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77-456: The modern lyrics for the children's rhyme are: One little, two little, three little Indians, Four little, five little, six little Indians, Seven little, eight little, nine little Indians, Ten little Indian boys. Ten little, nine little, eight little Indians, Seven little, six little, five little Indians, Four little, three little, two little Indians, One little Indian boy. Songwriter Septimus Winner created an elaborated version of

154-428: A gramophone record , through which a man's voice accuses them all of murder: It becomes apparent that none of the ten knows or has even seen "U. N. Owen"; they then realize the name stands for "unknown." They also cannot leave the island, as Rogers informs them that the boat will not return until Monday, and it is only Friday. Starloff admits his guilt, then dies from his drink, which was poisoned. The next morning, it

231-505: A hive ; A bumblebee stung one of them and then there were five. Five little Indian boys going in for law; One got in Chancery and then there were four. Four little Indian boys going out to sea; A red herring swallowed one and then there were three. Three little Indian boys walking in the zoo; A big bear hugged one and then there were two. Two little Indian boys sitting in the sun ; One got all frizzled up and then there

308-655: A Latin phrase meaning "from the origin"; the ancient Romans used it to refer to a contemporary group , one of many ancient peoples in Italy . Until about 1910, these terms were used in English to refer to various Indigenous peoples. Today throughout most of the English-speaking world, it is most commonly understood to refer to the Indigenous Australians , with the notable exception of Canada, where

385-797: A designation for the circumpolar Indigenous groups of the United States, Canada, Greenland, and Russia. The term "Amerind"/"Amerindian" is a portmanteau of "American Indian". It was coined in 1902 by the American Anthropological Association , but from its creation has been controversial. It was rejected by some leading members of the Association, and while adopted by many it was never universally accepted. Usage in English occurs primarily in anthropological and linguistic contexts, rather than Native American ones; it also finds some use in news outlets in describing

462-535: A flash of insight and urges her to shoot, but not actually at him. Miss Claythorne fires and Morley drops. She finds a noose hanging in the parlor and discovers who Owen is: Quinncannon, very much alive. The judge tells her that all his life he had searched for perfect justice. After learning that he was terminally ill, he concocted this plan. He persuaded Armstrong to help him fake his own (Quinncannon's) death, supposedly to help catch Owen, then murdered Armstrong. He tells her that she can either hang herself or be sent to

539-447: A light macabre touch. The temptation to the horrifying is intelligently dismissed". The film kept its audience involved "from fear and trembling, not from gore." Several performances were commended, especially Walter Huston and Barry Fitzgerald. Variety magazine, however, described the film as a "dull whodunit" which "rarely rises to moments of suspense and despite the killings it gives the appearance of nothing ever happening". Most of

616-518: A name imposed from outside rather than an Inuit term, one reason that Eskimo is considered derogatory is the widespread, but incorrect, perception that in Algonkian languages , spoken by some competitive historic tribes of present-day Canada and US, it means "eaters of raw meat". The Inuit Circumpolar Conference meeting in Barrow, Alaska (now Utqiaġvik), in 1977 officially adopted "Inuit" as

693-634: A native woman or, as in the Jargon, all women and also anything female. It originated as a compound of Nootka łūts 'female' with the English suffix -man . Hyas klootchman tyee means "queen", klootchman cosho , "sow"; and klootchman tenas or tenas klootchman means "girl" or "little girl". Generally klootchman in regional English simply means a native woman and has not acquired the derisive sense of siwash or squaw . The short form klootch , encountered only in English-Chinook hybrid phrasings,

770-401: A positive usage among some powwow organizations, colleges, and other Indigenous groups who hold pageants and scholarship competitions , who may use the term "Princess" as a component in the titles they award. Generally, these events are for recognizing cultural skills and community leadership. However, some have called for participants to stop using the term "Princess" for these titles, due to

847-465: A territory prior to colonization or formation of a nation state . The "I" is always capitalized as it is in references to a group of people. In the Americas, the term "Indigenous peoples of the Americas" was adopted, and the term is tailored to specific geographic or political regions, such as " Indigenous peoples of Panama ". "'Indigenous peoples' ... is a term that internationalizes the experiences,

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924-513: Is "First Nations person" (when gender-specific, "First Nations man" or "First Nations woman"). "First Peoples" is a broad term that includes First Nations, Inuit , and Métis . Owing to its similarity to the term "First Nations", the two terms are sometimes used interchangeably. "Native" or "Native Canadian" is an ambiguous term, but people frequently use it in conversation or informal writing. A majority use this term for describing Indigenous peoples, including some Indigenous people themselves. This

1001-525: Is Miss Claythorne's turn, she excuses herself to get her coat and the others hear her shriek and rush to her. In the confusion, a single gunshot is heard. They find her shaken after being brushed by seaweed hanging from the ceiling. They also find Lombard's gun; Quinncannon is dead from a shot to the head. Miss Claythorne insists she is innocent, but Armstrong suspects her and locks her in her room. That night, Claythorne admits to Lombard that her sister killed her own fiancé, and that Claythorne helped her cover up

1078-475: Is a 1945 film adaptation of Agatha Christie 's 1939 mystery novel of the same name , directed by René Clair . It was released in the United Kingdom as Ten Little Indians , in keeping with the third United Kingdom title of Christie's novel. The film was released by 20th Century Fox and due to the lapsed copyright, it is now in the public domain . The film has been remastered multiple times and

1155-694: Is always derisive, especially in forms such as blue-eyed klootch . In Mexico , the preferred expression used by both the Government and the media is "Indigenous peoples" ( pueblos indígenas in Spanish ). In South America , the preferred expression for the population is also Indigenous peoples ( pueblos indígenas and pueblos originarios in Spanish , and povos indígenas in Portuguese ). In Spanish Latin America, "Indians" ( indios )

1232-548: Is considered to be quite offensive as Indigenous peoples living in Canada existed prior to colonization and some do not view themselves as Canadians. In Canadian French , the terms are première(s) nation(s) for "First Nations" and autochtone for "Aboriginal" (used both as a noun and adjective). The term indien or indienne has historically been used in the legislation, notably in the Loi sur les Indiens (The Indian Act), but it

1309-467: Is discovered that Mrs. Rogers died in her sleep. The guests notice that one figurine is broken and another missing after the two deaths. With the two deaths matching the Ten Little Indians nursery rhyme, they search the island for "Mr. Owen" without success. After General Mandrake is stabbed to death, the judge declares that Owen must be one of them. They vote on who they suspect Owen is; as

1386-415: Is freely available online. Eight people, all strangers to each other, are invited to a small isolated island off the coast of Devon , England, by a Mr. and Mrs. Owen. They settle in at a mansion tended by two newly hired servants, Thomas and Ethel Rogers - a married couple, but their hosts are absent. When the guests sit down to dinner, they notice the centerpiece , ten figurines of Indians. Thomas puts on

1463-495: Is generally thought that this song was adapted, possibly by Frank J. Green in 1869, as "Ten Little Niggers ", though it is possible that the influence was the other way around, with "Ten Little Niggers" being a close reflection of the text that became "Ten Little Indians". Either way, "Ten Little Niggers" became a standard of the blackface minstrel shows. It was sung by Christy's Minstrels and became widely known in Europe, where it

1540-575: Is increasingly no longer used—today, to refer to Indigenous people from a rural area, one would most likely say campesino originario or indígena campesino . In Brazil , the most usual expression is by far índio , with indígena sounding a little more formal; the Portuguese demonym for the country of India is indiano . Indios is still in common use, including among people of Indigenous identity. In Mexico, Brazil, and several other countries, these names are normally applied only to

1617-651: Is no consensus on naming. After Europeans discovered the Americas, they called most of the Indigenous people collectively "Indians". The distinct people in the Arctic were called "Eskimos". Eskimo has declined in usage. When discussing broad groups of peoples, naming may be based on shared language, region, or historical relationship, such as Anishinaabeg , Tupi–Guarani -speaking peoples, Pueblo -dwelling peoples, Amazonian tribes , or LDN peoples ( Lakota , Dakota , and Nakota peoples). Although "Indian" has been

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1694-553: Is often called Inuktitut , though other local designations are also used. The Algonquin autonym Anishinaabe (also Anishinabe , Anicinape ) is used as a cross-tribal term in Algonquian-majority areas, such as Anishnabe Health, Anishnabe Education, and Training Circle. The term is also used among historically Anishinaabe peoples in the Upper Midwest region of the United States. The Chinook Jargon ,

1771-655: Is often understood to mean only the peoples of the mainland body of the United States, which excludes other peoples considered Indigenous peoples of the Americas ; including the Haida , Tlingit , Athabascan , Inuit , Yupik peoples ( Yuit / Alutiiq / Cup'ik ), Inupiat , and Aleut (i.e., the groups whose traditional languages are Eskimo–Aleut languages ). Related groups among these tribal peoples are referred to collectively as either Alaskan Natives (based on geography), First Nations (in Canada), or Siberians . Supporters of

1848-520: Is seen as having negative connotations because of its similarity to the French indigent ("poor"). It has also acquired further negative associations in French, owing to the indigénat code enforced in French colonial Africa, 1887–1947. The old French term sauvage ("wild, savage") is no longer used either, as it is considered racist. The people of the Canadian Arctic are officially known as

1925-485: Is the official term for those on the Indian Register . Lands set aside for the use of First Nations are officially known as Indian reserves (abbreviated IR on maps, etc.). The word "band" is used in band government . Some First Nations communities also use "Indian Band" in their official names. In Canada, the term " Aboriginal peoples in Canada " is used for all Indigenous peoples within the country, including

2002-574: Is the term used in the United States Census. The Oxford English Dictionary cites usage of the uncapitalized term native American in several publications dating to 1737, but it is unclear whether these texts refer to Indigenous peoples, or to persons born on American soil . One early use is the 1817 novel Keep Cool by John Neal , which declares "the Indian is the only native American; he holds his charter from God himself". During

2079-453: Is unacceptable outside of this specific context. First Nations in Québec have also called for the term amérindien to be discontinued, in favour of autochtone . The word amérindien contains the word indien (Indian) and since they are not Indians, the word is no longer favored and it has, for example, been removed from some elementary school textbooks. The term indigène is not used as it

2156-463: The Ainu , a people Indigenous to the northernmost islands of Japan." The United Nations World Summit on Sustainable Development used the term "Indigenous peoples" for the first time in its official political declaration in 2002. Before this date, the term was considered to be "still under debate" for usage in official UN documents. The English adjective "aboriginal" and the noun "aborigine" come from

2233-805: The Indian Act , and "Indigenous peoples" used for Native peoples more generally, including Inuit and Métis , who do not fall under the "First Nations" category. Status Indian remains a legal designation because of the Indian Act. Europeans at the time of Christopher Columbus 's voyage often referred to all of South and East Asia as "India" or "the Indias/ Indies ", sometimes dividing the area into " Greater India ", "Middle India", and "Lesser India". The oldest surviving terrestrial globe , by Martin Behaim in 1492 (before Columbus' voyage), labels

2310-521: The Inuit and First Nations , as well as the Métis . More recently, the term Indigenous peoples has been used more frequently and in 2015 the federal government department responsible for First Nations, Metis, and Inuit issues changed its name from Aboriginal Affairs and Northern Development Canada to Indigenous and Northern Affairs Canada . "First Nations" came into common usage in the 1980s to replace

2387-508: The Japanese ) and European with the latter being mostly European and African (with fair hair and skin, but black facial features and/or hair texture) admixed ancestry, respectively, with the first three necessarily involving a degree of Indigenous ancestry. Ainocos and sararás might have some level of Native ancestry. Ainoco is sometimes replaced by another Japanese derived term known as hafu (meaning "half") or eurasiano ,

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2464-765: The Taíno people of Puerto Rico. The term "Amerind" has official status in Guyana. The Canadian Indian Act , first passed in 1876, in defining the rights of people of recognized First Nations, refers to them as "Indians". The responsible federal government department was the Department of Indian Affairs and Northern Development, now Indigenous and Northern Affairs Canada , headed by the Minister of Indigenous and Northern Affairs . The Act officially recognizes people commonly known as "Status Indians", although "Registered Indian"

2541-661: The "Native American Party" and were referred to in the press with the capitalized term. In 1918, leaders of the Indigenous Peyote Religion incorporated as the Native American Church of Oklahoma. In 1956, British writer Aldous Huxley wrote to thank a correspondent for "your most interesting letter about the Native American churchmen". The use of Native American or native American to refer to Indigenous peoples who live in

2618-503: The 16th and 17th centuries, and have more sustained contact with the resident peoples, they understood that the residents were not a homogeneous group sharing a unified culture and government, but discrete societies with their own distinct languages and social systems. Early historical accounts show that some colonists, including Jesuit missionaries in New France, attempted to learn and record the autonyms of these individual groups, but

2695-421: The 1850s, a group of Anglo-Saxon Protestant Americans used the capitalized term Native Americans to differentiate themselves from recent Irish and German immigrants, both of which groups were predominantly Catholic. The group later formed the " Know-Nothings ", a 19th-century political party that opposed immigration to the United States , a policy known as nativism . The Know-Nothings also called themselves

2772-492: The 1922 Icelandic version of Ten Little Negroes caused considerable debate in that country, with a strong division between those who saw the book as racist and those who saw it as "a part of funny and silly stories created in the past". In Kristín Loftsdóttir 's assessment of the debate, she states: Some of the discussions focusing on the republishing of the Ten Little Negroes can be seen as colonial nostalgia in

2849-500: The 1940s (in Kotoa ja kaukaa: valikoima runosatuja lapsille and Hupaisa laskukirja ). The Bengali poem "Haradhon er Dosti Chhele" ("Haradhon's Ten Sons") is also inspired by "Ten Little Indians". Because of changing sensibilities over the words used, modern versions for children often use "aeroplanes", "soldier boys" or "teddy bears" as the objects of the rhyme, among others. Icelandic publisher Skrudda's unaltered republication in 2007 of

2926-470: The 1946 Locarno International Film Festival . Though it was distributed by a major studio, 20th Century Fox , the copyright was allowed to lapse and the film is now in the public domain . Several different editions of varying quality have been released to home video formats. The name of the film sometimes varies with who listed it. In 1960, Radio Times altered the title to Ten Little Niggers for an airing of Clair's film on BBC television on 9 July,

3003-521: The Americas before they were so named. As of 1995, according to the US Census Bureau , 50% of people who identified as Indigenous preferred the term American Indian , 37% preferred Native American , and the remainder preferred other terms or had no preference. According to The American Heritage Dictionary , " Indigenous specifies that something or someone is native rather than coming or being brought in from elsewhere: an indigenous crop;

3080-590: The Americas came into widespread, common use during the civil rights era of the 1960s and 1970s. This term was considered to represent historical fact more accurately (i.e., "Native" cultures predated European colonization). In addition, activists also believed it was free of negative historical connotations that had come to be associated with previous terms. Between 1982 and 1993, most American manuals of style came to agree that "color terms" referring to ethnic groups, such as Black, should be capitalized as proper names, as well as Native American . By 2020, "Indigenous"

3157-542: The Americas have been active in discussions of how they wish to be known. Indigenous people have pressed for the elimination of terms they consider to be obsolete, inaccurate, or racist . During the latter half of the 20th century and the rise of the Red Power movement , the United States government responded by proposing the use of the term "Native American" to recognize the primacy of Indigenous peoples' tenure in

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3234-795: The German children's song, with a different melody, is called "Zehn kleine Negerlein". Variants of this song have been published widely as children's books; what the variants have in common is 'that they are about dark-skinned boys who are always children, never learning from experience'. For example, it had been published in the Netherlands by 1913; in Denmark by 1922 (in Börnenes billedbog ); in Iceland in 1922 (as "Negrastrákarnir"); and in Finland in

3311-575: The Indian Ocean. The name was adopted by other Spanish and ultimately other Europeans; for centuries the Indigenous peoples of the Americas were collectively called "Indians" in various European languages. This misnomer was perpetuated in place naming; the islands of the Caribbean were named, and are still known as, the West Indies . As European colonists began to settle in the Americas in

3388-537: The Inuit, which means 'the people', or singularly, Inuk , which means 'the person', as a result of the 1977 Inuit Circumpolar Conference. Canada's Constitution Act, 1982 , uses "Inuit", as does the Inuit Tapiriit Kanatami, the national organization that represents the Inuit in Canada. The preferred term in Canada's Central Arctic is Inuinnaq , and in the eastern Canadian Arctic Inuit . The language

3465-429: The United States. The republishing of the book in Iceland triggered a number of parodies or rewritings: Tíu litlír kenjakrakkar ("Ten little prankster-children") by Sigrún Eldjárn and Þórarinn Eldjárn ; 10 litlir sveitastrákar ("Ten little country-boys") by Katrín J. Óskarsdóttir and Guðrún Jónína Magnúsdóttir; and Tíu litlir bankastrákar ("Ten little banker-boys") by Óttar M. Njorðfjörð . The following version of

3542-486: The above-named peoples. While Athabascans, Haida, Eyak, and Tlingit are American Indians, Inuit, Yupik, and Unangan (Aleut) are not. Likewise, Yupik, Unangan, and Inuit are all district peoples with distinct languages. The term Eskimo was once common, but it is now perceived as derogatory and is being replaced in common use with "Inuit" or individual groups' own names for themselves. As mentioned above, Yupik and Unangan are distinct from Inuit. In addition to being

3619-468: The bucket and then there were five; Five little Indians on a cellar door, One tumbled in and then there were four. Four little Indians up on a spree, One got fuddled and then there were three; Three little Indians out on a canoe, One tumbled overboard and then there were two Two little Indians foolin' with a gun, One shot t'other and then there was one; One little Indian livin' all alone, He got married and then there were none. It

3696-549: The cast, Variety thought, seemed out of place. Film critic Leonard Maltin awarded the film four out of four stars, calling it "Highly suspenseful" and praising the film's script, music score, and visuals. On Rotten Tomatoes , the film holds an approval rating of 100% based on 12 reviews , with a weighted average rating of 8.1/10. The film won the Golden Leopard and the Best Direction Award at

3773-490: The children's song, called "Ten Little Injuns ", in 1868 for a minstrel show. Ten little Indians standin' in a line, One toddled home and then there were nine; Nine little Indians swingin' on a gate, One tumbled off and then there were eight. Eight little Indians gayest under heav'n. One went to sleep and then there were seven; Seven little Indians cuttin' up their tricks, One broke his neck and then there were six. Six little Indians all alive, One kicked

3850-407: The country. The term has become widespread nationally but only partially accepted by various Indigenous groups. Other naming conventions have been proposed and used, but none is accepted by all Indigenous groups. Typically, each name has a particular audience and political or cultural connotation, and regional usage varies. In Canada, the term " First Nations " is generally used for peoples covered by

3927-661: The creolized form of Chinook Jargon spoken at the Grand Ronde Agency in Oregon, a distinction is made between siwash and sawash . The accent in the latter is on the second syllable, resembling the French original, and is used in Grand Ronde Jargon meaning "anything native or Indian"; by contrast, they consider siwash to be defamatory. The Chinook Jargon term for a native woman is klootchman , an originally Nootka word adopted in regional English to mean

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4004-410: The crime and took the blame. The two later realize Armstrong is missing. The next morning, Blore is struck by stonework toppled from the floor above. Lombard sees a corpse on the beach: Armstrong. Miss Claythorne holds Lombard's gun against him, certain that Lombard is the killer. He tells her that his real name is Charles Morley, and that the real Lombard was his friend who committed suicide. Morley has

4081-628: The entire Asian subcontinent region as "India", named ultimately after the Indus River . Columbus carried a passport in Latin from the Spanish monarchs that dispatched him ad partes Indie ("toward the regions of India") on their behalf. When he landed in the Antilles , Columbus referred to the resident peoples he encountered there as "Indians", reflecting his purported belief that he had reached

4158-1219: The ethnic groups that have maintained their identity and, to some extent, their original way of life. Less common terms for Indigenous peoples of the Americas include amerindio (in Spanish) and ameríndio (in Portuguese). In most of Latin America there are also large segments of the population with mixed Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestry, who are largely integrated into mainstream society, and by and large no longer identify themselves with their Indigenous ancestral groups unless they coexist with their ancestral Indigenous nation. Names for such groups include mestizo , zambo and pardo in Spanish, for people with European and Native, African and Native or European and African admixed ancestry respectively, besides castizo for people who are over three-quarters European and around one-fourth Native in ancestry, and caboclo (current) or mameluco (dated), cafuzo , juçara , ainoko / ainoco and sarará in Portuguese, for people of European and Native, Native and African, European, Native and African, East Asian (especially

4235-431: The gallows (as the only possible perpetrator). He drinks poisoned whiskey, while Morley appears behind him, alive, as Vera had purposely missed shooting him. Quinncannon dies and the boat arrives, rescuing Morley and Miss Claythorne. The cast included: On first release in 1945, Bosley Crowther of The New York Times wrote: "René Clair has produced an exciting film and has directed a splendid cast in it with humor and

4312-506: The issues and the struggles of some of the world's colonized peoples", writes Māori educator Linda Tuhiwai Smith . "The final 's' in 'Indigenous peoples' ... [is] a way of recognizing that there are real differences between different Indigenous peoples." A rarely used term is to call the North American continent: Turtle Island . Though officially named North America , a number of histories from various countries make reference to

4389-400: The latter term involving people of European and Asian mixed ancestry, particularly East Asian. In some Spanish-speaking countries, there are also Ladinos who do not have significant European ancestry, but have adopted the culture of the dominant non-Indigenous population. In Brazil, however, assimilated Indigenous people are called caboclos (itself a subset of pardos , or brown people),

4466-689: The more recently adopted "Native American". In the late 20th century, some etymologists suggested that the origin of the term was not from a confusion with India, but from the Spanish expression En Dios , meaning "in God", or a similar one in Italian. David Wilton notes in Word Myths: Debunking Linguistic Urban Legends that this phrase does not appear in any of Columbus' writing. Wilton says that many European languages since Greek and Roman times used variations of

4543-547: The most common collective name, many English exonyms have been used to refer to the Indigenous peoples of the Americas (also known as the New World ), who were resident within their own territories when European colonists arrived in the 15th and 16th centuries. Some of these names were based on French , Spanish , or other European language terminology used by earlier explorers and colonists, many of which were derived from

4620-402: The myth of a continent existing atop a turtle's back. Though not present across all nations and countries, this symbolism and icon has spread to become nearly pan-Indigenous. As Europeans, Asians and Africans have terms that allude to their home continents, "Turtle Islander" is an attempt to do just that. In some situations, the term " Indian princess " is considered offensive. There is also

4697-549: The names that tribes called each other. Some resulted from the colonists' attempt to translate endonyms from the native language into their own, or to transliterate by sound. In addition, some names or terms were pejorative, arising from prejudice and fear, during periods of conflict (such as the American Indian Wars ) between the cultures involved. In the 20th and 21st centuries, there has been greater awareness among non-Indigenous peoples that Indigenous peoples in

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4774-618: The negative stereotypes and the discomfort the nomenclature can cause when interacting with non-Natives, and to replace the term with "more culturally relevant and accurate nomenclature." "Injun" is an originally 17th-century mispronunciation of "Indian", generally considered offensive today, used to mock or impersonate Native Americans' or early settlers' supposed heavily accented English (e.g., "Honest Injun", "Injun time"). The word and related terms have been defined as derogatory by Indigenous peoples and are not widely used. And Then There Were None (1945 film) And Then There Were None

4851-561: The old trade language of the Pacific Northwest, uses siwash (an adaptation of the French sauvage ) for "Indian", "Native American", or "First Nations", either as adjective or noun. While normally meaning a male native, it is used in certain combinations, such as siwash cosho ("a seal", literally "Indian pig" or "Indian pork"). Many native communities perceive the terms sauvage and siwash negatively, but others use it freely. They consider use by non-natives to be derogatory. In

4928-403: The only one to get more than one vote, Rogers is made to sleep in the woodshed. The next morning, they find him dead, his head split open with an axe. Miss Brent dies next, her body found with a hypodermic needle nearby. Armstrong discovers that his needle is missing and Lombard's revolver is lost as well. At dinner, Quinncannon, Armstrong, Blore, and Lombard all confess to their crimes. When it

5005-489: The original title of the novel as published in the UK. Sensitivity to the original title of the novel was remarked by Sadie Stein in 2016, commenting on a BBC miniseries with the title And Then There Were None , which she said "has been an enormous hit in the UK." In general, "Christie’s work is not known for its racial sensitivity, and by modern standards her oeuvre is rife with casual Orientalism." Stein quotes Alison Light as to

5082-500: The power of the original name of the island in the novel, Nigger Island, "to conjure up a thrilling ‘otherness’, a place where revelations about the ‘dark side’ of the English would be appropriate." Speaking of the "widely known" 1945 movie, Stein added that "we’re merely faced with fantastic amounts of violence, and a rhyme so macabre and distressing one doesn’t hear it now outside of the Agatha Christie context." She felt that

5159-450: The same term used for people of European and Amerindian ancestry who do not have at the same time a white-passing phenotype and a mainstream Brazilian cultural identity—which also means that caboclos are not necessarily mestiços (Portuguese for "mixed-race" in general). During the late 20th century the term "Indigenous peoples" evolved into a political term that refers to ethnic groups with historical ties to groups that existed in

5236-510: The sense that they bring images of more simple times when such images were not objected to. As such, these public discourses seek to separate Icelandic identity from past issues of racism and prejudice. Contextualising the publication of the nursery rhyme in 1922 within European and North American contexts shows, however, that the book fitted very well with European discourses of race, and the images show similarity to caricatures of black people in

5313-674: The song was included in the first film version of And Then There Were None (1945), which largely took Green's lyrics and replaced the already sensitive word "nigger" with "Indian": Ten little Indian boys went out to dine; One choked his little self and then there were nine. Nine little Indian boys sat up very late; One overslept himself and then there were eight. Eight little Indian boys traveling in Devon ; One said he'd stay there and then there were seven. Seven little Indian boys chopping up sticks; One chopped himself in halves and then there were six. Six little Indian boys playing with

5390-490: The term "Indian band". Elder Sol Sanderson says that he coined the term in the early 1980s. Others state that the term came into common usage in the 1970s to avoid using the word "Indian", which some people considered offensive. Apparently, no legal definition of the term exists. However, the Assembly of First Nations , the national advocacy group for First Nations peoples, adopted the term in 1985. The singular commonly used

5467-515: The term "Indian" to describe the peoples of the Indian subcontinent, more than a millennium before the voyages of Columbus. Objections to the usage of "Indian" and "American Indian" include the fact that "Indian" arose from a historical error, and does not accurately reflect the origin of the people to whom it refers. In addition, some feel that the term has so absorbed negative and demeaning connotations through its historical usage as to render it objectionable in context. Additionally, "American Indian"

5544-682: The term "aboriginal" (but not aborigine) came into use in the Canadian Constitution Act, 1982. " Alaska Native " refers to the Indigenous peoples in Alaska , including the Aleut , Athabascan , Haida , Inuit ( Inupiat ), Tlingit , Yup'ik ( Cup'ik , Alutiiq , etc.),and Yupik peoples . The term predominates because of its legal use in the Alaska Native Claims Settlement Act , and includes all

5621-454: The terms "Indian" and "American Indian" argue that they have been in use for such a long time that many people have become accustomed to them and no longer consider them exonyms . Both terms are still widely used today. "American Indian" appears often in treaties between the United States and the Indigenous peoples with whom they have been negotiating since the colonial period, and many federal, state, and local laws also use it. "American Indian"

5698-780: The use of the general term "Indian" persisted. In 1968, the American Indian Movement (AIM) was founded in the United States. In 1977, a delegation from the International Indian Treaty Council , an arm of AIM, elected to collectively identify as "American Indian", at the United Nations Conference on Indians in the Americas in Geneva , Switzerland. Some Indigenous activists and public figures, such as Russell Means ( Oglala Lakota ), have preferred "American Indian" to

5775-482: Was also included in these capitalization guidelines. Other objections to Native American —whether capitalized or not—include a concern that it is often understood to exclude American groups outside the contiguous United States (e.g., Alaska, Hawaii, and Puerto Rico), and Indigenous groups in South America, Mexico, and Canada. The word American is sometimes questioned because the people referred to resided in

5852-472: Was one. One little Indian boy left all alone; He went and hanged himself and then there were none. Injun There is an ongoing discussion about the terminology used by the Indigenous peoples of the Americas to describe themselves, as well as how they prefer to be referred to by others. Preferred terms vary primarily by region and age. As Indigenous peoples and communities are diverse, there

5929-492: Was used by Agatha Christie in her 1939 novel of the same name, about ten killings on a remote island. The novel was later retitled And Then There Were None for the American edition, although the original title remained in use for the UK publication until 1985, and it remains one of her most famous works. The Spanish and Russian titles of Christie's novel today are still Diez negritos and «Десять негритят», respectively, and

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