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45-500: This Nanaimo - Gulf Islands area riding 's first appearance was in 1903. It was originally created for the 1890 election, but was redistributed and done away with for the 1894 election, but it was brought back again in the large redistribution that set the stage for the watershed 1903 election, which ended the no-party era in the BC House. The Islands then lasted until the 1937 election, and subsequently parts of it became Nanaimo and

90-546: A bureau for CIVI-DT ( CTV 2 Victoria, cable channel 12) and a satellite office for CHEK-DT ( Independent , cable channel 6). Nanaimo is also served by the Jim Pattison Group 's CHWF-FM (The Wolf) and CKWV-FM (The Wave), as well as CHLY-FM , an independent community campus radio station and Vista Radio 's CKAY-FM (ICON Radio). CBC Radio One is heard over CBU from Vancouver, with CBU-FM ( CBC Music ) and CBCV-FM available as HD Radio signals. In

135-548: A crosscut saw, broadaxe , adze , auger , and pit saw. The wooden structure sat on a masonry foundation and was three stories tall. It is the only remaining freestanding tower structure built by the Hudson's Bay Company. In 1891, the Bastion faced demolition threats. The city, recognising the historic value of the building, paid a sum of $ 175 for the building and moved it across the street from its original location (this would be

180-404: A high speed passenger-only ferry service between downtown Nanaimo and downtown Vancouver. Travel time between the cities is 75 minutes. Highways 1 , 19 , and 19A traverse the city. Highway 19 (Nanaimo Parkway) acts as an expressway bypass to the west of Nanaimo while Highway 1, then Highway 19A traverses the length of Nanaimo as an arterial road within the city proper. Bus service in the city

225-615: A temperate climate with mild, rainy winters and warm, dry summers. Due to its relatively dry summers, the Köppen climate classification places it at the northernmost limits of the Csb or warm-summer Mediterranean zone. Other climate classification systems, such as Trewartha , place it firmly in the Oceanic zone ( Do ). Nanaimo is usually shielded from the Aleutian Low 's influence by

270-598: Is a JrK-grade 12 Independent (private) school accredited as an International Baccalaureate World School and offers the IB Primary Years, IB Middle Years and IB Diploma programme and received a 10 out of 10 by the IB Organization (IBO) in 2011. The Conseil scolaire francophone de la Colombie-Britannique operates two Francophone schools, École Océane primary school and the École secondaire de Nanaimo . The main campus of Vancouver Island University

315-650: Is a Kingston-class Coastal Defence vessel that has been serving in the Royal Canadian Navy since 1997. Snuneymuxw chief Che-wich-i-kcan (historically known as "Coal Tyee") was the gateway to the coal industry in Nanaimo. It was in 1849 that he mentioned the presence of burnable black rocks near his village to a blacksmith in Victoria. The Hudson's Bay Company got word of the conversation, and asked Che-wich-i-kcan for verification. The Hudson's Bay Company at

360-549: Is also on the dormant Island Rail Corridor . The Indigenous peoples of the area that is now known as Nanaimo are the Snuneymuxw . An anglicized spelling and pronunciation of that word gave the city its current name. The first Europeans known to reach Nanaimo Harbour were members of the 1791 Spanish voyage of Juan Carrasco , under the command of Francisco de Eliza . They gave it the name Bocas de Winthuysen after naval officer Francisco Javier Winthuysen y Pineda . When

405-544: Is higher than the national median at $ 341,556. The average (after-tax) household income in Nanaimo is $ 48,469, lower than the national median at $ 54,089. The median individual income is $ 34,702, which is also lower than the national median ($ 38,977). The unemployment rate was 7.7%. Nanaimo's population is predominantly Anglophone . As of the 2016 census 86.7% of residents claimed English as their mother tongue. Other common first languages were Chinese Languages (2.0%), French (1.3%), German (1.2%) and Punjabi (1.0%). According to

450-698: Is located in Nanaimo, which brings many international students, mostly East Asian, to the city. Nanaimo Bastion The Nanaimo Bastion is a historical octagon -shaped blockhouse located at 98 Front Street in Nanaimo , British Columbia , Canada. The Hudson's Bay Company , which then held a royal lease on all of what was then the Colony of Vancouver Island , built it between 1853 and 1855 to defend its coal mining operations in Nanaimo. It has been called "Nanaimo's premier landmark", because of its shape and its high visibility from both land and sea. The Bastion

495-472: Is managed by the Nanaimo Museum and is open to visitors during the summer. It functions as a tourist information centre on behalf of Tourism Nanaimo, and holds exhibits on the history of the building. The Nanaimo Museum also hosts a daily cannon firing at noon during the summer months, just a few feet away from the Bastion. The Bastion is the main image on HMCS Nanaimo 's ships crest. HMCS Nanaimo

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540-424: Is provided by Nanaimo Regional Transit and offers city-wide service as well as region service connecting Parksville and Qualicum Beach to the north, and Ladysmith and Duncan to the south. The Island Rail Corridor passes through Nanaimo and has a base of operations and yard in the downtown waterfront area. The Nanaimo Port Authority operates the inner Harbour Basin marina providing mooring for smaller vessels and

585-520: The 2012 federal electoral redistribution . In the Legislative Assembly of British Columbia , Nanaimo is represented by the ridings of Nanaimo ( Sheila Malcolmson , BC NDP ), Nanaimo-North Cowichan ( Doug Routley , BC NDP ) and Parksville-Qualicum ( Adam Walker , BC NDP ). Leonard Krog resigned in 2018 to accept the position of Mayor of Nanaimo. In response, Sheila Malcolmson resigned from federal politics and successfully ran for

630-414: The 2021 Census of Population conducted by Statistics Canada , Nanaimo had a population of 99,863 living in 43,164 of its 45,138 total private dwellings, a change of 10.3% from its 2016 population of 90,504. With a land area of 90.45 km (34.92 sq mi), it had a population density of 1,104.1/km (2,859.5/sq mi) in 2021. At the census metropolitan area (CMA) level in the 2021 census,

675-467: The 2021 census , religious groups in Nanaimo included: The original economic driver was coal mining; however, the forestry industry supplanted it in the early 1960s with the building of the MacMillan Bloedel pulp mill at Harmac in 1958, named after Harvey MacMillan . Today the pulp mill is owned by the employees and local investors and injects well over half a million dollars a day into

720-620: The Gulf Islands . A private passenger ferry service connecting to Vancouver, named Hullo , began operating in August 2023. Buttertubs Marsh is a bird sanctuary located in the middle of the city. The marsh covers approximately 100 acres (40 ha). Within this is the 46-acre (19 ha) "Buttertubs Marsh Conservation Area", owned by the Nature Trust of British Columbia. Like much of coastal British Columbia, Nanaimo experiences

765-551: The House of Commons of Canada , Nanaimo is represented by Lisa Marie Barron of the NDP , representing the riding of Nanaimo—Ladysmith since the 2021 election . The city was split into two separate ridings, Nanaimo—Cowichan ( Jean Crowder , New Democratic Party ), which includes South Nanaimo and Cassidy, and Nanaimo—Alberni ( James Lunney , Independent elected as a Conservative ), which includes North Nanaimo and Lantzville, until

810-542: The 1940s, lumber supplanted coal as the main business. Minetown Days have been celebrated in the neighbouring community of Lantzville to highlight some of the locale's history. In the late nineteenth century, numerous immigrants came from China and settled here. What was known as the first Chinatown in Nanaimo was founded during the gold rush years of the 1860s; it was the third largest in British Columbia. In 1884, because of mounting racial tensions related to

855-492: The Bastion and cannons were for defense. The cannons were fired in welcoming ceremonies when dignitaries were sailing into the harbour and the cannons were fired into the forest across the harbour to intimidate the First Nations. The largest level on the third floor sheltered settlers and offered a vantage point to fire down upon foes. The bastion was finished in 1854. The second floor now holds information and exhibits on

900-467: The Bastion has historic information on the trade industry of Nanaimo, and gives more insight on McKay's role in the coal industry in Nanaimo. The Bastion's second floor was home to Nanaimo's arsenal. On this floor, two four-pound and two six-pound carronades were held. The cannons were brought over by the Hudson's Bay Company in 1853, when the Bastion was being constructed. Guns, ammunition and additional firing supplies were also stored here. The purpose of

945-578: The British Hudson's Bay Company (HBC) established a settlement here in 1852, they named it Colvile Town after HBC governor Andrew Colvile . In 1858 it was renamed as Nanaimo, after the local indigenous people. The city has been called "The Harbour City" since the lead-up to Expo 86 . The HBC attempted to start a coal mine at Port Rupert but the project had been unsuccessful. In 1850 Snuneymuxw Chief Che-wich-i-kan, commonly known as "Coal Tyee", brought samples of coal to Victoria. A company clerk

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990-538: The Duke Point terminal to the Tsawwassen ferry terminal in Tsawwassen . As the site of the main ferry terminal, Nanaimo is the gateway to many other destinations both on the northern part of the island— Tofino , Comox Valley , Parksville , Campbell River , Port Alberni , Rathtrevor Beach Provincial Park —and off its coast— Saysutshun , Protection Island , Gabriola Island , Valdes Island , and many other of

1035-489: The Dunsmuir coal company's hiring of Chinese strikebreakers, the company helped move Chinatown to a location outside city limits. In 1908, when two Chinese entrepreneurs bought the site and tried to raise rents, the community and 4,000 shareholders from across Canada combined forces and bought a site for the third Chinatown, at a new location focused on Pine Street. That third Chinatown burned down on 30 September 1960 but it

1080-607: The Hudson's Bay Company. Joseph's family had worked for the HBC for a couple of generations. He was Métis, born in Québec and worked his way across the continent with the Company. McKay spoke many languages, including Michif, English, French, and a number of Indigenous languages. He oversaw the construction of the Bastion, and used its first floor as his office to conduct the day-to-day operations. These operations would have included overseeing

1125-485: The Islands , which was a riding in elections from 1941 to 1963 , or in other Nanaimo-area electoral districts . Parts of the area covered by The Islands are currently represented by various newer ridings: Note: Winners of each election are in bold . For the 1890 election The Islands was redistributed between North Nanaimo , South Nanaimo and Cowichan-Alberni . It did not appear again until 1903: In 1941,

1170-633: The Nanaimo CMA had a population of 115,459 living in 49,348 of its 51,568 total private dwellings, a change of 10% from its 2016 population of 104,936 . With a land area of 1,279.28 km (493.93 sq mi), it had a population density of 90.3/km (233.8/sq mi) in 2021. In 2016, the average age of a Nanaimoite is 45.5 years old, higher than the national median at 41.2. In Nanaimo, there are 40,885 private dwellings, 39,165 which are occupied by usual residents (95.8% occupancy rate). The median value of these dwellings are $ 359,760, which

1215-495: The W. E. Mills Landing and Marina providing mooring for larger vessels. The Port Authority also operates two terminal facilities one at Assembly Wharf (near the downtown core) and the second at Duke Point for cargo operations. In 2011, the Authority completed the addition of a $ 22 million cruise ship terminal at Assembly Wharf capable of handling large cruise ships including providing Canada Border Services Agency clearance. In

1260-559: The area was redistributed into the new Nanaimo and the Islands riding. Parts of it are now in Saanich North and the Islands . Elections BC Historical Returns Nanaimo, British Columbia This is an accepted version of this page Nanaimo ( / n ə ˈ n aɪ m oʊ / nə- NY -moh ) is a city of about 100,000 on the east coast of Vancouver Island , in British Columbia , Canada. "The Harbour City"

1305-490: The city fed it a wealth of information about its buildings, property lines, utilities and streets. The result is earth.nanaimo.ca, a wealth of city data viewed through the Google Earth 3D mapping program. Their Open Data Catalogue is available at data.nanaimo.ca. Nanaimo has over 30 elementary and secondary schools, most of which are public and are operated by School District 68 Nanaimo-Ladysmith . Aspengrove School

1350-559: The local economy and makes the entire area smell like sulfur multiple times a year. The largest employer is the provincial government. The service, retail and tourism industries are also big contributors to the local economy. Technological development on Nanaimo has been growing with companies such as "Inuktun" and the establishment of government-funded Innovation Island as a site to help Nanaimo-based technological start ups by giving them access to tools, education and venture capital. The average sale price of houses in Nanaimo for 2011

1395-629: The management of the local mines and settlement, ordering supplies, and storing/distributing trade goods. Part of the managerial duties included maintaining correspondence with Fort Victoria , Locally, messages and people were carried via small "express canoes" between Victoria and Fort Langley , while supplies would have been carried on larger vessels such as the Beaver and the Otter . In some cases, supplies had to be ordered from England, and could take up to two years to be delivered. The first floor of

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1440-478: The mountains of central Vancouver Island, so that summers are unusually dry for its latitude and location—though summer drying as a trend is found in the immediate lee of the coastal ranges as far north as Skagway, Alaska . Heavy snowfall does occasionally occur during winter, with a record daily total of 74 centimetres (29.13 in) on 12 February 1975, but the mean maximum cover is only 20 centimetres (7.9 in). The highest temperature ever recorded in Nanaimo

1485-406: The parking lot of the modern day Dorchester Hotel). It was moved a second time in 1979, when the roads were being widened. On December 12, 1985, the city of Nanaimo designated it a local heritage site . During the summer of 2010, the Bastion was torn apart to renew rotting boards and add stabilizing steel beams. The director of the event said that they were "making a historic movement". The Bastion

1530-611: The resource for a while, but gradually lost them due to other tribes and miners from the failed Port Rupert project. By 1852, the first shipment of Nanaimo coal was loaded on the Cadboro . Construction of the Nanaimo Bastion began in 1853 and was finished in 1855. On 27 November 1854, 24 coal miners and their families from England arrived at the settlement aboard the Beaver and Recovery . They had travelled seven months on

1575-425: The ship Princess Royal arriving at Esquimalt two days earlier. They transferred to the two smaller vessels for the trip to Colvile Town. They were greeted by Joseph William McKay and 21 Scottish miners. During World War I, the provincial government established an Internment camp for Ukrainian detainees, many of them local, at a Provincial jail in Nanaimo. It operated from September 1914 to September 1915. In

1620-471: The time was going through a transition period, and they were more interested in the natural resources of Vancouver Island , rather than the fur trade . When they did verify the presence of coal in the Nanaimo region, they abandoned their previous coal pursuits in Fort Rupert and moved down island. Upon the confirmation of coal in Nanaimo, Joseph William McKay was sent as a company clerk on behalf of

1665-403: The vacated position. The mayor of Nanaimo is currently Leonard Krog , who replaced Bill Mackay in 2018. The most well-known mayor Nanaimo ever had was Frank J. Ney , who instigated Nanaimo's well-known bathtub races, which he regularly attended dressed as a pirate. There is a statue to commemorate Ney—dressed in his pirate costume—at Swy-a-Lana Lagoon, which is on the Nanaimo waterfront. Ney

1710-536: The waterfront conference centre's construction running over its proposed budget. Nanaimo has also been experiencing job growth in the technology sector. Nanaimo is served by one newspaper: the Nanaimo News Bulletin (33,000 copies twice a week—audited), which is owned by Black Press . The Harbour City Star , also owned by publisher Black Press, was closed in 2016. On 29 January 2016, the 141-year-old Nanaimo Daily News , shut down. Nanaimo also hosts

1755-887: Was 40.6 °C (105 °F) on 16 July 1941. The coldest temperature ever recorded was −20.0 °C (−4 °F) on 30 December 1968. Nanaimo is served by two airports: Nanaimo Airport (YCD) with services to Vancouver (YVR), Toronto (YYZ), and Calgary (YYC) and Nanaimo Harbour Water Aerodrome (ZNA) with services to Vancouver Harbour (CXH), Vancouver Airport (YVR South Terminal), and Sechelt (YHS); . Nanaimo also has three BC Ferry terminals located at Departure Bay , Duke Point , and downtown . The downtown terminal services Gabriola Island while Departure Bay and Duke Point service Horseshoe Bay and Tsawwassen respectively. A private passenger ferry operates between Nanaimo Harbour and Protection Island. A seasonal passenger ferry operates between Swy-a-Lana Lagoon and Saysutshun (Newcastle Island Marine) Park. Since 2023 Hullo has operated

1800-561: Was also an MLA for the Social Credit party while he was also mayor. An elementary school has been named in his honour. Mark Bate became Nanaimo's first mayor in 1875. He served an additional 15 one-year terms as mayor (1875–1879, 1881–1886, 1888–1889, and 1898–1900). The city's planning department has steadily produced enough municipal data to warrant a Time magazine article on open-government . Nanaimo has been dubbed "the capital of Google Earth". Working directly with Google ,

1845-490: Was approximately $ 350,000. A recent surge of higher-density real estate development, centred in the Old City / Downtown area, as well as construction of a city-funded waterfront conference centre, has proven controversial. Proponents of these developments argue that they will bolster the city's economy, while critics worry that they will block waterfront views and increase traffic congestion. Concerns have also been raised about

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1890-653: Was by then mostly derelict and abandoned. A fourth Chinatown, also called Lower Chinatown or "new town", boomed for a while in the 1920s on Machleary Street. Located on the east coast of Vancouver Island, Nanaimo is about 111 kilometres (69 mi) north-west of Victoria , and 55 kilometres (34 mi) west of Vancouver , separated by the Strait of Georgia , and linked to Vancouver via the Horseshoe Bay BC Ferries terminal in West Vancouver and

1935-400: Was constructed using the pièce-sur-pièce ( post-and-plank ) method. This entailed laying timbers across each other horizontally, with tenons cut into the ends. These tenons would then be inserted into vertical posts. This method was used partially due to the expensive cost of nails; by using the pièce-sur-pièce method, very few nails were needed. The logs were squared using only basic hand tools:

1980-470: Was dispatched and eventually the governor James Douglas visited the future site of Nanaimo. While open to selling coal, the Snuneymuxw wished to retain control of it and retain the exclusive right to mine it. Chief Wun-wun-shum offered to sell coal for five barrels in exchange for one blanket. The HBC representative Joseph William McKay deemed this "impertinent". The Snuneymuxw retained their rights to

2025-605: Was previously known as the "Hub City", which was attributed to its original layout design with streets radiating from the shoreline like the spokes of a wagon wheel, and to its relatively central location on Vancouver Island. Nanaimo is the headquarters of the Regional District of Nanaimo . Nanaimo is served by the Island Highway along the east coast, the BC Ferries system, and its regional airport . It

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