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74-715: The Parable of the Prodigal Son is a parable of Jesus in the Bible. The Prodigal Son or Prodigal Son may also refer to: Parable of the Prodigal Son The Prodigal Son is the third and final parable of a cycle on redemption, following the parables of the Lost Sheep and the Lost Coin . In Revised Common Lectionary and Roman Rite Catholic Lectionary , this parable is read on

148-480: A symbiotic relationship with rhizobia to make use of atmospheric nitrogen . It remains unclear if carob trees have this ability: Some findings suggest that it is not able to form root nodules with rhizobia, while in another more recent study, trees have been identified with nodules containing bacteria believed to be from the genus Rhizobium . However, a study measuring the N-signal (isotopic signature) in

222-476: A xerophyte (drought-resistant species), carob is well adapted to the conditions of the Mediterranean region with just 250 to 500 millimetres (10 to 20 in) of rainfall per year. Carob trees can survive long periods of drought, but to grow fruit, they need 500 to 550 millimetres (20 to 22 in) of rainfall per year. They prefer well-drained, sandy loams and are intolerant of waterlogging , but

296-436: A chocolate alternative in most recipes. The plant's seeds are used to produce locust bean gum or carob gum, a common thickening agent used in food processing . The carob tree grows up to 15 metres (50 feet) tall. The crown is broad and semispherical, supported by a thick trunk with rough brown bark and sturdy branches. Its leaves are 10 to 20 centimetres (4 to 8 inches) long, alternate, pinnate, and may or may not have

370-508: A different subfamily of the Fabaceae : Mimosoideae . Early Spanish settlers named them algarrobo after the carob tree because they also produce pods with sweet pulp. The carob genus, Ceratonia , belongs to the legume family, Fabaceae , and is believed to be an archaic remnant of a part of this family now generally considered extinct . It grows well in warm temperate and subtropical areas, and tolerates hot and humid coastal areas. As

444-456: A far country and He opens the doors of His house and clothes them in the best robe, and gives them each a ring on their hand and shoes on their feet and commands all the saints to rejoice in them.” + St. Tikhon of Zadonsk: Journey to Heaven Part II: The Way of Salvation The Eastern Orthodox Church traditionally reads this story on the Sunday of the Prodigal Son, which in their liturgical year

518-541: A filthy and low-paying job as a swineherd . He reaches the point of envying the food of the pigs he is feeding. At this time, he finally comes to his senses: And when he came to himself, he said, How many hired servants of my father's have bread enough and to spare, and I perish with hunger! I will arise and go to my father, and will say unto him, Father, I have sinned against heaven, and before thee, and am no more worthy to be called thy son: make me as one of thy hired servants. And he arose, and came to his father. But when he

592-424: A forced obedience, but an obedience springing from love. Roger Baxter in his Meditations describes the second part: As soon as this young prodigal had left his father's house he fell into misfortunes. "He began to be in want." Thus sinners who estrange themselves from the sacraments, from exhortation, and the company of the virtuous, soon begin to be in want of spiritual subsistence. "He joined himself to one of

666-411: A kid, that I might make merry with my friends: but as soon as this thy son was come, which hath devoured thy living with harlots, thou hast killed for him the fatted calf. The parable stops with the father explaining that while the older son has always been present and that everything the father owns also belongs to the older son, because the younger son had returned, in a sense, from the dead, celebration

740-405: A long stick and gathering them together with the help of laid-out nets. This is a delicate task because the trees are flowering at the same time and care has to be taken not to damage the flowers and the next year's crop. The literature recommends research to get the fruit to ripen more uniformly or also for cultivars which can be mechanically harvested (by shaking). After harvest, carob pods have

814-453: A moisture content of 10–20% and should be dried down to a moisture content of 8% so the pods do not rot. Further processing separates the kernels (seeds) from the pulp. This process is called kibbling and results in seeds and pieces of carob pods (kibbles). Processing of the pulp includes grinding for animal feed production or roasting and milling for human food industry. The seeds have to be peeled which happens with acid or through roasting. Then

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888-466: A number of commentators see the request of the younger son for his share of the inheritance as "brash, even insolent" and "tantamount to wishing that the father was dead," Jewish legal scholar Bernard Jackson says "Jewish sources give no support to [the idea] that the prodigal, in seeking the advance, wishes his father dead." The young man's actions do not lead to success; he squanders his inheritance and he eventually becomes an indentured servant, with

962-558: A substitute for chocolate in recipes because of the color, texture, and taste of carob. In Malta , a traditional sweet called karamelli tal-harrub and eaten during the Christian holidays of Lent and Good Friday is made from carob pods. Dried carob fruit is traditionally eaten on the Jewish holiday of Tu Bishvat . Carob powder (carob pulp flour ) is made of roasted, then finely ground, carob pod pulp. Locust bean gum

1036-510: A terminal leaflet. It is frost-tolerant to roughly −7 °C (19 °F). Most carob trees are dioecious and some are hermaphroditic , so strictly male trees do not produce fruit. When the trees blossom in autumn, the flowers are small and numerous, spirally arranged along the inflorescence axis in catkin -like racemes borne on spurs from old wood and even on the trunk ( cauliflory ); they are pollinated by both wind and insects . The male flowers smell like human semen , an odor that

1110-450: Is added and boiled for some time. The result is a cold beverage, also called kharrub , which is sold by juice shops and street vendors, especially in summer. This drink is popular during Ramadan in Gaza . In Lebanon the molasses is called debs el kharrub (literally: molasses of the carob), but people generally shorten it to debs . The molasses has a sweet, chocolate-like flavor. It

1184-665: Is called באקסער bokser , derived from the Middle High German bokshornboum "ram's horn tree" (in reference to the shape of the carob). The carat , a unit of mass for gemstones , and a measurement of purity for gold, takes its name via the Arabic qīrāṭ from the Greek name for the carob seed κεράτιον (lit. "small horn"). Although cultivated extensively, carob can still be found growing wild in eastern Mediterranean regions, and has become naturalized in

1258-427: Is caused in part by amines . The fruit is a legume (also known commonly, but less accurately, as a pod ), that is elongated, compressed, straight, or curved, and thickened at the sutures. The pods take a full year to develop and ripen. When the sweet, ripe pods eventually fall to the ground, they are eaten by various mammals, such as swine, thereby dispersing the hard inner seed in the excrement. The seeds of

1332-464: Is commonly mixed with tahini (typically 75% kharrub molasses and 25% tahini). The resulting mixture is called debs bi tahini and is eaten raw or with bread. The molasses is also used in certain cakes. The region of Iqlim al-Kharrub , which translates to the region of the carob , produces a significant amount of carob. In Cyprus , the dried and milled carob pods are left to soak in water, before being transferred into special containers out of which

1406-406: Is necessary. Nitrogen-fertilizing of the plants has been shown to have positive impacts on yield performance. Although it is native to moderately dry climates, two or three summers' irrigation greatly aid the development, hasten the fruiting, and increase the yield of a carob tree. The most labour-intensive part of carob cultivation is harvesting, which is often done by knocking the fruit down with

1480-423: Is often used as a firewood . As it makes such excellent fuel, it is sometimes even preferred over oak or olive wood. Because the much fluted stem usually shows heart rot , carob wood is rarely used for construction timber . However, it is sometimes sought for ornamental work--particularly for furniture design, as the natural shape of the trunk is well-suited to the task. Additionally, the extremely wavy grain of

1554-489: Is open wide to receive those who will repent and return. May we do so without hesitation, as St. Tikhon of Zadonsk writes, “Sinners that repent are still saved; both publicans and fornicators cleansed by repentance enter into the Kingdom of Heaven. The compassionate God still calls to Himself all that have turned away, and He awaits them and promises them mercy. The loving Father still receives His prodigal sons come back from

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1628-413: Is produced from the endosperm , which accounts for 42–46% of the carob seed, and is rich in galactomannans (88% of endosperm dry mass ). Galactomannans are hydrophilic and swell in water. If galactomannans are mixed with other gelling substances, such as carrageenan , they can be used to effectively thicken the liquid part of food. This is used extensively in canned food for animals in order to get

1702-482: Is referenced in the last verse of the traditional Irish folk tune " The Wild Rover ": I'll go home to me parents, confess what I've done and I'll ask them to pardon their prodigal son " Jump Around " by the Los Angeles rap group House of Pain (1992) includes a verse by member Everlast , who references the parable as well as the Bible itself: Word to your moms, I came to drop bombs I got more rhymes than

1776-687: Is restricted due to low polymorphism for molecular markers . Carob products consumed by humans come from the dried, sometimes roasted, pod , which has two main parts: the pulp accounts for 90% and the seeds 10% by weight. Carob pulp is sold either as flour or "chunks". The flour of the carob embryo (seed) can also be used for human and animal nutrition, but the seed is often separated before making carob powder (see section on locust bean gum below). Carob pods are mildly sweet on their own (being roughly one third to one half sugar by dry weight), so they are used in powdered, chip or syrup form as an ingredient in cakes and cookies , sometimes as

1850-493: Is rich in proteins (50%). The testa, or seed coat (30–33% of seed weight), contains cellulose, lignins , and tannins . Carob pods are about 1/3 to 1/2 sugar by weight, and this sugar can be extracted into a syrup. In Malta , a carob syrup ( ġulepp tal-ħarrub ) is made out of the pods. Carob syrup is also used in Crete , and Cyprus exports it. In Palestine , crushed pods are heated to caramelize their sugar, then water

1924-406: Is sometimes flavored with orange or chocolate. In Yemen , carob tree is playing a role in controlling diabetes mellitus according to Yemeni folk medicine, and diabetics consume carob pods as a juice to lower their blood sugar levels. The carob tree is widely cultivated in the horticultural nursery industry as an ornamental plant for Mediterranean climates and other temperate regions around

1998-712: Is the Sunday before Meatfare Sunday and about two weeks before the beginning of Great Lent . One common kontakion hymn of the occasion reads: I have recklessly forgotten Your glory, O Father; And among sinners I have scattered the riches which You gave to me. And now I cry to You as the Prodigal: I have sinned before You, O merciful Father; Receive me as a penitent and make me as one of Your hired servants. In his 1984 apostolic exhortation titled, in Latin, Reconciliatio et paenitentia ('Reconciliation and Penance'), Pope John Paul II used this parable to explain

2072-630: Is the larva of the carob moth ( Myelois ceratoniae Z.), which can cause extensive postharvest damage. Cadra calidella attack carob crops before harvest and infest products in stores. This moth, prevalent in Cyprus, will often infest the country's carob stores. Research has been conducted to understand the physiology of the moth, in order to gain insight on how to monitor moth reproduction and lower their survival rates, such as through temperature control, pheromone traps , or parasitoid traps. In 2022, world production of carob (as locust beans)

2146-628: Is the purest form of love. In loving the family less, the Son can love God more, even if this love is not returned. The theme of the Prodigal Son plays a major role in Anne Tyler 's novel A Spool of Blue Thread . The parable is also referred to in two comedies by William Shakespeare , specifically The Merchant of Venice and As You Like It , as well as in Shakespeare's romance, The Winter's Tale . In one of his clemency petitions to

2220-447: Is the son did not want to wait for his father's death to receive his inheritance, and instead wanted it immediately. The father agrees and divides his estate between the two sons. Upon receiving his portion of the inheritance, the younger son travels to a distant country, where he squanders his wealth through reckless living. He runs out of money just before a severe famine strikes the land, leaving him desperately poor and forced to take

2294-622: Is then kneaded, stretched and pulled until the fair, golden color and toffee-like texture of pasteli is obtained. Carob is used for compote , liqueur , and syrup in Turkey, Malta, Portugal, Spain, and Sicily. In Libya , carob syrup (called rub ) is used as a complement to asida (made from wheat flour). The so-called "carob syrup" made in Peru is actually from the fruit of the Prosopis nigra tree. Because of its strong taste, carob syrup

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2368-525: The Algarve region) and the Atlantic northwestern Moroccan coast, carob pods were often used as animal feed and in times of famine , as "the last source of [human] food in hard times". The ripe, dried, and sometimes toasted pod is often ground into carob powder, which was sometimes used as a substitute for cocoa powder , especially in the 1970s natural food movement . The powder and chips can be used as

2442-766: The Balearic Islands and Catalonia ( Catalan / Valencian / Balearic : garrofer, garrofera, garrover, garrovera ); Malta ( Maltese : ħarruba ), on the Italian islands of Sicily ( Sicilian : carrua ) and Sardinia ( Sardinian : carrubba, carruba ), in Southern Croatia ( Croatian : rogač ), such as on the island of Šipan , in eastern Bulgaria ( Bulgarian : рожков ), and in Southern Greece , Cyprus , as well as on many Greek islands such as Crete and Samos . In Israel ,

2516-640: The Bombay Presidency in 1913, the Indian independence activist Vinayak Damodar Savarkar described himself as a "prodigal son" longing to return to the "parental doors of the government". A parable of a lost son can also be found in the Mahayana Buddhist Lotus Sutra . The two parables share the premise of a father and son being reunited after a time apart, and several scholars have assumed that one version has influenced

2590-693: The Hebrew name is חרוב ( translit . charuv ). The common Greek name is χαρουπιά ( translit. charoupiá ), or ξυλοκερατιά ( translit. xylokeratiá , meaning "wooden horn"). In Turkey , it is known as "goat's horn" ( Turkish : keçiboynuzu ). The various trees known as algarrobo in Latin America ( Samanea saman in Cuba , Prosopis pallida in Peru , and four species of Prosopis in Argentina and Paraguay ) belong to

2664-714: The Maltese islands , apart from times of famine or war, when they formed part of the diet of many Maltese people . On the Iberian Peninsula , carob pods were historically fed to donkeys. The pulp of a carob pod is about 48–56% sugars and 18% cellulose and hemicellulose . Some differences in sugar ( sucrose ) content are seen between wild and cultivated carob trees: ~531 g/kg dry weight in cultivated varieties and ~437 g/kg in wild varieties. Fructose and glucose levels do not differ between cultivated and wild carob. The embryo (20-25% of seed weight)

2738-579: The endosperm and the embryo are separated for different uses. Few pests are known to cause severe damage in carob orchards, so they have traditionally not been treated with pesticides . Some generalist pests such as the larvae of the leopard moth ( Zeuzera pyrina L.), the dried fruit moth ( Cadra calidella ), small rodents such as rats ( Rattus spp. ) and gophers ( Pitymys spp. ) can cause damage occasionally in some regions. Only some cultivars are severely susceptible to mildew disease ( Oidium ceratoniae C.). One pest directly associated with carob

2812-613: The legume family, Fabaceae . It is widely cultivated for its edible fruit , which takes the form of seed pods , and as an ornamental tree in gardens and landscapes. The carob tree is native to the Mediterranean region and the Middle East . Portugal is the largest producer of carob, followed by Italy and Morocco . In the Mediterranean Basin , extended to the southern Atlantic coast of Portugal (i.e.,

2886-399: The western Mediterranean . The tree is typical in the southern Portuguese region of the Algarve , where the tree is called alfarrobeira , and the fruit alfarroba. It is also seen in southern and eastern Spain ( Spanish : algarrobo, algarroba , Catalan / Valencian / Balearic : garrofer, garrofera, garrover, garrovera ), mainly in the regions of Andalusia , Murcia , Valencia ,

2960-473: The "jellied" texture. While chocolate contains the chemical compound theobromine in levels that are toxic to some mammals , carob contains none, and it also has no caffeine , so it is sometimes used to make chocolate-like treats for dogs. Carob pod meal is also used as an energy-rich feed for livestock , particularly for ruminants , though its high tannin content may limit this use. Historically, carob pods were mainly used for animal fodder in

3034-515: The Bible's got Psalms And just like the Prodigal Son I've returned Anyone stepping to me you'll get burned Another literary tribute to this parable is Dutch theologian Henri Nouwen 's 1992 book, The Return of the Prodigal Son: A Story of Homecoming , in which he describes his own spiritual journey infused with understanding, based on an encounter with Rembrandt 's painting that depicts the son's return. The book deals with three personages:

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3108-511: The Father’s gifts to his son. As Fr. Potapov cites, Saint Theophan the Recluse compares the sinner with a man sunk into a deep sleep, and in his turning to God he notes three psychological moments that correspond to the parable's events: 1. Awakening from the sleep of sin ( Luke 15:17 ); 2. The ripening of resolve to forsake sin and dedicate himself to pleasing God ( Luke 15:17–21 ); 3. Investing

3182-466: The Pharisees and religious leaders accuse him of welcoming and eating with "sinners." The father's joy described in the parable reflects divine love: the "boundless mercy of God," and "God's refusal to limit the measure of his grace." Justus Knecht , like others, breaks this parable into three parts noting that, "The father in the parable signifies God; the elder son, the just; and the younger son,

3256-560: The capacity of his immortal soul by earthly gratifications. In the Eastern Orthodox Church , the parable of the Prodigal Son is central to the Christian understanding emphasizing God's boundless love for humanity. Archpriest Victor Potapov encapsulates this as "a multitude of themes...difficult to enumerate", including the historical contrast between God's chosen people and the pagans, the nature of sin (one reason why

3330-426: The carob juice gradually seeps out of and is collected. The juice is then boiled with constant stirring yielding a thick syrup known as haroupomelo . Although this syrup is frequently sold and eaten as is, haroupomelo is also used as a base for a local toffee -like sweet snack known as pasteli . Constant stirring of the carob syrup causes it to form into a black, amorphous mass which is then left to cool. The mass

3404-437: The carob tree contain leucodelphinidin , a colourless flavanol precursor related to leucoanthocyanidins . The word "carob" comes from Middle French carobe (modern French caroube ), which borrowed it from Arabic خَرُّوبٌ ( kharrūb , "locust bean pod") and Persian khirnub , which ultimately borrowed it perhaps from Akkadian language harūb- or Aramaic חרובא ḥarrūḇā . ' Ceratonia siliqua ,

3478-453: The citizens of that country," as a servant. Every sinner is a slave to the Devil; and as the citizen employed the prodigal youth in feeding swine, so the Devil employs his followers in gratifying their own sensual appetites, which brutalize human nature. The prodigal attempted to satisfy his hunger, by feeding on the husks of swine, but he did not succeed: neither can the sinner succeed in filling

3552-463: The climatic requirements of their growing regions has occurred. Though a partially successful breaking of the dioecy happened, the yield of hermaphrodite trees still cannot compete with that of female plants, as their pod-bearing properties are worse. Future breeding would be focused on processing-quality aspects, as well as on properties for better mechanization of harvest or better-yielding hermaphroditic plants. The use of modern breeding techniques

3626-417: The cooling- and drying-sensitive seedlings are then transplanted to the field in the next year after the last frost. Carob trees enter slowly into production phase. Where in areas with favorable growing conditions, the cropping starts 3–4 years after budding, with the nonbearing period requiring up to 8 years in regions with marginal soils. Full bearing of the trees occurs mostly at a tree-age of 20–25 years when

3700-417: The deep root systems can adapt to a wide variety of soil conditions and are fairly salt-tolerant (up to 3% in soil). After being irrigated with saline water in the summer, carob trees could possibly recover during winter rainfalls. In some experiments, young carob trees were capable of basic physiological functions under high-salt conditions (40  mmol NaCl/L ). Not all legume species can develop

3774-544: The degrading job of looking after pigs, and even envying them for the carob pods they eat. This recalls Proverbs 29:3: "Whoever loves wisdom gives joy to his father, but whoever consorts with harlots squanders his wealth." Upon his return, his father treats the young man with a generosity far more than he has a right to expect. He is given the best robe, a ring for his finger, and sandals for his feet. Jewish philosopher Philo observes: Parents often do not lose thought for their wastrel ( asoton ) children   [...] In

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3848-631: The fourth Sunday of Lent (in Year C ); in the latter it is also included in the long form of the Gospel on the 24th Sunday of Ordinary Time in Year C, along with the preceding two parables of the cycle. In the Eastern Orthodox Church it is read on the Sunday of the Prodigal Son . The parable begins with a wealthy man who had two sons, the younger of whom asks for his share of the man's estate. The implication

3922-544: The friendship of good men, neglects the services of the Church and the frequenting of the Sacraments, follows his own way, and shamelessly transgresses God's commandments. He then goes into a strange and distant land, namely further and further from God: The "far country", says St. Augustine , "signifies the forgetfulness of God". Almighty God lets the sinner go his own way, for He has given to man free-will, and does not want

3996-421: The heading to the fifth chapter, titled "The Prodigal Son", of his 1901 novel Kim . The Parable is a recurring theme in the works of Rainer Maria Rilke , who interpreted it in a different way to the conventional reading. Rilke's version is not so concerned with redemption and the forgiveness of family: the love of the family, and human love in general, was seen as less worthy than unreciprocated love, which

4070-573: The other or that both texts share a common origin. However, an influence of the biblical story on the Lotus sutra is very unlikely given the early dating of the stratum of the sutra containing the Buddhist parable. Carob pod The carob ( / ˈ k ær ə b / KARR -əb ; Ceratonia siliqua ) is a flowering evergreen tree or shrub in the Caesalpinioideae sub-family of

4144-481: The parable is read on the third Sunday before Great Lent , also including the subsequent fasting time to encourage spiritual discipline and refreshment), and the process and blessings of repentance. The Father’s forgiving embrace represents God's joy in receiving sinners who return to Him with humility and remorse. It is as an allegory of the Church, with elements like baptism and the Eucharist symbolized through

4218-559: The parable summarize the tale in accordance with the Jewish teaching of the two ways of acting: the way of life (obedience) and the way of death (sin). God, according to Judaism, rejoices over and grants more graces to repentant sinners than righteous souls who do not need repentance. Following the Parable of the Lost Sheep and the Parable of the Lost Coin , this is the last of three parables about loss and redemption that Jesus tells after

4292-583: The process of conversion and reconciliation . Emphasizing that God the Father is "rich in mercy" and always ready to forgive, he stated that reconciliation is a "gift on his part". He stated that for the Church her "mission of reconciliation is the initiative, full of compassionate love and mercy, of that God who is love." He also explored the issues raised by this parable in his second encyclical , Dives in misericordia ('Rich in Mercy'), issued in 1980. Of

4366-541: The prodigal son were a popular subject in Northern Renaissance art . Albrecht Dürer's 1496 engraving is a famous example. In the seventeenth-century, Rembrandt depicted several scenes from the parable, especially the final episode, which he etched, drew, or painted on several occasions during his career. At least one of Rembrandt's works— The Prodigal Son in the Tavern , is a portrait of himself as

4440-512: The rest of the way to you.' So God says, 'Return to me, and I will return to you.' The older son, in contrast, seems to think in terms of "law, merit, and reward," rather than "love and graciousness." He may represent the Pharisees who were criticizing Jesus. Leviticus Rabbah 13:4 also contains a short saying that matches the character of the parable: R. Aha has said: When a Jew has to resort to carobs, he repents. The last few verses of

4514-820: The roughly 30 parables in the canonical Gospels , the Parable of the Prodigal Son was one of four that were shown in medieval art —along with that of the Wise and Foolish Virgins , the Dives and Lazarus , and the Good Samaritan —almost to the exclusion of the others, though not mixed in with the narrative scenes of the Life of Christ . (The Laborers in the Vineyard also appears in Early Medieval works.) Scenes of

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4588-464: The same way, God too   [...] takes thought also for those who live a misspent life, thereby giving them time for reformation, and also keeping within the bounds His own merciful nature. The Pesikta Rabbati has a similar story: A king had a son who had gone astray from his father on a journey of a hundred days. His friends said to him, 'Return to your father.' He said, 'I cannot.' Then his father sent word, 'Return as far as you can, and I will come

4662-453: The scientific name of the carob tree, derives from the Greek κερατωνία keratōnia , "carob-tree" (cf. κέρας kéras , "horn"), and Latin siliqua "pod, carob". In English, it is also known as " St. John's bread" and "locust tree" (not to be confused with African locust bean ). The latter designation also applies to several other trees from the same family. In Yiddish , it

4736-498: The sinner with divine power for this in the "Mysteries of Repentance and Communion". Fr. James Guirguis puts the message in both plainspoken terms, yet also quoting Saint Tikhon of Zadonsk : How God longs to see us come home! How God longs to embrace us and forgive us and restore us to a place of honor, to celebrate our return! How God longs to see those who are dead, restored back to life and health so that they might dwell with Him! The whole universe of God’s mercy and forgiveness

4810-485: The sinner." In the first part: Man begins to fall away from God by allowing unlawful desires to take possession of his heart. In consequence, he will soon come to regard God's commandments as so many fetters, and to long for greater licence. He loses all taste for prayer and the word of God, and imagines that he would be a happier man if he could live according to his passions. Having thus separated himself inwardly from God, an outward separation speedily follows. He renounces

4884-518: The son in the finest robe and put a ring on his finger and sandals on his feet and to slaughter the " fatted calf " for a celebratory meal. The older son, who was at work in the fields, hears the sound of celebration and is told by a slave about the return of his younger brother. He is not impressed and becomes angry. He also has a speech for his father: And he answering said to his father, Lo, these many years do I serve thee, neither transgressed I at any time thy commandment: and yet thou never gavest me

4958-623: The son reveling with his wife. The Prodigal Son is a sculpture in Harrisburg, Pennsylvania , by George Grey Barnard that depicts the loving reunion of the father and son from the "Parable of the Prodigal Son." In the 15th and 16th centuries, the theme was such a sufficiently popular subject that the 'Prodigal Son play' can be seen as a subgenre of the English morality play . Examples include The Rare Triumphs of Love and Fortune , The Disobedient Child , and Acolastus . The parable

5032-431: The tissue of the carob tree did not support the theory that carob trees naturally use atmospheric nitrogen. The vegetative propagation of carob is naturally restricted due to its low adventitious rooting potential. Therefore, grafting and air-layering may prove to be more effective methods of asexual propagation. Seeds are commonly used as the propagation medium. The sowing occurs in pot nurseries in early spring and

5106-568: The world, being especially popular in California and Hawaii . The plant develops a sculpted trunk and the form of an ornamental tree after being "limbed up" as it matures, otherwise it is used as a dense and large screening hedge . The plant is very drought tolerant as long as one does not care about the size of the fruit harvest, so can be used in xeriscape landscape design for gardens , parks, and public municipal and commercial landscapes. In some areas of Greece, viz. Crete, carob wood

5180-439: The yield stabilizes. The orchards are traditionally planted in low densities of 25–45 trees per hectare (10 to 20/acre). Hermaphroditic or male trees, which produce fewer or no pods, respectively, are usually planted in lower densities in the orchards as pollenizers . Intercropping with other tree species is widely spread. Not much cultivation management is required. Only light pruning and occasional tilling to reduce weeds

5254-425: The younger, prodigal son; the self-righteous , resentful older son; and the compassionate father—all of whom the author identifies with personally. An earlier work with similarities to the parable is " Le retour de l'enfant prodigue " ('The Return of the Prodigal Son'), a short story by André Gide . Rudyard Kipling wrote a poem giving an interpretation of the younger brother's perspective. The poem appears as

5328-897: Was estimated to be 56,423 tonnes , although not all countries known to grow carob reported their results to the UN Food and Agriculture Organization . Production amounts for Turkey and Morocco accounted for nearly all the world total reported in 2022. Most of the roughly 50 known cultivars are of unknown origin and only regionally distributed. The cultivars show high genetic and therefore morphological and agronomical variation. No conventional breeding by controlled crossing has been reported, but selection from orchards or wild populations has been done. Domesticated carobs ( C. s. var. edulis ) can be distinguished from their wild relatives ( C. s. var. silvestris ) by some fruit-yielding traits such as building of greater beans, more pulp, and higher sugar contents. Also, genetic adaptation of some varieties to

5402-409: Was necessary: It was meet that we should make merry, and be glad: for this thy brother was dead, and is alive again; and was lost, and is found. The opening, "A man had two sons" is a storyteller's trope and would immediately bring to mind Cain and Abel , Ishmael and Isaac , and Jacob and Esau . Jesus then confounds the listeners' expectations when the younger son is shown to be foolish. While

5476-424: Was yet a great way off, his father saw him, and had compassion, and ran, and fell on his neck, and kissed him. This implies that the father was watching hopefully for the son's return. The son starts his rehearsed speech, admitting his sins, and declaring himself unworthy of being his father's son but does not even finish before his father accepts him back without hesitation. The father calls for his servants to dress

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