit and vegetable production
7700-625: The region are the Taribelang , Gooreng Gooreng , Gurang , and Bailai peoples. They are the original inhabitants of the region. A determination of Native Title was made for all four cultural groups by the National Native Title Tribunal , pursuant to the Native Title Act 1993 , on 28 November 2017. It was determined that "native title exists in the entire determination area" of Bundaberg, Gladstone , and
7800-517: The region, Nicholas Tooth , wrote that "Bourbong" was derived from the local Aboriginal phrase "bier rabong", meaning "plenty dead". Tooth, who took up land in the area in the early 1860s, found that Aboriginal people resolutely avoided the "bier rabong" vicinity. He later found the skeletal remains there of around twenty Aboriginal people who were apparently massacred in a raid by the Native Police . The Traditional owner Aboriginal groups in
7900-414: The same techniques. Recreational fishers fish for pleasure, sport, or to provide food for themselves, while commercial fishers fish for profit. Artisanal fishers use traditional, low-tech methods, for survival in third-world countries, and as a cultural heritage in other countries. Usually, recreational fishers use angling methods and commercial fishers use netting methods. A modern development is to fish with
8000-418: The side, rather than over the stern . The first purpose-built stern trawler was Fairtry built in 1953 at Aberdeen , Scotland. The ship was much larger than any other trawlers then in operation and inaugurated the era of the 'super trawler'. As the ship pulled its nets over the stern, it could lift out a much greater haul of up to 60 tons. The ship served as a basis for the expansion of 'super trawlers' around
8100-483: The species and quantities caught. A commercial fishing enterprise may vary from one person with a small boat with hand-casting nets or a few pot traps, to a huge fleet of trawlers processing tons of fish every day. Commercial fishing gear includes weights, nets (e.g. purse seine ), seine nets (e.g. beach seine), trawls (e.g. bottom trawl ), dredges, hooks and line (e.g. long line and handline ), lift nets, gillnets , entangling nets and traps . According to
8200-590: The sugar industry in Bundaberg was reliant on South Sea Islander workers, who were often blackbirded and kept in a status close to slavery. The first significant shipload of Kanaka labour, as it was called, to arrive on the Burnett River came in January 1872 aboard the Petrel . Allegations of kidnapping and wounding immediately arose concerning the recruitment of the Islanders on this vessel. Influential Bundaberg plantation owners were able to purchase recruiting ships in order to obtain labour directly from areas such as
8300-511: The time. Leonard Mascall in 1589 wrote A booke of Fishing with Hooke and Line along with many others he produced in his life on game and wildlife in England at the time. The Compleat Angler was written by Izaak Walton in 1653 (although Walton continued to add to it for a quarter of a century) and described the fishing in the Derbyshire Wye . It was a celebration of the art and spirit of fishing in prose and verse. A second part to
8400-434: The total number of commercial fishers and fish farmers is estimated to be 39.0 million. Fishing industries and aquaculture provide direct and indirect employment to over 500 million people in developing countries . In 2005, the worldwide per capita consumption of fish captured from wild fisheries was 14.4 kilograms (32 lb), with an additional 7.4 kilograms (16 lb) harvested from fish farms . Fishing
8500-410: The use of nets and the catching of fish with hooks not in the mouth. The most common form of recreational fishing is done with a rod , reel , line , hooks and any one of a wide range of baits or lures such as artificial flies . The practice of catching or attempting to catch fish with a hook is generally known as angling . In angling, it is sometimes expected or required that fish be returned to
8600-552: The use of specially trained animals such as cormorants and otters . There are also destructive fishing techniques (such as electrocution , blasting and poisoning ) that can do irreversible damage to the local ecosystems by killing/ sterilizing entire fish stocks , habitat destruction and/or upsetting the equilibrium of interspecific competitions , and such practices are often deemed illegal and liable to criminal punishments . Recreational , commercial and artisanal fishers use different techniques, and also, sometimes,
8700-516: The water ( catch and release ). Recreational or sport fishermen may log their catches or participate in fishing competitions. The estimated global number of recreational fishers varies from 220 million to a maximum number of 700 million fishers globally, which is thought to be double the number of individuals working as commercial fishers. In the United States alone it was estimated that 50.1 million people engaged in fishing activities in both saltwater and freshwater environments. Big-game fishing
8800-420: The way they were powered changed from sail to coal-fired steam by World War I to diesel and turbines by the end of World War II . In 1931, the first powered drum was created by Laurie Jarelainen. The drum was a circular device that was set to the side of the boat and would draw in the nets. Since World War II , radio navigation aids and fish finders have been widely used. The first trawlers fished over
8900-430: The ways the tackles are used when fishing. Tackles that are attached to the end of a fishing line are collectively called terminal tackles . These include hooks, sinkers, floats, leader lines, swivels , split rings, and any wires, snaps, beads, spoons, blades, spinners and clevises used to attach spinner blades to fishing lures. People also tend to use dead or live bait fish as another form of bait . A fishing vessel
9000-424: The wind on silk lines, instead of horse hair . These lines allowed for a much greater casting distance. However, these early fly lines proved troublesome as they had to be coated with various dressings to make them float and needed to be taken off the reel and dried every four hours or so to prevent them from becoming waterlogged. Another negative consequence was that it became easy for the much longer line to get into
9100-551: The world in the following decades. The early evolution of fishing as recreation is not clear. For example, there is anecdotal evidence for fly fishing in Japan. However, fly fishing was likely to have been a means of survival, rather than recreation. The earliest English essay on recreational fishing was published in 1496, by Dame Juliana Berners , the prioress of the Benedictine Sopwell Nunnery . The essay
9200-433: The world's production; China alone accounted for a third of the world's production. Of that production, over 90% was marine and less than 10% was inland. A small number of species support the majority of the world's fisheries. Some of these species are herring , cod , sardine , anchovy , tuna , flounder , mullet , squid , shrimp , salmon , crab, lobster , oyster and scallops . All except these last four provided
9300-699: Was 70,921 people. In the 2016 census , the city of Bundaberg had a population of 50,148 people. In the 2016 Census, there were 69,069 people in Bundaberg (Significant Urban Area). Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people made up 4.3% of the population. 81.2% of people were born in Australia. The next most common countries of birth were England 3.2%, New Zealand 1.8%, Philippines 0.7%, South Africa 0.5% and Scotland 0.4%. 88.9% of people spoke only English at home. Other languages spoken at home included Mandarin 0.5%, Italian 0.4%, German 0.3%, Afrikaans 0.2% and Tagalog 0.2%. The most common responses for religion were No Religion 26.3%, Catholic 18.7% and Anglican 18.6%. In
9400-484: Was alternatively spelled Bourbon or Boorbong, which was a local Aboriginal title given to a large waterhole in the area. The main street was historically also gazetted in the Bundaberg Mail as "Bourbon" street, but by 1941 there is no reference to "Bourbon" street. Robert Strathdee's farming selection in the vicinity of the watering holes was recorded on early survey maps as 'Boorbung'. A pioneer pastoralist of
9500-596: Was built by Richard Elliot Palmer at his Millbank plantation in 1872. Bundaberg rapidly became an important sugar production region after the construction of the Millaquin Sugar Refinery at East Bundaberg by Robert Cran and his sons in 1882. The Fairymead sugar processing plant owned by the Young Brothers (Arthur, Horace and Ernest Young) opened in 1884 which further augmented Bundaberg's sugar producing capacity. The initial 35 years of
9600-661: Was first obtained in 1796, which authorised the construction of new quays and dredging of the Haven to make it deeper. It was only in 1846, with the tremendous expansion in the fishing industry , that the Grimsby Dock Company was formed. The foundation stone for the Royal Dock was laid by Albert the Prince consort in 1849. The dock covered 25 acres (10 ha) and was formally opened by Queen Victoria in 1854 as
9700-419: Was imported from Italy and is constructed of Italian marble. The completed memorial, at a cost of £1,650, was the third most costly to be erected in Queensland. It is a major regional memorial and one of the two most intact digger memorials that remain in their original settings of intersections. The Bundaberg tragedy of 1928 resulted in the deaths of 12 children in a 24-hour period after they were administered
9800-408: Was of a sleek build and had a tall gaff rig , which gave the vessel sufficient speed to make long-distance trips out to the fishing grounds in the ocean. They were also sufficiently robust to be able to tow large trawls in deep water. The great trawling fleet that built up at Brixham earned the village the title of 'Mother of Deep-Sea Fisheries'. This revolutionary design made large-scale trawling in
9900-519: Was the worst disaster in the city's history. The economy of Bundaberg is based primarily on agriculture , forestry , fishing and tourism, with a gross regional product at about $ 5.6 billion as of 2023. Bundaberg also has a major distillery and brewery industry that exports to international markets. The city is served by the Port of Bundaberg and the Bundaberg Airport . Bundaberg has
10000-467: Was titled Treatyse of Fysshynge wyth an Angle , and included detailed information on fishing waters, the construction of rods and lines, and the use of natural baits and artificial flies. Recreational fishing took a great leap forward after the English Civil War , where a newly found interest in the activity left its mark on the many books and treatises that were written on the subject at
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