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43-509: In 1796, Moses Cleaveland and his survey party landed on the banks of the Cuyahoga upon their arrival from Connecticut . Early settlers included Lorenzo Carter , whose land holdings included much of what makes up today's East Bank entertainment district, including Whiskey Island , which was created when the mouth of the river was straightened by the Corps of Engineers . Early residents found

86-448: A restaurant menu. The term "bar" refers to the countertop where drinks are prepared and served, and by extension to the overall premises. The term derives from the metal or wooden bar (barrier) that is often located along the length of the "bar". Over many years, heights of bars were lowered, and high stools added, and the brass bar remains today. There have been many different names for public drinking spaces throughout history. In

129-493: A bar originally intended for one demographic profile can become popular with another. For example, a gay or lesbian bar with a dance or disco floor might, over time, attract an increasingly heterosexual clientele, or a blues bar may become a biker bar if most its patrons are bikers. Bars can also be an integral part of larger venues. For example, hotels, casinos and nightclubs are usually home to one or several bars. Other types of bar include: Some persons may designate either

172-473: A bar, though there are many bars that also serve food. In many jurisdictions, if those under legal drinking age are allowed to enter, as is the case with pubs that serve food, they are not allowed to drink; in the U.S., there are 8 states where children may drink in a pub if accompanied by their parents. In some jurisdictions, bars cannot serve a patron who is already intoxicated. Cities and towns usually have legal restrictions on where bars may be located and on

215-474: A delegation from the nearby Mohawk and Seneca tribes opposed the party's entrance into the Western Reserve, claiming it as their territory, but they waived their rights on the receipt of goods valued at $ 1,200. The expedition then coasted along the shore of Lake Erie and landed at the mouth of Conneaut Creek on July 4, 1796, which they named Port Independence. Nearby Native Americans were upset at

258-665: A physician, a chaplain, a boatman, 37 employees, a few emigrants, and two women who accompanied their husbands. Some journeyed by land with the horses and cattle, while the main body went in boats up the Mohawk River , down the Oswego River , along the shore of Lake Ontario , and up the Niagara River , carrying their boats over the seven-mile portage at Niagara Falls . Cleaveland married Esther Champion on March 2, 1797, with whom he had four children. At Buffalo ,

301-471: A room or an area of a room as a home bar . Furniture and arrangements vary from efficient to full bars that could be suited as businesses. Bars categorized by the kind of entertainment they offer: The counter at which drinks are served by a bartender is called "the bar". This term is applied, as a synecdoche , to drinking establishments called "bars". This counter typically stores a variety of beers , wines , liquors , and non-alcoholic ingredients, and

344-515: Is normally called "the bar". The sale and/or consumption of alcoholic beverages was prohibited in the first half of the 20th century in several countries. In the United States, illegal bars during Prohibition were called " speakeasies ", "blind pigs", and "blind tigers". Laws in many U.S. states prohibit minors from entering a bar, such as California. In the UK, minors are permitted to be in

387-606: Is not only remembered through the city's name but through living monuments in the form of trees throughout the Greater Cleveland area. As part of the 150-year anniversary of Moses Cleaveland's party coming to the mouth of the Cuyahoga River, Arthur B. Williams of the Cleveland Museum of Natural History proposed that trees should be identified and labeled if they were alive when Moses Cleaveland came to

430-437: Is organized to facilitate the bartender's work. Counters for serving other types of food and drink may also be called bars. Examples of this usage of the word include snack bars , sushi bars, juice bars , salad bars , dairy bars , and ice cream sundae bars. Bars are a popular setting for fictional works, and in many cases, authors and other creators have developed imaginary bar locations that have become notable, such as

473-489: Is that Cleaveland's surveying party misspelled the name on their original map. In the early 1800s a local newspaper, the Cleveland Advertiser , chose the "Cleveland" spelling, which was then adopted by a rival newspaper. A local legend claims that the words "Cleaveland Advertiser" would not fit on a front-page banner, so the printer removed the extra "a" to make room, and the spelling stuck. Moses Cleaveland

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516-576: The Ohio and Erie Canal Corridor, is also being restored to provide jogging and bike trails for city residents and to preserve part of the Flats history. Whiskey Island has also been purchased by Cuyahoga County in hopes of making it more accessible to residents in the form of a lakefront park. The water quality of the river has also improved since 1970, with fish populations returning increasingly each year. In 2017, Jimmy Buffett's Margaritaville opened on

559-493: The Rust Belt . LTV 's repeated bankruptcies finally led to the closing their plants in 2000 (including Cleveland's plant), until investors formed ISG and resumed scaled-back operations. Over the second half of the 20th century, much of the industry and manufacturing in the Flats closed, leaving decaying buildings and persistent pollution. The chemical-clotted Cuyahoga River caught fire several times; most recently in 1969. In

602-529: The Slavic Village . The mills were the pillar of the city's economy and the largest consumer of water and electricity. Post-war recessions and production shifts to China and Europe hit the steel industry hard. Layoffs in the late 1970s forced many to find work elsewhere, or support from welfare programs. During this time, Cleveland, along with other industrial cities in the region like Youngstown , Pittsburgh , Detroit and Gary , had become known as

645-574: The East Bank of the Flats is being developed and financed by the Wolstein Group and Fairmount Properties. Opening in June 2013, the $ 275 million first phase included a 23-story office tower, 8-story Aloft hotel , restaurants, and a 16,000 sq. ft. health club, The office tower has been named the " Ernst and Young building." The two anchor tenants include the law firm Tucker Ellis and West, and

688-507: The East Bank of the Flats. Another mixed use development, Thunderbird, was announced for Scranton Peninsula, in June, 2018. In late 2021, radio station WKNR AM 850 moved its studios from the Galleria to a new location on the East Bank of The Flats. 41°29′31″N 81°41′46″W  /  41.492°N 81.696°W  / 41.492; -81.696 Moses Cleaveland Moses Cleaveland (January 29, 1754 – November 16, 1806)

731-527: The East bank, Cleveland Aquarium, a performance venue/bar on the West Bank, along with a piano bar, two breweries, a water taxi between the East Bank and the West Bank and many other upscale amenities have changed what was as recently as 2010 a ghost town. Apartments above the tourist area rent in the $ 2000 range, and activity in the Flats might now be surpassing its former glory. The canal's towpath , part of

774-458: The Flats inhospitable with humid summers that brought airborne illness and harsh winters with strong winds and snowfall off Lake Erie . Many took to higher ground in current-day Downtown. Cleveland developed slowly until the arrival of the Ohio and Erie Canal , which brought a trade route from the Ohio River and other southern Ohio cities. The heavily Irish immigrant workforce that built

817-862: The bar for Cheers , Cocktails and Dreams bar in the film Cocktail (1988), the Copacabana bar in the crime film Goodfellas , the rough and tumble Double Deuce in Road House (1989), The Kit Kat Klub in Cabaret , the Korova Milk Bar in the dystopian novel and film adaptation of A Clockwork Orange , the Mos Eisley cantina-bar in Star Wars Episode IV: A New Hope (1977), and the Steinway Beer Garden from

860-687: The canal took residence on the West Bank of the Flats and neighboring Ohio City . Ohio City's rise, fueled by the produce that flowed from Medina County farms along U.S. 42 to the West Side Market , was soon viewed as a threat to Cleveland's development. In response, Cleveland destroyed its half of a floating bridge at Main Street (Main Street Bridge, located near the Cleveland Memorial Shoreway crossing) which

903-477: The colonial era of the United States, taverns were an important meeting place, as most other institutions were weak. During the 19th century saloons were very important to the leisure time of the working class. Today, even when an establishment uses a different name, such as "tavern" or "saloon" or, in the United Kingdom, a "pub", the area of the establishment where the bartender pours or mixes beverages

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946-492: The cry of "Two bridges or none," marched on the new bridge with guns, axes, and other tools. They met a mob of Cleveland residents ready to fight; the ensuing "Bridge War" was put down by county sheriff's officers. The courts ultimately forced Cleveland to rebuild its half of the Main Street Bridge, but the damage had been done, and Ohio City soon became the first area to be annexed by the larger city. A recession in

989-546: The early 1990s, the Flats had the highest concentration of bars in the Midwest , with both locally owned bars, nightclubs, and national restaurant chains lining both sides of the river from the mouth to the Oxbow bend. The Flats and Cleveland had soon become an entertainment mecca and destination for the region. The Flats Oxbow Association was formed to help redevelop the Flats, and housing development soon followed on both sides of

1032-633: The employees named the place Cleaveland in his honor. There were four settlers the first year, and growth was slow initially, reaching only 150 inhabitants in 1820. Cleaveland went home to Connecticut after the 1796 expedition and never returned to Ohio or the city that bears his name. He died in Canterbury, Connecticut , where he is also buried, but a statue of him stands in the Cleveland Public Square . The settlement of "Cleaveland" eventually became known as "Cleveland". One theory

1075-500: The encroachment on their land, but they were appeased with gifts of beads and whiskey and allowed the surveys to proceed. General Cleaveland coasted along the shore with a surveying party and landed at the mouth of the Cuyahoga River on July 22, 1796. He ascended the bank and determined that the spot was a favorable site for a city, with the river on the west and Lake Erie on the north. He had it surveyed into town lots, and

1118-579: The first designated trees having died. There are around 270 Moses Cleaveland Trees as of 2024. Attribution Bar (establishment) A bar , also known as a saloon , a tavern or tippling house , or sometimes as a pub or club , is a retail business that serves alcoholic beverages , such as beer , wine , liquor , cocktails , and other beverages such as mineral water and soft drinks . Bars often also sell snack foods , such as crisps or peanuts , for consumption on their premises. Some types of bars, such as pubs, may also serve food from

1161-424: The glass shelters, and demolishing ticket booths. At Settlers Landing , crews will restore eight etched glass panels that act as wind screens. The artwork depicts scenes of Cleveland's settlement and the evolution of transportation. Several restaurants, bars, a 1200-foot boardwalk, and apartments opened as a part of Phase 2 in 2015. By 2017, the Flats was once again vibrant and tourist friendly. New restaurants on

1204-506: The largest tenant, Ernst and Young . The 450,000 sq. ft. office tower is all Class A office space and features a green, open-air rooftop terrace. The initial opening restaurants and bars included Ken Stewart's, Lago, Flip Side and Wileyville. Two Waterfront Line Cleveland RTA stations , Settlers Landing station and Main Avenue station received $ 375,000 upgrades. Work at both stations includes replacing brick and concrete pavers, repairing

1247-421: The mid-1980s, the Flats saw a resurgence as an entertainment destination. Underground music venues appeared on the East Bank, while mainstream development first took place on the West Bank. The Powerhouse, built to power the city's cable cars, was renovated to include multiple bars, restaurants, and an outdoor music venue. Other warehouses and buildings were also renovated into nightlife destinations. At its peak in

1290-477: The mid-19th century caused the Cleveland Centre mixed commercial and residential plan to collapse, and the land was purchased by industrialists connected to the canal and growing railroad lines. The cities' poor Irish lived along the West Bank in the " Irish Ghetto " near the intersection of Columbus, Carter, Franklin, and Riverbed Roads. Shipmen would find services at establishments like the "Flat Iron",

1333-488: The oldest Irish Bar in the Flats, which was originally a four-story cafeteria and inn. Lumberyards lined the river with freshly cut wood waiting to be shipped. John D. Rockefeller 's Standard Oil Company on the East Bank was putting Cleveland on the map as an industrial power. The Flats' industrial legacy, however, would be defined by its steel mills , located along the river south of the Tremont neighborhood and west of

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1376-520: The possession or sale of alcohol for religious reasons, while others, including Qatar and the United Arab Emirates , allow bars in some specific areas, but only permit non-Muslims to drink in them. A bar's owners and managers choose the bar's name, décor , drink menu, lighting, and other elements which they think will attract a certain kind of patron. However, they have only limited influence over who patronizes their establishment. Thus,

1419-583: The region where the city would be. In 1946, 242 trees from 23 different tree species were nominated to become an official Moses Cleaveland Tree. Each tree's age was verified, and the list of Moses Cleaveland Trees was reduced to 150 trees that were accessible to the public. Each tree was fashioned with a commemorative metal plaque that identified it as one of the Moses Cleaveland Trees. Since this project began in 1946, more trees have been designated as Moses Cleaveland Trees in part due to some of

1462-580: The remains of the Superior Viaduct in 2005. In September 2010, Cleveland Rowing Foundation closed a deal to reclaim 6.5 acres (2.6 ha) of vacant, industrialized land to create Rivergate Park, a public park devoted to rowing , canoeing, kayaking and dragon-boating . The Greater Cleveland Aquarium opened its doors on Jan. 21, 2012 in the FirstEnergy Powerhouse on the West Bank of the Flats. The 70,000-square-foot building

1505-423: The river, with new construction and warehouses being converted into condominiums and apartments . The Flats' 20th century heyday as an entertainment destination was short-lived. Three drowning deaths in one month in 2000, along with a city crackdown on fire and health code violations led to the closing of many bars. Patrons becoming scared off due to safety concerns led to a sharp decrease in business. While this

1548-450: The types of alcohol they may serve to their customers. Some bars may have a license to serve beer and wine, but not hard liquor. In some jurisdictions, patrons buying alcohol must also order food. In some jurisdictions, bar owners have a legal liability for the conduct of patrons who they serve (this liability may arise in cases of driving under the influence which cause injuries or deaths). Many Islamic countries prohibit bars as well as

1591-556: Was a boon for the redevelopment for the Warehouse District , the area just up the hill from the East Bank, it sent shock waves through the Flats' redevelopment. Most of the East Bank went "dark" due to the number of businesses that have closed. In the early 2000s, The West Bank fared better than the East Bank with longtime businesses like Shooters and the Harbor Inn remaining open, and the construction of condominiums at

1634-676: Was a member of Brothers in Unity , graduating in 1777. He was commissioned as an ensign in the 2nd Connecticut Regiment of the Continental Army in 1777 during the American Revolution . In 1779, he was promoted to captain of a company of "sappers and miners" ( combat engineers ) in the newly formed Corps of Engineers . He resigned from the army on June 7, 1781, and started a legal practice in Canterbury. Cleaveland

1677-710: Was a member of the Connecticut convention that ratified the United States Constitution . He was elected to the Connecticut General Assembly several times and was commissioned brigadier general of militia in 1796. He was a shareholder in the Connecticut Land Company which had purchased land from Connecticut located in northeastern Ohio for $ 1,200,000. The land was reserved to Connecticut by Congress and

1720-540: Was an American lawyer, politician, soldier, and surveyor from Connecticut who founded the city of Cleveland , Ohio , while surveying the Connecticut Western Reserve in 1796. During the American Revolution , Cleaveland was the brigadier general of the Connecticut militia. Cleaveland was born in Canterbury , Connecticut Colony , to Colonel Aaron Cleaveland (1725–1785) and Thankful Cleaveland (1733–1822). He studied law at Yale College , where he

1763-475: Was constructed in the late 19th century to generate electricity for the city’s cable cars. Plans were first unveiled in the summer of 2005 include leveling most of buildings in the East Bank and creating a new "neighborhood" that included mixed use live/work spaces, a movie theatre, shopping, a grocery store and riverwalk. The project was delayed by the 2007 Recession and court battles of property acquisition. A multiphase, $ 500 million mixed-use redevelopment along

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1806-559: Was initially known as New Connecticut, but it came to be known as the Western Reserve. Cleaveland was approached by the directors of the company in May 1796 and asked to lead the survey of the tract and the location of purchases. He was also responsible for the negotiations with the Native Americans living on the land. In June 1796, he set out from Schenectady, New York . His party was composed of 50 people, including six surveyors,

1849-490: Was the sole river crossing. Cleveland then built a new bridge further downstream (Columbus Road Bridge) which connected Cleveland Mayor John W. Willey and developer/friend Jas Clark's "Willeyville" and "Cleveland Centre" developments along the newly constructed Columbus Road. The new bridge diverted the produce trade from the West Side Market to the new Central Market. Infuriated Ohio City residents, rallying with

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