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56-660: In 1905 the science of meteorology was first introduced to Thailand by the Royal Thai Navy which included meteorology in its navigation course. Seven years later, in 1912, the first meteorological textbook in Thai was published. Thailand’s first meteorological service, known as the Meteorological and Statistics Section, was established in 1923. It was attached to the Water Management Division of

112-470: A Siamese nation. Siamese sailors were part of a volunteer expeditionary force , consisting of medical, motor transport, and aviation detachments. By early-1918, 1,284 men were selected from thousands of volunteers. The force was commanded by Major General Phraya Bhijai Janriddhi and was sent to France. The Battle of Ko Chang took place on 17 January 1941 during the Franco-Thai War in which

168-594: A ceasefire. Within a month of the engagement, the French and the Thais had negotiated a peace that ended the war. During World War II, Siam allied with Japan after Japan invaded Siam on 8 December 1941. Thailand officially joined the war in January 1942. Thai submarines saw service throughout World War II , but saw no combat. Two of them did serve an unconventional role during the war. On 14 April 1945, five months before

224-823: A failed coup against Prime Minister Plaek Phibunsongkhram which led to the sinking of flagship HTMS Sri Ayudhya . In support of South Vietnam and its allies during the Vietnam War , two Thai naval vessels supported ground forces with naval bombardments. The navy's combat forces include the Royal Fleet and the Royal Thai Marine Corps . The 130 vessels of the Royal Fleet include frigates equipped with surface-to-air missiles, fast attack craft armed with surface-to-surface missiles, large coastal patrol craft, coastal minelayers, coastal minesweepers, landing craft, and training ships. The mission space of

280-633: A flotilla of French warships attacked a smaller force of Thai vessels, including a coastal defence ship. The HTMS Thonburi was heavily damaged and grounded on a sand bar at the mouth of the Chanthaburi River , with about 20 dead. The Thai transport HTMS Chang arrived at Ko Chang shortly after the French departed and took the Thonburi in tow, before purposefully running her aground in Laem Ngop. The French suffered 11 men killed. During

336-618: A free-flowing interchange suspended 50 metres above the ground. The bridge opened for traffic on 20 September 2006, before the official opening date of 5 December 2006. It is part of the Bangkok Industrial Ring Road, a royal scheme initiated by King Bhumibol Adulyadej that aims to solve traffic problems within Bangkok and surrounding areas, especially the industrial area around Khlong Toei Port , Southern Bangkok, and Samut Prakan province. According to tradition, all

392-787: A long time, especially in Bang Bo . The province is divided into six districts ( amphoes ). The districts are further subdivided into 50 subdistricts ( tambons ) and 396 villages ( mubans ). As of 13 May 2020, there are: one Samut Prakan Provincial Administrative Organization - PAO ( ongkan borihan suan changwat ) and twenty-two municipal ( thesaban ) areas in the province. The capital Samut Prakan has city ( thesaban nakhon ) status. Further seven have town ( thesaban mueang ) status and fourteen subdistrict municipalities ( thesaban tambon ). The non-municipal areas are administered by 26 Subdistrict Administrative Organizations (SAO) ( ongkan borihan suan tambon ). For national elections ,

448-516: A production capacity of 370,000 vehicles a year. Thai Theparos Public Co., Ltd., a leading Thai condiment manufacturer, has its headquarters in Thai Ban subdistrict, Mueang Samut Prakan district . Samut Prakan's main hospital is Samut Prakan Hospital , a regional hospital operated by the Ministry of Public Health . Samut Prakan is also the location of Chakri Naruebodindra Medical Institute ,

504-672: A short period of copied Vietnamese junks. The most prominent naval battle was at Vàm Nao River . The Paknam Incident was a navy engagement fought during the Franco-Siamese crisis in July 1893. Three French ships violated Siamese territory and warning shots were fired at them by a Siamese fort and a force of gunboats on the Chao Phraya River in Paknam . In the ensuing battle, France prevailed and blockaded Bangkok. Peace

560-526: A strength of up to 15,000 personnel. The RTN recently has two air wings and one Flying Unit of aircraft carrier HTMS Chakri Naruebet , operating 23 fixed-wing aircraft and 26 helicopters from U-Tapao , Songkhla , and Phuket . The First Royal Thai Navy wing has three squadrons; the Second Royal Thai Navy wing has three squadrons and another wing for HTMS Chakri Naruebet Flying Unit. The Royal Thai Navy RTN Riverine Patrol Regiment keeps

616-476: A total of 95 airlines. On social networks, Suvarnabhumi was the world's most popular site for taking Instagram photographs in 2012. The airport inherited the airport code, BKK, from Don Mueang after the older airport ceased international commercial flights. Motorway 7 connects the airport, Bangkok, and the heavily industrial eastern seaboard of Thailand , where most export manufacturing takes place. The Bhumibol Bridge ( Thai : สะพานภูมิพล ), also known as

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672-559: Is Don Mueang International Airport . Suvarnabhumi covers an area of 3,240 hectares (8,000 acres). The airport is on what had formerly been known as Nong Nguhao (Cobra Swamp) in Racha Thewa in Bang Phli , Samut Prakan province, about 25 kilometres (16 mi) east of downtown Bangkok. The terminal building was designed by Helmut Jahn of Murphy / Jahn Architects. It was constructed primarily by ITO Joint Venture . The airport has

728-580: Is identical. The total forest area is 28 km (11 sq mi) or 3 percent of provincial area. The province has a coastline of approximately 47.2 kilometres. Samut Prakan is the site of a skirmish between French and Siamese forces on 13 July 1893, subsequently referred to as the Paknam Incident . This battle resulted in a French victory and the signing of the Franco-Siamese Treaty of 3 October 1893 which ceded territory east of

784-588: Is one of the central provinces ( changwat ) of Thailand , established by the Act Establishing Changwat Samut Prakan, Changwat Nonthaburi, Changwat Samut Sakhon, and Changwat Nakhon Nayok, Buddhist Era 2489 (1946) , which came into force 9 May 1946. It is a part of the Bangkok Metropolitan Region . Neighbouring provinces are Bangkok , to the north and west, and Chachoengsao to the east. Samut Prakan

840-458: Is the type of vessel for Thailand's Royal Barge Procession, when is a ceremony of both religious and royal significance which has taken place for almost 700 years when was the earliest historical evidence of royal barges dates from the Sukhothai period (1238–1438). The royal barges are a blend of craftsmanship and traditional Thai art . The Royal Barge Procession takes place rarely, marking only

896-531: The Andaman Sea ( Indian Ocean ) (Third NAC). RTN also has two air wings and one flying unit on its aircraft carrier. The military history of Thailand encompasses 1,000 years of armed struggle, from wars of independence from the Khmer Empire through to struggles with her regional rivals, Burma and Vietnam , and periods of conflict with Britain and France during the colonial era. The naval arm of

952-420: The Franco-Siamese conflict with a French naval blockade of Bangkok. Of the original six forts only two still exist today, Phi Sua Samut and Phra Chulachomklao. In Thai the word samut is from Sanskrit , samudra , meaning 'ocean' or 'sea', and the word prakan is from Sanskrit, prākāra , meaning 'fortress', 'walls', or 'stronghold'. Samut Prakan lies at the mouth of the Chao Phraya River on

1008-470: The Gulf of Thailand . Thus the province is also sometimes called Pak Nam (ปากน้ำ), Thai for 'mouth of river'. The part of the province on the west side of the river consists mostly of rice paddies and shrimp farms as well as mangrove forests, while the eastern part is the urban centre, including industrial factories. It is part of the Bangkok metropolis. The urbanization on both sides of the provincial boundary

1064-486: The Mekong River to France, territory that forms much of modern Laos . The provincial seal shows the temple Phra Samut Chedi, the most important site of Buddhist worship in the province. The provincial tree is Thespesia populnea . The provincial aquatic life is the snakeskin gourami ( Trichopodus pectoralis ), as it is a vital commercial fish of Samut Prakan. It is widely cultivated and has been famous for

1120-690: The Pathet Lao , a communist political movement and organisation in Laos . Thai Marines today are responsible for border security in Chanthaburi and Trat provinces. They have fought communist insurgents in engagements at Baan Hard Lek, Baan Koat Sai, Baan Nhong Kok, Baan Kradook Chang, Baan Chumrark, and in the battle of Hard Don Nai in Nakhon Phanom Province . They serve in 2019 in the southern border provinces currently affected by

1176-721: The South Thailand insurgency . A monument to their valor stands at the Royal Thai Navy base at Sattahip. The RTMC Reconnaissance Battalion , known as "RECON", is a reconnaissance battalion. It falls under the command of the Royal Thai Marine Division. The mission of Reconnaissance Battalion is to provide task forces to conduct amphibious reconnaissance , ground reconnaissance, battlespace shaping operations, raids , and specialized insertion and extraction. The Naval Special Warfare Command

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1232-598: The United States , and the United Kingdom . Thai shipbuilding companies and RTN dockyards such as Mahidol Adulyadej Naval Dockyard , Asian Marine Services, Marsun Shipbuilding, Italthai Marine , and Bangkok Dock also have the capability to construct vessels. Thailand worked with more than 60 nations in providing help to the Nepali people following an earthquake . Operation Sahayogi Haat ('helping hands')

1288-574: The World Meteorological Organization (WMO) in 1949. It participates in several WMO programmes, most notably World Weather Watch (WWW) and the Tropical Cyclone Programme (TCP). Royal Thai Navy The Royal Thai Navy ( Abrv: RTN, ทร.; Thai : กองทัพเรือไทย , RTGS :  kong thap ruea thai ) is the naval warfare force of Thailand . Established in 1906, it was modernised by

1344-558: The Admiral Prince Abhakara Kiartiwongse (1880–1923) who is known as the father of the Royal Navy. It has a structure that includes the naval fleet, Royal Thai Marine Corps , and Air and Coastal Defence Command . The RTN headquarters is at Sattahip Naval Base. The navy operates three naval area commands (NAC): Northern Gulf of Thailand (First NAC); Southern Gulf of Thailand (Second NAC); and

1400-486: The Industrial Ring Road Bridge ( Thai : สะพานวงแหวนอุตสาหกรรม ) is part of the 13 km long Industrial Ring Road connecting southern Bangkok with Samut Prakan province. The bridge crosses the Chao Phraya River twice, with two cable-stayed spans of lengths of 702 m and 582 m supported by two diamond-shaped pylons 173 m and 164 m high. Where the two spans meet, another road rises to join them at

1456-788: The Japanese surrender, Bangkok's Samsen and Wat Liab Power Plants were bombed by the Allies , leaving the city without electricity. In response to a request from the Bangkok Electricity Authority , the Matchanu and Wirun anchored at the Bangkok Dock Company and served as power generators for one of Bangkok's tram lines. During the Manhattan Rebellion of 1951, the navy was involved in

1512-537: The Navara, Teana, Terra, Note, Almera, March, Sylphy and X-Trail models. Nissan plans to make 190,000 vehicles by the end of its fiscal year 2019, ending next March 2020. Roughly 120,000-130,000 units are pickup trucks , the remainder passenger cars. Nissan produces hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs) based on its e-Power technology and batteries for electric vehicles at a plant in Bang Sao Thong district . It has

1568-596: The RTN was only a naval department of the Royal Thai Army . Its began with the creation of the "Naval Trumpet Band" on 10 June 1878, with the arrival of the new royal yacht Vesatri and her captain, M. Fusco, who later was one of the training instructors. Captain Fusco had the duty to stage musicals for King Rama V when the king traveled by sea, as when King Chulalongkorn visited Europe in 1897. The government assigned

1624-716: The Royal Irrigation Department under the Ministry of Lands and Agriculture. Observation stations were set up in provinces for the collection of meteorological data and for the construction of weir for flood control. In August 1936 the Meteorological and Statistics Section was transferred to the Hydrographic Department of the Royal Thai Navy, where it was known as the Meteorological Division. The Meteorological Division

1680-573: The Royal Thai Navy or Royal Thai Marine Corps . Cadets graduate with a bachelor's degree in engineering or science and are commissioned in the Royal Thai Navy with the rank of ensign (sub-lieutenant). Together with graduates of the other armed forces and police academies they receive their swords from the king personally or the king's representative. Selected first-year cadets of the RTNA are awarded scholarships to study at naval academies abroad. On their return to Thailand they start working as officers in

1736-571: The Royal Thai Navy straightaway. The Naval Medical Department was first set up on 1 April 1890 and is headquartered at Somdech Phra Pinklao Hospital in Bangkok . It provides medical services for sailors of the Royal Thai Navy and operates a number of hospitals in Thailand including Queen Sirikit Naval Hospital in Chonburi , opened on 20 November 1995. A Royal Thai Navy band has existed since

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1792-614: The Thai border during times of heightened tension. Navy SEALs have participated in anti-piracy operations in the Gulf of Thailand . Thai Navy SEALs participated in the Tham Luang cave rescue . The rescue team successfully extricated members of 12 junior football players and their coach, who were trapped in Tham Luang Nang Non Cave in Chiang Rai Province in July 2018. One former Navy SEAL died in

1848-600: The Thailand navy includes rivers and the Gulf of Thailand and the Indian Ocean, which are separated by the Kra Isthmus . Naval affairs are directed by the country's most senior admiral from his Bangkok headquarters. The naval commander in chief is supported by staff groups that plan and administer such activities as logistics, education and training, and various special services. The headquarters general staff function like

1904-600: The army consisted mainly of riverine war craft whose mission was to control the Chao Phraya River and protect ships carrying the army to battle. The warships carried up to 30 musketeers, a large number of rowers and a front 6 or 12-pounder cannons or no guns at all. The Siamese navy was also supported by Chinese immigrants, mostly in Chantaburi . During the era of Taksin the Great , his army successfully sieged

1960-674: The bridges over the Chao Phraya in Bangkok are named after a member of the royal family. In October 2009, it was announced that both bridges would be named after King Bhumibol Adulyadej , with the northern bridge officially named "Bhumibol 1 Bridge" and the southern bridge "Bhumibol 2 Bridge". The structure of the Bhumibol Bridge consists of two parts: Nissan has two factories in the district, together employing 4,000 workers, 30% of them contract workers. Nissan-Thailand has an annual production capacity of 295,000 vehicles, making

2016-469: The corresponding staffs in the Royal Thai Army army and Royal Thai Air Force command structures. The Royal Thai Navy is commanded by the Commander-in-Chief of the Royal Thai Navy, currently, Admiral Jirapol Wongwit, who was appointed in 2024. The Royal Thai Navy headquarters is in Bangkok. The Royal Thai Navy operates three naval area commands: Naval Headquarters The Naval Dockyard

2072-538: The entrance exam, after which they join a three-year preparatory program at the Armed Forces Academies Preparatory School where they study together with army, air force, and police cadets. On successful completion, they enter the academy. After graduation, they attend a further one-year advanced course at Sattahip that leads to a graduate diploma in naval science. On completion of this course, they are ready to work as officers in

2128-511: The most significant cultural and religious events. Royal barge Narai Song Suban Ratchakan Thi Kao or the royal barge Narai Song Suban HM King Rama IX is the only barge out of four royal barges which was built under commission by the Royal Thai Navy, along with the Thai Department of Fine Arts . She was built during the reign of HM King Rama IX Bhumibol Adulyadej , who laid the keel in 1994. Thus Narai Song Suban HM King Rama IX

2184-502: The old capital of Ayutthaya with the help of the Chinese shipwrights who are masters of building war junks , which carried more guns than riverine warcrafts. The timeline of emergence of a Siamese sea fleet is unknown. Most of its sailors were foreign, such as Cham, Malay, and Chinese. It is assumed that in this era, Ships designs changed from shallow draft Chinese junk (Reu-Sam-Pau/Reụ̄x s̄ảp̣heā) to deeper draft Kam-pan and sloop; with

2240-484: The peace, prevents illegal immigration , human trafficking , drug smuggling or any other threats to national security on the Chao Phraya and Mekong Rivers and elsewhere. Royal Thai Navy Riverine Patrol detachments are stationed in several provinces: The Royal Thai Naval Academy in Samut Prakan was established by King Chulalongkorn (Rama V) in 1898, Those who want to enter the academy first have to pass

2296-592: The post-action investigations, the Thai Navy claimed, based on statements by Thai sailors and the fisherman around Ko Chang and merchantmen in Saigon , that heavy damage was seen to have been caused to the French ship Lamotte-Picquet and her squadron. The battle was a tactical victory by the French Navy over the Thai Navy although the strategic result is disputed. The Japanese intervened diplomatically and mediated

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2352-405: The province is divided into three voting districts, one represented by three assemblymen and the other two each by two assemblymen. Suvarnabhumi Airport ( RTGS :  Suwannaphum ; Thai pronunciation: [sù.wān.ná.pʰūːm] ) ( IATA : BKK , ICAO : VTBS ), also known as (New) Bangkok International Airport, is one of two international airports serving Bangkok . The other one

2408-557: The rescue effort. The Air and Coastal Defence Command was formed in 1992 under the control of the Royal Fleet Headquarters, with one coastal defence regiment and one air defence regiment. Personnel were initially drawn from the Royal Thai Marine Corps , but are now being recruited directly. The First Coastal Defence Regiment is based near the Marine Corps facility at Sattahip . The First Air Defence Regiment

2464-463: The world's tallest free-standing control tower (132.2 metres or 434 feet), and the world's fourth largest single-building airport terminal , (563,000 square metres or 6,060,000 square feet). Suvarnabhumi is the twentieth busiest airport in the world , the sixth busiest airport in Asia , and the busiest in the country , handling 63 million passengers in 2018, and is also a major air cargo hub , with

2520-735: The young ensemble under the command of Captain Fusco to the Royal Yacht Maha Chakri' for the voyage to Europe. This band would later become the basis of the Royal Thai Navy Music Division of the RTN Bangkok Naval Base. Today, the RTNMD stations bands in all naval bases and installations, as well as in educational institutions. The navy was the first branch of the Thai military to create a military police unit. The naval military police

2576-506: Was a US military relief operation delivering humanitarian assistance to victims of the April and May 2015 Nepal earthquakes . The Royal Thai Navy assisted relief efforts. A magnitude 7.8 earthquake struck the region of Kathmandu in Nepal on 25 April 2015. Operation Sahayogi Haat for humanitarian relief operations was put into action by Joint Task Force 505 on 6 May 2015. The royal barge

2632-673: Was elevated to departmental status on 23 June 1942. In 1962, the department was transferred from the Royal Thai Navy to the Office of the Prime Minister . The Meteorological Department was transferred from prime minister's office to the Ministry of Transport and Communications on 1 October 1972. On 3 October 2002, the Meteorological Department was moved to the Ministry of Information and Communication Technology (MICT) where it remains today (2016). Thailand joined

2688-403: Was established at the order of Marshal Admiral Paribatra Sukhumbandhu , Prince of Nakhon Sawan, who was a naval commander at that time. The official founding date was on 14 December 1905 by the Department of Mechanical Ships and the Department of Naval Affairs. The Royal Thai Navy fleet consists of ships constructed in Canada , China , Germany , Italy , Singapore , South Korea , Spain ,

2744-439: Was founded in 1932, when the first battalion was formed with the assistance of the United States Marine Corps . It was expanded to a regiment in 1940 and was in action against communist guerrillas throughout the 1950s and 1960s. During the 1960s, the United States Marine Corps assisted in its expansion into a brigade. In December 1978, RECON teams of The Royal Thai Marine Corps were sent to the Mekong River during skirmishes with

2800-576: Was launched on 6 May 1996 to be commissioned and coincide with the celebration of the 50 anniversary of Bhumibol Adulyadej's accession to the throne. The RTN budget for FY 2021 is 48,289 million baht , up from 47,050M baht in FY2020 and 45,485M baht in FY2019. The rank insignia of commissioned officers . The rank insignia of non-commissioned officers and enlisted personnel . Samut Prakan Province#Geography Samut Prakan province , ( Thai : จังหวัดสมุทรปราการ , pronounced [sāmùt prāːkāːn] ) Samut Prakan , or Samutprakan

2856-409: Was near the Naval Air Wing at U-Tapao . Coastal Defence Command was greatly expanded in 1992, following the government's decision in 1988 to charge the RTN with the responsibility of defending the eastern seaboard and Southern Seaboard Development Project. The Second Air Defence Regiment, based at Songkhla , was formed the following year. Some analysts believe that this element will eventually grow to

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2912-498: Was on Arun amarin Road, Siriraj Subdistrict, Bangkoknoi District, Bangkok. It has constructed and repaired ships since the reign of King Mongkut . As ships grew larger, King Chulalongkorn ordered the construction of a large wooden dock. He presided over the opening ceremony on 9 January 1890, a date now considered the birth of the Naval Department. Its headquarters is now at Mahidol Adulyadej Naval Dockyard , Sattahip District , Chonburi Province . The Royal Thai Marine Corps (RTMC)

2968-417: Was previously once home to a Dutch trading post who referred to the area as New Amsterdam. Suvarnabhumi Airport is in Bang Phli district of Samut Prakan province as well as the districts of Bang Kapi , Lat Krabang , and Prawet in neighbouring Bangkok city. The province was created during the era of the Ayutthaya Kingdom , with its administrative centre at Prapadaeng. It was the sea port of Siam, and

3024-407: Was restored on 3 October 1893 after the British put pressure on both the Siamese and French to reach a negotiated settlement. The First World War had no direct impact on Siam due to its distance from the fighting. The war did, however, provide an opportunity for King Rama VI to strengthen his country's position in the international arena. He also used the war as a means to promote the concept of

3080-421: Was secured with forts, town moats, and town walls. King Rama II started building the new centre at Samut Prakan in 1819, after his predecessor King Taksin had abandoned the town fortifications. Altogether six forts were built on both sides of the Chao Phraya River , and on an island in the river the pagoda , Phra Samut Chedi, was erected. These were involved in the Paknam incident of 13 July 1893, which ended

3136-455: Was set up as an underwater demolition assault unit in 1956 with the assistance of the US. A small element of the Navy SEALs has been trained to conduct maritime counter-terrorism missions. The unit has close ties with the United States Navy SEALs and conducts regular joint training exercises. Most of the operations of the Navy SEALs are highly sensitive and are rarely divulged to the public. Navy SEALs have been used to gather intelligence along

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