69-496: The Territorial Support Group ( TSG ) is a Met Operations unit of London's Metropolitan Police Service (MPS) which specialises in public order policing, amongst other specialist areas. In 2012 it consisted of 793 officers and 29 support staff. The TSG is a uniformed unit of the MPS that replaced the similarly constituted Special Patrol Group in 1987. TSG units patrol the streets of London in marked police vans or "carriers"; using
138-574: A Commonwealth police superintendent or chief superintendent . It may also be a title held by a supervisor of detectives. In the New York City Police Department , a deputy inspector is one grade above captain, wearing the insignia of a military major, and an inspector is another grade higher, wearing the insignia of a military colonel. In the Philadelphia Police Department , a staff inspector
207-593: A divisional or personal identification number . Instead they feature Order of the Bath stars, informally known as "pips", being the same insignia as those of a lieutenant in the British Army . In the Metropolitan Police, the rank was formerly officially known as station inspector to distinguish it from the more senior rank of sub-divisional inspector (abolished in 1949). A station inspector wore
276-709: A grade below captain, instead of at least one grade above. New York State Police staff inspectors are senior commissioned officers holding the rank above major and below lieutenant colonel. The North Carolina Department of Transportation's Division of Motor Vehicles License and Theft Bureau uses the title of inspector for its sworn state law enforcement agents/investigators. The inspectors of this agency investigate motor vehicle theft, title and odometer frauds, state issued identification and driver's license frauds, as well as regulate and inspect motor vehicle dealerships, repair shops, tow and storage facilities, and emissions and safety inspection centers. The NC DMV License and Theft Bureau
345-554: A police circle, which comprises two or more police stations. In this capacity, they are known as circle inspectors (CI). Inspectors oversee investigations and co-ordinate law enforcement operations in their respective jurisdictions, and may also head special units. Their insignia is three stars with a ribbon that is half red and half blue. The rank is above sub-inspector and below additional superintendent of police and deputy superintendent of police . Inspectors, along with sub-inspectors and assistant sub-inspectors, comprise around 13% of
414-498: A siege situation is present, but firearms are not involved, TSG will often be deployed to counter the threat. Reflecting this role the unit's former head, Commander Michael Johnson, was tactical commander for the London 2012 Olympics . TSG provides support to regular divisional officers through high-visibility patrols, surveillance and decoy operations while also providing a presence on the streets. Boroughs are also supported through
483-468: A single star on his epaulettes until 1936, when this changed to a star over two bars to accommodate the new rank of junior station inspector (wearing a star over one bar). In the United States, the term inspector can have very different meanings depending on the law enforcement agency. An inspector in a US municipal police department is more likely to be a senior executive officer, analogous to
552-760: A threat of terrorism. Instead of TSG officers wearing standard black trousers and white shirt, when policing demonstrations they often wear fire-retardant overalls with their stab vests underneath. The TSG and their predecessors, the SPG, have been likened to paramilitary units during riot control operations by Tony Jefferson in The Case against Paramilitary Policing (1990). He argued this because of their use of shields, batons and helmets, their centralised command structure, their willingness to use force, and their squad-like formations. Peter Waddington , who has been credited with developing kettling , countered this conclusion in
621-1006: A variety of weapons. TSG officers are trained to a higher standard of operational readiness in their public order role than most other police support units in London; TSG training is refreshed every five weeks as a matter of routine. Exercises are conducted predominantly at the MPS Specialist Training Centre in Gravesend, Kent , though other sites are used as required, and encompass all public order scenarios. Officers undergo extensive riot training including being petrol bombed in large-scale engagements, prison clearance tactics, football stadium scenarios, night club scenarios, aircraft, rail and various “angry-man” scenarios, as well as additional specialist training. TSG units spend considerable time training with other specialist police teams as well as certain military units. Also, if
690-518: Is a police rank. The rank or position varies in seniority depending on the organization that uses it. In Australian police forces, the rank of inspector is generally the next senior rank from senior sergeant and is less senior than a superintendent (in the cases of the Queensland Police and Western Australia Police ) in the other Australian police forces . Members holding the rank usually wear an epaulette featuring three silver pips,
759-564: Is a civil service rank. It is the lowest and therefore the entry rank of the gehobener Dienst (upper service) requiring a degree from a three-year administrative college. The rank is not used in the German police services; there the equivalent of inspector is Kommissar . In earlier times the upper service track was called Inspektorenlaufbahn (inspectors service track) ranging from Inspektor , Oberinspektor (senior inspector), Amtmann , Amtsrat to Oberamtsrat (senior supervisor). The title
SECTION 10
#1732776873172828-648: Is a grade above captain and an inspector is another grade higher, with the insignia of a lieutenant colonel. An inspector is also two grades above a captain in the Baltimore Police Department , Nassau County Police Department and Suffolk County Police Department . Inspector is more rarely used as a rank that is one grade above captain , such as in the Metropolitan Police Department of the District of Columbia . This
897-517: Is a rank senior to station sergeant but junior to chief inspector , leading a sub-unit between 30 and 80 people in day-to-day policing. The rank badge for probationary inspector is one silver pip on his or her epaulette; two silver pips for inspector of police; and two silver pips and one bar for senior inspector of police. The epaulettes rank badge for chief inspector is three silver pips. The epaulettes of all inspectors do not show their unique identification number. Plainclothes detective inspectors have
966-431: Is certainly their most visible and well-known. Like most police support unit vehicles, TSG vans are equipped with mesh window shields and officers are equipped with acrylic glass riot shields , visored 'NATO' helmets , shin and elbow guards, along with fireproof coveralls when required. This level of protection allows them to deal with many violent situations, including riots , football violence, and suspects armed with
1035-541: Is equivalent to a major or commander in other departments. The Los Angeles Police Department formerly had a rank of inspector for this purpose. It was changed to commander in 1974. In the police departments of Hayward , California, Oklahoma City and formerly in Berkeley , California, inspector was the rank held by a senior detective. In the San Francisco Police Department , inspector
1104-655: Is generally the next senior rank from senior sub-inspector (SSI) and is less senior than a deputy superintendent of police (DSP). Members holding the rank usually wear an epaulette featuring one pair of crossed kukri , the same rank badge as an inspector in the Armed Police Force . In the Royal Papua New Guinea Constabulary , the rank of inspector is one level above chief sergeant and below senior inspector. Officer cadets normally graduate and automatically become an inspector. In
1173-534: Is in the senior police officer category. For National Servicemen , outstanding policemen may be appointed as a National Service probationary inspector. In the National Police Cadet Corps , the rank of probationary inspector is given to officer cadet trainees who have successfully completed their Officers' Basic Training Course or Honorary Officers' Basic Training Course. Probationary inspectors who pass their probationary period will then attain
1242-416: Is reserved for college or police academy educated staff, with six ranks based on seniority (junior police inspector, police inspector, police inspector I class, independent police inspector, senior police inspector, senior police inspector I class and chief police inspector). Although supervisory staff in uniformed police units also hold various police inspector ranks, in common parlance, the title of inspector
1311-607: Is senior to sub-inspector and junior to chief inspector . In many towns, inspectors would be the officer in charge (OIC) at most police stations . The rank insignia for a police inspector is two stars. All those officers are deemed to be gazzated officers and staff grade officers of public service. In addition to the police, the term inspector is used in other government departments for posts such as chief inspector of excise , inspector of excise , chief inspector of customs , inspector of customs , co-operative inspector , fisheries inspector , public health inspector . Within
1380-532: Is the normal title for a detective. Unlike detectives in most other departments, inspectors in San Francisco always have supervisory duties. This is one of the few modern remaining cases of inspector being used as a title for detectives. A few other police or sheriff's departments, such as the Portsmouth, Rhode Island police department, also use the title in that capacity. Inspector is sometimes used as
1449-469: Is the state's oldest law enforcement agency and was formed in 1921 to combat vehicle theft with the rising sales of Ford's Model T. The agency has kept the title designation of inspector for traditional purposes. The Oregon Liquor Control Commission uses the title of inspector for sworn law enforcement agents who investigate violations of the Liquor Control Act and other related crimes. In
SECTION 20
#17327768731721518-420: Is used on many professional areas that require an inspection service, like Brandinspektor (fire inspector in the fire department), Steuerinspektor (tax inspector in the financial department) and Bauinspektor (building inspector in building control) that are in a supervision position of their department. In many administrations, a corresponding position exists like Regierungsinspektor (government inspector on
1587-630: Is usually immediately below the rank of superintendent . Depending on the police force, an inspector may be considered senior management. The rank insignia of an inspector in Canada is usually a crown on the epaulettes, the insignia of a major in the army. In some police services such as the Royal Newfoundland Constabulary or the Vancouver Police Department , the rank insignia are three pips, similar to
1656-460: Is usually used referring to police officers working in plainclothes in criminal investigation units, equivalent to detective in some countries. There are also numerous civilian inspector titles, fitting various inspection and supervision roles within governmental structure of Montenegro (health inspector, tax inspector, tourism inspector, etc.) In the Nepal Police , the rank of inspector
1725-643: The 2011 England riots . These are identical to, and interchangeable with, the Guardians used by SCO18 Aviation Command and SCO19 Firearms Command , but do not carry armed officers in public order situations. TSG officers are not routinely armed, but are equipped with Speedcuffs , fixed batons and CS / PAVA incapacitant spray like all officers. TSG does, however, have its own firearms capability with some officers being trained as Authorised Firearms Officers (AFOs). These officers may conduct certain infrequent armed patrols across London, typically in response to
1794-562: The British Journal of Criminology by pointing out that their equipment is mainly defensive. As employees, the police force have a duty to protect them from harm, he also notes that paramedics in riot situations also wear similar helmets and armour. Jefferson argues that by the police preparing for an event, such as a march or protest where they expect there to be violence, they create a self-fulfilling prophecy and that violence will occur. Waddington responds to this by pointing out that
1863-524: The British police , inspector is the second supervisory rank . It is senior to that of sergeant , and junior to that of chief inspector . The rank is mostly operational, meaning that inspectors are directly concerned with day-to-day policing. Uniformed inspectors are often responsible for supervising a duty shift made up of constables and sergeants, or act in specialist roles such as supervising road traffic policing . The rank of inspector has existed since
1932-562: The Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI), an inspector is a special agent whose main duty is inspecting local field offices and resident agencies to make sure they are operating efficiently. Since FBI inspectors are not tied to any particular field office, they have, in the past, also been used as troubleshooting investigators on major cases. Joseph Sullivan was perhaps the best-known of the Bureau's major case inspectors and served as
2001-559: The Food and Environmental Hygiene Department who carry out investigations and prosecutions on sanitary nuisances and food business irregularities under relevant ordinances. They are characterised by golden stars and yellow rank badges. An inspector of police in India is typically the officer in charge of a police station , and may be designated station house officer (SHO). In rural areas of some states, an inspector of police may be in charge of
2070-644: The French National Police , inspecteur is a former rank of members of the Command and Management Corps. There were several grades of inspecteur , with senior detectives holding the various grades of commissaire . See French National Police for current ranks. In the French customs , inspecteur is the first rank of members of the Command and Management Corps. Currently, in Germany, Inspektor
2139-571: The High Court , for the assault. In August, 2009, it was announced that the police officers accused of attacking Babar Ahmad would face criminal charges. However all four officers were found not guilty in June 2011 after a recording from listening device placed in Mr. Ahmed's home surfaced shortly before the trial which "proved the account originally given by these officers was correct and specific details of
Territorial Support Group - Misplaced Pages Continue
2208-689: The Philippines , inspector is a rank in the Bureau of Jail Management and Penology and the Bureau of Fire Protection . It is above senior officer 4 (executive master sergeant) and below senior inspector (captain). It is regarded as an equivalent of a lieutenant in the army. It was formerly also used by the Philippine National Police . In Poland , inspector ( inspektor ) is a high rank (above podinspektor and młodszy inspektor , but below nadinspektor ), comparable to colonel of
2277-582: The 1981 reorganization and demilitarization of the corps; an Ispettore is thus a sergeant of several sorts, above the rank of Sovrintendente ( superintendent , which is somewhat equal to a senior corporal ) and under the rank of Commissario (commissioner). There are three four inspector ranks in the Polizia di Stato : Vice Ispettore (assistant inspector), Ispettore (inspector), Ispettore Capo ( chief inspector ) and Ispettore Superiore (special inspector, or superior inspector), roughly equivalent to
2346-525: The Operations side of the Specialist Crime & Operations Directorate formed in 2012, with the Specialist Crime side of that Directorate placed under the new Frontline Policing Directorate. The group is currently led by Assistant Commissioner Matt Twist . It consists of several branches: Inspector#United Kingdom Inspector , also police inspector or inspector of police ,
2415-645: The TSG were deployed at the Notting Hill Carnival every year and yet there was not always violence. Jefferson also believes that by controlling the ground the TSG incites violence, Waddington cites examples (including the Battle of the Beanfield ) where problems were caused by the police not controlling the ground and that when they have then tried to gain control violence ensued. Waddington argued that if
2484-623: The armed forces. In the Romanian Police , inspector is a rank senior to subinspector and junior to inspector principal and corresponds to the former rank of police lieutenant ( see Romanian Police § Ranks ). In the Singapore Police Force , there are several ranks that have the title of inspector in it. In the junior police officer category, there is the rank of station inspector, senior station inspector and senior station inspector (2). The title of inspector
2553-405: The battlefield are not appropriate to the streets of our capital". In 1997 a man was beaten by officers from the TSG in what was described as an "outrageous display of brutality", which only stopped when the man pretended to be unconscious. The man was charged with assault and threatening behaviour over the incident but was cleared after photographs of his injuries showed the officers had lied about
2622-474: The call sign prefix "Uniform". Generally each carrier has an advanced (police) driver, six constables, and a sergeant. Territorial Support Groups often comprise three carriers, twenty one constables, and three sergeants reporting to an Inspector. They separately patrol designated areas experiencing serious levels of gang violence or disorder. When deployed, it is by the MPS Information Room. Due to
2691-413: The case under oath. After the man's acquittal the officers went on trial accused of assault in 1999 but were later cleared. In 2003, six officers of the TSG performed what a judge in 2009 called a "serious, gratuitous and prolonged" assault and "religious abuse" on suspect, Babar Ahmad , a 34-year-old IT support analyst who was not subsequently charged with any offence. The officers involved had already been
2760-858: The complaint made by Mr. Ahmad were not present" In 2005 a Kurdish youth recorded an officer on his mobile phone telling him " If you say one more fucking word, I'll smash your fucking Arab face in " after he was stopped near Paddington Green police station. The officer was suspended but denied the charge. Another investigation into six other officers of the TSG by the IPCC was launched following allegations made by three men that they were racially abused during an incident during June 2007 in Paddington . A van of officers stopped after seeing youths mouthing obscenities towards them. The officers appeared in court in December 2008 and were prosecuted; two for racially abusing
2829-419: The entry level – it is followed by Revierinspektor (precinct inspector), Gruppeninspektor (group inspector), Bezirksinspektor (district inspector), Abteilungsinspektor (section inspector), Kontrollinspektor (control inspector) and Chefinspektor (chief inspector). In most Canadian police services the rank of inspector is the first officer/commissioned officer rank, above that of staff sergeant . It
Territorial Support Group - Misplaced Pages Continue
2898-459: The event of a major attack. Potential TSG candidates are selected from mainstream divisional officers. Officers are selected on merit and much emphasis is placed upon their personal policing ability, motivation, resilience and good communication skills. Fitness and stamina are also seen as essential attributes of TSG personnel. Applicants must be recommended by a senior officer (minimum rank of Inspector ) whilst on division. Large police vans are
2967-548: The federal level), Stadtinspektor / Stadtverwaltungsinspektor (city administration inspector), Kreisinspektor / Kreisverwaltungsinspektor (county administration inspector) that serve in supervision of the department. In some regions Inspektor is a colloquial name for any police officer, just like in Austria. In the Hong Kong Police Force , inspector (including probationary inspector, ( senior inspector )
3036-640: The foundation of the Metropolitan Police , formed in 1829 , when it was used to designate the rank immediately below that of superintendent , and many Commonwealth police forces also use the term. Plainclothes detective inspectors are equal in rank to their uniformed counterparts, the prefix " detective " identifying them as having been trained in criminal investigation and being part of or attached to their force's Criminal Investigation Department (CID). The epaulettes of uniformed inspectors, unlike those of constables and sergeants, do not show
3105-594: The incident. Video evidence showed that the officer seen hitting Ian Tomlinson had his face covered, and that the officers involved in both cases were not displaying their identification numbers. Following the investigation into police handling of the protest, the human rights group Liberty called for further study of what it referred to as the "militaristic approach" used by the TSG. The TSG operates from four bases located around London: The 1TSG unit based in Paddington Green Police Station
3174-478: The insignia of an army captain, while in others including the Toronto Police Service and Peel Regional Police , the insignia consists of two maple leaves, similar to an army lieutenant's insignia. Provincial police services and the majority of municipal police services, such as the Toronto Police Service have a staff inspector rank, which ranks above inspector and below superintendent. In
3243-653: The majority of TSG officers are unarmed, and therefore do not engage in the initial confrontation of terrorists, the TSG is equipped and trained to deal with the aftermath or evacuation during or after a terrorism emergency in London, and the unit includes a CBRN (chemical, biological, radiological, nuclear) trained team. Working closely with SO15 (the Metropolitan Police Counter Terrorism Command ) TSG also has counterterrorism responsibilities. 200 TSG officers are now trained as firearms officers, and are available to be called upon in
3312-459: The men, four of misconduct in a public office and one of racially aggravated assault. The Guardian reported that a request may have been made to restrict reporting of the trial by the media. The officer who was driving the van acted as a whistleblower during the trial. One officer, a former Royal Marine , accused in this case was also involved in the assault of Babar Ahmed and has had 31 complaints lodged against him since 1993. In November 2009, he
3381-476: The model for Inspector Lew Erskine, the fictional character played by Efrem Zimbalist Jr. in the 1965–1974 ABC TV series The FBI . Samuel P. Cowley was an FBI inspector in the late 1920s and 1930s who assisted in bringing down notorious gangsters such as John Dillinger in the early 1930s, before his death in November 1934 in a gun battle with Baby Face Nelson . The United States Marshals Service and
3450-602: The prefix "detective" identifying them as having been trained in criminal investigation and being part of the Criminal Investigation Department (CID) or Organised Crime Triad Bureau (OCTB). Several of the HKP's past and current commissioner of chiefs joined the force as a probationary inspector. The Customs and Excise Department also has an inspector rank but with bronze stars and bars rank badges instead. In addition, there are health inspectors from
3519-485: The presence of a commissioner; when this happens, the officer is named Ispettore Superiore – Sostituto Commissario (special inspector – substitute commissioner). Inspectors can serve either in uniformed patrol duties, plainclothed patrol duties, or as detectives. The inspector ranks are the highest that an Italian police officer can reach without having a university degree. In the Royal Malaysia Police ,
SECTION 50
#17327768731723588-414: The presence of the TSG caused violence, then violence would not occur if they were not deployed. Waddington uses examples from three Poll Tax Riots to illustrate that the assumption that their deployment causes violence is not correct. When the TSG were not deployed, serious disorder occurred, including a fully-fledged riot. In contrast when the TSG, including specialists in riot control, were deployed there
3657-471: The provision of a “Commissioner's Reserve”, a section of TSG that is on standby all year round. The Commissioner's Reserve is designed so such units are always available for rapid response of a sizeable number of officers anywhere within the metropolis to quell public order problems, from a bar brawl to large-scale public disorder and public protest . On a day-to-day basis, TSG assists the boroughs in handling and relocating particularly violent prisoners. Whilst
3726-487: The public order nature of their role, numerous carriers will often be assigned. TSG officers can be identified as TSG from the distinctive "U" in their shoulder numbers . Some TSG officers are also plainclothes officers , carrying a taser and handcuffs. Today the TSG has three main tasks in the policing of the Metropolitan Police District : Although public order is not the TSG's only role, it
3795-658: The rank of Brigadir Polisi Kepala (chief police brigadier). In the Garda Síochána in the Republic of Ireland , inspectors ( Irish : cigire ) are senior to sergeants and junior to superintendents . Inspectors may be either detectives or in uniform. There is no rank of chief inspector in the Garda . In the Polizia di Stato , the position of Ispettore (inspector) replaced the rank of Maresciallo (marshal) after
3864-461: The rank of inspector is one level above sub-inspector and one level below assistant superintendent. There are two stages: probation inspector (probation lasts within three years) and inspector. Inspectors are recruited differently from normal police constables, requiring at least a degree, and their training is longer. In the Police of Montenegro , the title of police inspector ( policijski inspektor )
3933-650: The rank of inspector. The rank insignia of probationary inspector and inspector is two pips, with the letters NPCC below it, so as to differentiate NPCC inspectors from Singapore Police Force personnel. In Spain , the rank of inspector exists in the National Police Force of Spain ( Cuerpo Nacional de Policía ), the Catalan Police Force , and several municipal police forces. In the Sri Lanka Police , inspector of police (IP)
4002-457: The ranks ranging from junior sergeant to second lieutenant . A fifth position, called Ispettore Superiore S.U.P.S. , where the acronym stands for Sostituto Ufficiale di Pubblica Sicurezza (special inspector – substitute public safety commissioned officer), is used to designate those inspectors which can act as substitutes for commissioners in the chain of command under certain situations, or in police detachments that are too small to require
4071-703: The result of a freedom of information request made by The Guardian newspaper, it was revealed that more than 5,000 complaints were made against the TSG in 4 years but only 9 have been upheld. Commenting on these figures, a member of the Metropolitan Police Authority stated that officers in the TSG are "practically immune" from criticism. One ex-Metropolitan Police officer suggested that TSG members, "spend (their) days waiting for action, and far too many officers join seeking excitement and physical confrontation." Some officers are ex-military personnel and these are "the worst bullies" as "the laws of
4140-408: The same rank badge as a captain in the army . In addition to the general rank of inspector, some police forces use other ranks such as detective inspector and district inspector. In Austria a similar scheme was used as in Germany. At some point the police inspector was completely removed from the list of service ranks. The current police service has an inspectors service track with Inspektor being
4209-579: The second case, Sgt Delroy (Tony) Smellie was seen hitting Nicola Fisher. Following her complaint, the Crown Prosecution Service announced in September 2009, that there was sufficient evidence to charge Sgt Smellie with assault. He appeared in court on 16 November 2009 and was cleared of assault charges on 31 March 2010 at City of Westminster Magistrates' Court. However, it was reported that he could still face misconduct proceedings over
SECTION 60
#17327768731724278-432: The standard vehicle of TSG and each van transports six constables and a sergeant . Three of these vans can form an operational Serial ready to respond to incidents; following the national PSU model, this would include an inspector, three sergeants, eighteen constables, two medics and three drivers. The TSG also maintains a fleet of armoured Ford F450 based Jankel Guardians for use in serious public order situations, like
4347-504: The subject of as many as 60 complaints about unwarranted assaults against other men. A number of mail sacks containing these complaints were somehow lost. The accusations were investigated by the Independent Police Complaints Commission but that they were found to be unsubstantiated. Five of the six officers were still members of the TSG in 2009. Babar Ahmed was later awarded £60,000 compensation, by
4416-612: The title for internal affairs investigators within a police or sheriff's department, including in Florida's Alachua County Sheriff's Office . In the Wisconsin State Patrol , and others, inspectors are state troopers assigned to the motor carrier safety inspection unit where they enforce trucking laws and regulations. The Michigan State Police recognizes inspector as a formal rank. Unlike municipal or county police/sheriffs' inspectors, Michigan State Police inspectors are
4485-534: The total police personnel in India. In the Indonesian National Police , there are four levels of inspector, which are Inspektur Polisi Satu (first police inspector), Inspektur Polisi Dua (senior police inspector), Ajun Inspektur Polisi Satu (first police inspector adjutant ), and Ajun Inspektur Polisi Dua (second police inspector adjutant). Those ranks are below the rank of Ajun Komisaris Polisi (police commissioner adjutant) and above
4554-435: The use of force should be as minimal as possible and that it should only be used to achieve publicly acceptable purposes. Officers in the TSG have faced criticism about their policing methods and complaints have been made against officers of the TSG. Senior officers say that the type of work that the TSG are involved with, policing protests and performing drug raids makes them more likely to have complaints made against them. As
4623-440: Was cleared of all offences, along with the other officers, and returned to work with the TSG. During the 2009 G-20 London summit protests two officers of the TSG were suspended from duty following publication of videos which recorded alleged assaults on members of the public at the 2009 G-20 London summit protests and at a subsequent memorial. In the first case, the member of the public, Ian Tomlinson , died shortly afterwards. In
4692-510: Was decommissioned in 2016 relating to poor working practices, unauthorised claiming of overtime and bullying. Met Operations Met Operations , also known as Met Ops , is one of the eight business groups which forms the Metropolitan Police Service and is responsible for providing operational support services. It was created during the 2018-19 restructuring of the service, amalgamating many of its functions from
4761-406: Was less violence. What is more he found that the more the police planned for the 'worst-case scenario' the less disorder there was. When they controlled the space and the crowd was at its greatest, violence was lowest. Waddington states that whilst the deployment of the TSG in a riot situation is never desirable, it is often essential to maintain order and limit violence. However, he also believes that
#171828