The American Black Chamber is a 1931 book by Herbert O. Yardley . The book describes the inner workings of the interwar American governmental cryptography organization called the Black Chamber . The cryptography historian David Kahn called the book "the most famous book on cryptology ever published." By describing the inner workings of the organization, the book created large interest and heightened public awareness of the United States's cryptographic abilities. In particular, the Japanese government became aware of the extent of experience that the American government had with cryptography and increased the strength of their own knowledge in cryptography in response. Reviewers suggested the book may have cost the United States significantly in the Pacific theater against Japan in World War II.
39-538: The book was made into the 1935 film Rendezvous starring William Powell and Rosalind Russell . This article about a book on technology is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . This article about a book on politics of the United States is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . This article about a non-fiction book on U.S. history is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . This cryptography-related article
78-525: A card sharp on the episode, "The Honorable Don Charlie Story" of NBC's Wagon Train . On January 16, 1958, he appeared on The Ford Show, Starring Tennessee Ernie Ford . In 1959, Romero was cast as Joaquin in the episode "Caballero" from The Texan , and on September 26 of that year, he hosted the Cuban installment of John Gunther's High Road . In 1960, he was cast as Ricky Valenti in "Crime of Passion" from Pete and Gladys . In 1965, Romero played
117-424: A Mexican rancher feuding with Patrick McCreedy ( Burl Ives ), the owner of a ranch on the opposite side of the border. He appeared in three episodes. Romero later portrayed Peter Stavros on Falcon Crest (from 1985 to 1987). He also appeared in a sixth-season episode of The Golden Girls , where he played a suitor named Tony Delvecchio for Sophia. Apart from these television roles, Romero appeared as A.J. Arno,
156-453: A book, Hollywood Gays , containing a series of claimed interviews in which Romero allegedly came out. Romero died two years before the book was released, and while many of the interviews in the book are disputed as possible forgeries, many are not disputed. Charlie Harper , lead singer of English punk band UK Subs , is reportedly a nephew of Romero. On January 1, 1994, 45 days short of his 87th birthday, Romero died from complications of
195-458: A hotel staffed by enemy agents. Joel jealousy follows them and becomes a hostage of the spies. Gordon is also captured and under duress pretends to decode the position message to the convoy. However he has given them coordinates of the hotel. When the spy ring passes along the information, the Americans intercept it, and Carter recognizes the address. Justice Department agents shoot their way into
234-849: A lead role as the Pathan rebel leader, Khoda Khan, in John Ford 's British Raj -era action film Wee Willie Winkie (1937) starring Shirley Temple and Victor McLaglen and a supporting role as the Indian servant Ram Dass in The Little Princess (1939), also with Temple. He also appeared in a comic turn as a foil for Frank Sinatra and his crew in Ocean's 11 (1960) starring the Rat Pack (Sinatra, Dean Martin , Sammy Davis Jr. , Peter Lawford and Joey Bishop ). Romero sometimes played
273-477: A lively and amusing melodrama", although he referred to Russell as "Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer's second-string Myrna Loy." Variety wrote: "The comedy is cleverly worked into the action and becomes a part of it instead of an interpolation, and herein lies its success. Interest is never diverted from the thread of the story. Powell is at ease as the nonchalant decoder who can face danger with a grin and teams perfectly with Russell. She has both looks and intelligence, playing
312-462: A new code devised by Major Brennan. An ammunition ship is sent first to test the new system. However a German spy ring in the city has already gained access to the code and allows the ship through to lure more valuable troop transports into their U-boat trap. Gordon deciphers the intercepted message and realizing that the code has been compromised, alerts his superiors. A troop convoy has already sailed for France and in three days they will have to send it
351-478: A number of Season 2 Zorro episodes. In 1958, he guest-starred as Ramon Valdez in How to Marry a Millionaire in the episode entitled "The Big Order". He performed the mambo with Gisele MacKenzie on her NBC variety show, The Gisele MacKenzie Show . He guest-starred in 1957 on CBS 's The Lucy–Desi Comedy Hour on the first episode of the seventh season ("Lucy Takes a Cruise to Havana"). He played "Don Carlos",
390-705: A small-time criminal who continually opposes Dexter Riley (played by Kurt Russell ) and his schoolmates of Medfield College in a series of films by Walt Disney Productions in the 1970s. A registered Republican , Romero appeared in the Nixon - Lodge bumper sticker motorcade campaign in October 1960, and four years later, initially supported Henry Cabot Lodge Jr. in the write-in campaign supporting Lodge for president. Romero appreciated and said he liked Lodge's strong anti-Communist stance in South Vietnam where Lodge
429-465: A year when she was cast to replace Loy. Russell recalled: I felt self-conscious. Powell and Loy had been a hit in The Thin Man , they were an unbeatable team, so my first day on Rendezvous , I tried to apologize. 'I know you don't want me, you'd rather have Myrna.' Powell denied it: 'I love Myrna, but I think this is good for you, and I'm glad we're doing it together.' He was not only a dear, he
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#1732783391809468-523: Is Joel's uncle, and that she revealed his true identity to keep him in Washington. The U.S. is deeply concerned about the U-boat threat to its troop and supply convoys headed to France. To defeat the threat, British escorts will meet American transports before they enter the most dangerous zone. The rendezvous point will not be given to the ships until the day before they meet, transmitted by wireless in
507-536: Is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . Rendezvous (1935 film) Rendezvous is a 1935 American spy film set in World War I , directed by William K. Howard , starring William Powell and Rosalind Russell and featuring Binnie Barnes , Lionel Atwill , Cesar Romero and Samuel S. Hinds . Powell plays an American cryptologist who tangles with German spies while falling in love. The film's screenplay by P.J. Wolfson and George Oppenheimer
546-666: The Pacific Theater of Operations . He reported aboard the Coast Guard-crewed assault transport USS Cavalier in November 1943. According to a press release from the period, Romero saw action during the invasions of Tinian and Saipan . The same article mentioned that he preferred to be a regular part of the crew and was eventually promoted to the rating of chief boatswain's mate . The 6'3" [190 cm] Romero routinely played "Latin lovers" in films from
585-577: The Technicolor historical epic Captain from Castile (1947), directed by Henry King . While Power played a fictionalized character, Romero played Hernán Cortés , a historical conquistador in Spain's conquest of the Americas. Among almost countless television credits, Romero appeared several times on The Martha Raye Show in the mid-1950s. He portrayed Don Diego de la Vega's maternal uncle in
624-637: The United States Congress to present the then-dying John Wayne with a Congressional Gold Medal for his service to the nation. Romero was a lifelong bachelor and had no children. Romero made frequent appearances at Hollywood events escorting actresses, such as Joan Crawford , Linda Darnell , Barbara Stanwyck , Lucille Ball , Ann Sheridan , Jane Wyman , Agnes Moorehead, and Ginger Rogers . Many Hollywood historians and biographers have speculated on Romero being very private about his sexuality. In 1996, Boze Hadleigh wrote
663-620: The Wall Street crash of 1929, Romero's Hollywood earnings allowed him to support his large family, all of whom followed him to the American West Coast years later. Romero, who referred to himself as "a Latin from Manhattan", lived on and off with various family members for the rest of his life. On October 12, 1942, he enlisted in the United States Coast Guard as an apprentice seaman and served in
702-602: The leading man , for example in Allan Dwan 's 15 Maiden Lane (1936) opposite Claire Trevor , as well as winning the key role of the Doc Holliday character (with name changed to "Doc Halliday") in Dwan's acclaimed Wyatt Earp saga Frontier Marshal (1939) starring Randolph Scott and Nancy Kelly three years later. 20th Century Fox, along with mogul Darryl Zanuck , selected Romero to co-star with Tyrone Power in
741-512: The 1930s until the 1950s, usually in supporting roles. In 1935, Romero played a leading role The Devil is a Woman opposite Marlene Dietrich . Romero starred as the Cisco Kid in six westerns made between 1939 and 1941. Romero danced and performed comedy in the 20th Century Fox films he starred in opposite Carmen Miranda and Betty Grable , such as Week-End in Havana and Springtime in
780-621: The Rockies , in the 1940s. He also played a minor role as Sinjin, a piano player in Glenn Miller 's band , in the 1942 20th Century Fox musical Orchestra Wives . In The Thin Man (1934), Romero played a villainous supporting role opposite the film's main stars William Powell and Myrna Loy . Many of Romero's films from this early period saw him cast in small character parts , such as Italian gangsters and East Indian princes. Romero had
819-521: The beginning. The studio wanted to see what the audience response was in previews to guide it in crafting a new ending. Howard also announced that he was leaving the production due to a contractual obligation. Cinematographer William H. Daniels also left: they were replaced by Sam Wood and James Wong Howe , respectively, neither of whom received credit for their work. The studio brought in Herman Mankiewicz and Howard Emmett Rogers to work on
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#1732783391809858-579: The day together where Gordon confides that because he once wrote a book on cryptography under a pen name, the army is searching for him to put him to work behind a desk, but he is eager to get into the fighting. Just before he boards his train, Gordon is ordered to report to Assistant Secretary of War John Carter ( Samuel S. Hinds ). Over his objections, Carter assigns Gordon to the code-breaking room to help break an intercepted German message that Major Brennan ( Lionel Atwill ), an experienced British cryptologist, has been unable to decipher. Gordon learns that Carter
897-621: The full use of his voice during his term when part of his larynx was removed due to throat cancer. Romero employed other Hollywood stars to try to help Murphy win re-election in 1970. However, Murphy lost re-election to John V. Tunney , the son of boxing legend Gene Tunney . After Murphy's Senate defeat, Romero scaled back his involvement in politics but would take part for a Hollywood friend, such as Ronald Reagan in his successful gubernatorial bids in 1966 and 1970 as well as all four of his presidential bids in 1968, 1976, 1980, and 1984. Romero also joined with fellow actors and actresses in lobbying
936-557: The head of THRUSH in France in "The Never Never Affair" from The Man from U.N.C.L.E. From 1966 to 1968, he portrayed the Joker on Batman . He refused to shave his moustache for the role, and so the supervillain 's white face makeup was simply smeared over it throughout the series' run and in the 1966 film . His guest star work in the 1970s included a recurring role on the western comedy Alias Smith and Jones as Señor Armendariz,
975-457: The hotel to rescue Gordon and Joel. Gordon resumes his journey to France, but as he is about to board his train, Joel again uses her influence to keep him in Washington. Cast notes: Rendezvous was originally intended as a comedy-mystery vehicle for frequent costars Powell and Myrna Loy , but Loy was "on strike" at the time, in order to get better pay from MGM. Rosalind Russell was still fairly new to Hollywood, having been at MGM for barely
1014-456: The rendezvous location in the no longer secret code. Brennan suspects his mistress, Olivia Karloff ( Binnie Barnes ), has stolen his code. He catches her red-handed, but she shoots and kills him in panic. Her unhappy superiors order her to divert the Americans away from the spy ring. Although he has a circular mailed to Olivia that contains a message written in invisible ink, and has her brought in for questioning, Gordon releases her to lead him to
1053-399: The rendezvous location to the troop convoy. Dining later with Gordon, Olivia "accidentally" drops one of Nieterstein's military medals in her possession into a glass of water, revealing the reagent and his complicity. The stolen code book is found in his possession, planted by his own compatriots, and he is arrested. Nieterstein commits suicide. Gordon forces Olivia to lead him to the spies in
1092-490: The rest of the spies. Joel mistakenly thinks he has been enchanted by her seductive wiles. Olivia covertly warns Captain Nicholas Nieterstein ( Cesar Romero ), an attaché in a foreign embassy who is part of the spy ring, that the Americans have the circular, which requires use of a reagent to reveal the message. Olivia is told that the spy ring is going to betray Nieterstein to dupe the Americans into transmitting
1131-527: The script; it was also reported that George S. Kaufman was involved in script meetings as well. As a result of the rewrites, 17 new sets were built to shoot the new ending, which took place from September 6 to 26, with Wood directing and Howe behind the camera. The film as released, at 94 minutes, was 12 minutes shorter than the preview version, which ran 106 minutes. At the time it was released, The New York Times film critic Andre Sennwald wrote: "With Mr. Powell at his debonair best, Rendezvous emerges as
1170-507: The vacancy; although the appointment seemed reasonable since Salinger had won the primary, it was roundly criticized by Romero and Murphy as cronyism since Salinger had been the White House press secretary for the late President John F. Kennedy , a close ally of Brown. Romero appealed to disappointed Cranston backers after the primary to support Murphy. Romero's urging helped Salinger lose a race no one thought could be lost. Murphy lost
1209-725: The willful girl with delightful spirit." In 1942, the story was updated to World War II and filmed as Pacific Rendezvous with Lee Bowman and Jean Rogers in the Powell and Russell roles. Yardley's book was not credited as a source, nor were adapters Bella and Sam Spewack, but the two original screenwriters, P.J. Wolfson and George Oppenheimer, were given credit for the remake's screenplay. Notes The many lives of Herbert O Yardley (PDF) https://www.nsa.gov/portals/75/documents/news-features/declassified-documents/cryptologic-spectrum/many_lives.pdf Cesar Romero César Julio Romero Jr. (February 15, 1907 – January 1, 1994)
The American Black Chamber - Misplaced Pages Continue
1248-631: Was a first cousin of silent film star Emerson Romero , who was a few years older than César and came to New York in 1907 to attend a school for the deaf. Romero grew up in Bradley Beach, New Jersey , and went to Bradley Beach Elementary School , Asbury Park High School , the Collegiate School , and the Riverdale Country Day School . After his parents lost their sugar-import business and suffered losses in
1287-502: Was a heated contest where Salinger had already narrowly defeated then- California State Controller Alan Cranston , who would become a senator in 1968, in the Democratic primary. Both men had "primaried" Senator Clair Engle , who had sought re-nomination despite being terminally ill with a brain tumor ; Engle died less than two months after the primary. Then-Democratic Governor Pat Brown appointed Salinger instead of Cranston to fill
1326-467: Was an American actor and activist. He was active in film, radio, and television for almost 60 years. His wide range of screen roles included Latin lovers , historical figures in costume dramas, characters in light domestic comedies, and the Joker on the live action Batman television series of the mid-1960s, which was included in TV Guide ' s 2013 list of The 60 Nastiest Villains of All Time. He
1365-480: Was at the time the United States ambassador. During 1964, Romero supported Barry Goldwater in the general election . Also in 1964, Romero was very much involved in the U.S. Senate race in California that pitted one of Romero's best friends and fellow actor, Republican nominee George Murphy (who nicknamed Romero "Butch"), in his bid to oust then-Senator Pierre Salinger , a Democrat . The Senate race
1404-475: Was based on The Blonde Countess , a 1933 novel by Herbert Yardley , founder and head of the Black Chamber , as adapted by Bella and Samuel Spewack . In April 1917, former newspaperman William Gordon ( William Powell ) is commissioned in the U.S. Army. The day before he is to leave Washington, D.C. for France, he meets socialite Joel Carter ( Rosalind Russell ) at an embassy gathering. The couple spend
1443-454: Was cool. If an actor thought he could get any place by having tantrums, watching Bill Powell would have altered his opinion. I remember a story conference during which he objected to a scene that he felt wasn't right for him. He was at once imperious and lucid. 'It's beyond my histrionic ability to do this,' he said. I thought that was delicious. The picture had several working titles including Blonde Countess, White Bird, and Puzzle Man . It
1482-414: Was shot in five weeks from June 24 to July 29, 1935, although production was suspended for a time due to an attack of appendicitis suffered by Binnie Barnes. When it was reported in the press that the studio was going to scrap the picture and rewrite and reshoot it, director William K. Howard responded that, in fact, they were only concerned about the ending of the film, which had been unsatisfactory from
1521-552: Was the first actor to play the character. César Julio Romero Jr. was born in New York City on February 15, 1907, the son of César Julio Romero Sr. (1872–1951) and María Mantilla (1880–1962). His mother was a concert singer and said to be the biological daughter of Cuban national hero José Martí . His father was born in Barcelona and emigrated to the United States in 1888, where he was an import/export merchant. He
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