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Bluebird (disambiguation)

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48-551: A bluebird is one of several species in the songbird genus Sialia . Bluebird or blue bird may also refer to: Bluebird The bluebirds are a North American group of medium-sized, mostly insectivorous or omnivorous birds in the order of Passerines in the genus Sialia of the thrush family (Turdidae). Bluebirds are one of the few thrush genera in the Americas . Bluebirds lay an average of 4 to 6 eggs per clutch. They will usually brood two or three times in

96-519: A blackbird , and in autumn as a hawk . The hawk tries to take Gendenwitha into the sky with him. However, Dawn ties So-son-do-wah to her doorpost. She changes Gendenwitha into the Morning Star , so the hunter can watch her all night but never be with her. Iroquois mythology tells of the Flying Head (Mohawk Kanontsistóntie ), a monster in the form of a giant disembodied head as tall as

144-465: A basal clade in the family Turdidae. Within Sialia the mountain bluebird was sister to the eastern bluebird. The genus contains three species: [REDACTED] Male [REDACTED] Female [REDACTED] Male [REDACTED] Female [REDACTED] Male [REDACTED] Female Bluebirds are territorial and prefer open grassland with scattered trees. This

192-400: A being stung on the lips by a bee or being strangled by a snake while sleeping. The Haudenosaunee believed that telling the stories in summer would make the animals, plants, trees, and humans lazy, as work stops for a good story.. Following are examples of Iroquois myths, as recorded by Harriet Maxwell Converse in 1908, Arthur C. Parker in 1923, and others. The Earth was a thought in

240-406: A daughter named Tekawerahkwa ( transl.  Earth Woman ), whom the west wind impregnates with Hah-gweh-di-yu and Hä-qweh-da-ět-gǎh. As Tekawerahkwa dies by childbirth, either she wishes for her body to sustain the people or Ata-en-sic sows on her grave the seeds she had brought when she fell to Earth, but never planted before. From Tekawerahkwa's body parts grow various crops: the spirits of

288-465: A decline in habitat. In late 2005, Cornell University's Laboratory of Ornithology reported bluebird sightings across the southern U.S. as part of its yearly Backyard Bird Count , a strong indication of the bluebird's return to the region. This upsurge can be attributed largely to a movement of volunteers establishing and maintaining bluebird trails. Bluebirds' consumption of insects make them popular with gardeners. In traditional Iroquois cosmology,

336-399: A huge serpent that was devastating it with diseases. He lures the serpent to a spot on Buffalo Creek where he strikes it with a thunderbolt. Fatally wounded, the serpent tries to escape to the safety of Lake Erie but dies before he gets away. His body floats downstream to the head of Niagara Falls, stretching nearly across the river and arching backward to form a dam. The dammed water breaks

384-512: A man. It is covered with thick hair and has long black wings and long sharp claws. At night, the Flying Head comes to the homes of widows and orphans, beating its wings on the walls of the houses and issuing terrifying cries in an unknown language. A few days after the Flying Head visits, a death claims one of the family. The Seneca name for the Flying Head is Takwánö'ë:yët , meaning whirlwind. According to Iroquois mythology, Djodi'kwado'

432-530: A nesting box or cavity. If the female accepts the male and the nesting site, she alone builds the nest and incubates the eggs. Predators of young bluebirds in the nests can include snakes, cats, and raccoons. Bird species competing with bluebirds for nesting locations include the common starling , American crow , and house sparrow , which take over the nesting sites of bluebirds, killing young, smashing eggs, and probably killing adult bluebirds. Bluebirds are attracted to platform bird feeders, filled with grubs of

480-760: A tradition of a former religious leader from the Tuscarora tribe, in his History of the Dividing Line Betwixt North Carolina and Virginia (1728), The Tuscarora are an Iroquoian -speaking tribe, historically settled in North Carolina , that migrated to the Iroquois Confederacy in New York because of warfare. According to Byrd: [H]owever, their God, being unwilling to root them out for their crimes, did them

528-650: A year. Bluebirds nest from March all the way through August. Bluebirds have blue, or blue and rose beige, plumage. Female birds are less brightly colored than males, although color patterns are similar and there is no noticeable difference in size. The genus Sialia was introduced by the English naturalist William John Swainson in 1827 with the eastern bluebird ( Sialia sialis ) as the type species . A molecular phylogenetic study using mitochondrial sequences published in 2005 found that Sialia , Myadestes (solitaires) and Neocossyphus (African ant-thrushes) formed

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576-506: Is a horned serpent who inhabits the depths of rivers and lakes. He is capable of taking the form of a man and seducing young women. He is prominent in the tales "Thunder Destroys Horned Snake". and "The Horned Serpent Runs Away with a Young Wife who is Rescued by the Thunderer". In the latter, he appears as a helpful being, although his help is less than useful. Hé-no attacks and may have killed Djodi'kwado'. William Byrd II recorded

624-410: Is a great sea of clouds which calls out for light." He orders the uprooting of the council tree and he looks through the hole, down into the depths. He tells Awëöha’i’ (Mohawk: Atsi’tsaká:ion ) ( transl.  Sky Woman ) to look down. Hearing the voice of the sea below calling, Hawëni:yo’ tells Awëöha’i’, who was pregnant, to bring it life. He wraps her in light and drops her down through

672-471: Is a traditional story about a girl who runs off with a man for his looks. The moral of the story is to judge people based on their character, not their looks. The story also teaches people the importance of valuing what they already have. Haudenosaunee storytelling is also entertainment and a way to preserve culture. The stories reflect the Iroquois' perception and understanding of the world. Traditionally,

720-511: Is said that in 1779, the spirits of the Three Sisters visited Seneca Chief Handsome Lake as he wished to join the Iroquois lives lost to the US military's attacks. Inspired by the Three Sisters' visit, Handsome Lake returned to his community, re-teaching it the traditional Iroquois agricultural practices. Iroquois mythology tells of Hé-no , the spirit of thunder who brings rain to nourish

768-489: Is similar to the behavior of many species of woodpeckers . Bluebirds can typically produce between two and four broods during the spring and summer (March through August in the Northeastern United States ). Males identify potential nest sites and try to attract prospective female mates to those nesting sites with special behaviors that include singing and flapping wings, and then placing some material in

816-539: Is the Ga-hon-ga who inhabit rivers and rocks. They live in rocky caves beside streams and have great strength despite their small stature. The Ga-hon-ga enjoy feats of strength and enjoy inviting people to their habitations to compete in contests. They enjoy playing ball with rocks, tossing the rocks high in the air, so they are often called Stone Throwers. The second tribe is the Gan-da-yah who protect and advise

864-417: The dzögä́:ö’ . They sometimes visit the people in the form of a robin for good news, an owl for a warning, or a bat for an imminent life-and-death struggle. Believers in the Gan-da-yah say, "The most minute harmless insect or worm may be the bearer of important 'talk' from the 'Little People' and is not destroyed for the 'trail is broad enough for all ' ".. The third tribe of dzögä́:ö’ are

912-450: The evil twin , Hä-qweh-da-ět-gǎh or Sawiskera ( transl.  Flint ), forces his way out from under his mother's arm, killing her during childbirth . After the death of Ata-en-sic, the island is shrouded in gloom. Hah-gweh-di-yu shapes the sky and creates the Sun from his mother's face saying, "You shall rule here where your face will shine forever." However, Hä-qweh-da-ět-gǎh sets

960-660: The Conechta Clan very sharply for their impiety, they were so provok'd at the Freedom of his Rebukes, that they tied him to a Tree, and shot him with Arrows through the Heart. But their God took instant vengeance on all who had a hand in that Monstrous Act, by lightning from Heaven, & has ever since visited their Nation with a continued Train of Calamities, nor will he ever leave off punishing, and wasting their people, till he shall have blotted every living Soul of them out of

1008-514: The Muskrat returns with some Oeh-dah in his paws. He says, "It's heavy. Who can support it?" The Turtle volunteers and the oeh-dah is placed on top of his shell. The birds fly up and carry Awëöha’i’ on their wings to the Turtle's back. This is how Hah-nu-nah, the Turtle, came to be the earth bearer. When he moves, the sea gets rough and the earth shakes. Once brought to the surface, the oeh-dah from

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1056-488: The Oh-do-was, who inhabit the shadowy places under the earth. In this underworld, there are forests and animals, including a white buffalo. The Oh-do-was guard against poisonous snakes and creatures of death that try to escape from the underworld. Occasionally, the Oh-do-was emerge from the underworld at night and visit the world above where they hold festivals and dance in rings around trees. Afterward, grass will not grow in

1104-562: The World. This is an Iroquois sun myth about three brothers who tire of being on Earth and decide to chase the Sun into the sky. Two of the brothers succeed, with the third succeeding in spirit only. The Sun Spirit remakes and tests the two brothers, who stay in the realm of the sky for many years. They eventually miss their home and return, only to find that many years have passed. With everything they knew either changed or gone, they long to return to

1152-668: The bluebird as a muse, as in the song " Voices in the Sky " by the British rock group The Moody Blues , from their 1968 album In Search of the Lost Chord . Paul McCartney and Wings released McCartney's song " Bluebird " as a single in 1974. " Birdhouse in Your Soul ", the 1989 ode to a nightlight by the band They Might Be Giants , references a "bluebird of friendliness" and a "blue canary" in its lyrics. The titular bluebird of

1200-404: The call of the bluebird is believed to ward off the icy power of Sawiskera , also referred to as Flint, the spirit of the winter. Its call caused Sawiskera to flee in fear and the ice to recede. " Bluebird of Happiness " is a song composed in 1934 by Sandor Harmati, with words by Edward Heyman and additional lyrics by Harry Parr-Davies. " (There'll Be Bluebirds Over) The White Cliffs of Dover "

1248-431: The corn, beans, and squash come from her breasts, hands, and navel respectively; sunflowers from her legs; strawberries from her heart; tobacco from her head; and purple potatoes or sunchokes from her feet. The Three Sisters appear as beautiful maidens. They are fond of each other and like to live near each other. This is an analogy to the three plants which are historically interplanted . One day while O-na-tah,

1296-402: The crops. The Iroquois address Hé-no as Tisote ( transl.  Grandfather ). He appears as a warrior, wearing on his head a magic feather that makes him invulnerable to the attacks of Hah-gweh-di-yu. On his back, he carries a basket filled with pieces of chert which he throws at evil spirits and witches. Hé-no lives in a cave under Niagara Falls . At that time, a young girl lives above

1344-401: The darkling beetle, sold by many online bird product wholesalers as mealworms . Bluebirds will also eat raisins soaked in water. In addition, in winter bluebirds use backyard heated birdbaths. By the 1970s, bluebird numbers had declined by estimates ranging to 70% due to unsuccessful competition with house sparrows and starlings , both introduced species , for nesting cavities, coupled with

1392-426: The falls and is engaged to marry a disagreeable old man. Rather than marry, she climbs into a canoe and heads down the river. The girl and the canoe are carried over the falls; the canoe is seen falling to destruction, but the girl disappears. Hé-no and his two assistants catch her in a blanket and take her to his cave. One of the assistants is taken with her beauty and marries her. Later, Hé-no rescues her village from

1440-520: The first grain. Ga-gaah hovers over the corn fields, guarding them against harm and claiming his share. Aid by assistants or subordinate spirits such as the Huron spirit Ioskeha , Hah-gweh-di-yu creates the first people, heals disease, defeats demons , and gives the Iroquois many magical and ceremonial rituals. Another of his gifts is tobacco , a central part of the Iroquois religion. In contrast, Hä-qweh-da-ět-gǎh brings dangerous and destructive things to

1488-508: The fruits and grains. Throughout the growing season, the Gan-da-yah guards crops against disease and other pests. Their special gift is the strawberry plant; in the spring they loosen the earth so it can grow. They turn strawberry leaves toward the sun and guide their runners. When the strawberries ripen, the Honödí;:ön ( transl.  Company of Faith Keepers ) hold the spring festival with its nighttime dances of thanksgiving to

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1536-578: The great darkness in the west to drive down the Sun. Hah-gweh-di-yu then takes the Moon and stars , his sisters, from his mother's breast and places them to guard the night sky. He gives his mother's body to the earth, the Great Mother from whom all life came. Ga-gaah, the Crow, comes from the sun land carrying a grain of corn in his ear. Hah-gweh-di-yu plants the corn above his mother's body and it becomes

1584-468: The hole. All the birds and animals who live in the great cloud sea are panicked. The Duck asks, "Where can it rest?" The Beaver replies, "Only the oeh-dah ( transl.  earth ) from the bottom of our great sea can hold it. I will get some." The Beaver dives down but never returns. Then, the Duck tries, but its dead body floats to the surface. Many of the other birds and animals try and fail. Finally,

1632-569: The honour to send a Messenger from Heaven to instruct them, and set Them a perfect Example of Integrity and kind Behavior towards one another. But this holy Person, with all his Eloquence and Sanctity of Life, was able to make very little Reformation amongst them. Some few Old Men did listen a little to his Wholesome Advice, but all the Young fellows were quite incorrigible. They not only Neglected his Precepts, but derided and Evil Entreated his Person. At last, taking upon him to reprove some Young Rakes of

1680-401: The mind of Hawëni:yo’ ( transl.  He Who Governs or The Ruler ), the ruler of a great island floating above the clouds. The floating island is a place of calm where all needs are provided and there is no pain or death. The island's inhabitants hold council under a great apple tree. Hawëni:yo’ says, "Let us make a new place where another people can grow. Under our council tree

1728-510: The native themes with poetic and literary interpretations that the material has shrunken in value and can scarcely be considered without many reservations." Each Haudenosaunee village had a Hage'ota or storyteller who was responsible for learning and memorizing the ganondas'hag or stories. Traditionally, no stories were told during the summer months in accordance with the law of the dzögä́:ö’ ( transl.  Little People ). Violators were said to suffer an omen or great evils, such as

1776-470: The ring. Iroquois myths tell of Gaoh , the personification of the wind. He is a giant and an "instrumentality through whom the Great Spirit moves the elements". His home is in the far northern sky. He controls the four winds: north wind (Bear), west wind (Panther), east wind (Moose), and south wind (Fawn). The North Wind is personified by a bear spirit named Ya-o-gah . Ya-o-gah can destroy

1824-528: The rocks, and the snake's body falls onto the rocks below. This forms Horseshoe Falls but destroys Hé-no's home in the process. Iroquois myths tell of the dzögä́:ö’ ( Jo-gä-oh ) or the Little People. The dzögä́:ö’ are invisible nature spirits, similar to the fairies of European myth. They protect and guide the natural world and protect people from unseen hidden enemies. There are three tribes of dzögä́:ö’ . The first tribe

1872-520: The sea floor grows and forms an island. Ata-en-sic ( transl.  Sky Woman ) goes to the island, knowing her time to give birth is near. She hears two voices under her heart. One voice is calm and quiet, but the other is loud and angry. Her children are the Do-yo-da-no or the Twin Gods. The good twin, Hah-gweh-di-yu or Teharonhiakwako ( transl.  Sapling ), is born normally ;

1920-460: The sky". According to Iroquois mythology, So-son-do-wah is a great hunter , known for stalking a supernatural elk . He is captured by Dawn, a goddess who needs him as a watchman. So-son-do-wah falls in love with the human woman Gendenwitha ( transl.  She Who Brings the Day , alternate spelling: Gendewitha ). He tried to woo her with song. In spring, he sings as a bluebird , in summer as

1968-491: The song "Birds", from the 2013 album Government Plates by the Sacramento -based experimental hip hop group Death Grips , is thought to be referencing Charles Bukowski 's poem "Bluebird", wherein bluebirds represent vulnerability that Bukowski felt as a result of child abuse from his father. "Bluebird" is the title of Miranda Lambert 's Country chart-topping late 2019 single from her album Wildcard . The song

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2016-570: The spirit of the corn, is wandering alone, she is captured by the evil Hä-qweh-da-ět-gǎh. Hä-qweh-da-ět-gǎh sends one of his monsters to devastate the fields, and the other sisters run away. Hä-qweh-da-ět-gǎh holds O-na-tah captive in darkness under the earth until a searching ray of sunlight reached the surface. Back on the Earth's surface, she weeps over the devastation to her fields and her abandonment by her sisters. She vows to never again leave her fields, which she guards alone, without her sisters. It

2064-459: The stories were poetic and delivered in metaphors. However, translations often lose the expressive qualities which existed in the original language. It is also possible that Christianity influenced the written mythologies. In 1923, historian Arthur C. Parker wrote, "There is an amazing lack of authentic material on Iroquois-folklore, though much of what arrogates this name itself has been written. The writers, however, have in general so glossed

2112-437: The world with his fiercely cold breath but is kept in check by Gǎ-oh. Ne-o-ga, the south wind, is as "gentle, and kind as the sunbeam". The West Wind, the panther Da-jo-ji, "can climb the high mountains, and tear down the forests...carry the whirlwind on [his] back, and toss the great sea waves high in the air, and snarl at the tempests". O-yan-do-ne, the east wind, blows his breath "to chill the young clouds as they float through

2160-542: The world. Thus, the Do-yo-da-no creation myth is also about the behaviors and morals of people. The Iroquois name De-oh-há-ko means Our Life or Our Supporters. Often called the Three Sisters , the De-oh-há-ko are the spirits of the corn , beans , and squash . In one variant of the myth of Ata-en-sic, the Three Sisters grew from her daughter Tekawerahkwa's dead body. According to this version, Ata-en-sic has

2208-515: The written versions, the spellings of names differ due to transliteration and spelling variations in European languages that were not yet standardized. Variants of the stories exist, reflecting different localities and times. The Haudenosaunee have passed down their stories as a centuries-old oral tradition . Through these stories, listeners learn values, laws, and acceptable behaviors in their communities. For example, "Girl Who Was Not Satisfied"

2256-825: Was co-written by Lambert who has said the song was a reference to the hope and optimism associated with bluebirds. The accompanying video for the song features a mountain bluebird. Iroquois mythology#The Do-yo-da-no The History of the Haudenosaunee includes the creation stories and folktales of the Native Americans who formed the confederacy of the Five Nations Iroquois, later the Six Nations Iroquois Confederacy . Historically, these stories were recorded in wampum and recited, only being written down later. In

2304-481: Was composed in 1941 by Walter Kent to lyrics by Nat Burton looking forward to a time when World War II would be over. Burton was unaware that the bluebird was not indigenous to England. Vera Lynn popularised the song with her performances to the troops. " Bluebird " is a song written by Stephen Stills and recorded by the rock band Buffalo Springfield in 1967. It contains the lyrics "There she sits aloft at perch. Strangest color blue." Songwriters have portrayed

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