29-723: The Night Tiger: A Novel is a 2019 novel by Malaysian author Yangsze Choo , written in English. Choo took almost four years to write the book, including visiting the setting of the novel to ensure historical accuracy. In 2022, The Night Tiger was included on the Big Jubilee Read , a list of 70 books by Commonwealth authors produced to celebrate Queen Elizabeth II 's Platinum Jubilee . In 1931, in British Malaya , Ji Lin works as an apprentice dressmaker and dancehall girl. One of her dance partners leaves her with
58-498: A fully-fledged sovereign state with a distinct citizenship. As of 2010, Malaysians make up 0.4% of the world's total population , having relied upon immigration for population growth and social development. Approximately 30% of current Malaysians are first- or second-generation immigrants, and 20 percent of Malaysian residents in the 2000s were not born in Malaysian soil. It is estimated, by 2031, nearly one-half of Malaysians above
87-501: A human finger. Houseboy Ren is trying to fulfil his former master’s dying wish: to find his lost finger within 49 days. Meanwhile, unexplained deaths take place across the area, and there are rumours of the harimau jadian , a tiger that can transform into a human. The Washington Independent Review of Books ' Patricia Schultheis called The Night Tiger "a galloping good read that’s blessedly free of political polemics and post-colonial self-righteousness." In Locus magazine, it
116-645: A quivering, hallucinatory mystery where local and diasporic mythologies come to life. […] a world hopelessly entangled in threads of fate and death, ordered along rules of ritual and folklore." The audiobook of the novel, narrated by Choo herself, was nominated for the 2020 Audie Award for Literary Fiction or Classics . In 2022, The Night Tiger was included on the Big Jubilee Read , a list of 70 books by Commonwealth authors produced to celebrate Queen Elizabeth II 's Platinum Jubilee . Malaysian people Malaysians ( Malay : Orang Malaysia ; Jawi : أورڠ مليسيا ) are citizens who are identified with
145-467: Is the official language, while English is considered the de facto language for business. The Bumiputeras speak various Austronesian and Austroasiatic languages as well as smaller language families such as Tai-Kadai and Creoles . Chinese Malaysians predominantly speak varieties of Chinese from the southern provinces of China. The more common varieties in the country are Cantonese , Mandarin , Hokkien , Hakka , Teochew , Hainanese, and Fuzhou. Tamil
174-628: Is the predominant among Indian Malaysians, though languages like Telugu , Malayalam and Punjabi are also spoken. The Malaysian constitution guarantees freedom of religion while making Islam the state religion. According to the Population and Housing Census 2010 figures, ethnicity and religious beliefs correlate highly. Approximately 61.3% of the population practice Islam , 19.8% practice Buddhism , 9.2% Christianity , 6.3% Hinduism and 1.3% practice Confucianism , Taoism and other traditional Chinese religions . 0.7% declared no religion and
203-645: The Federation of Malaya Executive Council and the Federation of Malaya Legislative Council . The conditions of citizenship of the Federation of Malaya were further tightened using law enforcement and naturalisation by application. Under the laws, the following were automatically granted citizenship: Via naturalisation (by application), one could achieve citizenship, given these criteria: In both cases (via naturalisation), applications must be well-behaved, swear allegiance and clarify their reasons for living in
232-556: The Pusat Tenaga Rakyat (PUTERA), a conglomeration of radical Malay Political Parties and then merged with the All-Malaya Council of Joint Action (AMCJA) which thoroughly opposed the 1948 Federation Agreement for the foundation of the Federation of Malaya. PKMM accused officials selected in the Federation of Malaya of being "puppets" of the "Colonial Office". For PKMM, there was no basis in "preparing Malaya as
261-586: The Straits Settlements , Penang and Malacca . It was established on 1 February 1948. Initially a self-governing colony , Malaya became sovereign on 31 August 1957, and on 16 September 1963, Malaya was superseded by Malaysia when it united with Singapore , North Borneo (Sabah), and Sarawak . Singapore was expelled on 9 August 1965, leaving the original states of Malaya as well as Sarawak and Sabah – now also known as East Malaysia – making up modern-day Malaysia. From 1946 to 1948,
290-679: The Department of Statistics, Malaysia and other government agencies. For the purpose of tabulation and analysis, as well as taking into account the diverse ethnic group in Peninsular Malaysia, Sabah, Federal Territory of Labuan and Sarawak, major ethnic groups according to region as follows: Malay Malay Kadazan-Dusun Bajau Murut Malay Iban Bidayuh Orang Ulu Melanau Other Bumiputera Other Malays / Anak Dagang Indonesian Non-Bumiputera Chinese Indian Others Information collected in
319-550: The Federation was reconstituted as "Malaysia" when it federated with the British territories of Singapore , Sarawak , and North Borneo ; a claim to the latter territory was maintained by the Philippines . Singapore separated from Malaysia to become an independent republic on 9 August 1965. The government of the Federation of Malaya was headed by a British High Commissioner with executive powers, assisted and advised by
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#1732791582357348-668: The Loan and Debt Bill. In 1950, the Federation of Malaya Government rejected the registration of the Malay Nationalist Party of Malaya ( Parti Kebangsaan Melayu Malaya , PKMM) as a legitimate political party. PKMM had two wings, namely Angkatan Pemuda Insaf and Angkatan Wanita Sedar . Initially, PKMM did not have communist leanings. After Mokhtaruddin Lasso was elected as the first PKMM president in October 1946, this party
377-664: The Malayan Union before it, the Federation did not include Singapore, despite its traditional connections with Malaya . The Malaya Agreement was formulated by the British–Malay Pleno Conference between June and December 1946. At the end of the meeting, the Pleno Conference produced a 100-page "Blue Book." It was signed on 21 January 1948 at King House by the Malay rulers, and by Sir Edward Gent as
406-550: The age of 15 will be foreign born or have one foreign born parent. Bumiputera , according to the 2010 Malaysian Census , numbered at 17,523,508 or 61.85% of the country's 28,334,135 population. The Malaysian diaspora has a population of 1,730,152 in 2019, according to the United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs . Malaysia does not keep track of emigration and counts of Malaysians abroad are thus only available courtesy of statistics kept by
435-495: The census including ethnic group and citizenship was based on respondent's answer and did not refer to any official document. Information on citizenship should be used with caution as it is subject to content and coverage errors especially for non-citizens as in censuses in most countries. Malaysia contains speakers of 137 living languages, 41 of which are found in Peninsula Malaysia. Malaysian , or Standard Malay,
464-453: The country of Malaysia . Although citizens make up the majority of Malaysians, non-citizen residents may also claim a Malaysian identity. The country is home to people of various national , ethnic and religious origins. As a result, many Malaysians do not equate their nationality with ethnicity , but with citizenship and allegiance to Malaysia. Majority of the population, however, belong to several clearly defined racial groups within
493-571: The country with their own distinct cultures and traditions: Malays , Orang Asli (aboriginal population), Malaysian Chinese (primarily Han Chinese and Peranakans ), Malaysian Indians (primarily South Asian Tamils and Chitty ). The majority of the non-Malay and non-aboriginal population in modern Malaysia is made up of immigrants and their descendants. Following the initial period of Portuguese, Dutch and then significantly longer British colonisation, different waves (or peaks) of immigration and settlement of non- indigenous peoples took place over
522-509: The course of nearly five centuries and continue today. Malayan independence from the United Kingdom in 1957 grew gradually over the course of latter part of the 20th century since the formation of the Federation of Malaya in 1948 (excluding Crown Colony of Singapore , Crown Colony of North Borneo and Crown Colony of Sarawak ). World War II in particular gave rise to a desire amongst Malayans to have their country recognised as
551-464: The destination countries. The diaspora includes both descendants of early emigrants from Malaysia, as well as more recent emigrants from Malaysia. Since independence, a total of 688,766 naturalised foreigners had been granted Malaysian citizenship while 10,828 individuals had their citizenships revoked. The community of Malaysians in Australian external territory of Christmas Island makes up
580-604: The eleven states formed a single British crown colony known as the Malayan Union . Due to opposition from Malay nationalists, the Union was disbanded and replaced by the Federation of Malaya, which restored the symbolic positions of the rulers of the Malay states. Within the Federation, while the Malay states were protectorates of the United Kingdom, Penang and Malacca remained British colonial territories. Like
609-425: The federation, and are fluent in either the Malay or the English language. The Federation of Malaya, through its constitution, guarantees the rights and special position of the Malay people as well as rights, powers and sovereignty of the Malay rulers in their respective states. The federation agreement (Perjanjian Persekutuan) set the powers of the federal and state governments. Financial matters must be handled by
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#1732791582357638-607: The first meeting that the citizens of the Federation of Malaya did not want the interference of external powers in the affairs of the Federation; the Chinese representative Ong Chong Keng asserted that the Chinese people would be loyal to the Federation of Malaya. At this first Council meeting, several minor committees were formed: The first session passed the Kuala Lumpur City Bill, the Transfer of Power Bill, and
667-568: The majority of the population, while Singapore has the largest minority community of Malaysians , with 952,261 people, followed by Australia , the United Kingdom and the United States . Classification of 2010 Census ethnic group is as set by Inter-Agency Technical Committee (IATC) in Appendix 1. IATC is a committee formed to co-ordinate and monitor the implementation and use of standardised codes, classifications and definitions used by
696-406: The remaining 1.4% practised other religions or did not provide any information. Federation of Malaya The Federation of Malaya ( Malay : Persekutuan Tanah Melayu ; Jawi : ڤرسكوتوان تانه ملايو ), more commonly known as Malaya , was a country of what previously had been the Malayan Union and, before that, British Malaya . It comprised eleven states – nine Malay states and two of
725-526: The representative of the British government. The Agreement superseded the Agreement creating the Malayan Union, and prepared for the establishment of the Federation of Malaya on 1 February 1948. The position of the Malay rulers was also restored. The Federation became independent from British colonial rule and became an independent member of the Commonwealth of Nations on 31 August 1957. In 1963,
754-570: The respective states. The Sultan was given full power on religious issues and Malay customs. Foreign policy and defence continued to be administered by the British government. The federation agreement was made the Constitution of the Federation of Malaya and officially declared on 1 February 1948. The Federation of Malaya Legislative Council held its first meeting in the Tuanku Abdul Rahman Hall, Kuala Lumpur in 1948. It
783-606: Was called "an immersive ride into the past […] a slow burn of a novel that hints early and often at regional myths and legends. There is much more at work here, including the tender sorrow of Ren’s childhood and the violence that has long threatened Ji Lin." Writing in The Harvard Crimson , Kelsey Chen said that, in The Night Tiger , "The world of colonial Malaysia is a pulsing, dynamic land. […] filled with exponentially heightened colors, dreams, and emotions in
812-478: Was influenced with communism. The Young Malays Union ( Kesatuan Melayu Muda , KMM) merged with PKMM, and Burhanuddin al-Helmy became the second PKMM president. Burhanuddin led PKMM toward the formation of Melayu Raya , a merger of Indonesia and Malaya . In December 1947, Ishak Haji Mohamed became the third PKMM president and PKMM switched from communism to nationalism. PKMM tended against United Malays National Organisation (UMNO) and colonisation. PKKM established
841-632: Was opened by the British High Commissioner Sir Edward Gent . Attendees included the British Minister of State for Colonial Affairs , Lord Listowel . The membership of the Council was structured to include: The unofficial members were required to be either Federation citizens or British subjects . In 1948 the ethnic composition of the council was made up as follows: Dato' Onn Jaafar stressed at
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