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43-541: The Gates was a site-specific work of art by Bulgarian artist Christo Yavacheff and French artist Jeanne-Claude, known jointly as Christo and Jeanne-Claude . The artists installed 7,503 steel " gates " along 23 miles (37 km) of pathways in Central Park in New York City . From each gate hung a panel of deep saffron-colored nylon fabric. The exhibit ran from February 12 through February 27, 2005. In

86-650: A parallax both between locations, and messages, but also by the way one interprets neon signs in the public realm. Site-specific performance art, site-specific visual art and interventions are commissioned for the annual Infecting the City Festival in Cape Town , South Africa. The site-specific nature of the work allows artists to interrogate the contemporary and historic reality of the Central Business District and create work that allows

129-566: A brand by 2013 and manufactured the last Maybach vehicle in December 2012. This was because of poor sales. With poor sales and the heavy impact of the financial crisis of 2007–2008 , Daimler AG undertook a complete review of the Maybach division, approaching Aston Martin to engineer and style the next generation of Maybach models along with the next generation of Lagondas . According to Automotive News , only 44 Maybachs had been sold in

172-441: A cardboard tube around which the fabric was rolled. The fabric part then hung from the horizontal crossbar. By the afternoon of February 12, all of the panels were unfurled. The project staff remained deployed in the park, patrolling, and replacing damaged gates. On many days, staff members distributed free 2.75" square souvenir swatches of the orange fabric to passers by, in part intended to discourage vandalism. Nevertheless, one of

215-406: A definition of site-specific art: "To move the work is to destroy the work." Outdoor site-specific artworks often include landscaping combined with permanently sited sculptural elements; it is sometimes linked with environmental art . Outdoor site-specific artworks can also include dance performances created especially for the site. More broadly, the term is sometimes used for any work that

258-553: A gearbox and steering system – the 'Merritt-Maybach' – for the abortive Nuffield A.16E1 Cruiser tank design. During the Second World War , Maybach produced the engines for most of Nazi Germany 's tanks and half-tracks . These included almost all the production tank engines through Panzer I , II , III , IV and V , the Tiger I and II ( Maybach HL230 ) and other heavy tanks: and also engines for half-tracks such as

301-479: A land form." Site specific environmental art was first described as a movement by architectural critic Catherine Howett and art critic Lucy Lippard . Emerging out of minimalism , site-specific art opposed the Modernist program of subtracting from the artwork all cues that interfere with the fact that it is "art", Modernist art objects were transportable, nomadic, could only exist in the museum space and were

344-478: A new car from the wheels up, as BMW did with Rolls-Royce, or cleverly use the underpinnings of an existing model like the Volkswagen Phaeton for a new Bentley." Furthermore, Maybachs were never advertised as owner-driven vehicles, as the company believed that the luxury amenities would be sufficient to drive sales, and they even insisted that auto journalists (who usually test drive the vehicle) ride in

387-460: A police escort in their Maybach sedan. Christo then left the car and walked to several vantage points, capturing last minute photographs with a professional assistant. After the exhibition closed on February 27, the gates and bases were removed. The materials were industrially recycled, partially as scrap metal . A 2007 documentary film's synopsis by the video's promoters, Kino Lorber, contend this artwork "brought over 4 million visitors from around

430-480: Is more or less permanently attached to a particular location. In this sense, a building with interesting architecture could also be considered a piece of site-specific art. In Geneva, Switzerland, the Contemporary Art Funds are looking for original ways to integrate art into architecture and the public space since 1980. The Neon Parallax project, initiated in 2004, is conceived specifically for

473-1001: The Mercedes-Benz S-Class , the Mercedes-Benz EQS SUV and the Mercedes-Benz GLS-Class under the Mercedes-Maybach name. Wilhelm Maybach was the technical director of the Daimler-Motoren-Gesellschaft (DMG) until he left in 1907. On 23 March 1909, he founded the new company, Luftfahrzeug-Motorenbau GmbH (literally "Aircraft Engine Building Company"), with his son Karl Maybach as director. In 1912, they renamed it to Maybach-Motorenbau GmbH ("Maybach Engine Construction Company"). The company originally developed and manufactured diesel and petrol engines for Zeppelins , and then rail cars. Its Maybach Mb.IVa

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516-504: The Sd.Kfz. 251 personnel carrier and prime movers like the Sd.Kfz. 9 . The engine plant was one of several industries targeted at Friedrichshafen . After WWII, the factory performed some repair work, but automotive production was never restarted, and some 20 years later, the company was renamed MTU Friedrichshafen . Daimler-Benz purchased the company in 1960. Post-1960, the company was mainly used to make special editions of Mercedes cars in

559-497: The Maybach-brand would cease to exist in 2012, making room for other models of the Mercedes-Benz S-Class . The Maybach-limousines were still being sold up to the year 2013, but after that, the name "Maybach" would not be used. On 14 August 2012, parent Daimler AG announced the official discontinuation of Maybach by releasing a price sheet officially discontinuing the Maybach 57, 57S, 62, 62S and Landaulet. On 17 December 2012,

602-519: The Plaine de Plainpalais, a public square of 95'000 square meters, in the heart of the city. The concept consists of commissioning luminous artistic works for the rooftops of the buildings bordering the plaza, in the same way, advertisements are installed on the city's glamorous lakefront. The 14 artists invited had to respect the same legal sizes of luminous advertisements in Geneva. The project thus creates

645-601: The S 500 and S 550 were redesignated S 560 and the flagship was renamed S 650. Assembled on the same Sindelfingen line used for the S-Class, the model is targeted against the Bentley Mulsanne and Rolls-Royce Phantom . At 5.453 metres (17.89 ft) long with a wheelbase of 3.365 metres (11.04 ft) (132.5 inches), it is approximately 20 centimetres (7.9 in) longer than the long-wheelbase S-Class models. The Mercedes-Maybach will be available as S500 (S550 in

688-682: The US in the first ten months of 2011. An article in Fortune noted that Mercedes had missed out on the chance to purchase Rolls-Royce and Bentley when they were up for sale in the 1990s: "Mercedes backpedaled and decided it needed to be in the ultra-luxury business too, but it went after it in a remarkably clumsy way. It further stated that the first Maybach models had poor driving dynamics compared to its contemporaries from Rolls-Royce and Bentley. Mercedes took an aging S-class chassis and plopped an absurdly elongated body on it ... rather than develop

731-500: The US) and S600 models, with 4matic all-wheel-drive optional with the V8 engine. Acceleration is 0 to 60 miles per hour (0 to 97 km/h) in 5.0 seconds. The base car has several colour finish options and the choice between a three-seat rear bench, or two seats reclining. Options include: air-conditioned, heated and massaging seats; heated armrests; a system to pump scented, ionised air around

774-577: The United States; however, these expectations never materialized. In 2007, Mercedes bought back 29 US dealers, reducing the total from 71 to 42. In 2010, only 157 Maybachs were sold worldwide, compared to 2,711 similarly priced Rolls-Royces. By the time of the announcement that the brand was to be laid back to rest, 3,000 had been sold worldwide since the brand was revived in 2002. Daimler announced in November 2011 that Maybach would cease to be

817-645: The W108 and W116 model range, which were virtually hand built. These cars however carried the Mercedes badge and serial numbers. Rolls-Royce Power Systems AG, based in Friedrichshafen , used to manufacture the commercial Maybach diesel engines under the MTU brand through its subsidiary MTU Friedrichshafen GmbH. Daimler presented a luxury concept car at the 1997 Tokyo Motor Show . A production model based on it

860-544: The artists of defacing the landscape. It was seen as an obstruction to bicyclists, who felt that the gates could cause accidents, although cycling was not legal on those paths. The artists received a great deal of their nationwide fame as a frequent object of ridicule by David Letterman , as well as by Keith Olbermann , whose apartment was nearby. According to the artists, the work used 5,390 tons of steel, 315,491 feet (96 km) of vinyl tubing, 99,155 square metres of fabric, and 15,000 sets of brackets and hardware. The textile

903-467: The back seat. Another suggestion for Maybach's struggles was that parent Daimler had failed to differentiate it from its Mercedes-Benz brand. While all three ultra-luxury marques share platforms and engines with other luxury brands from their parent auto company, Maybachs are built alongside the Mercedes-Benz S-Class flagship sedan, whereas Rolls-Royce and Bentley are assembled in England (separate from

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946-407: The base plates if they were covered with snow. Progress was hampered in early 2005 by a major snowstorm on January 22 and extreme cold. On February 7, 2005, more than 100 teams of eight workers, all wearing grey uniform smocks, began erecting the gates and bolting them to the base plates. The artists specified the color as saffron but many local observers described it as orange. The fabric hung from

989-490: The books and other memorabilia distributed by the artists, the project is called The Gates, Central Park, New York, 1979–2005, alluding to the time that passed between the artists' initial proposal and its installation. The Gates was greeted with mixed reactions. Some people loved the work for brightening the bleak winter landscape and encouraging late-night pedestrian traffic in Central Park; others hated it, accusing

1032-600: The cabin; and a 1540 watt Burmester 3D surround sound system with 24 speakers. Maybach S500 assembly in Pune , India, began in September 2015, making India the second country to produce a Maybach. The first Mercedes-Maybach concept car is the Vision Mercedes-Maybach 6 , a large two-door coupe with a fully electric drivetrain. The model was unveiled at the 2016 Pebble Beach Concours d'Elegance . 2 were

1075-456: The city's users to engage and interact with public spaces in new and memorable ways. Maybach Maybach ( German: [ˈmaɪbax] , MY -baakh ) is a German luxury car brand owned by and a part of Mercedes-Benz AG . The original company was founded in 1909 by Wilhelm Maybach and his son Karl Maybach, originally as a subsidiary of Luftschiffbau Zeppelin GmbH , and it

1118-529: The crossbars at the top, 16 feet (5 m) high, from which it was unfurled on opening day, February 12. The most common width seems to have been 11 feet (3 m) although the width varied, depending on the width of the path, from 5 feet 6 inches to 18 feet. The project was officially launched on February 12, 2005, when then-New York Mayor Michael R. Bloomberg dropped the first piece of fabric at 8:30 a.m., with Christo and Jeanne-Claude in attendance. The rest of The Gates were opened subsequently throughout

1161-532: The entrance to Shinto shrines . Thousands of vermilion -colored torii line the paths of the Fushimi Inari shrine in Kyoto , Japan . Successful Japanese businessmen traditionally purchased a gate in gratitude to Inari , the god of worldly prosperity. Notes Other sources Site-specific art The term "site-specific art" was promoted and refined by Californian artist Robert Irwin but it

1204-637: The gates, near the Shakespeare Garden in front of the Delacorte Theatre, was vandalized and replaced frequently. The swatches remain highly collectible and trade on eBay for about $ 10 each. The installation was set to close February 27, 2005. Christo and Jeanne-Claude also visited the installation on the last day, entering Central Park at its less congested northern end. Although the Park's roadways were closed to vehicles, they traveled with

1247-593: The last Maybach vehicle was manufactured in Sindelfingen. The company announced that the line would be replaced by the next-generation of the Mercedes-Benz S-Class, Model W222 , due for the 2014 model year, particularly the long wheelbase S-Class Pullman. An executive told a Frankfurt newspaper that "Daimler came to the conclusion that the sales chances for the Mercedes brand were better than that of Maybach." In November 2014, Daimler announced

1290-550: The museum as an institution that sets the rules for artists and viewers. Jean-Max Albert , created Sculptures Bachelard in Parc de la Villette related to the site, or Carlotta’s Smile , a trellis construction related to Ar. Co,’s architecture Lisbon , and to a choreography in collaboration with Michala Marcus and Carlos Zingaro , 1979. When the public debate over Tilted Arc (1981) resulted in its removal in 1989, its author Richard Serra reacted with what can be considered

1333-525: The objects of the market and commodification. Since 1960 the artists were trying to find a way out of this situation, and thus drew attention to the site and the context around this site. The work of art was created in the site and could only exist and in such circumstances - it can not be moved or changed. The notion of "site" precisely references the current location, which comprises a unique combination of physical elements: depth, length, weight, height, shape, walls, temperature. Works of art began to emerge from

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1376-406: The park and were completed within the next few hours with large crowds of people watching. Generally, the crews of workers who erected the gates were assigned to open them. They walked underneath, and used a hook at the end of a long stick to pull a loop hanging from the crossbar of each gate. That opened the cloth bag containing the fabric panel part of the gate. The bag fell to the ground, along with

1419-451: The park. The artists sold pieces of their own artwork, including preparatory drawings for The Gates , to finance the project. The artists said the project cost of $ 21 million. But Greg Allen and The New York Times attempted to itemize the costs and could account for about $ 5–10 million, given reasonable estimates for parts, labor, and costs related to the staffing of the installation. Installation began on February 13, 2004. During

1462-489: The rest of BMW and Volkswagen Group 's respective production plants), and thus are regarded as being more "exclusive". Furthermore, the Maybach's pedigree was virtually unknown outside of Germany, unlike its British rivals which have long enjoyed renown worldwide; indeed the 2006 Rolls-Royce Phantom 's interior evokes memories of a 1930s car while the Maybach 57S's inside makes no reference to its marque's history. In November 2011, Daimler's CEO Dieter Zetsche announced that

1505-471: The revival of the Maybach name as a sub-brand of the Mercedes-Benz S-Class (W222) , positioned as an upscale version akin to the more sporty Mercedes-AMG sub-brand. In anticipation of its April 2015 launch, the flagship Mercedes-Maybach S600 was unveiled at car shows in Los Angeles , United States, and Guangzhou , China, and the production model at the 2015 Geneva Motor Show . During the facelift,

1548-487: The walls of the museum and galleries ( Daniel Buren , Within and Beyond the Frame, John Weber Gallery, New York, 1973), were created specifically for the museum and galleries ( Michael Asher , untitled installation at Claire Copley Gallery, Los Angeles, 1974, Hans Haacke , Condensation Cube, 1963–65, Mierle Laderman Ukeles , Hartford Wash: Washing Tracks, Maintenance Outside, Wadsworth Atheneum, Hartford, 1973), thus criticizing

1591-424: The week of March 17, Central Park filled with workers using forklifts to move the rectangular steel plates into position. Small signs with alphanumeric codes along the park's walkways guided the placement of each piece. By April 10, most of the rectangular metal plates were positioned. All had small orange plastic markers sticking up two feet (around half a meter) from each end, possibly intended to help people find

1634-435: The world to Central Park." Albert Maysles's HBO movie The Gates , about the installation, aired February 26, 2008, won a Peabody Award that same year. The science fiction movie Marjorie Prime features a fragmented memory from the female lead, Marjorie, about her experience of sitting on a park bench during this installation. The Gates alludes to the tradition of Japanese torii gates, traditionally constructed at

1677-509: Was actually first used in the mid-1970s by young sculptors, such as Patricia Johanson , Dennis Oppenheim , and Athena Tacha , who had started executing public commissions for large urban sites. For Two Jumps for Dead Dog Creek (1970), Oppenheim attempted a series of standing jumps at a selected site in Idaho, where "the width of the creek became a specific goal to which I geared a bodily activity," with his two successful jumps being "dictated by

1720-646: Was introduced in two sizes – the Maybach 57 and the Maybach 62 , reflecting the lengths of the automobiles in decimetres . In 2005 the 57S was added, powered by a 6.0 L V12 bi-turbo engine producing 450 kW (603 hp) and 1,000 N⋅m (738 lbf⋅ft) of torque, and featuring various cosmetic touches. To promote the new Maybach line, Mercedes-Benz engaged figures such as Maybach heir Ulrich Schmid-Maybach and golfer Nick Faldo to serve as brand ambassadors . Initially, Daimler-Chrysler predicted annual sales of 2,000 worldwide with 50 percent coming from

1763-518: Was known as Luftfahrzeug-Motorenbau GmbH until 1999. In 1960, Maybach was acquired by Daimler-Benz . The name returned as a standalone ultra-luxury car brand in 2002, sharing significant components with Mercedes-Benz cars. After slow sales, Maybach ceased to be a standalone brand by 2013, and it became (in 2015) a sub-brand of Mercedes-Benz, which the Mercedes-Benz Group owns. As of 2021 , Daimler produces an ultra-luxury edition of

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1806-590: Was produced and sewn in Germany. The gates were assembled in a 25,000-square-foot (2,300 m²) Long Island facility, then trucked to Central Park. The steel was machined at the Charles C. Lewis Steel Company in Springfield, MA. As one of the conditions for use of the park space, the steel bases rested upon the walkways, but were unattached to them, so that no holes were drilled and no permanent changes were made to

1849-588: Was used in aircraft and airships of World War I. The company first built an experimental car in 1919, introduced as a production model two years later at the Berlin Motor Show. Between 1921 and 1940, the company produced a variety of opulent vehicles, now regarded as classics. The company also continued to build heavy-duty diesel engines for marine and rail purposes. Maybach had a British subsidiary, Maybach Gears Ltd., that specialised in gearboxes. In 1938, in conjunction with Dr Henry Merritt, they produced

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