85-526: The Greengage Summer (called Loss of Innocence in the U.S.) is a 1961 British drama film directed by Lewis Gilbert and starring Kenneth More and Susannah York (in her first leading role). It was based on the novel The Greengage Summer (1958) by Rumer Godden . Set in Épernay , in the Champagne region of France, it is the story of the transition of a teenage girl into womanhood. More later named it as his favourite film, stating, "[Susannah York]
170-466: A James Bond -type spy spoof co-starring Robert Morley ; Modesty Blaise (1966), a campy spy send-up playing archvillain Gabriel opposite Monica Vitti and Terence Stamp and directed by Joseph Losey; The Fixer (1968), based on Bernard Malamud 's novel, co-starring Alan Bates ; Sebastian (1968), as Sebastian, a mathematician working on code decryption, who falls in love with Susannah York ,
255-455: A court-martial , reluctantly defending deserter Tom Courtenay . He won a second BAFTA for his role as a television broadcaster-writer Robert Gold in Darling (1965), directed by John Schlesinger . Bogarde, Losey and Pinter reunited for Accident (1967), which recounted the travails of Stephen, a bored Oxford University professor. Our Mother's House (1967) is an off-beat film noir and
340-427: A 1986 Yorkshire Television interview with Russell Harty , Bogarde recalled going on painting trips, sometimes to see the villages which he had selected as targets: I found what I had thought in the rubble were a whole row of footballs , and they weren't footballs ... they were children's heads ... A whole school of kids, a convent , had been pulled out of school, and lined up in this little narrow alleyway between
425-462: A better understanding of the film. According to the taxonomy, combining the type with the genre does not create a separate genre. For instance, the "Horror Drama" is simply a dramatic horror film (as opposed to a comedic horror film). "Horror Drama" is not a genre separate from the horror genre or the drama type. Crime dramas explore themes of truth, justice, and freedom, and contain the fundamental dichotomy of "criminal vs. lawman". Crime films make
510-486: A controversial performance as Lieutenant General Frederick 'Boy' Browning . Bogarde claimed he had known General Browning from his time on Field Marshal Montgomery's staff during the war, and took issue with the largely negative portrayal of the general whom he played in A Bridge Too Far . Browning's widow, author Dame Daphne du Maurier , ferociously attacked his characterisation and "the resultant establishment fallout, much of it homophobic , wrongly convinced [Bogarde] that
595-549: A cottage on the Bendrose Estate in Little Chalfont , Buckinghamshire , the family home of his business manager and partner, Anthony 'Tote' Forwood. Bogarde subsequently lived in the area for some 40 years. After an unsuccessful attempt to gain planning permission to convert the estate into a housing development, Bogarde bought the adjoining Beel House and Park from William Lowndes for £4,000. After tearing down
680-527: A decadent valet, in The Servant (1963), with a script by Harold Pinter , and which garnered Bogarde a BAFTA Award. That year also saw the release of The Mind Benders , in which he played a professor conducting sensory deprivation experiments at Oxford University (and which anticipates Altered States (1980)). The following year saw another collaboration with Losey in the antiwar film King and Country , in which Bogarde played an army officer at
765-533: A decrypter in the all-female decoding office he heads for British Intelligence , also co-starring Sir John Gielgud and Lilli Palmer , co-produced by Michael Powell; Oh! What a Lovely War (1969), co-starring Sir John Gielgud and Sir Laurence Olivier and directed by Richard Attenborough ; Justine (1969), directed by George Cukor; Le Serpent (1973), co-starring Henry Fonda and Yul Brynner ; A Bridge Too Far (1977), also starring Sean Connery , and again directed by Richard Attenborough, saw Bogarde give
850-470: A film about doctors and that Bogarde, who up to then had played character roles, had sex appeal and could play light comedy. They were allocated a modest budget and were allowed to use only available Rank contract artists. The film was the first of the Doctor film series based on the books by Richard Gordon . In The Sleeping Tiger (1954), Bogarde played a neurotic criminal with co-star Alexis Smith . It
935-484: A first volume A Postillion Struck by Lightning (an allusion to the phrase My postillion has been struck by lightning ), he wrote a series of 15 best-selling books—nine volumes of memoirs and six novels, as well as essays, reviews, poetry and collected journalism. As a writer, Bogarde displayed a witty, elegant, highly literate and thoughtful style. While under contract with the Rank Organisation, Bogarde
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#17328012572351020-585: A liking to Paul and begs Joss to get Eliot to reconsider, which he does. But later he becomes angry when shutterbug Hester takes his picture. Then he rushes out of a tour of caves where champagne is stored to avoid famous guest Monsieur Renard, the best policeman in France. He also insists on turning away potential guests. Tensions come to a boiling point when Zisi throws a glass of champagne in her rival's face. Eliot chases after her, saying—within Joss's hearing—that she
1105-537: A medical student in Doctor in the House (1954), a film that made him one of the most popular British stars of the 1950s. The film co-starred Kenneth More and Donald Sinden , with James Robertson Justice as their crabby mentor. The production was initiated by Betty Box, who had picked up a copy of the book at Crewe during a long rail journey and had seen its possibility as a film. Box and Ralph Thomas had difficulties convincing Rank executives that people would go to
1190-685: A more central component of the story, along with serious content. Examples include Three Colours: White (1994), The Truman Show (1998), The Man Without a Past (2002), The Best Exotic Marigold Hotel (2011), and Silver Linings Playbook (2012). Coined by film professor Ken Dancyger , these stories exaggerate characters and situations to the point of becoming fable, legend or fairy tale. Examples: Fantastic Mr. Fox (2009) and Maleficent (2014). Light dramas are light-hearted stories that are, nevertheless, serious in nature. Examples: The Help (2011) and The Terminal (2004). Psychological dramas are dramas that focus on
1275-400: A particular setting or subject matter, or they combine a drama's otherwise serious tone with elements that encourage a broader range of moods . To these ends, a primary element in a drama is the occurrence of conflict —emotional, social, or otherwise—and its resolution in the course of the storyline. All forms of cinema or television that involve fictional stories are forms of drama in
1360-633: A person's life and raises their level of importance. The "small things in life" feel as important to the protagonist (and the audience) as the climactic battle in an action film, or the final shootout in a western. Often, the protagonists deal with multiple, overlapping issues in the course of the film – just as we do in life. Films of this type/genre combination include: The Wrestler (2008), Fruitvale Station (2013), and Locke (2013). Romantic dramas are films with central themes that reinforce our beliefs about love (e.g.: themes such as "love at first sight", "love conquers all", or "there
1445-659: A provincial repertory group". His first on-screen appearance was as an uncredited extra in the George Formby comedy, Come On George! (1939). During the war, Derek "Pip" Bogaerde served in the British Army , initially with the Royal Corps of Signals . He was then commissioned at the age of 22 into the Queen's Royal Regiment (West Surrey) on 2 April 1943 with the rank of second lieutenant . He served in both
1530-464: A specific approach to drama but, rather, consider drama as a lack of comedic techniques. Examples: Ghost World (2001) and Wuthering Heights (2011). According to the Screenwriters' Taxonomy, all film descriptions should contain their type (comedy or drama) combined with one (or more) of the eleven super-genres. This combination does not create a separate genre, but rather, provides
1615-541: A young girl in love with an older man did not work at the box office such as Love in the Afternoon . Lewis Gilbert thought Kenneth More was miscast. "He was somehow too normal, it didn't quite work; that's a role Dirk [Bogarde] should have played because you could well imagine a girl of fifteen or sixteen falling in love with Dirk." It was the last film More and Gilbert made together after several successful collaborations. Susannah York also felt that, though she "loved"
1700-505: A younger sister, Elizabeth (born 1924), and a brother, Gareth Ulric Van Den Bogaerde, an advertising film producer, born in July 1933 in Hendon . Conditions in the family home in north London became cramped, so Bogarde was moved to Glasgow to stay with relatives of his mother. He stayed there for more than three years, returning at the end of 1937. He attended University College School and
1785-447: Is a category or genre of narrative fiction (or semi-fiction ) intended to be more serious than humorous in tone. The drama of this kind is usually qualified with additional terms that specify its particular super-genre, macro-genre, or micro-genre, such as soap opera , police crime drama , political drama , legal drama , historical drama , domestic drama , teen drama , and comedy-drama (dramedy). These terms tend to indicate
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#17328012572351870-526: Is a final fight to the death; the idea of the protagonists facing death is a central expectation in a war drama film. In a war film even though the enemy may out-number, or out-power, the hero, we assume that the enemy can be defeated if only the hero can figure out how. Examples include: Apocalypse Now (1979), Come and See (1985), Braveheart (1995), Life Is Beautiful (1997), Black Book (2006), The Hurt Locker (2008), 1944 (2015), Wildeye (2015), and 1917 (2019). Films in
1955-434: Is from Eliot and that he is trying to escape across the border to Germany on a river barge. Renard explains that Eliot is now also suspected of murdering Paul, but Joss states he died in an accident after trying to escape from her room. With it now almost certain that the police will capture Eliot attempting to escape via the river barge, Hester breaks down in tears and is consoled by her uncle, while Joss walks away alone from
2040-463: Is only a child. Learning from a newspaper article that Eliot is a notorious jewel thief, the outraged Joss mails Hester's photo of him to the police. Eliot has already decided to leave. He sneaks out late at night, but, on hearing a drunken Paul attack Joss in her bedroom on the second floor, he rushes up to her room. He punches Paul, who then tries to climb down a drainpipe, but the pipe breaks and Paul falls to his death. Eliot tells everyone not to call
2125-421: Is someone out there for everyone"); the story typically revolves around characters falling into (and out of, and back into) love. Annie Hall (1977), The Notebook (2004), Carol (2015), Her (2013) , and La La Land (2016) are examples of romance dramas. The science fiction drama film is often the story of a protagonist (and their allies) facing something "unknown" that has the potential to change
2210-622: Is that in a documentary it uses real people to describe history or current events; in a docudrama it uses professionally trained actors to play the roles in the current event, that is "dramatized" a bit. Examples: Black Mass (2015) and Zodiac (2007). Unlike docudramas, docu-fictional films combine documentary and fiction, where actual footage or real events are intermingled with recreated scenes. Examples: Interior. Leather Bar (2013) and Your Name Here (2015). Many otherwise serious productions have humorous scenes and characters intended to provide comic relief . A comedy drama has humor as
2295-615: The "B.8" airfield at Sommervieu , near Bayeux . As an air photographic interpreter with the rank of captain , Bogarde was later attached to the Second Army , where he selected ground targets in France, Holland and Germany for the Second Tactical Air Force and RAF Bomber Command . Villages on key routes were heavily bombed to prevent the Wehrmacht 's armour from reaching the invasion lodgement areas. In
2380-591: The BAFTA Award for Best Actor in a Leading Role , for The Servant (1963) and Darling (1965). His other notable film roles included Victim (1961), Accident (1967), The Damned (1969), Death in Venice (1971), The Night Porter (1974), A Bridge Too Far (1977) and Despair (1978). He was appointed a Commander of the Order of Arts and Letters in 1990 and a Knight Bachelor in 1992. Bogarde
2465-523: The Doctor film series, with later Bond girl Shirley Eaton ; the Powell and Pressburger production Ill Met by Moonlight (1957) co-starring Marius Goring as German General Kreipe , kidnapped on Crete by Patrick "Paddy" Leigh Fermor (Bogarde) and W. Stanley Moss (David Oxley), and a fellow band of Cretan resistance fighters based on W. Stanley Moss ' real-life account ( Ill Met by Moonlight ) of
2550-531: The European and Pacific theatres , principally as an intelligence officer. Bogarde served as an intelligence officer with Field Marshal Bernard Montgomery 's 21st Army Group as it liberated Europe. Taylor Downing's book, Spies in the Sky , tells of Bogarde's work in photo-reconnaissance in the aftermath of D-Day , moving through Normandy with Royal Canadian Air Force units. By July 1944, they were located at
2635-590: The Voluntary Euthanasia Society : My views were formulated as a 24-year-old officer in Normandy ;... On one occasion, the jeep ahead hit a mine ... Next thing I knew, there was this chap in the long grass beside me. A gurgling voice said, "Help. Kill me." With shaking hands I reached for my small pouch to load my revolver ... I had to look for my bullets – by which time somebody else had already taken care of him. I heard
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2720-763: The western super-genre often take place in the American Southwest or Mexico, with a large number of scenes occurring outdoors so we can soak in scenic landscapes. Visceral expectations for the audience include fistfights, gunplay, and chase scenes. There is also the expectation of spectacular panoramic images of the countryside including sunsets, wide open landscapes, and endless deserts and sky. Examples of western dramas include: True Grit (1969) and its 2010 remake , Mad Max (1979), Unforgiven (1992), No Country for Old Men (2007), Django Unchained (2012), Hell or High Water (2016), and Logan (2017). Some film categories that use
2805-590: The 1960s and 1970s Bogarde played opposite many renowned stars. The Angel Wore Red (1960) saw Bogarde playing an unfrocked priest who falls in love with cabaret entertainer Ava Gardner during the Spanish Civil War . The same year, in Song Without End he portrayed Hungarian composer and virtuoso pianist Franz Liszt , a film initially directed by Charles Vidor (who died during shooting) and completed by Bogarde's friend George Cukor , which
2890-493: The Apes (1968), A Clockwork Orange (1971), Blade Runner (1982) and its sequel Blade Runner 2049 (2017), Children of Men (2006), Interstellar (2014), and Arrival (2016). In the sports super-genre, characters will be playing sports. Thematically, the story is often one of "Our Team" versus "Their Team"; their team will always try to win, and our team will show the world that they deserve recognition or redemption;
2975-581: The British entry at the Venice Film Festival , directed by Jack Clayton , in which Bogarde plays a ne'er-do-well father who descends upon "his" seven children on the death of their mother. In his first collaboration with Luchino Visconti in La Caduta degli dei ( The Damned , 1969), Bogarde played German industrialist Frederick Bruckmann alongside Ingrid Thulin . Two years later Visconti
3060-459: The Rank Organisation in the early 1960s, Bogarde abandoned his heart-throb image and "chose roles that challenged received morality and that pushed the scope of cinema". He starred in the film Victim (1961), playing a London barrister who fights the blackmailers of a young man with whom he has had a deeply emotional relationship. The young man commits suicide after being arrested for embezzlement, rather than ruin his beloved's career. In exposing
3145-685: The Second World War abduction ; A Tale of Two Cities (1958), a faithful retelling of Charles Dickens ' classic; as a flight lieutenant in the Far East , who falls in love with a beautiful Japanese teacher Yoko Tani in The Wind Cannot Read (1958); The Doctor's Dilemma (1959), based on a play by George Bernard Shaw and co-starring Leslie Caron and Robert Morley ; and Libel (1959), playing three separate roles and co-starring Olivia de Havilland . After leaving
3230-407: The audience jump through a series of mental "hoops"; it is not uncommon for the crime drama to use verbal gymnastics to keep the audience and the protagonist on their toes. Examples of crime dramas include: The Godfather (1972), Chinatown (1974), Goodfellas (1990), The Usual Suspects (1995), The Big Short (2015), and Udta Punjab (2016). According to Eric R. Williams ,
3315-412: The broader sense if their storytelling is achieved by means of actors who represent ( mimesis ) characters . In this broader sense, drama is a mode distinct from novels, short stories , and narrative poetry or songs . In the modern era, before the birth of cinema or television, "drama" within theatre was a type of play that was neither a comedy nor a tragedy . It is this narrower sense that
3400-520: The buildings to save them from the bombing, and the whole thing had come in on top of them. Bogarde said he was one of the first Allied officers to reach the Bergen-Belsen concentration camp in Germany on 20 April 1945, an experience that had the most profound effect on him and about which he had difficulty speaking for many years afterward. The gates were opened, and then I realised that I
3485-533: The characters' inner life and psychological problems. Examples: Requiem for a Dream (2000), Oldboy (2003), Babel (2006), Whiplash (2014), and Anomalisa (2015) Satire can involve humor, but the result is typically sharp social commentary that is anything but funny. Satire often uses irony or exaggeration to expose faults in society or individuals that influence social ideology. Examples: Thank You for Smoking (2005) and Idiocracy (2006). Straight drama applies to those that do not attempt
The Greengage Summer - Misplaced Pages Continue
3570-519: The course of five years reached the rank of major and was awarded seven medals. His poetry has been published in war anthologies, and a grey ink brush drawing, "Tents in Orchard. 1944", is in the collection of the British Museum . Having come to prominence in films including The Blue Lamp in the early 1950s, Bogarde starred in the successful Doctor film series (1954–1963). He twice won
3655-473: The course of the film. Thematically, horror films often serve as morality tales, with the killer serving up violent penance for the victims' past sins. Metaphorically, these become battles of Good vs. Evil or Purity vs. Sin. Psycho (1960), Halloween (1978), The Shining (1980), The Conjuring (2013), It (2017), mother! (2017), and Hereditary (2018) are examples of horror drama films. Day-in-the-life films takes small events in
3740-481: The family as a whole reacts to a central challenge. There are four micro-genres for the family drama: Family Bond , Family Feud , Family Loss , and Family Rift . A sub-type of drama films that uses plots that appeal to the heightened emotions of the audience. Melodramatic plots often deal with "crises of human emotion, failed romance or friendship, strained familial situations, tragedy, illness, neuroses, or emotional and physical hardship". Film critics sometimes use
3825-409: The film and television industries, along with film studies , adopted. " Radio drama " has been used in both senses—originally transmitted in a live performance, it has also been used to describe the more high-brow and serious end of the dramatic output of radio . The Screenwriters Taxonomy contends that film genres are fundamentally based upon a film's atmosphere, character and story, and therefore
3910-464: The former Allan Glen's High School of Science in Glasgow, a time he described in his autobiography as an unhappy one. Having secured a scholarship at Chelsea College of Art, Bogarde completed his two year course, and landed "a back-stage job as tea-boy at seven shillings and sixpence per week". A chance to act as a stand-in convinced Bogarde that "he needed some additional basic training, and he joined
3995-416: The future of humanity; this unknown may be represented by a villain with incomprehensible powers, a creature we do not understand, or a scientific scenario that threatens to change the world; the science fiction story forces the audience to consider the nature of human beings, the confines of time or space or the concepts of human existence in general. Examples include: Metropolis (1927), Planet of
4080-416: The hallmark of fantasy drama films is "a sense of wonderment, typically played out in a visually intense world inhabited by mythic creatures, magic or superhuman characters. Props and costumes within these films often belie a sense of mythology and folklore – whether ancient, futuristic, or other-worldly. The costumes, as well as the exotic world, reflect the personal, inner struggles that the hero faces in
4165-466: The hotel down a country lane, disconsolate. The film was a co-production between Victor Saville and Edward Small for United Artists . It was meant to be one of several the two made together, a never-filmed adaptation of The Mousetrap intended to be another, with the third being Legacy of a Spy . Cary Grant was the original choice for the male lead. However, the film was eventually set up at Columbia. According to Lewis Gilbert, Victor Saville sent
4250-408: The labels "drama" and "comedy" are too broad to be considered a genre. Instead, the taxonomy contends that film dramas are a "Type" of film; listing at least ten different sub-types of film and television drama. Docudramas are dramatized adaptations of real-life events. While not always completely accurate, the general facts are more-or-less true. The difference between a docudrama and a documentary
4335-652: The late 1980s, he wrote that he would disembark from a lift rather than ride with a German of his generation. Nevertheless, three of his more memorable film roles were as Germans, one of them as a former SS officer in The Night Porter (1974). Bogarde was most vocal towards the end of his life on voluntary euthanasia , of which he became a staunch proponent after witnessing the protracted death of his lifelong partner and manager Anthony Forwood (the former husband of actress Glynis Johns ) in 1988. He gave an interview to John Hofsess, London executive director of
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#17328012572354420-570: The lead in the film adaptation of John Osborne's ground-breaking stage play, Look Back in Anger in 1959. In 1961, Bogarde was offered the chance to play Hamlet at the recently founded Chichester Festival Theatre by artistic director Sir Laurence Olivier but had to decline owing to film commitments. Bogarde later said that he regretted declining Olivier's offer and with it the chance to "really learn my craft". After his acting career had given him some success, Bogarde moved from London and rented
4505-409: The legal system. Films that focus on dramatic events in history. Focuses on doctors, nurses, hospital staff, and ambulance saving victims and the interactions of their daily lives. Focuses on teenage characters, especially where a secondary school setting plays a role. Dirk Bogarde Sir Dirk Bogarde (born Derek Jules Gaspard Ulric Niven van den Bogaerde ; 28 March 1921 – 8 May 1999)
4590-410: The mid-2010's. Bogarde and Forwood later moved to Provence , France, then Italy, before returning to France. They moved back to London shortly before Forwood's death in 1988. The critical and commercial failure of Song Without End affected his Hollywood leading man hopes. He struggled with the trauma of his active service, compounded by rapid fame, recounting, "First there was the war, and then
4675-477: The movie "I didn't think that was a totally successful film. I always felt that Dirk Bogarde was the person for the Kenneth More role. It needed someone with a touch of dark mystery and Dirk would have been perfect." (York and Bogarde did eventually appear together some years later in the spy comedy-drama Sebastian , released in 1968). Drama (film and television) In film and television , drama
4760-445: The newly ennobled Sir Richard [Attenborough] had deliberately contrived to scupper his own chance of a knighthood." While several of his fellow actors were veterans, Bogarde was the only cast member to have served at the battles being depicted in the film, having entered Brussels the day after its liberation, and worked on the planning of Operation Market Garden. In 1977, Bogarde embarked on his second career as an author. Starting with
4845-476: The peace to cope with, and then suddenly I was a film star . It happened all too soon." Bogarde had a minor stroke in November 1987 while Forwood was dying of liver cancer and Parkinson's disease . In September 1996, he underwent angioplasty to unblock arteries leading to his heart and had a massive stroke following the operation. He was paralysed on one side of his body, which affected his speech. After
4930-424: The police. A remorseful Joss confesses to Eliot that she has denounced him to the police. At her request, he gives her a grownup kiss. Then he disposes of Paul's body and disappears. While Renard is questioning the uncooperative children the next morning, their solicitor uncle, Mr Bullock, arrives. He has been summoned by an unsigned telegram to extricate them. From the source of the message, Renard realizes that it
5015-875: The rescue of Jean Simmons during the World's Fair in Paris. He also had roles as an accidental murderer in Hunted (or The Stranger in Between , 1952), a young wing commander in Bomber Command in Appointment in London (1953), and in Desperate Moment (1953), a wrongly imprisoned man who regains hope of clearing his name when he learns his sweetheart, Mai Zetterling , is still alive. Bogarde featured as
5100-471: The responsibility of unchaperoned children, but her enigmatic English lover Eliot persuades her to accept them. As the days pass, she wishes she had stuck to her original answer; she becomes increasingly jealous of the attention Eliot pays to the children—especially to Joss. Meanwhile, hotel employee Paul becomes suspicious of Eliot, snoops in his room, and finds a pistol. Eliot catches Paul and gets Zisi to fire him, but Joss's 13-year-old sister Hester has taken
5185-468: The ring of extortionists, Bogarde's character risks his reputation and marriage to see that justice is done. Victim was the first British film to portray the humiliation to which gay people were exposed via discriminatory law and as a victimised minority; it is said to have had some effect upon the later Sexual Offences Act 1967 ending, to some extent, the illegal status of male homosexual activity. He again teamed up with Joseph Losey to play Hugo Barrett,
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#17328012572355270-424: The script to Kenneth More before him. More later wrote that Lewis Gilbert insisted he go on a diet before making the film in order that he might be more believable as a romantic lead. More did so as he very badly wanted to star in the movie. Hayley Mills was originally offered a lead role. Gilbert says his wife saw Susannah York on stage in a production of The Crucible . This led to her being auditioned and she
5355-431: The servants wing, Bogarde and Forwood had the main house redeveloped and refurbished "to bring more light" into the original 1700s core. They lived there until 1960, after the development of Dr Challoner’s High School just 200 yards from Beel House. The couple subsequently moved to Drummer’s Yard near Beaconsfield . Beel House was later owned by Ozzy and Sharon Osbourne , and Robert Kilroy Silk who sold it for £6.5M in
5440-584: The shot. I still remember that gurgling sound. A voice pleading for death. Bogarde's London West End theatre -acting debut was in 1939, with the stage name "Derek Bogaerde", in J. B. Priestley 's play Cornelius . In 1947 he appeared at the Fortune Theatre in Michael Clayton Hutton 's Power Without Glory . After the war, he started pursuing film roles using the name "Dirk Bogarde". One of Bogarde's earliest starring roles in cinema
5525-534: The story does not always have to involve a team. The story could also be about an individual athlete or the story could focus on an individual playing on a team. Examples of this genre/type include: The Hustler (1961), Hoosiers (1986), Remember the Titans (2000), and Moneyball (2011). War films typically tells the story of a small group of isolated individuals who – one by one – get killed (literally or metaphorically) by an outside force until there
5610-525: The story." Examples of fantasy dramas include The Lord of the Rings (2001–2003), Pan's Labyrinth (2006), Where the Wild Things Are (2009), and Life of Pi (2012). Horror dramas often involve the central characters isolated from the rest of society. These characters are often teenagers or people in their early twenties (the genre's central audience) and are eventually killed off during
5695-523: The stroke, he used a wheelchair. He then completed the final volume of his autobiography , which covered the effects of the stroke, and published an edition of his collected journalism , mainly from The Daily Telegraph . He spent some time with his friend Lauren Bacall the day before he died at his home in London from a heart attack on 8 May 1999, aged 78. His ashes were scattered at his former estate Le Pigeonnier in Grasse , southern France . Bogarde
5780-578: The term "pejoratively to connote an unrealistic, pathos-filled, camp tale of romance or domestic situations with stereotypical characters (often including a central female character) that would directly appeal to feminine audiences". Also called "women's movies", "weepies", tearjerkers, or "chick flicks". If they are targeted to a male audience, then they are called "guy cry" films. Often considered "soap-opera" drama. Focuses on religious characters, mystery play, beliefs, and respect. Character development based on themes involving criminals, law enforcement and
5865-498: The word "comedy" or "drama" are not recognized by the Screenwriters Taxonomy as either a film genre or a film type. For instance, "Melodrama" and "Screwball Comedy" are considered Pathways, while "romantic comedy" and "family drama" are macro-genres. A macro-genre in the Screenwriters Taxonomy. These films tell a story in which many of the central characters are related. The story revolves around how
5950-672: Was Bogarde's first film for American expatriate director Joseph Losey . He did his second Doctor film, Doctor at Sea (1955), co-starring Brigitte Bardot in one of her first film roles; played a returning colonial who fights the Mau-Mau with Virginia McKenna and Donald Sinden in Simba (1955); Cast a Dark Shadow (1955), as a man who marries women for money and then murders them; The Spanish Gardener (1956), with Michael Hordern , Jon Whiteley and Cyril Cusack ; Doctor at Large (1957), again with Donald Sinden, another entry in
6035-522: Was among his greatest screen disappointments. (Rattigan reworked the script as a play, Ross , which opened to great success in 1960, initially with Alec Guinness playing Lawrence.) Bogarde was also reportedly considered for the title role in MGM 's Doctor Zhivago (1965). Earlier, he had declined Louis Jourdan 's role as Gaston in MGM's Gigi (1958). His contract with Rank had precluded him from accepting
6120-611: Was an English actor, novelist and screenwriter. Initially a matinée idol in films such as Doctor in the House (1954) for the Rank Organisation , he later acted in art house films, evolving from "heartthrob to icon of edginess". In a second career, he wrote seven best-selling volumes of memoirs, six novels, and a volume of collected journalism , mainly from articles in The Daily Telegraph . Bogarde saw active military duty during World War Two , and over
6205-763: Was back at the helm when Bogarde portrayed Gustav von Aschenbach in Morte a Venezia ( Death in Venice ). In 1974, the controversial Il Portiere di notte ( The Night Porter ) saw Bogarde cast as an ex-Nazi, Max Aldorfer, co-starring Charlotte Rampling , and directed by Liliana Cavani . He played Claude, the lawyer son of a dying, drunken writer ( John Gielgud ) in the well-received, multidimensional French film Providence (1977), directed by Alain Resnais , and industrialist Hermann Hermann, who descends into madness in Despair (1978) directed by Rainer Werner Fassbinder . "It
6290-488: Was given the role. Filming started 29 August 1960 at Shepperton Studios . The film premiered on 5 April 1961 at the Odeon Leicester Square in London's West End. Reviews were positive. Variety called it a "leisurely, romantic drama." Gilbert said the film "got extraordinarily good notices" but "didn't do what it should have" at the box office although "it didn't do badly." He later argued films about
6375-823: Was honoured with the first BAFTA Tribute Award for an outstanding contribution to cinema. Bogarde was created a Knight Bachelor in the United Kingdom in 1992, awarded the Commandeur de l' Ordre des Arts et des Lettres by the French government in 1990, an honorary doctorate of literature on 4 July 1985 by St Andrews University in Scotland, and an honorary doctorate of letters in 1993 by the University of Sussex in England. In 1984, Bogarde served as president of
6460-592: Was in the 1949 film Once a Jolly Swagman , where he played a daring speedway ace, riding for the Cobras. This was filmed at New Cross Speedway, in South East London, during one of the postwar years in which speedway was the biggest spectator sport in the UK. Bogarde was contracted to the Rank Organisation under the wing of the prolific independent film producer Betty Box , who produced most of his early films and
6545-646: Was instrumental in creating his matinée idol image. His Rank contract began following his appearance in Esther Waters (1948), his first credited role, replacing Stewart Granger . Another early role of his was in The Blue Lamp (1950), playing a hoodlum who shoots and kills a police constable ( Jack Warner ), whilst in So Long at the Fair (1950), a film noir , he played a handsome artist who comes to
6630-463: Was just twenty-one and an adorable creature... it was one of the happiest films on which I have ever worked." Joss Grey, a 16-year-old English girl, finds herself responsible for the care of her three younger siblings on a summer holiday in France when their mother is suddenly taken ill and rushed to the hospital. When they go to the Hotel Oeillets, proprietress Mademoiselle Zisi does not want
6715-406: Was looking at Dante 's Inferno . And a girl came up who spoke English, because she recognised one of the badges, and she ... her breasts were like, sort of, empty purses, she had no top on, and a pair of man's pyjamas, you know, the prison pyjamas, and no hair ... and all around us there were mountains of dead people, I mean mountains of them, and they were slushy, and they were slimy. There
6800-666: Was nominated five times as Best Actor by BAFTA , winning twice, for The Servant in 1963 and for Darling in 1965. He also received the London Film Critics Circle Lifetime Award in 1991 . He made a total of 63 films between 1939 and 1991. In 1983, he received a special award for service to the cinema at the Cannes Festival . He was awarded the British Film Institute Fellowship in 1987. In 1988, Bogarde
6885-441: Was set to play the role of T. E. Lawrence in a proposed film Lawrence written by Terence Rattigan and to be directed by Anthony Asquith . On the eve of production, after a year of preparation by Bogarde, Rattigan and Asquith, the film was scrapped without full explanation—ostensibly for budgetary reasons—to the dismay of all three men. The abrupt scrapping of Lawrence , a role long researched and keenly anticipated by Bogarde,
6970-420: Was some doubt as to whether he really visited Belsen, although, more than a decade after publishing his biography, and following additional research, John Coldstream concluded that "it is now possible to state with some authority that he did at least set foot inside the camp". The horror and revulsion at the cruelty and inhumanity that he said he witnessed left him with a deep-seated hostility towards Germany; in
7055-538: Was the actor's only foray into Hollywood. The campy The Singer Not the Song (1961) starred Bogarde as a Mexican bandit alongside John Mills as a priest. In H.M.S. Defiant (or Damn the Defiant! ) (1962), he played the sadistic Lieutenant Scott-Padget, co-starring Sir Alec Guinness ; I Could Go On Singing (1963), co-starring Judy Garland in her final screen role; Hot Enough for June (or Agent 8¾ ) (1964),
7140-538: Was the best performance I've ever done in my life," he later recounted. "Fassbinder... really screwed the film up. He tore it to pieces with a scissors." This led to Bogarde going on an extended hiatus. "And I thought, 'OK. Give it up'. So I gave it up and I didn't do another film for fourteen years." He returned one last time, as Daddy in Bertrand Tavernier's Daddy Nostalgie , (or These Foolish Things ) (1991), co-starring Jane Birkin as his daughter. In
7225-502: Was the eldest of three children born to Ulric van den Bogaerde (1892–1972) and Margaret Niven (1898–1980). Ulric was born in Perry Barr , Birmingham , of Flemish ancestry, and was art editor of The Times . Margaret Niven, a former actress, was Scottish , from Glasgow . Dirk Bogarde was born in a nursing home at 12 Hemstal Road, West Hampstead , London, and was baptised on 30 October 1921, at St. Mary's Church, Kilburn . He had
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