Misplaced Pages

#335664

36-398: This novel introduces Natty Bumppo as "Deerslayer," a young frontiersman in early 18th-century New York, who objects to the practice of taking scalps , on the grounds that every living thing should follow "the gifts" of its nature, which would keep European Americans from taking scalps. Two characters who actually seek to take scalps are Deerslayer's foil Henry March (alias "Hurry Harry") and

72-499: A German film with Béla Lugosi as Chingachgook . This was the first part of the two-part Lederstrumpf silent film. 1943: Deerslayer , starring Bruce Kellogg and Jean Parker . 1957: The Deerslayer , starring Lex Barker and Rita Moreno . 1967: Chingachgook, die große Schlange , an East German Red Western from DEFA studios, starring Gojko Mitić . 1990: Зверобой , a Soviet version. 1994: Hawkeye (1994 TV series) , starring Lee Horsley and Lynda Carter ,

108-520: A policy of a free land, notably the Homestead Act of 1862, coupled with railroad land grants that opened cheap (but not free) lands for settlers. In 1890, the frontier line had broken up; census maps defined the frontier line as a line beyond which the population was under 2 persons per square mile. The impact of the frontier in popular culture was enormous, as shown in dime novels , Wild West shows , and after 1910 Western films that were set on

144-465: Is based on the 1841 novel The Deerslayer by James Fenimore Cooper . The second part is called The Last of the Mohicans ( Der Letzte der Mohikaner ). This article related to a German film of the 1920s is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . This 1920s Western film–related article is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . This article about a silent film

180-473: Is debated. The Canadian political thinker Charles Blattberg has argued that such events ought to be seen as part of a process in which Canadians advanced a "border," as distinct from a "frontier," from east to west. According to Blattberg, a border assumes a significantly sharper contrast between the civilized and the uncivilized since unlike a frontier process in which the civilizing force is not supposed to be shaped by what it civilizes. Blattberg criticizes both

216-554: Is yet to comply with the 35-point policy that is set out by the EU. If all or most of Eastern European countries become members, the frontier may be the boundaries with Russia and Turkey. The Deerslayer and Chingachgook The Deerslayer and Chingachgook ( German : Der Wildtöter und Chingachgook ) is the feature-length first part of the two-part 1920 German silent Western film Lederstrumpf ( Leatherstocking ), directed by Arthur Wellin and featuring Bela Lugosi . It

252-1010: The Appalachian Mountains included the Connecticut River Valley. The French and Indian Wars of the 1760s resulted in a complete victory for the British, who took over the French colonial territory west of the Appalachians to the Mississippi River. The Americans began moving across the Appalachians into areas such the Ohio Country and the New River Valley . After victory the American Revolutionary War and

288-719: The Kansas Territory would become "slave" or "free" helped to spark the American Civil War . In general before 1860, Northern Democrats promoted easy land ownership, and Whigs and Southern Democrats resisted the Homestead Acts for supporting the growth of a free farmer population that might oppose slavery and for depoulating the East. When the Republican Party came to power in 1860, it promoted

324-489: The 8th episode Out Of The Past tells how Henry March came to kill Natty Bumppo after Judith's death, fifteen years of the events of The Deerslayer. In 1932, the Leatherstocking Tales were adapted as a thirteen-part serial radio drama. It is directed and performed by Charles Fredrick Lindsay and contains both Deerslayer and Last of the Mohicans . A made-for-television film was released in 1978. The film

360-563: The British colonies generally pursued a more systematic policy of widespread settlement of the New World for cultivation and exploitation of the land, a practice that required the extension of European property rights to the new continent. The typical British settlements were quite compact and small: under a square mile. Conflict with the Native Americans arose out of political issues on who would rule. Early frontier areas east of

396-607: The Canadaian Prairies supported populist and democratic movements in the early 20th century. In the European Union , the frontier is a term used to describe the region beyond its expanding borders. The European Union has designated the countries surrounding it as part of the European Neighbourhood . That is a region primarily of less developed countries, many of which aspire to become part of

SECTION 10

#1732793404336

432-612: The European Union. Current applicants include Turkey and Croatia , and Ukraine has also set itself the primary task of eventually joining EU, as have many small countries in the Balkans and the South Caucasus . Romania and Bulgaria joined the European Union in 2007. Proposals to admit Turkey have been debated but are now currently stalled, partly on the grounds that Turkey is beyond Europe's historic frontier and

468-634: The Laurentian thesis: the most creative and major developments in Canadian history occurred in the metropolitan centres of Central Canada, and the civilization of North America is the civilization of Europe. Innis considered place to be critical in the development of the Canadian West and wrote of the importance of metropolitan areas, settlements, and indigenous people in the creation of markets. Turner and Innis have continued to exert influence over

504-670: The act, and later ransomed by Bumppo, Chingachgook, and Hutter's daughters Judith and Hetty. Bumppo and Chingachgook thereafter plan to rescue Chingachgook's kidnapped betrothed Wah-ta-Wah (alias 'Hist') from the Hurons, but while rescuing her, Bumppo is captured. In his absence, the Hurons invade Hutter's home, and Hutter is scalped alive. On his deathbed, he confesses that Judith and Hetty were not his daughters by birth, and Judith determines to discover her natural father's identity, but her search reveals only that her late mother had been of aristocratic descent, and had married 'Floating Tom' after

540-557: The central issue: the conflict in Leather-Stocking between the forces which draw him to the woods and those which seek to attach him to his human kind. Van Doren calls Judith Hutter one of the few convincing young women in Cooper's works; of the minor characters only the ardent young Chingachgook and the silly Hetty Hutter call for his notice. D. H. Lawrence called The Deerslayer "one of the most beautiful and perfect books in

576-536: The coast and the great rivers such as the St. Lawrence , Connecticut , Hudson , Delaware , Susquehanna River and James . British, French, Spanish, and Dutch patterns of expansion and settlement were quite different from one another. Only a few thousand French migrated to Canada; the habitants settled in villages along the St. Lawrence River, built communities that remained stable for long stretches, and did not leapfrog west

612-399: The collapse of an illicit affair. Later, Judith attempts and fails to rescue Deerslayer. They are all saved at last when March returns with English reinforcements, who massacre the Hurons and mortally wound Hetty. After Hetty's death, Judith proposes marriage to Deerslayer, but is refused, and is last described as the paramour of a soldier. Fifteen years later, Bumppo and Chingachgook return to

648-475: The doctrine of " manifest destiny ", the "frontier" concept also had a massive impact on Native Americans like the declaration of terra nullius enacted by the British around 1835 to legitimize their colonization of Australia . The idea implicitly negated any recognition of legitimate pre-existing occupation and embodied a blank denial of land rights to the indigenous peoples whose territories were being annexed by European colonists. Throughout American history,

684-585: The edge of a settled area" is a special North American development. (Compare the Australian " outback ".) In the Turnerian sense, "frontier" was a technical term that was explicated by hundreds of scholars. In the earliest days of European settlement of the Atlantic Coast, the frontier was essentially any part of the forested interior of the continent beyond the fringe of existing settlements along

720-455: The encounter. That is what Frederick Jackson Turner called "the significance of the frontier." For example, Turner argued in 1893, one change was that unlimited free land in the zone was available and thus offered the psychological sense of unlimited opportunity, which in turn had many consequences, such as optimism, future orientation, shedding of restraints caused by land scarcity, and wastefulness of natural resources. Operating in tandem with

756-537: The expansion of settlement was largely from the east to the west and so the frontier is often identified with "the West." On the Pacific Coast, settlement moved eastward. In New England, it moved north. "Frontier" was borrowed into English from French in the 15th century with the meaning "borderland," the region of a country that fronts on another country (see also marches ). The use of frontier to mean "a region at

SECTION 20

#1732793404336

792-479: The former pirate 'Floating Tom' Hutter, to whom Deerslayer is introduced en route to a rendezvous with the latter's lifelong friend Chingachgook (who first appeared as "Indian John" in The Pioneers ). Shortly before the rendezvous, Hutter's residence is besieged by the indigenous Hurons, and Hutter and March sneak into the camp of the besiegers to kill and scalp as many as they can, but they are captured in

828-613: The frontier and the border "civilizing" processes. The pattern of settlement of the Canadian Prairies began in 1896, when the American Prairies had already achieved statehood. Pioneers then headed north to the " Last Best West ." Before the settlers began to arrive, the North West Mounted Police had been dispatched to the region. When the settlers began to arrive, a system of law and order

864-479: The frontier. The American frontier was generally the edge of settlement in the West and typically was more democratic and free-spirited in nature than the East because of the lack of social and political institutions. The idea that the frontier provided the core defining quality of the United States was elaborated by the great historian Frederick Jackson Turner , who built his Frontier Thesis in 1893 around

900-456: The historiography of the American and Canadian Wests. The Quebec frontier showed little of the individualism or democracy that Turner ascribed to the American zone to the south. The Nova Scotia and Ontario frontiers were more democratic than the rest of Canada, but whether that was caused by the need to be self-reliant on the frontier itself or the presence of large numbers of American immigrants

936-512: The notion. A Canadian frontier thesis was developed by the Canadian historians Harold Adams Innis and J. M. S. Careless , who emphasized the relationship between the center and periphery. Katerberg argues that "in Canada the imagined West must be understood in relation to the mythic power of the North" (Katerberg 2003). Innis's 1930 work The Fur Trade in Canada expounded on what became known as

972-508: The record." He then lists 18 out of 19 rules "governing literary art in domain of romantic fiction" that Cooper violates in The Deerslayer . Proponents of Cooper have criticized Twain's essay as unfair and distorted. Cooper scholars Lance Schachterle and Kent Ljungquist write, "Twain's deliberate misreading of Cooper has been devastating....Twain valued economy of style (a possible but not necessary criterion), but such concision simply

1008-696: The signing Treaty of Paris in 1783, the United States gained formal, if not actual, control of the British lands west of the Appalachians. Many thousands of settlers, typified by Daniel Boone , had already reached Kentucky and Tennessee and adjacent areas. Some areas, such as the Virginia Military District and the Connecticut Western Reserve (both in Ohio ), were used by the states as rewards to veterans of

1044-480: The site to find Hutter's house in ruins. The brunt of Mark Twain 's satire and criticism of Cooper's writing, " Fenimore Cooper's Literary Offenses " (1895), fell on The Deerslayer and The Pathfinder . Twain wrote at the beginning of the essay: "In one place in Deerslayer , and in the restricted space of two-thirds of a page, Cooper has scored 114 offenses against literary art out of a possible 115. It breaks

1080-650: The war. How to formally include the new frontier areas into the nation was an important issue in the Continental Congress in the 1780s and was partly resolved by the Northwest Ordinance (1787). The Southwest Territory saw a similar pattern of settlement pressure. For the next century, the expansion of the nation into those areas, as well as the subsequently-acquired Louisiana Purchase , Oregon Country , and Mexican Cession , attracted hundreds of thousands of settlers. The question of whether

1116-945: The way that the Americans would. Although French fur traders ranged widely through the Great Lakes and Mississippi River watershed, as far as the Rocky Mountains , they did not usually settle down. Actual French settlement in those areas was limited to a few very small villages on the lower Mississippi and in the Illinois Country . Likewise, the Dutch set up fur trading posts in the Hudson River Valley, followed by large grants of land to patroons , who brought in tenant farmers who created compact permanent villages but did not push westward. In contrast,

The Deerslayer - Misplaced Pages Continue

1152-407: The whole as evidence that Cooper's kind of English would prevent anyone from seeing reality. In Carl Van Doren 's view, the book is essentially a romance, at the same time considerably realistic. The dialect is careful, the wordcraft generally sound. The movement is rapid, the incidents varied, and the piece as a whole absorbing. The reality of the piece comes chiefly from the reasoned presentation of

1188-459: The world: flawless as a jewel and of gem-like concentration." In January 1944 Classic Comics adapted the story for issue 17 of the series. French comics artist Jean Ache adapted the story into a newspaper comic for Jeudi-Matin in 1949. 1913: The Deerslayer , starring Harry T. Morey and Wallace Reid . Filmed at Otsego Lake , the actual setting of the novel. Filmed in 1911, released two years later. 1920: The Deerslayer and Chingachgook ,

1224-554: Was already in place, and the Dakotas' lawlessness that was famous for the American "Wild West" did not occur in Canada. The federal government had also sent teams of negotiators to meet with the indigenous peoples of the region. In a series of treaties, the basis for peaceful relations was established, and the long wars with the Natives that occurred in the United States largely did not spread to Canada. Like their American counterparts,

1260-448: Was directed by Richard Friedenberg and starred Steve Forrest as Hawkeye. Frontiersman A frontier is a political and geographical term referring to areas near or beyond a boundary . In the United States , the frontier was the term applied by scholars to the impact of the zone of land beyond the region of existing European occupation. That is, as pioneers moved into the frontier zone they were changed significantly by

1296-436: Was not a characteristic of many early nineteenth-century novelists' work." Similarly, John McWilliams comments: Hilarious though Twain's essay is, it is valid only within its own narrow and sometimes misapplied criteria. Whether Twain is attacking Cooper's diction or Hawkeye's tracking feats, his strategy is to charge Cooper with one small inaccuracy, reconstruct the surrounding narrative or sentence around it, and then produce

#335664