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96-461: The World Is Not Enough is a 1999 spy film , the nineteenth in the James Bond series produced by Eon Productions and the third to star Pierce Brosnan as the fictional MI6 agent James Bond . It was directed by Michael Apted , from an original story and screenplay by Neal Purvis, Robert Wade , and Bruce Feirstein . It was produced by Michael G. Wilson and Barbara Broccoli . The title

192-541: A nuclear meltdown in the waters of Istanbul . Filming locations included Spain, France, Azerbaijan, Turkey, and the UK, with interiors shot at Pinewood Studios . Despite receiving mixed reviews, with the plot and Denise Richards 's casting frequently targeted for criticism, The World Is Not Enough earned $ 361.8 million worldwide. It was also the first Eon -produced Bond film officially released by Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer Pictures instead of MGM subsidiary United Artists ,

288-454: A programmable logic controller (PLC). Pigging has a significant role to play in reducing the environmental impact of batch operations. Traditionally, the only way that an operator of a batch process could ensure a product was completely cleared from a line was to flush the line with a cleaning agent such as water or a solvent, or even with the next product. The cleaning agent then had to be subjected to effluent treatment or solvent recovery. If

384-417: A Nobel laureate"; Nathan Rabin panned her performance and called it "so laughably awful that the film comes to a dead stop whenever she's on screen". She was ranked as one of the worst Bond girls of all time by Entertainment Weekly in 2008. In contrast, Sophie Marceau was praised for her role as Elektra, with most critics agreeing that she was a better Bond Girl than Denise Richards' Christmas Jones and

480-556: A Russian scientist, Bond meets American nuclear physicist Dr. Christmas Jones. Renard removes the GPS locator card and weapons-grade plutonium from a nuclear bomb. Before Bond can kill him, Jones blows his cover. Renard steals the bomb and flees, leaving everyone to die. Bond and Jones escape the exploding silo with the locator card. In Azerbaijan, Bond warns M that Elektra may not be as innocent as she appears, and may have succumbed to Stockholm Syndrome under Renard's capture. He hands her

576-535: A better Bond villain than Robert Carlyle's Renard. Peter Bradshaw from The Guardian called her "terrific: sexy, stylish, with a really beautiful face entirely innocent of the cosmetic surgeon's art". Pete Debruge of Variety wrote in 2012 that "[ The World Is Not Enough ] presents a conflicted persona torn between the corny antics of the Roger Moore era and the grim seriousness of where things would eventually go under Daniel Craig ’s tenure. It also contains

672-413: A decent Bond entry. But the series still needs a massive shot of fresh ideas if it wishes to become anything more than a nostalgia-fueled commercial sure thing". Antonia Quirke from The Independent said that the film "is certainly less definitively feeble than other recent Bond offerings, with an at least two-dimensional female character in the bold and oval Marceau. But my reaction is much the same as to

768-482: A dose of Timothy Dalton -esque toughness [...] Much of what made Brosnan such a great Bond is thrust into the backseat by lame jokes and a premature attempt to mix up the formula", concluding that it was "nothing but a reversion to the franchise's most adolescent tendencies". Entertainment Weekly picked it as the worst Bond film of all time in 2006, saying it had a plot "so convoluted even Pierce Brosnan has admitted to being mystified". Norman Wilner of MSN chose it as

864-525: A hit squad in snowmobiles . Bond visits Valentin Zukovsky at a casino to acquire information about Elektra's attackers. There, Bond grows suspicious as Elektra immediately loses $ 1 million on a game of high card draw, and discovers that her head of security, Sasha Davidov, is secretly in league with Renard. Bond kills Davidov and boards a plane bound for a Russian ICBM base in Kazakhstan . Posing as

960-412: A key for the locked open position and one for the locked closed position. During an operating procedure, only one key at a time is free. This key only fits in the interlock belonging to the valve that is to be operated next in the operating procedure. All keys are uniquely coded to avoid the possibility that valves can be unlocked at an inappropriate time. Nowadays intelligent interlocking solutions enable

1056-740: A month prior to the release of Tomorrow Never Dies , Barbara Broccoli watched a news report on Nightline detailing how the world's major oil companies were vying for control of the untapped oil reserves in the Caspian Sea in the wake of the Soviet Union 's collapse, and suggested that controlling the only pipeline from the Caspian to the West would be an appropriate motivation for a potential Bond villain . She and Michael G. Wilson hired screenwriters Neal Purvis and Robert Wade to work on

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1152-463: A new Rolling Stones album: I'm just grateful that it's not embarrassing". Negative criticism was focused on the execution of the plot, and the action scenes were considered excessive. Richards was widely criticized for not being credible in the role of a nuclear scientist, with Variety calling her "the least plausible nuclear physicist in the history of movies, who makes even the electrochemist Elisabeth Shue played in 1997's The Saint sound like

1248-405: A number, and the beautiful foreign agent who comes to love the hero. Lang's Dr. Mabuse films from the period also contain elements of spy thrillers, though the central character is a criminal mastermind only interested in espionage for profit. Additionally, several of Lang's American films, such as Hangmen Also Die , deal with spies during World War II. Alfred Hitchcock did much to popularize

1344-421: A pigging operation. Common causes of such events are: All these causes are directly related to improper operation of the process valves and the closure door. A common method of avoiding these kinds of incidents is to add valve interlocks, which has been adopted by all global oil and gas operating companies. Safety during pigging relies on strict adherence to safety procedures, which give detailed description of

1440-594: A pipeline. A pig was also used as a plot device in the Tony Hillerman book The Sinister Pig where an abandoned pipeline from Mexico to the United States was used with a pig to transport illegal drugs. A pig launcher was featured in the season 2 episode "Pipeline Fever" of the animated show Archer , wherein Sterling Archer and Lana Kane are tasked with going into a swamp and defending

1536-448: A pipeline. A sizing pig uses one (or more) notched round metal plates as gauges. The notches allow different parts of the plate to bend when a bore restriction is encountered. More complex systems exist for inspecting various aspects of the pipeline. Intelligent pigs are used to inspect the pipeline with sensors and record the data for later analysis. These pigs use technologies such as magnetic flux leakage (MFL) and ultrasound to inspect

1632-399: A product was used to clear the line, it was necessary to downgrade or dump the contaminated portion of the product. All of these problems can now be eliminated due to the very precise interface produced by modern pigging systems. Pigging systems are designed so that the pig is loaded into the launcher, which is pressured to launch the pig into the pipeline through a kicker line. In some cases,

1728-420: A remake of his 1934 film of the same name . He followed this up in 1959 with North by Northwest (1959), widely considered one of the most influential works within the spy genre. The peak of popularity of spy films is often considered to be the 1960s when Cold War fears meshed with a desire by audiences to see exciting and suspenseful films. The espionage film developed in two directions at this time. On

1824-415: A safe valve operating sequence. By physically blocking incorrect operations, valve interlocks enforce such sequences. Valve interlocks are permanently mounted to both manual and motor operated valves and the closure door. The interlocks block operation of a valve or door, unless the appropriate keys are inserted. The principle of valve interlocking is the transfer of keys. Each lock is equipped with two keys:

1920-516: A tribute to Desmond Llewelyn . Reception was mixed. On Rotten Tomatoes , the film received an approval rating of 51% based on 147 reviews, with an average rating of 5.6/10, the lowest of the Brosnan Bond films. The site's critical consensus reads: "Plagued by mediocre writing, uneven acting, and a fairly by-the-numbers plot, The World Is Not Enough is partially saved by some entertaining and truly Bond-worthy action sequences." On Metacritic ,

2016-547: Is Charlotte Gray , based on the novel by Sebastian Faulks . Also during the period, there were many detective films ( The Thin Man Goes Home and Charlie Chan in the Secret Service for example) in which the mystery involved who stole the secret blue-prints, or who kidnapped the famous scientist. In the mid-1950s, Alfred Hitchcock returned to the spy genre with The Man Who Knew Too Much (1956 film) ,

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2112-481: Is cut or poured out of open cell polyurethane foam into the shape of a bullet and is driven through pipelines for many reasons such as to prove the inner diameter of, clean, de-water, or dry out the line. There are several types of pigs for cleaning in various densities, from 32 to 160 kilograms per cubic metre (2 to 10 lb/cu ft) of foam, and in special applications up to 320 kg/m (20 lb/cu ft). Some have tungsten studs or abrasive wire mesh on

2208-403: Is done at the beginning and at the end of each batch, but sometimes it is done in the midst of a batch, such as when producing a premix that will be used as an intermediate component. Pigs are also used in oil and gas industries to clean or clear pipelines. Intelligent or "Smart pigs" are used to inspect pipelines to assess their condition and to prevent leaks, which can be hazardous or harmful to

2304-400: Is done without stopping the flow of the product in the pipeline. These operations include but are not limited to cleaning and inspecting the pipeline. This is accomplished by inserting the pig into a "pig launcher" (or "launching station")—an oversized section in the pipeline, reducing to the normal diameter. The launching station is then closed and the pressure-driven flow of the product in

2400-414: Is heard in "Casino", "Elektra's Theme" and "I Never Miss". Arnold added two new themes to the final score, both of which are reused in the following film, Die Another Day . The title song, " The World Is Not Enough ", was written by David Arnold with Don Black and performed by Garbage . It is the fifth Bond theme co-written by Black, preceded by " Thunderball ", " Diamonds Are Forever ", " The Man with

2496-404: Is taken aboard the submarine, which was seized by Renard's men. Bond is taken to the tower, where Elektra tortures him with a garrote and reveals that she cut off part of her ear to make her kidnapping look more believable. Zukovsky and his men seize the tower, but Zukovsky is shot by Elektra. Before dying, Zukovsky uses his cane gun to free Bond, who frees M and kills Elektra. Bond dives after

2592-702: Is the most famous of film spies, but there were also more serious, probing works like le Carré's The Spy Who Came in from the Cold that also emerged from the Cold War . As the Cold War ended, the newest villain became terrorism and more often involved the Middle East . The spy film genre began in the silent era , with the paranoia of invasion literature and the onset of the Great War . These fears produced

2688-549: Is the translation of the motto on the Bond family coat of arms , first seen in On Her Majesty's Secret Service . The film's plot revolves around the murder of billionaire businessman Sir Robert King by the terrorist Renard, and Bond's subsequent assignment to protect King's daughter Elektra , who was previously held for ransom by Renard. During his assignment, Bond unravels a scheme to increase petroleum prices by triggering

2784-692: Is to a group of villainous mutineers, and the second is to the ambitious Julius Caesar . It was then applied to Alexander the Great by Juvenal in his collection of satirical poems, the Satires : "The world was not big enough for Alexander the Great , but a coffin was". Phrased as Non sufficit orbis , it became the motto of the Spanish king Philip II after ascending the Portuguese throne in 1580. Crime novelist Donald E. Westlake wrote an early draft of

2880-402: The James Bond novels by Ian Fleming were adapted into an increasingly fantastical series of tongue-in-cheek adventure films by producers Harry Saltzman and Albert R. Broccoli , with Sean Connery as the star. They featured secretive and flamboyant supervillains, an archetype that would later become a staple of the explosion of spy movies in the mid-to-late 1960s. The phenomenal success of

2976-642: The Bond series leads to a deluge of imitators, such as the eurospy genre and several from America. Notable examples include the two Derek Flint films starring James Coburn , The Quiller Memorandum (1966) with George Segal , and the Matt Helm series with Dean Martin . Television also got into the act with series like The Man from U.N.C.L.E and I Spy in the U.S., and Danger Man and The Avengers in Britain. Spies have remained popular on TV to

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3072-571: The Caucasus was shot on the slopes of Chamonix , France. Filming of the scene was delayed by an avalanche ; the crew helped in the rescue operation. The interior (and single exterior shot) of L'Or Noir casino in Baku, Azerbaijan, was shot at Halton House , the officers' mess of RAF Halton . RAF Northolt was used to depict the airfield runway in Azerbaijan. Zukovsky's quayside caviar factory

3168-524: The Latin phrase Orbis non sufficit , the motto of Bond's supposed real-world ancestor Sir Thomas Bond . In the novel On Her Majesty's Secret Service and its film adaptation , it is first claimed to be James Bond's family motto as well. The phrase Orbis non sufficit is thought to originate from the Pharsalia by Lucan . It appears twice, both with uncomplimentary associations: the first reference

3264-611: The Millennium Dome on the Thames . The sequence lasts for about 14 minutes, making it the longest pre-title sequence in the series until No Time to Die in 2021. The Daily Telegraph claimed that the British Government prevented some filming in front of the actual MI6 Headquarters at Vauxhall Cross, citing a security risk. However, a Foreign Office spokesperson rejected the claims and expressed displeasure with

3360-618: The Mr. Moto series, based on the books of John P. Marquand . In the 1940s and early 1950s, several films were made about the exploits of Allied agents in occupied Europe, which could be considered a subgenre. 13 Rue Madeleine and O.S.S. were fictional stories about American agents in German-occupied France. There were several films based on the stories of real-life British S.O.E. agents, including Odette and Carve Her Name With Pride . A more recent fictional example

3456-733: The Nazi espionage thrillers of the 1940s to the James Bond films of the 1960s and to the high-tech blockbusters of today, the spy film has always been popular with audiences worldwide. Offering a combination of exciting escapism , technological thrills, and exotic locales, many spy films combine the action and science fiction genres, presenting clearly delineated heroes for audiences to root for and villains they want to see defeated. They may also involve elements of political thrillers . However, there are many that are comedic (mostly action comedy films if they fall under that genre). James Bond

3552-589: The PC and the PlayStation 2 were planned for release in 2000, but both were cancelled. These versions would have used the id Tech 3 game engine from Quake III Arena . Although this game marks Pierce Brosnan's fifth appearance in a Bond video game, the game includes only his likeness; the character is voiced by Adam Blackwood. Spy film Spy films show the espionage activities of government agents and their risk of being discovered by their enemies. From

3648-415: The roundness of the pipeline to determine areas of crushing or other deformations. Some smart pigs use a combination of technologies, such as providing MFL and caliper functions in a single tool. Trials of pigs using acoustic resonance technology have been reported. During the pigging run the pig is unable to directly communicate with the outside world due to the distance underground or underwater and/or

3744-448: The sour gas is burnt. Operators should wear a self-contained breathing apparatus when working on sour systems. A few pigging systems utilize a "captive pig", and the pipeline is only opened occasionally to check the condition of the pig. At all other times, the pig is shuttled up and down the pipeline at the end of each transfer, and the pipeline is never opened up during process operation. These systems are not common. See diagram on

3840-610: The Bond series to win a Golden Raspberry when Denise Richards was chosen as "Worst Supporting Actress" at the 1999 Razzie Awards . Richards and Brosnan were also nominated for "Worst Screen Couple" (lost to Will Smith and Kevin Kline for Wild Wild West ). The initial release of the DVD includes the featurette "Secrets of 007", which cuts into "making of" material during the film; the documentary "The Making of The World Is Not Enough"; two commentary tracks —one by director Michael Apted, and

3936-559: The British 1914 The German Spy Peril , centered on a plot to blow up the Houses of Parliament , and 1913's O.H.M.S. , standing for "Our Helpless Millions Saved" as well as On His Majesty's Service (and introducing for the first time a strong female character who helps the hero). In 1928, Fritz Lang made the film Spies which contained many tropes that became popular in later spy dramas, including secret headquarters, an agent known by

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4032-552: The Golden Gun ", and " Tomorrow Never Dies ". IGN chose "The World Is Not Enough" as the ninth-best James Bond theme of all time. In 2012 Grantland ranked the song as the second-best Bond song of all-time, behind only "Goldfinger." The song also appeared in two "best of 1999" polls: #87 in 89X 's "Top 89 Songs of 1999" and No. 100 in Q101 's "Top 101 of 1999". Another theme song was made by English post-Britpop band Straw , which

4128-789: The Rings . Barbara Broccoli also was in talks with Alfonso Cuarón to direct, who nearly accepted. Hoping to find a director capable of eliciting strong performances from women, the producers eventually hired Michael Apted , as his work with Sissy Spacek in Coal Miner's Daughter , Sigourney Weaver in Gorillas in the Mist and Jodie Foster in Nell has earned all three actresses Oscar nominations (with Spacek winning). Apted's then-wife Dana Stevens did an uncredited rewrite, primarily to strengthen

4224-586: The United Kingdom. Its world premiere was 8 November 1999 at the Fox Bruin Theater , Los Angeles, USA. At that time MGM signed a marketing partnership with MTV, primarily for American youths, who were assumed to have considered Bond as "an old-fashioned secret service agent". As a result, MTV broadcast more than 100 hours of Bond-related programmes immediately after the film was released, most being presented by Denise Richards. The film opened at

4320-647: The Z3 in GoldenEye and continued with the 750iL in Tomorrow Never Dies ) but, due to filming preceding release of the Z8 by a few months, several working mock-ups and models were manufactured for filming purposes. The soundtrack to The World Is Not Enough is the second Bond soundtrack to be composed by David Arnold . Arnold broke tradition by not ending the film with a reprise of the opening theme or, as with

4416-680: The article. Following the title sequence, Eilean Donan Castle in Scotland is used by MI6 as a location headquarters. Other locations include Baku , Azerbaijan, the Azerbaijan Oil Rocks and Istanbul , Turkey, where Maiden's Tower and Küçüksu Palace are shown. Principal photography began on 17 January 1999, and lasted until June of that year. The studio work for the film was shot as usual in Pinewood Studios , including Albert R. Broccoli's 007 Stage . Bilbao, Spain

4512-409: The barrel is not completely depressurized, the pig can be ejected from the barrel and operators have been severely injured when standing in front of an open pig door. A pig was once accidentally shot out of the end of a pipeline without a proper pig receiver and went through the side of a house 150 metres (500 ft) away. When the product is sour, the barrel should be evacuated to a flare system where

4608-605: The boat stunts in Millwall Dock and under Glengall Bridge were filmed at the Isle of Dogs . Chatham Dockyard was also used for part of the boat chase. Stowe School , Buckinghamshire, was used as the site of the King family estate on the banks of Loch Lomond . Filming continued in Scotland at Eilean Donan Castle which was used to depict the exterior of MI6 temporary operations centre "Castle Thane". The skiing chase sequence in

4704-512: The bottom portion of the pipeline. The system used a black box similar to those used on aircraft to record the information; it was basically a highly customized analog tape recorder. Until recently, tape recording (although digital) was still the preferred recording medium. As the capacity and reliability of solid-state memory improved, most recording media moved away from tape to solid-state. Capacitive sensor probes are used to detect defects in polyethylene gas pipeline. These probes are attached to

4800-574: The end of two 610-millimetre (24 in) diameter pipelines that carry gas under the River Thames, between East Tilbury in Essex and Shorne in Kent. Should one pipeline be damaged, by a ship's anchor for example, that line can be isolated and the second pipeline allows gas to flow across the river. There are many reports of incidents in which operators have been injured or even killed while performing

4896-505: The environment. They usually do not interrupt production, though some product can be lost when the pig is removed. They can also be used to separate different products in a multiproduct pipeline and to clear slugs of liquid from multiphase gas//liquid pipelines. Pigging requires the pipeline to be designed to be pigged from the outset. If the pipeline contains topological variations including changes in diameter, butterfly valves , instrumentation, tight bends, pumps or reduced port ball valves,

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4992-476: The exact path taken. Location verification is often accomplished by surface instruments that record the pig's passage by either audible, magnetic, radio-transmission or other means. The sensors record when they detect the passage of the pig (time-of-arrival); this is then compared to the internal record for verification or adjustment. The external sensors may have Global Positioning System capability to assist in their location. A few pig passage indicators transmit

5088-404: The female characters' roles, before Bruce Feirstein , who had worked in the previous two films, was hired to work on Bond's role. Initially the film was to be released in 2000, rumoured to be titled Bond 2000 . Other rumoured titles included Death Waits for No Man , Fire and Ice , Pressure Point and Dangerously Yours . The eventual title The World Is Not Enough is an English translation of

5184-579: The film following their work on Plunkett & Macleane ; Purvis and Wade would eventually write or co-write all of the following Bond films up to No Time to Die . The screenwriters incorporated material from the abandoned Bond screenplay Reunion with Death , which had been conceived in 1993 with Timothy Dalton as Bond. Broccoli was especially impressed by the writers' suggestion of a female main villain, stating that "With Elektra, Bond thinks he has found Tracy , but he's really found Blofeld ". Joe Dante , and later Peter Jackson , were initially offered

5280-539: The film has a weighted average score of 57 out of 100 based on 38 critics, indicating "mixed and average reviews". Chicago Sun-Times critic Roger Ebert said the film was a "splendid comic thriller, exciting and graceful, endlessly inventive", and gave it three-and-a-half stars out of four. On the other hand, Eleanor Ringel Gillespie of The Atlanta Journal-Constitution disliked the film, calling it "dated and confused". Nathan Rabin from The A.V. Club opined that "enough fun moments are scattered throughout to make it

5376-644: The film, which was later scrapped because of difficulties in filming in the script's original setting in China. Westlake adapted the script into the novel Forever and a Death , which was published posthumously in 2017 by Hard Case Crime . The pre-title sequence begins in Bilbao , Spain, featuring the Guggenheim Museum . After the opening scene, the film moves to London, showcasing the SIS Building and

5472-414: The flow pressure is. The pigs must be removed, as many pigs are rented, pigs wear and must be replaced, and cleaning (and other) pigs push contaminants from the pipeline such as wax, foreign objects, hydrates, etc., which must be removed from the pipeline. There are inherent risks in opening the barrel to atmospheric pressure so care must be taken to ensure that the barrel is depressurized prior to opening. If

5568-452: The franchise's original owner and distributor. In Bilbao , MI6 agent James Bond meets Swiss banker Lachaise to retrieve money for Sir Robert King, a British oil tycoon and friend of M . Bond interrogates the banker to identify the assassin of an MI6 agent, but Lachaise is killed before revealing this information, and Bond is forced to escape with the money. At MI6 headquarters in London,

5664-414: The integration of field devices like pressure or H 2 S meters in a valve interlocking sequence. This increases safety by integrating operator procedures with DCS and SIS safety systems. A "pig" is a tool that is sent down a pipeline and propelled by the pressure of the product flow in the pipeline itself. There are four main uses for pigs: One of the most common and versatile is the foam pig which

5760-569: The locator card as proof of the theft. An alarm sounds, revealing that the stolen bomb is attached to a pipeline inspection pig heading towards the oil terminal. Bond and Jones enter the pipeline to deactivate the bomb, and Jones discovers that half of the plutonium is missing. They jump clear of the rig and a section of pipe is destroyed. Bond and Jones are presumed killed. Back at the command centre, Elektra reveals that she killed her father as revenge for using her as bait for Renard. She abducts M, whom she resents for having advised her father not to pay

5856-463: The materials that the pipe is made of. For example, steel pipelines effectively prevent any significant radio communications outside the pipe. It is therefore necessary that the pig use internal means to record its own movement during the trip. This may be done by odometers , gyroscope-assisted tilt sensors and other technologies. The pig records this positional data so that the distance it moves along with any bends can be interpreted later to determine

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5952-418: The money is revealed to be laced with explosives that kill King. Bond chases the assassin by boat on the Thames to the Millennium Dome , where she attempts to escape via hot air balloon . Bond offers her protection; she refuses and blows up the balloon at the cost of her life. Bond traces the recovered money to Renard, a KGB agent turned terrorist . Following an earlier attempt on his life by MI6, Renard

6048-409: The most popular films include: Movie series ( franchises ) One-shots, sequels and remakes Some of the most popular television series include: Classic era Modern era Pigging In pipeline transportation , pigging is the practice of using pipeline inspection gauges or gadgets, devices generally referred to as pigs or scrapers , to perform various maintenance operations. This

6144-573: The newer P99. The novel also gave the cigar girl/assassin the name Giulietta da Vinci and retained a scene between her and Renard that was cut from the film. In 2000, the film was adapted by Electronic Arts to create two first-person shooters of the same name for the Nintendo 64 and PlayStation . The Nintendo 64 version was developed by Eurocom and the PlayStation version was developed by Black Ops . Versions of The World Is Not Enough for

6240-481: The one hand, the realistic spy novels of Len Deighton and John le Carré were adapted into relatively serious Cold War thrillers that dealt with some of the realities of the espionage world. Some of these films included The Spy Who Came in from the Cold (1965), The Deadly Affair (1966), Torn Curtain (1966), and the Harry Palmer series, based on the novels of Len Deighton . In another direction,

6336-613: The operator the location, type and size of each pipe defect. This information is used to judge the severity of the defect and help repair crews locate and repair the defect quickly without having to dig up excessive amounts of pipeline. By evaluating the rate of change of a particular defect over several years, proactive plans can be made to repair the pipeline before any leakage or environmental damage occurs. The inspection results are typically archived (perhaps in Pipeline Open Data Standard format) for comparison with

6432-464: The opportunity to direct the film. Barbara Broccoli enjoyed Jackson's Heavenly Creatures , and a screening of The Frighteners was arranged for her. She disliked the latter film, however, and showed no further interest in Jackson. Jackson, a lifelong Bond fan, remarked that as Eon tended to go for less famous directors, he would likely not get another chance to direct a Bond film after The Lord of

6528-514: The other by production designer Peter Lamont, second unit director Vic Armstrong, and composer David Arnold; a trailer for the PlayStation video game , and the Garbage music video. The Ultimate Edition released in 2006 had as additional extras a 2000 documentary named "Bond Cocktail", a featurette on shooting the Q Boat scenes, Pierce Brosnan in a press conference in Hong Kong, deleted scenes, and

6624-453: The outside to abrade rust , scale , or paraffin wax deposits from the inside of the pipe. Other types are fully or criss-cross coated in urethane, or there are bare polyurethane foam pigs with a urethane coating just on the rear to seal and assist in driving the pig. There are also fully molded urethane pigs used for liquid removal, or batching several different products in one line. Inline inspection pigs use various methods for inspecting

6720-697: The pig before it is sent through the polyethylene pipe to detect any defects in the outside of the pipe wall. This is done by using a triple-plate capacitive sensor in which electrostatic waves are propagated outward through the pipe's wall. Any change in dielectric material results in a change in capacitance. Testing was conducted by NETL DOE research lab at the Battelle West Jefferson's Pipeline Simulation Facility (PSF) near Columbus, Ohio. Modern, intelligent or "smart" pigs are highly sophisticated instruments that include electronics and sensors to collect various forms of data during their trip through

6816-459: The pig is removed from the pipeline via the receiver at the end of each run. All systems must allow for the receipt of pigs at the launcher, as blockages in the pipeline may require the pigs to be pushed back to the launcher. Many systems are designed to pig the pipeline in either direction. The pig is pushed either with a gas or a liquid; if pushed by gas, some systems can be adapted in the gas inlet in order to ensure pig's constant speed, whatever

6912-418: The pig's passage, time and location, via satellite uplink. The pig itself cannot use GPS as the metal pipe blocks satellite signals. After the pigging run has been completed, the positional data from the external sensors is combined with the pipeline evaluation data (corrosion, cracks, etc.) from the pig to provide a location-specific defect map and characterization. In other words, the combined data reveals to

7008-431: The pipe, sounding to some like a pig squealing, which gave pigs their name. A major advantage for multi-product pipelines of piggable systems is the potential of product savings. At the end of each product transfer, it is possible to segregate the next products using a pigging sphere. Alternatively it is possible to clear out the entire line contents with the pig, either forwards to the receipt point, or backwards to

7104-414: The pipeline cannot be traditionally pigged. In such instances, alternatives such as Ice Pigging may be employed. Full port (or full bore) ball valves cause no problems because the inside diameter of the ball opening is the same as that of the pipe. Some early cleaning "pigs" were made from straw bales wrapped in barbed wire while others used leather. Both made a squealing noise while traveling through

7200-446: The pipeline is used to push the pig along the pipe until it reaches the receiving trap—the "pig catcher" (or "receiving station"). Pigging is used to clean large diameter pipelines in the oil industry. Today, however, the use of smaller diameter pigging systems is now increasing in many continuous and batch process plants as plant operators search for increased efficiencies and reduced costs. Pigging can be used for almost any section of

7296-458: The pipeline. Intelligent pigs may also use calipers to measure the inside geometry of the pipeline. In 1961, the first intelligent pig was run by Shell Development. It demonstrated that a self-contained electronic instrument could traverse a pipeline while measuring and recording wall thickness. The instrument used electromagnetic fields to sense wall integrity. In 1964 Tuboscope ran the first commercial instrument. It used MFL technology to inspect

7392-615: The pipeline. They vary in technology and complexity depending on the intended use and the manufacturer. The electronics are sealed against leakage of the pipeline product, since these can range from being highly basic to highly acidic, and can be of extremely high pressure and temperature. Many pigs use specific materials according to the product in the pipeline. Power for the electronics is typically provided by onboard batteries which are also sealed. Data recording may be by various means ranging from analog tape, digital tape, or solid-state memory in more modern units. The technology used varies by

7488-613: The present day with series such as Callan , Alias and Spooks . Spy films also enjoyed something of a revival in the late 1990s, although these were often action films with espionage elements or comedies like Austin Powers . Some critics identify a trend away from fantasy in favor of realism, as observed in Syriana , the Bourne film series and the James Bond films starring Daniel Craig since Casino Royale (2006). Some of

7584-401: The previous three films, a new song. Originally, Arnold intended to use the song "Only Myself to Blame" at the end of the film; however, Apted discarded this and the song was replaced by a remix of the " James Bond Theme ". "Only Myself to Blame", written by Arnold and Don Black and sung by Scott Walker , is the 19th and final track on the album and its melody is Elektra King's theme. The theme

7680-406: The ransom money. Bond accosts Zukovsky at his caviar factory in the Caspian Sea and they are attacked by Elektra's helicopters. Zukovsky reveals his arrangement with Elektra was to accept a payoff via bets in his casino in exchange for the use of a submarine captained by Zukovsky's nephew. The group goes to Istanbul , where Jones realizes that if Renard were to insert the stolen plutonium into

7776-468: The results of later pigging runs on the same pipeline. A pig has been used as a plot device in three James Bond films: Diamonds Are Forever , where Bond disabled a pig to escape from a pipeline; The Living Daylights , where a pig was modified to secretly transport a person through the Iron Curtain ; and The World Is Not Enough , where a pig was used to carry and detonate a nuclear weapon in

7872-440: The right representing a pig launcher. In normal operation valves V2 and V4 will be open, all other valves and the door are closed and locked. To launch a pig See diagram on the right representing a pig receiver. To receive a pig The pigging installation shown (right) is known as an Above Ground Installation (AGI). It is part of the UK's National Transmission System for natural gas. It shows two pig launcher/ receivers at

7968-415: The service required and the design of the pig; each pigging service provider may have unique and proprietary technologies to accomplish the service. Surface pitting and corrosion, as well as cracks and weld defects in steel/ferrous pipelines are often detected using magnetic flux leakage (MFL) pigs. Other "smart" pigs use electromagnetic acoustic transducers to detect pipe defects. Caliper pigs can measure

8064-472: The source tank. There is no requirement for extensive line flushing. Without the need for line flushing, pigging offers the additional advantage of much more rapid and reliable product changeover. Product sampling at the receipt point is faster with pigs, because the interface between products is very clear; the old method of checking at intervals to determine where the product is on-specification takes considerably longer. Pigging can also be operated totally by

8160-584: The spy film in the 1930s with his influential thrillers The Man Who Knew Too Much (1934), The 39 Steps (1935), Sabotage (1937) and The Lady Vanishes (1938). These often involved innocent civilians being caught up in international conspiracies or webs of saboteurs on the home front, as in Saboteur (1942). Some, however, dealt with professional spies, as in Hitchcock's Secret Agent (1936), based on W. Somerset Maugham 's Ashenden stories, or

8256-599: The submarine's nuclear reactor, the resulting meltdown would destroy Istanbul, sabotaging the Russians' oil pipeline in the Bosphorus . Elektra's pipeline, planned to go around Istanbul, would increase in value. Bond gets a signal from the locator card at the Maiden's Tower before Zukovsky's henchman Bull blows up the command centre. Zukovsky is knocked unconscious, and Bond and Jones are captured by Elektra's henchmen. Jones

8352-516: The submarine, boards it and frees Jones. The submarine's hull ruptures as it sinks into the Bosphorus. Bond fights Renard and impales him by firing the plutonium rod into his chest. Bond and Jones escape from the submarine, leaving the flooded reactor to detonate underwater. Later, they share an evening in Istanbul, sharing an erotic kiss, while being monitored by MI6 satellites. In November 1997,

8448-443: The third-worst film, above A View to a Kill and Licence to Kill , while IGN chose it as the fifth-worst, both in 2007. Bond novelist Raymond Benson wrote his adaptation of The World Is Not Enough from the film's screenplay. It was Benson's fourth Bond novel and followed the story closely, but with some details changed. For instance, Elektra sings quietly before her death and Bond still carries his Walther PPK instead of

8544-476: The top of the North American box office with $ 35.5 million earned during its opening weekend. It remained in that spot until it was handed to Toy Story 2 during its second weekend. Its final worldwide gross was $ 361.8 million worldwide, with $ 126 million in the United States alone. It became the highest grossing James Bond film of all time until the release of Die Another Day . The film

8640-441: The transfer process between, for example, blending, storage or filling systems. Pigging systems are installed in industries handling products as diverse as lubricating oils, paints, chemicals, toiletries, cosmetics and foodstuffs. Pigs are used in lube oil or paint blending to clean the pipes to avoid cross-contamination, and to empty the pipes into the product tanks (or sometimes to send a component back to its tank). Usually pigging

8736-466: Was also entitled The World Is Not Enough but was rejected in favor of Garbage's song. The song is unique as the lyrics contains references to several of the Ian Fleming novels, including references to Goldfinger , You Only Live Twice , On Her Majesty's Secret Service , and Live and Let Die . The World Is Not Enough premiered on 19 November 1999 in the United States and on 26 November 1999 in

8832-616: Was also selected for the first round of nominations for the Academy Award for Best Visual Effects and it was failing to get nominated. The film was nominated for a Best Action/Adventure/Thriller Film Saturn Award , Pierce Brosnan won both the Empire Award and the Blockbuster Entertainment Award as Best Actor, and David Arnold won a BMI Film Music Award for his score. The film became the first in

8928-400: Was left with a bullet embedded in his brain, which makes him immune to pain but will eventually kill him. M assigns Bond to protect King's daughter Elektra, whom Renard had previously abducted and held for ransom. Bond flies to Azerbaijan , where Elektra oversees the construction of an oil pipeline. During a tour of the pipeline's proposed route in the mountains, Bond and Elektra are attacked by

9024-748: Was shot entirely at the outdoor water tank at Pinewood. The exterior of Kazakhstan nuclear facility was shot at the Bardenas Reales , in Navarre , Spain, and the exterior of the oil refinery control centre at the Motorola building in Groundwell, Swindon . The exterior of the oil pipeline was filmed in Cwm Dyli , Snowdonia , Wales , while the production teams shot the oil pipeline explosion on Hankley Common , Elstead , Surrey. Istanbul , Turkey,

9120-513: Was used briefly for the exterior of the Swiss bank and flyover-bridge adjacent to the Guggenheim Museum . In London outdoor footage was shot of the SIS Building and Vauxhall Cross with several weeks filming the boat chase on the River Thames eastwards towards the Millennium Dome , Greenwich . The canal footage of the chase where Bond soaks the parking wardens was filmed at Wapping and

9216-614: Was used in the film, also using the famous Maiden's Tower which was used as Renard's hideout in Turkey. Exteriors for Elektra King's Baku villa were shot at Küçüksu Pavilion in Istanbul, and interiors were shot at Luton Hoo in Bedfordshire, England. The underwater submarine scenes were filmed in the Bahamas . The BMW Z8 driven by Bond in the film was the final part of a three-film product placement deal with BMW (which began with

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