TechShop was a chain of membership-based, open-access, do-it-yourself (DIY) workshops and fabrication studios. As of 2017 they had ten locations in the United States, as well as four international locations.
84-474: TechShop offered safety and basic use training on all of its tools and equipment in addition to advanced and special interest classes and workshops. For most equipment, a safety and use class had to be completed before it could be used. It was affiliated with the maker culture and participated in annual Maker Faire events. On November 15, 2017, with no warning, the company closed all domestic locations and announced it would declare bankruptcy under Chapter 7 of
168-518: A dropper , funnel , and aluminum foil or wrapping paper . The concept of homemade and experimental instruments in music has its roots prior to the maker movement, from complicated experiments with figures such as Reed Ghazala and Michel Waisvisz pioneering early circuit bending techniques to simple projects such as the Cigar Box Guitar . Bart Hopkin published the magazine Experimental Musical Instruments for 15 years followed by
252-611: A flash memory manufacturing joint venture with AMD , Spansion . As part of the transaction, AMD contributed its flash memory group, Fab 25 in Texas, its R&D facilities and assembly plants in Thailand, Malaysia and China; Fujitsu provided its Flash memory business division and the Malaysian Fujitsu Microelectronics final assembly and test operations. From February 1989 until mid-1997, Fujitsu built
336-487: A "component car", is an automobile that is available as a set of parts that a manufacturer sells and the buyer himself then assembles into a functioning car. Car tuning can include electric vehicle conversion . Motorcycle making and conversions are also represented. As examples: Tinker Bike is an open source motorcycle kit adaptable to recycled components; NightShift Bikes is a small, Makerist project in custom, DIY electric motorcycle conversions. Bicycles , too, have
420-634: A $ 48 million deal, just weeks after purchasing the Telstra subsidiary Kaz for $ 200 million. Concerning of net loss forecast that amounted to 95 billion yen in the year ending March 2013, in February 2013 Fujitsu announced the cutting of 5,000 jobs of which 3,000 jobs in Japan and the rest overseas from its 170,000 employees. Fujitsu also merged its Large-scale integration chip designing business with that of Panasonic Corporation , resulting in
504-559: A DIY, Maker-style community. Zenga Bros ' Tall Bikes are one example. Community bike workshops are a specific type of makerspaces . MAKE (a magazine published since 2004 by O'Reilly Media ), is considered a "central organ of the Maker Movement," and its founder, Dale Dougherty , is widely considered the founder of the Movement. Other media outlets associated with the movement include Wamungo , Hackaday , Makery , and
588-557: A capacity to house 1,200 employees, in an investment of US$ 10 million. In October 2007, Fujitsu's Australia and New Zealand subsidiary acquired Infinity Solutions Ltd, a New ZealandVirtuora–based IT hardware, services and consultancy company, for an undisclosed amount. In January 2009, Fujitsu reached an agreement to sell its HDD business to Toshiba . Transfer of the business was completed on October 1. 2009. In March 2009, Fujitsu announced that it had decided to convert FDK Corporation, at that time an equity-method affiliate, to
672-557: A capital of JP¥5 billion. The current CEO is Hirotaka Hara. In 2012, Fujitsu announced that it had developed new technology for non-3D camera phones. The technology will allow the camera phones to take 3D photos. Fujitsu Electronics Europe GmbH entered the market as a global distributor on January 1, 2016. Fujitsu Consulting is the consulting and services arm of the Fujitsu group, providing information technology consulting , implementation and management services. Fujitsu Consulting
756-558: A consolidated subsidiary from May 1, 2009 (tentative schedule) by subscribing to a private placement to increase FDK's capital. On April 1, 2009, Fujitsu agreed to acquire Siemens' stake in Fujitsu Siemens Computers for approximately EUR450m. Fujitsu Siemens Computers was subsequently renamed Fujitsu Technology Solutions . In April 2009, Fujitsu acquired Australian software company Supply Chain Consulting for
840-403: A cut-and-paste approach to standardized hobbyist technologies , and encourages cookbook re-use of designs published on websites and maker-oriented publications. There is a strong focus on using and learning practical skills and applying them to reference designs. There is also growing work on equity and the maker culture . Maker culture emphasizes learning-through-doing ( active learning ) in
924-554: A division of the company in India, resulting from an acquisition of North America–based company, Rapidigm. It has offshore divisions at Noida , Pune , Hyderabad , Chennai and Bangalore with Pune being the head office. Fujitsu Consulting India launched its second $ 10 million development center at Noida in October 2007, a year after starting operation in the country. Following the expansion plan, Fujitsu Consulting India launched
SECTION 10
#17327978928081008-493: A full-fledged industry based on the growing number of DIYers who want to build something rather than buy it. Spurred primarily by the advent of RepRap 3D printing for the fabrication of prototypes , declining cost and broad adoption have opened up new realms of innovation . As it has become cost-effective to make just one item for prototyping (or a small number of household items), this approach can be depicted as personal fabrication for "a market of one person". The rise of
1092-679: A joint venture called Kainos , a privately held software company based in Belfast , Northern Ireland. In 1990, Fujitsu acquired 80% of the UK-based computer company ICL for $ 1.29 billion. In September 1990, Fujitsu announced the launch of a new series of mainframe computers which were at that time the fastest in the world. In July 1991, Fujitsu acquired more than half of the Russian company KME-CS (Kazan Manufacturing Enterprise of Computer Systems). In 1992, Fujitsu announced plans to build
1176-565: A joint-venture plant in Punjab , India, to produce telephone switchboards. Fujitsu owned 51 percent of the joint venture, with the remaining 49 percent owned by Punjab's state-run electronics company. Dr. Sushil Kumar Mangal, who was at the time the managing director of the Punjab State Electronics Corporation, was appointed Chairman of Fujitsu India Telecom Ltd. This INR 116-crore project was set up by Fujitsu for
1260-426: A negative response to disposables , globalised mass production , the power of chain stores , multinationals and consumerism . In reaction to the rise of maker culture, Barack Obama pledged to open several national research and development facilities to the public. In addition the U.S. federal government renamed one of their national centers "America Makes". The methods of digital fabrication —previously
1344-580: A new owner, Dan Rasure. Former TechShop members continued to use the reopened shop, but TechShop immediately filed suit for trade name infringement. A second location was opened in San Jose. With the help of the city of Chandler, users created their own space called Gangplank. As of 2023 Gangplank continues to operate. In 2018, former members and staff of the Pittsburgh TechShop founded Protohaven. In April 2019, former members and staff of
1428-527: A new suite of layered products to advance software-defined networking (SDN) for carriers, service providers and cloud builders. Virtuora NC, based on open standards, is described by Fujitsu as "a suite of standards-based, multi-layered, multi-vendor network automation and virtualization products" that "has been hands-on hardened by some of the largest global service providers." In 2019, Fujitsu started to deliver 5G telecommunications equipment to NTT Docomo , along with NEC . In March 2020, Fujitsu announced
1512-559: A partnership between Ford and software company Autodesk , and was the largest TechShop facility. TechShop Austin-Round Rock, serving the metro Austin (Texas) area, opened on October 13, 2012. It was located adjacent to a Lowe's home improvement store and partnered with the chain to host workshops, supply tools, and provide materials. TechShop opened a location in Chandler, Arizona, in partnership with Arizona State University on January 17, 2014. The first university-TechShop partnering
1596-639: A resident of Atherton, California, was upset by the loss of American manufacturing capability to other countries. After a highly successful donation drive, the first TechShop officially opened to the public on October 1, 2006 in Menlo Park, California. TechShop had over 9,000 active members and trained over 100,000 people through their skill building classes and STEAM youth programs. While it was still in business, TechShop attempted to expand widely, by opening new shops in different cities. The day before they closed, their website showed they operated in 10 cities in
1680-468: A series of books about instrument building. Organizations such as Zvex , WORM , STEIM , Death by Audio , and Casper Electronics cater to the do-it-yourself audience, while musicians like Nicolas Collins and Yuri Landman create and perform with custom made and experimental instruments. While still living at home Hugh Le Caine began a lifelong interest in electronic music and sound generation. In 1937, he designed an electronic free reed organ, and in
1764-509: A social environment. Maker culture emphasizes informal, networked, peer-led, and shared learning motivated by fun and self-fulfillment. Maker culture encourages novel applications of technologies, and the exploration of intersections between traditionally separate domains and ways of working including metalworking, calligraphy, filmmaking, and computer programming. Community interaction and knowledge sharing are often mediated through networked technologies, with websites and social media tools forming
SECTION 20
#17327978928081848-577: A systems implementation company with around 140 employees which specialized in SAP . In August 2007, Fujitsu signed a £500 million, 10-year deal with Reuters Group under which Reuters outsourced the majority of its internal IT department to Fujitsu. As part of the agreement around 300 Reuters staff and 200 contractors transferred to Fujitsu. In October 2007, Fujitsu announced that it would be establishing an offshore development centre in Noida , India with
1932-545: A wholly owned subsidiary Fujitsu General (India) Pvt Ltd, which was earlier known as ETA General. PFU Limited , headquartered in Ishikawa , Japan is a wholly owned subsidiary of Fujitsu Limited. PFU Limited was established in 1960, has approximately 4,600 employees globally and in 2013 turned over 126.4 billion Yen (US$ 1.2 Billion). PFU manufactures interactive kiosks, keyboards, network security hardware, embedded computers and imaging products (document scanners) all under
2016-644: A wholly owned subsidiary of Fujitsu Ltd., is a discrete manufacturing enterprise resource planning software vendor based in El Segundo, California, with international operations in the Netherlands, Japan and the United Kingdom. The company offers on-premise and cloud-based ERP manufacturing software under the Glovia G2 brand, and software as a service (SaaS) under the brand Glovia OM. The company
2100-571: A wholly owned subsidiary, in November 2017, FCCL was spun off into a joint venture with Lenovo and Development Bank of Japan (DBJ). The new company retains the same name, and Fujitsu is still responsible for sales and support of the products; however, Lenovo owns a majority stake at 51%, while Fujitsu retains 44%. The remaining 5% stake is held by DBJ. Fujitsu Network Communications, Inc. , headquartered in Richardson, Texas , United States,
2184-558: Is a wholly owned subsidiary of Fujitsu Limited. Established in 1996, Fujitsu Network Communications specializes in building, operating, and supporting optical and wireless broadband and telecommunications networks . The company's customers include telecommunications service providers, internet service providers, cable companies, utilities, and municipalities. Fujitsu Network Communications provides network management and design tools. The company also builds networks that comply with various next-generation technologies and initiatives, including
2268-461: Is designed to check whether the subject completes the proper hand washing procedure based on the guidelines issued by the WHO . In September 2020, Fujitsu introduced software-defined storage technology that incorporates Qumulo hybrid cloud file storage software to enable enterprises to unify petabytes of unstructured data from disparate locations, across multiple data centers and the cloud. This
2352-722: Is expected to support various types of storages, including NVMe SSDs, HDDs and flash-drives. In 2024, Fujitsu relocated its headquarters from Shiodome City Center in Minato, Tokyo , to Kawasaki, Kanagawa . The company relocated its administration department to its Kawasaki plant in Nakahara-ku , its sales department to an office building in Saiwaiku-ku , and its system development department to an office building in Ōta, Tokyo . Fujitsu Laboratories, Fujitsu's Research and Development division, has approximately 900 employees and
2436-407: Is that maker culture is unnecessarily fascinated with technology, and that projects are improved when they work to critically consider social concerns - borrowing from the more established disciplines of industrial design and media art practice. Others criticize the maker movement as not even being a movement, and posit that fundamental hypocrisy extends to limit the scope and impact of every aspect of
2520-1044: The Arduino , Raspberry Pi , BeagleBone Black , and Intel's Galileo and Edison , many of which are open source, are easy to program and connect to devices such as sensors, displays, and actuators. This lowers the barrier to entry for hardware development. Combined with the cloud, this technology enables the Internet of Things . Desktop 3D printing is now possible in various plastics and metals. In combination with DIY open-source microelectronics, they can create autoreplicant 3d printers, such as RepRap . Digital fabrication also includes various subtractive fabrication tech, eg. laser cutting , CNC milling , and knitting machines . To create one's own designs for digital fabrication requires digital design tools, like Solidworks , Autodesk , and Rhinoceros 3D . More recently, less expensive or easier to use software has emerged. Free, open-source software such as FreeCAD can be extremely useful in
2604-551: The Clavivox . John Simonton founded PAiA Electronics in Oklahoma City in 1967 and began offering various small electronics kits through mail order . Starting in 1972 PAiA began producing analog synthesizer kits, in both modular and all-in-one form. Makers can also make or fabricate their own tools. This includes knives , hand tools , lathes , 3-D printers , wood working tools, etc. A kit car , also known as
TechShop - Misplaced Pages Continue
2688-771: The FM Towns PC variant. It started as a proprietary PC variant intended for multimedia applications and computer games, but later became more compatible with regular PCs. In 1993, the FM Towns Marty was released, a gaming console compatible with the FM Towns games. Fujitsu agreed to acquire the 58 percent of Amdahl Corporation (including the Canada-based DMR consulting group) that it did not already own for around $ 850 million in July 1997. In April 1997,
2772-673: The Nikkei 225 and TOPIX 100 indices. Fujitsu was established on June 20, 1935, which makes it one of the oldest operating IT companies after IBM and before Hewlett-Packard , under the name Fuji Telecommunications Equipment Manufacturing ( 富士電気通信機器製造 , Fuji Denki Tsūshin Kiki Seizō ) , as a spin-off of the Fuji Electric Company , itself a joint venture between the Furukawa Electric Company and
2856-979: The Telecom Infra Project . Fujitsu's computing product lines include: Fujitsu has more than 35 years experience in database development and is a “major contributor” to open source Postgres. Fujitsu engineers have also developed an Enterprise Postgres version called Fujitsu Enterprise Postgres. Fujitsu Enterprise Postgres benefits include Enterprise Support; warranted code; High Availability enhancements; security enhancements (end to end transparent data encryption, data masking, auditing); Performance enhancements (In-Memory Columnar Index provides support for HTAP (Hybrid transactional/analytical processing) workloads); High-speed Backup and Recovery; High-speed data load; Global metacache (improved memory management); Oracle compatibility extensions (to assist migration from Oracle to Postgres). Fujitsu Enterprise Postgres can be deployed on X86 (Linux, Windows), IBM z/IBM LinuxONE; it
2940-617: The "Movement." Fujitsu Fujitsu Limited ( 富士通株式会社 , Fujitsū kabushiki gaisha ) is a Japanese multinational information and communications technology equipment and services corporation, established in 1935 and headquartered in Kawasaki, Kanagawa . It is the world's sixth-largest IT services provider by annual revenue, and the largest in Japan, in 2021. The hardware offerings from Fujitsu are mainly of personal and enterprise computing products, including x86 , SPARC and mainframe compatible server products, although
3024-535: The British Commonwealth of countries as well as in both western and eastern Europe; and CCL's direct marketing staff in Canada, USA, London (UK) and Frankfurt. Mers Kutt, inventor of Key-Edit and founder of CCL, was the common thread that led to Fujitsu's later association with ICL and Gene Amdahl . In 1986, Fujitsu and The Queen's University of Belfast business incubation unit (QUBIS Ltd) established
3108-766: The German conglomerate Siemens which had been founded in 1923. Despite its connections to the Furukawa zaibatsu , Fujitsu escaped the Allied occupation of Japan after the Second World War mostly unscathed. In 1954, Fujitsu manufactured Japan's first computer, the FACOM 100 mainframe , and in 1961 launched its second generation computers (transistorized) the FACOM 222 mainframe. The 1968 FACOM230 "5" Series marked
3192-728: The Maker Faire model, similar events which don't use the Maker Faire brand have emerged around the world. A Maker Film Festival was announced for August 2014 Powerhouse Science Center in Durango, Colorado, featuring "Films About Makers, and Makers Making Movies." The Maker movement galvanized in response to the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic , with participants initially directing their skills toward designing Open Source ventilators. They subsequently targeted production of Personal protective equipment (PPE) . Disruption of supply chains
3276-565: The PFU or Fujitsu brand. In addition to hardware PFU also produce desktop and enterprise document capture software and document management software products. PFU has overseas Sales & Marketing offices in Germany (PFU Imaging Solutions Europe Limited), Italy (PFU Imaging Solutions Europe Limited), United Kingdom (PFU Imaging Solutions Europe Limited) and United States of America (Fujitsu Computer Products of America Inc). PFU Limited are responsible for
3360-565: The Redwood City and San Jose locations opened Maker Nexus in Sunnyvale, California as a non-profit makerspace. 37°29′00″N 122°10′41″W / 37.48324°N 122.17798°W / 37.48324; -122.17798 Maker culture The maker culture is a contemporary subculture representing a technology-based extension of DIY culture that intersects with hardware -oriented parts of hacker culture and revels in
3444-472: The U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs, National Instruments , and DARPA . The sudden and unexpected closure of TechShop created a crisis for many small businesses and hobbyists who depended upon TechShop for the unique services it offered. In the scramble that followed, several alternatives were sought out or founded. For a while, TechShop in San Francisco reopened under the name "TheShop.build" by
TechShop - Misplaced Pages Continue
3528-430: The U.S. bankruptcy code (immediate liquidation). An effort to purchase the company's assets and reopen the workshops fell through; however, the San Francisco location was reopened by a new owner on February 19, 2018. The original TechShop filed for bankruptcy a few days later, on February 26, 2018. Due to the continuing costs of litigation, the successor to TechShop also shut down in 2020. Many other maker spaces all over
3612-1004: The United Kingdom. Said movements used distributed manufacturing methods; some cooperated with local government entities, local police and the national military to help locate supply shortages and manage distribution. Total production figures sides the maker community exceeded 48.3 million units produced, totaling a market value of about $ 271 million. The most-produced items included face shields (25 million), medical gowns (8 million) and face masks (6 million). The primary modes of production utilized were familiar tools like 3D printing , laser cutting or sewing machines , but multiple maker organizations scaled their production output by pooling funds to afford high-output methods like die cutting or injection molding . The maker movement has at times been criticized for not fulfilling its goals of inclusivity and democratization. Evgeny Morozov 's Making It in The New Yorker , challenging
3696-719: The United States, with Brooklyn New York as the newest. At one time or another they operated in: TechShop opened in Tokyo in 2015 and closed in February 2020. On November 15, 2017, with no formal warning, TechShop announced its immediate closure and planned Chapter 7 bankruptcy . The news instantly traveled as far as France. TechShop's locations outside of the United States are not affected and will remain open. TechShop filed bankruptcy on February 26, 2018. A group headed by Dan Rasure of Kansas announced in December 2017 that it
3780-462: The bankrupt Techshop indicated they will appeal the zero jury verdict. On March 9, 2020, Federal Judge Haywood S. Gilliam, Jr. denied several plaintiff motions, including a request for a new trial. No more court filings occurred since March 17, 2020. A location in Metro Detroit opened on May 4, 2012 in a 38,000-square-foot facility in the suburb of Allen Park . This facility was launched in
3864-409: The basis of knowledge repositories and a central channel for information sharing and exchange of ideas, and focused through social meetings in shared spaces such as hackerspaces . Maker culture has attracted the interest of educators concerned about students’ disengagement from STEM subjects (science, technology, engineering and mathematics) in formal educational settings. Maker culture is seen as having
3948-430: The beginning of its third generation computers . Fujitsu offered mainframe computers from 1955 until at least 2002 Fujitsu's computer products have also included minicomputers, small business computers, servers and personal computers ( FM-8 , FM-7 , FM-Towns , etc.). In 1955, Fujitsu founded Kawasaki Frontale as a company football club; Kawasaki Frontale has been a J. League football club since 1999. In 1967,
4032-492: The cloud) and licensing agreements. Some example of cloud-based tools include online project repositories like Appropedia and thingiverse , version-controlled collaborative platforms like GitHub and wevolver, knowledge sharing platforms like instructables , HowToMake, wikipedia and other Wikis , including WikiHow and wikifab and platforms for distributed manufacturing like shapeways and 100k garages . Programmable microcontrollers and single-board computers like
4116-516: The company acquired a 30 percent stake in GLOVIA International, Inc., an El Segundo, Calif., manufacturing ERP software provider whose software it had begun integrating into its electronics plants starting in 1994. In June 1999, Fujitsu's historical connection with Siemens was revived, when the two companies agreed to merge their European computer operations into a new 50:50 joint venture called Fujitsu Siemens Computers , which became
4200-675: The company's name was officially changed to the contraction Fujitsū ( 富士通 ) . Since 1985, the company also fields a company American football team, the Fujitsu Frontiers , who play in the corporate X-League , appeared in 7 Japan X Bowls , winning two, and won two Rice Bowls . In 1971, Fujitsu signed an OEM agreement with the Canadian company Consolidated Computers Limited (CCL) to distribute CCL's data entry product, Key-Edit. Fujitsu joined both International Computers Limited (ICL) which earlier began marketing Key-Edit in
4284-478: The corporation and its subsidiaries also offer a diversity of products and services in the areas of data storage , telecommunications , advanced microelectronics , and air conditioning . It has approximately 124,000 employees supporting customers from over 50 countries and regions. Fujitsu is listed on the Tokyo Stock Exchange and Nagoya Stock Exchange ; its Tokyo listing is a constituent of
SECTION 50
#17327978928084368-524: The creation of a subsidiary, later named Fujitsu Japan, that will enable the company to expand its business in the Japanese IT services market. In June 2020, Fugaku , co-developed with the RIKEN research institute, was declared the most powerful supercomputer in the world. The performance capability of Fugaku is 415.53 PFLOPS with a theoretical peak of 513.86 PFLOPS. It is three times faster than of
4452-482: The creation of new devices as well as tinkering with existing ones. The maker culture in general supports open-source hardware . Typical interests enjoyed by the maker culture include engineering-oriented pursuits such as electronics , robotics , 3-D printing , and the use of computer numeric control tools, as well as more traditional activities such as metalworking , woodworking , and, mainly, its predecessor, traditional arts and crafts . The subculture stresses
4536-518: The design process. Autodesk's Fusion 360 is free for start ups and individuals, and Onshape and Tinkercad are browser-based digital design software. Online project repositories make many parts available for digital fabrication—even for people who are unable to do their own design work. Opendesk is one example of a company which has made a business by designing and hosting projects for distributed digital fabrication. Patreon and Kickstarter are two examples of distributed funding platforms key to
4620-401: The design, development, manufacture, sales and support of document scanners which are sold under the Fujitsu brand. Fujitsu are market leaders in professional document scanners with their fi-series, Scansnap and ScanPartner product families as well as Paperstream IP, Paperstream Capture, ScanSnap Manager, ScanSnap Home, Cardminder, Magic Desktop and Rack2Filer software products. Fujitsu Glovia,
4704-551: The establishment of Socionext . In 2014, after severe losses, Fujitsu spun off its LSI chip manufacturing division as well, as Mie Fujitsu semiconductor, which was later bought in 2018 by United Semiconductor Japan Co., Ltd., wholly owned by United Microelectronics Corporation . In 2015, Fujitsu celebrated 80 years since establishment at a time when its IT business embarked upon the Fujitsu 2015 World Tour which has included 15 major cities globally and been visited by over 10,000 IT professionals with Fujitsu presenting its take on
4788-418: The exclusive domain of institutions—have made making on a personal scale accessible, following a logical and economic progression similar to the transition from minicomputers to personal computers in the microcomputer revolution of the 1970s. In 2005, Dale Dougherty launched Make magazine to serve the growing community, followed by the launch of Maker Faire in 2006. The term, coined by Dougherty, grew into
4872-613: The first of which (SpaceShop Rapid Prototyping Lab) resides at NASA Ames Research Center . In Europe the popularity of the labs is more prominent than in the US: about three times more labs exist there. Outside Europe and the US, the maker culture is also on the rise, with several hacker or makerspaces being landmarks in their respective cities' entrepreneurial and educational landscape. More precisely: HackerspaceSG in Singapore has been set up by
4956-705: The fourth development center in Bengaluru in Nov 2011. Fujitsu Ltd. has a 42% shareholding in Fujitsu General [ ja ] , which manufactures and markets various air conditioning units and humidity control solutions under the General & Fujitsu brands. In India, The company has ended its long-standing joint venture agreement with the Dubai-based ETA group and henceforth will operate under
5040-537: The future of Hyper Connectivity and Human Centric Computing. In April 2015 GLOVIA International is renamed FUJITSU GLOVIA, Inc. In November 2015, Fujitsu Limited and VMware announced new areas of collaboration to empower customers with flexible and secure cloud technologies. It also acquired USharesoft which provides enterprise-class application delivery software for automating the build, migration and governance of applications in multi-cloud environments. In January 2016, Fujitsu Network Communications Inc. announced
5124-471: The future". Cloud computing describes a family of tools in service of the maker movement, enabling increased collaboration, digital workflow, distributed manufacturing (i.e. the download of files that translate directly into objects via a digitized manufacturing process) and sharing economy . This, combined with the open source movement, initially focused on software, has been expanding into open-source hardware , assisted by easy access to online plans (in
SECTION 60
#17327978928085208-764: The major types. This involves making scientific instruments for citizen science or open source labs . With the advent of low-cost digital manufacturing it is becoming increasingly common for scientists as well as amateurs to fabricate their own scientific apparatuses from open source hardware designs. Docubricks is a repository of open source science hardware. Examples of maker culture in food production include baking , homebrewing , winemaking , home roasting coffee , vegoil , pickling , sausage , cheesemaking , yogurt and pastry production. This can also extend into urban agriculture , composting and synthetic biology . Like many other craft objects, also clothing has traditionally been made at home. But within
5292-522: The maker culture is closely associated with the rise of hackerspaces , fablabs and other "makerspaces", of which there are now many around the world, including over 100 each in Germany and the United States. Hackerspaces allow like-minded individuals to share ideas, tools, and skillsets. Some notable hackerspaces which have been linked with the maker culture include Artisan's Asylum , Dallas Makerspace, Noisebridge , NYC Resistor , Pumping Station: One, and TechShop . In addition, those who identify with
5376-791: The maker culture, also clothes has seen a resurgence. Clothes can include sew and no-sew DIY hacks, and pattern-sharing magazines and platforms, such as Burda Style . Especially the open source element has been picked up by a new generation of makers, creating open patterns and platforms for sharing patterns, sewing methods and construction techniques. Hacking has also been a popular reference to DIY clothing and up cycling. Clothing can also include knitted or crocheted clothing and accessories. Some knitters may use knitting machines with varying degrees of automatic patterning. Fully electronic knitting machines can be interfaced to computers running computer-aided design software. Arduino boards have been interfaced to electronic knitting machines to further automate
5460-407: The maker movement. Maker culture is not all about new, digital technologies. Traditional and analog tools remain crucial to the movement. Traditional tools are often more familiar and accessible, which is key to maker culture. In many places and projects where digital fabrication tools are just not suitable, Hand tools are. Maker culture involves many types of making – this section reviews some of
5544-631: The manufacture of Electronic Digital Exchange, with Fujitsu holding a 51 percent stake in the venture. Concurrently, Fujitsu established a new subsidiary, Fujitsu Networks Industry Inc., in Stamford, Connecticut, to develop communications services. In 1992, Fujitsu also introduced the world's first 21-inch full-color plasma display . It was a hybrid, based upon the plasma display created at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign and NHK STRL, achieving superior brightness. In 1993, Fujitsu formed
5628-578: The mid-1940s, he built the Electronic Sackbut , now recognised to be one of the first synthesizers . In 1953, Robert Moog produced his own theremin design, and the following year he published an article on the theremin in Radio and Television News. In the same year, he founded RA Moog, selling theremins and theremin kits by mail order from his home. One of his customers, Raymond Scott , rewired Moog's theremin for control by keyboard, creating
5712-532: The movement's potential to actually disrupt or democratize innovation; and Will Holman 's The Toaster Paradox , about Thomas Thwaites ' the Toaster Project 's challenges to the DIY and "Maker impulse." Critical making can also be seen as an argument against or a comment on maker culture, which has been explored by Garnet Hertz , Eric Paulos , John Maeda , Matt Ratto and others. The primary argument
5796-487: The original TechShop filed a lawsuit alleging tradename and trademark violations by the new company. The new company immediately changed its name to "TheShop.Build." A trial began on June 4, 2019 in Oakland, California. On June 12, 2019, the trial jury returned a verdict, finding that "TheShop" willfully infringed on Techshop's service mark, but also finding zero profit from the use, and no actual damages. Attorneys for
5880-442: The popular weblog Boing Boing . Boing Boing editor Cory Doctorow has written a novel, Makers , which he describes as being "a book about people who hack hardware, business-models, and living arrangements to discover ways of staying alive and happy even when the economy is falling down the toilet". In 2016 Intel sponsored a reality TV show— America's Greatest Makers —where 24 teams of makers compete for $ 1 million. Since 2006
5964-522: The potential to contribute to a more participatory approach and create new pathways into topics that will make them more alive and relevant to learners. Some say that the maker movement is a reaction to the de-valuing of physical exploration and the growing sense of disconnection with the physical world in modern cities. Many products produced by the maker communities have a focus on health (food), sustainable development , environmentalism and local culture , and can from that point of view also be seen as
6048-466: The previous champion. Fugaku also ranked first place in categories that measure computational methods performance for industrial use, artificial intelligence applications, and big data analytics. The supercomputer is located in a facility in Kobe . In June 2020, Fujitsu developed an artificial intelligence monitor that can recognize complex hand movements, built on its crime surveillance technology. The AI
6132-794: The process. Free People , a popular clothing retailer for young women, often hosts craft nights inside the doors of its Anthropologie locations. Maker cosmetics include perfumes , creams , lotions , shampoos , and eye shadow . Tool kits for maker cosmetics can include beakers , digital scales , laboratory thermometers (if possible, from -20 to 110 °C), pH paper , glass rods , plastic spatulas , and spray to disinfect with alcohol. Perfumes can be created at home using ethanol (96%, or even vodka or everclear ), essential oils or fragrance oils , infused oils , even flavour extracts (such as pure vanilla extract ), distilled or spring water and glycerine . Tools include glass bottles , glass jar , measuring cup / measuring spoons ,
6216-602: The rise of cities, which will host 60% of the human population by 2030, hackerspaces, fablabs and makerspaces will likely gain traction, as they are places for local entrepreneurs to gather and collaborate, providing local solutions to environmental, social or economical issues. The Institute for the Future has launched in this regard Maker Cities as "an open and collaborative online game, to generate ideas about how citizens are changing work, production, governance, learning, well-being, and their neighborhoods, and what this means for
6300-517: The subculture can be found at more traditional universities with a technical orientation, such as MIT and Carnegie Mellon University (specifically around " shop " areas like the MIT Hobby Shop and CMU Robotics Club). As maker culture becomes more popular, hackerspaces and Fab Labs are becoming more common in universities and public libraries. The federal government has started adopting the concept of fully open makerspaces within its agencies,
6384-412: The subculture has held regular events around the world, Maker Faire , which in 2012 drew a crowd of 120,000 attendees. Smaller, community driven Maker Faires referred to as Mini Maker Fairs are also held in various places where an O'Reilly-organised Maker Faire has not yet been held. Maker Faire provides a Mini Maker Faire starter kit to encourage the spread of local Maker Faire events. Following
6468-541: The team now leading the city-state's (and, arguably, South-East Asia's) most prominent accelerator JFDI.Asia. Lamba Labs in Beirut is recognized as a hackerspace where people can collaborate freely, in a city often divided by its different ethnic and religious groups. Xinchejian in Shanghai is China's first hackerspace, which allows for innovation and collaboration in a country known for its strong internet censorship. With
6552-447: The world have sprung up in its place. TechShop was founded by Jim Newton, Ridge McGhee, and Robert Thomas. Jim Newton wanted to establish a place with tools to work on pet projects. Newton, who had been a science adviser to the TV show MythBusters and a College of San Mateo robotics teacher, was also motivated by his students' frustration with lack of access to equipment. Ridge McGhee,
6636-474: The world's fifth-largest computer manufacturing company. In April 2000, Fujitsu acquired the remaining 70% of GLOVIA International. In April 2002 ICL re-branded itself as Fujitsu. On March 2, 2004, Fujitsu Computer Products of America lost a class action lawsuit over MPG series hard disk drives with defective chips and firmware. In October 2004, Fujitsu acquired the Australian subsidiary of Atos Origin ,
6720-745: Was a mounting problem, particularly in the early days of the pandemic, and compounded with the Shortages related to the COVID-19 pandemic in the medical sectors. The response was largely regional and spread across 86 countries on 6 continents, and coordinated their response, designs and shared insights with each other through intermediary organizations such as Tikkun Olam Makers , the Fab Fouhdation or Open Source Medical Supplies which included more than 70,000 people. National movements emerged in Germany, Brazil, Romania, France, Spain, India, and
6804-482: Was attempting to acquire the company's assets including secured debt and planned to reopen some of the TechShop locations under the name TechShop 2.0. That effort fell through. Rasure announced in February 2018 that he would reopen the downtown San Francisco location later that month and possibly also open a new San Jose location. His company, TechShop 2.0, was independent of the original TechShop. On February 16, 2018,
6888-572: Was established in 1970 as Xerox Computer Services, where it developed inventory, manufacturing and financial applications. Fujitsu acquired 30 percent of the renamed Glovia International in 1997 and the remaining 70 percent stake in 2000. Fujitsu Client Computing Limited [ ja ] (FCCL), headquartered in Kawasaki, Kanagawa, the city where the company was founded, is the division of Fujitsu responsible for research, development, design, manufacturing and sales of consumer PC products. Formerly
6972-567: Was founded in 1973 in Montreal, Quebec , Canada, under its original name "DMR" (an acronym of the three founder's names: Pierre D ucros, Serge M eilleur and Alain R oy) During the next decade, the company established a presence throughout Quebec and Canada, before extending its reach to international markets. For nearly thirty years, DMR Consulting grew to become an international consulting firm, changing its name to Fujitsu Consulting in 2002 after being acquired by Fujitsu Ltd. Fujitsu operates
7056-736: Was located at the ASU Chandler Innovation Center, an engineering and technology-based education and research hub located in downtown Chandler at the city's former public works yard at 249 E. Chicago Street. Internationally, TechShop had partnership locations in Tokyo (with Fujitsu ), the United Arab Emirates (with the Department of Education And Knowledge - ADEK ), and Ivry (next to Paris), France (with ADEO Leroy Merlin ). Additional partnerships included Samsung , Instructables , Cortex, FutureWorks NYC,
#807192