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70-469: Previously, he was chairman and chief executive officer of Fox Filmed Entertainment with Jim Gianopulos until his resignation on September 14, 2012, effective January 1, 2013. Rothman began at Fox in 1994 as the founder and President of Fox Searchlight Pictures and served the company for 18 years. During Rothman's tenure, Fox films were nominated for over 150 Academy Awards and won three Best Picture statuettes. The company also earned over $ 30 billion in

140-417: A Steven Spielberg project in 1999, Goodwin told Spielberg she was planning to write Team of Rivals , and Spielberg immediately told her he wanted the film rights. DreamWorks Pictures finalized the deal in 2001, and by the end of the year, John Logan signed on to write the script. His draft focused on Lincoln's friendship with Frederick Douglass . Playwright Paul Webb was hired to rewrite, and filming

210-546: A new News Corporation , and 21st Century Fox , which operated the Fox Entertainment Group and 20th Century Fox and other studios. Murdoch considered the name of the new company a way to maintain the 20th Century Fox's heritage as the group advances into the future. In January 2017, Fox Entertainment Group and 20th Century Fox formed FoxNext , which would handle video game developments, VR experiences and theme park businesses. After Disney completed

280-567: A Jewish writer, and although he felt Lincoln was Christian , he noted the president rarely quoted the New Testament , and that his "thinking and his ethical deliberation seem very talmudic ". By late 2008, Kushner joked he was on his "967,000th book about Abraham Lincoln". Kushner's initial 500-page draft focused on four months in the life of Lincoln, and by February 2009, he had rewritten it to focus on two months in Lincoln's life when he

350-591: A carefully worded statement, Lincoln denies there are envoys in Washington , and the vote proceeds, passing by a margin of just two votes. Black visitors to the gallery celebrate, and Stevens returns home to his "housekeeper" and lover , a biracial woman. When Lincoln meets with the Confederates , he tells them slavery cannot be restored, as the North is united for ratification of the amendment, and several of

420-465: A clear conscience". Lincoln biographer Ronald White also admired the film, though he noted a few mistakes and pointed out in an interview with NPR , "Is every word true? No." Historian Joshua M. Zeitz , writing in The Atlantic , noted some minor mistakes, but concluded that " Lincoln is not a perfect film, but it is an important film". Following a screening during the film's opening weekend,

490-587: A minute-long introduction with photographs to provide historical context and reference for audiences unfamiliar with the American Civil War. For the film's release in Japan, the film was screened with a preamble introduction featuring Spielberg. Disney Publishing Worldwide released several companion books and ancillary literature in anticipation of the film, including Lincoln: A Cinematic and Historical Companion and Lincoln: A Spielberg Film – Discover

560-431: A new distribution deal with Disney that same month. DreamWorks remained uneasy about solely financing the project and therefore approached 20th Century Fox to co-finance half of the film. 20th Century Fox agreed to join the film as a co-production partner, as well as taking international rights. Participant also agreed to finance a twenty-five percent share in the film. Spielberg approached Daniel Day-Lewis about

630-456: A petition campaign early in 1864 organized by the Women's National Loyal League , an organization of abolitionist women headed by Susan B. Anthony and Elizabeth Cady Stanton ." Kate Masur ( Northwestern University ) accused the film of oversimplifying the role of blacks in abolition and dismissed the effort as "an opportunity squandered" in an op-ed for The New York Times . Harold Holzer,

700-510: A politician. This is, in other words, less a biopic than a political thriller, a civics lesson that is energetically staged and alive with moral energy." As reported in the Maariv newspaper, on February 3, 2013, Israeli Prime Minister Netanyahu and his ministers discussed Spielberg's film, which several of them saw in Israeli cinemas. They debated whether, with the aim of abolishing slavery,

770-503: A rating out of 100 based on reviews from critics, the film has a score of 87 (out of 100) based on 45 reviews, indicating "universal acclaim", thus making it Spielberg's highest-rated film on the site since Saving Private Ryan . Audiences polled by CinemaScore gave the film an average grade of "A" on an A+ to F scale. Roger Ebert of the Chicago Sun-Times gave the film four out of four stars, and said: "The hallmark of

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840-558: A speech that, however ingrained in modern memory, did not achieve any semblance of a national reputation until the 20th century." Barry Bradford, a member of the Organization of American Historians , offered an analysis of some of the finer historical points of the film's representation of clothing, relationships and appearance. Allen Guelzo ( Gettysburg College ), also writing for The Daily Beast , had some plot criticism, but disagreed with Holzer: "The pains that have been taken in

910-483: A total of $ 275,293,450, well exceeding its $ 65 million budget. The film had a limited opening in eleven theaters with $ 944,308 and an average of $ 85,846 per theater. It opened at the #15 rank, becoming the highest opening of a film with such a limited release. It opened in 1,175 theaters with $ 21,049,406 and an average of $ 11,859 per theater. Disney produced additional prints of the film to accommodate theater demand. Lincoln received widespread critical acclaim. The cast

980-697: A year earlier. After dropping out of the role, Neeson incidentally suggested Day-Lewis to Spielberg. Neeson and Leonardo DiCaprio both spoke to Day-Lewis to convince him to accept the role. In November 2010, it was announced that Day-Lewis would replace Neeson in the role. While promoting Indiana Jones and the Kingdom of the Crystal Skull in May 2008, Spielberg announced his intention to start filming in early 2009, for release in November, ten months after

1050-646: Is "very rare". The Virginia State Capitol served as the exteriors and interiors of the US Capitol, and the exteriors of the White House . The House of Delegates inside the building was remodeled to fit for the House of Representatives chamber set. Scenes representing Grover's Theatre were filmed in Richmond, Virginia, at Virginia Repertory Theatre's November Theatre . John Williams composed and conducted

1120-822: Is the brother of actor John Rothman . In 2012, he was appointed as a director of Priceline.com Inc . Fox Filmed Entertainment The Fox Entertainment Group ( FEG ) was an American entertainment company specialized in filmed entertainment owned by 21st Century Fox . Following the acquisition of 21st Century Fox by Disney , the group's assets were dispersed to various Disney units. The film studios 20th Century Fox (now known as 20th Century Studios), Fox Searchlight Pictures (now known as Searchlight Pictures) and Blue Sky Studios were transferred to Walt Disney Studios , while Fox Star Studios (now known as Star Studios) transferred to Walt Disney Direct-to-Consumer & International . Its former owner, 21st Century Fox, previously known as News Corporation , acquired all

1190-725: Is watching Aladdin and the Wonderful Lamp at Grover's Theatre , the manager stops the play to announce that the President has been shot. The next morning, at the Petersen House , Lincoln dies with a peaceful expression across his face; in a flashback, Lincoln finishes intoning his second inaugural address on March 4 with the words, "With malice toward none, with charity for all". Lincoln household Union Army White House House of Representatives Republican Party Confederate States While consulting on

1260-484: The Ice Age series , Rio , and several others. Under Rothman's leadership, Fox produced Modern Family , Glee , and Homeland . From 2007 to 2010, Tom Rothman hosted Fox Legacy , a television series in which he provided background and behind-the-scenes information regarding the making of films. As Fox chairman, he became known for rejecting the idea behind Deadpool , claiming it wouldn't be successful, and making

1330-554: The Star Tribune wrote: " Lincoln is one of those rare projects where a great director, a great actor and a great writer amplify one another's gifts. The team of Steven Spielberg, Daniel Day-Lewis and Tony Kushner has brought forth a triumphant piece of historical journalism, a profound work of popular art and a rich examination of one of our darkest epochs." Charlie McCollum of the San Jose Mercury News called

1400-400: The 85th Academy Awards , it was nominated for twelve Academy Awards including Best Picture and Best Director ; it won for Best Production Design and Best Actor for Day-Lewis, his third in the category . It was also a commercial success, grossing over $ 275 million at the box office. It has since been cited as one of the best films of Spielberg's career and one of the greatest films of

1470-495: The Confederate government in peace negotiations. However, Lincoln knows that significant support for the amendment comes from Radical Republicans, for whom negotiated peace is unacceptable. Unable to proceed without Blair's support, Lincoln reluctantly authorizes his mission. In the meantime, Lincoln and Secretary of State William Seward work to secure Democratic votes for the amendment. Lincoln suggests they concentrate on

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1540-682: The Los Angeles Dodgers team to Frank McCourt. On August 14, 1998, Fox launched an initial public offering as a publicly traded company, trading on the New York Stock Exchange (NYSE,) while Fox Entertainment Group's address has been moved from Los Angeles to New York City. The company has traded on the NYSE since its launch under ticker symbol FOX until its acquisition in 2005 by News Corporation. In January 2005, shortly after News Corporation reincorporation in

1610-514: The Minnesota Civil War Commemoration Task Force held a panel discussion in which Dr. David Woodard of Concordia University remarked: "I always look at these films to see if a regular person who wasn't a 'Lincoln nut' would want to read a book about it after they watched the movie. I get the impression that most people who are not history buffs will now want to read something about Lincoln." Regarding

1680-528: The Palme d'Or at the Cannes Film Festival three times. For 18 years, Rothman worked at Fox Filmed Entertainment. In 1994, he founded and was the first president of Fox Searchlight Pictures (now Searchlight Pictures ), one of the first specialty film divisions linked to a major studio. Fox Searchlight went on to distribute multiple Oscar-winning films, including Slumdog Millionaire , which won

1750-492: The Samuel Goldwyn Company . He supervised landmark independent films such as Henry V , Much Ado About Nothing , Longtime Companion , Truly Madly Deeply , Wild At Heart , and The Madness of King George . He discovered and championed numerous young filmmakers who went on to become successful, including Ang Lee , Anthony Minghella , and Kenneth Branagh . During this time, the company's films won

1820-620: The Touchstone Pictures label in the United States and Canada on November 16, 2012, and by 20th Century Fox in international territories. Lincoln was acclaimed by critics, who lauded its acting (especially Day-Lewis's), Spielberg's direction, and its production values. In December 2012, it was nominated for seven Golden Globe Awards , including Best Motion Picture – Drama , Best Director for Spielberg, and winning Best Actor (Motion Picture – Drama) for Day-Lewis. At

1890-749: The acquisition of the 21st Century Fox assets on March 20, 2019, Fox Entertainment Group assets became Disney properties and are now reorganized under other Disney units. The Fox Entertainment name would later be used by the Fox Corporation for its entertainment assets. Lincoln (2012 film) Lincoln is a 2012 American biographical historical drama film directed and produced by Steven Spielberg , starring Daniel Day-Lewis as United States President Abraham Lincoln . It features Sally Field , David Strathairn , Joseph Gordon-Levitt , James Spader , Hal Holbrook , and Tommy Lee Jones in supporting roles. The screenplay by Tony Kushner

1960-618: The 1980s after the purchase of the Metromedia -owned independent stations by the 20th Century Fox film studio, at the time jointly owned by Australian-American media mogul Rupert Murdoch 's News Corporation , and Denver billionaire Marvin Davis . These stations would later become the foundation of the Fox television network (launched in October 1986), which would become the foundation of

2030-461: The 200th anniversary of Lincoln's birth. In January 2009, Taunton and Dighton, Massachusetts , were being scouted as potential locations. Filming took place in Richmond , Fredericksburg , and Petersburg, Virginia . In reference to Petersburg, according to location manager Colleen Gibbons, "one thing that attracted the filmmakers to the city was the 180-degree vista of historic structures" which

2100-631: The 21st century. In January 1865, President Abraham Lincoln expects the Civil War to end soon, with the defeat of the Confederate States . He is concerned that his 1863 Emancipation Proclamation may be discarded by the courts after the war and that the proposed Thirteenth Amendment will be defeated by the returning slave states . He feels it imperative to pass the amendment beforehand, to foreclose any possibility that freed slaves might be re-enslaved. The Radical Republicans fear

2170-786: The Academic Affairs Committee. He has worked as a teacher and fundraiser for Mentor L.A. Partner Schools. Rothman is an emeritus member of the board of directors of the Sundance Institute, which he served for 20 years, and the American Film Institute , a top film graduate school. Tom Rothman has been involved in fundraising activities for The Jewish Home for the Aging, the National Multiple Sclerosis Society, and

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2240-585: The American Jewish Committee. He serves on the board of New York's Art Therapy Outreach Center (ATOC), an organization that uses art therapy to help at risk groups. He serves on the board of trustees for California Institute of the Arts . In July 2022, Rothman contributed $ 25,000 to The Next 50, a liberal political action committee (PAC). Rothman is married to actress, singer, and author Jessica Harper . The couple have two daughters. Rothman

2310-542: The Best Picture Oscar in 2008. Rothman was president of production for 20th Century Fox where he oversaw the majority of the company's film development and production from 1996 to 1998 and was president of Twentieth Century Fox Film Group from 1998 to 2000. From 2000 to 2012, he was chairman and CEO of Fox Filmed Entertainment (FFE). FFE included 20th Century Fox, Fox Searchlight Pictures, Blue Sky Studios , and Twentieth Century Fox Television . During this time,

2380-641: The Chicago Symphony Orchestra at the time. Lincoln premiered at the New York Film Festival on October 8, 2012. It was also screened at the 2012 AFI Film Festival on November 8, 2012. Walt Disney Studios Motion Pictures distributed the film in North America through the Touchstone Pictures banner, while 20th Century Fox distributed it internationally. For its international release, 20th Century Fox added

2450-584: The Grand Jury prize to Fruitvale Station . Initially responsible for the re-launch of the Tristar Productions studio, it was announced in February 2015 that Rothman would replace Amy Pascal as chairman of Sony Pictures' Motion Picture Group and would continue to oversee the properties he greenlit at TriStar. In September 2018, Sony Pictures extended their contract with Rothman following

2520-632: The Story . DreamWorks and Google Play released the film's trailer during a Google+ hangout with Spielberg and Joseph Gordon-Levitt on September 13, 2012. A teaser trailer was released on September 10, 2012. Lincoln was released by Buena Vista Home Entertainment on Blu-ray , DVD , and digital download in North America on March 26, 2013. Both of the Blu-ray releases included featurettes to accompany this film titled The Journey to Lincoln and A Historic Tapestry: Richmond, Virginia , which discussed

2590-631: The Union Army, hoping to earn a measure of honor and respect outside of his father's shadow. Lincoln reluctantly secures an officer's commission for Robert. Mary Todd Lincoln , the First Lady, is aghast, fearing that he will be killed. She furiously presses her husband to pass the amendment and end the war, promising woe upon him if he should fail. At a critical moment in the debate in the House of Representatives, racial-equality advocate Thaddeus Stevens agrees to moderate his position and argue that

2660-466: The United States, News Corp announced that it was offering $ 5.9 billion to buy out the remaining 18% of shares in Fox that News Corporation did not already own. The maneuver delisted Fox from the New York Stock Exchange ; Fox Entertainment Group traded on the NYSE under the ticker FOX . In 2012, Rupert Murdoch announced that News Corporation would be split into two publishing and media-oriented companies:

2730-537: The amendment in place before the war is concluded and the southern states are re-admitted. Lincoln's hopes rely upon Francis Preston Blair , a founder of the Republican Party whose influence could win over members of the state conservative faction. With two sons serving in the Union Army, Blair is keen to end hostilities before the spring thaw arrives and the armies march again. Therefore, in return for his support, Blair insists that Lincoln allow him to engage

2800-406: The amendment represents only legal equality, not a declaration of actual equality. Meanwhile, Confederate envoys are ready to meet with Lincoln to discuss terms for peace, but he instructs they be kept out of Washington as the amendment approaches a vote on the House floor. Rumor of their mission circulates, prompting both Democrats and conservative Republicans to advocate postponing the vote. In

2870-435: The amendment will be defeated by some who wish to delay its passage; support from Republicans in the states is not yet assured. The amendment also requires the support of several Democratic congressmen to pass. With dozens of Democrats being lame ducks after losing their re-election campaigns in 1864 , some of Lincoln's advisors believe he should wait for a new Republican-heavy Congress . Lincoln remains adamant about having

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2940-699: The box office and made the then two highest-grossing films, Titanic and Avatar . Rothman also hosted Fox Legacy , a television series in which he provided background and behind-the-scenes information regarding the making of films. Rothman was born in to a Jewish family in Baltimore , Maryland . In 1972, he graduated from the Park School of Baltimore prior to entering college. Rothman graduated from Brown University with Honors in English and American Literature , magna cum laude , Phi Beta Kappa , and

3010-603: The co-chair of the Abraham Lincoln Bicentennial Foundation and author of more than 40 books, served as a consultant to the film and praised it, but also observed that there is "no shortage of small historical bloopers in the movie" in a piece for The Daily Beast . Holzer states, "As for the Spielberg movie's opening scene ... it is almost inconceivable that any uniformed soldier of the day (or civilians, for that matter) would have memorized

3080-540: The company (named after the TV network) itself. Not long after the Metromedia deal was made, Murdoch purchased Davis's shares and News Corp assumed full control of the film studio, which was then placed within Fox Entertainment Group. In 1995, Saban entered into a joint venture with the Fox children's television network to form Fox Kids Worldwide, which was best known for the first ten Power Rangers series. In 1997 it

3150-572: The decision to have the character (whose nickname is "The Merc With a Mouth") have his mouth sewn shut for the majority of his first film appearance in X-Men Origins: Wolverine . In September 2012, Tom Rothman resigned as chairman and chief executive of Fox Filmed Entertainment. That same month, Steven Spielberg announced that Rothman would produce Spielberg's Robopocalypse , for DreamWorks. In 2013, Sundance Film Festival named Rothman to its U.S. Dramatic Jury, and he presented

3220-511: The ends justified the means used by Lincoln, and compared Lincoln's predicament with their own complicated situation in the confusing aftermath of the 2013 Israeli elections . Eric Foner ( Columbia University ), a Pulitzer Prize -winning historian of the period, claimed in a letter to The New York Times that "The film grossly exaggerates the possibility that by January 1865 the war might have ended with slavery still intact." He also noted, "The 13th Amendment originated not with Lincoln but with

3290-503: The film "is finally a movie about how difficult and costly it has been for the United States to recognize the full and equal humanity of black people" and concluded that the movie was "a rough and noble democratic masterpiece". He also said that Lincoln's concern about his wife's emotional instability and "the strains of a wartime presidency ... produce a portrait that is intimate but also decorous, drawn with extraordinary sensitivity and insight and focused, above all, on Lincoln's character as

3360-403: The film "one of the finest historical dramas ever committed to film." Despite mostly positive reviews, Rex Reed of The New York Observer wrote: "In all, there's too much material, too little revelation and almost nothing of Spielberg's reliable cinematic flair." However, reviewers were unanimous in their praise of Day-Lewis's performance. A. O. Scott from The New York Times wrote that

3430-552: The filming of Lincoln by Spielberg in Richmond. It debuted at No. 1 in Blu-ray and DVD sales in its first week. Disney Educational Productions donated DVDs and a teaching guide, Stand Tall: Live Like Lincoln , to more than 37,100 secondary schools in the United States , after Spielberg received letters from educators who wished to incorporate the film into their curriculum . Lincoln earned $ 182,207,973 in North America from 2,293 theaters and $ 93,085,477 overseas for

3500-475: The historical source material for Kushner's screenplay, legal historian Michael Vorenberg, a professor at Brown University and author of Final Freedom: The Civil War, The Abolition of Slavery, and the Thirteenth Amendment , noted several details throughout the film that "could only have come from [his] book." Among these details were specifics of dealings between Democrats and Thaddeus Stevens,

3570-557: The lame-duck Democrats, as they will feel freer to vote as they choose and soon need employment; Lincoln will have many federal jobs to fill as he begins his second term. Despite being unwilling to offer monetary bribes to the Democrats, Lincoln and Seward authorize agents to contact Democratic congressmen with offers of federal jobs in exchange for their support. Meanwhile, Lincoln's son, Robert , returns from law school and announces his intention to discontinue his studies and enlist in

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3640-564: The man, performed so powerfully by Daniel Day-Lewis in Lincoln , is calm self-confidence, patience and a willingness to play politics in a realistic way." Glenn Kenny of MSN Movies gave it five out of five stars, stating: "It's the most remarkable movie Steven Spielberg has made in quite a spell, and one of the things that makes it remarkable is how it fulfills those expectations by simultaneously ignoring and transcending them." Colin Covert of

3710-476: The name of historical authenticity in this movie are worth hailing just on their own terms". In a later interview with the World Socialist Web Site , Guelzo claimed that "the film was 90 percent on the mark, which given the way Hollywood usually does history is saying something" and that it "got with reasonable accuracy a lot of Lincoln's character, the characters of the main protagonists, and

3780-600: The overall debate over the 13th Amendment. The acting and screenwriting were especially well done... I had never thought that Daniel Day-Lewis was acting, because what he portrayed seemed so close to my own mental image of what Lincoln must have been like." A historian has suggested that the depiction of Lincoln's high pitched voice, somewhat awkward mannerisms and even how he walked was remarkably accurate. David Stewart, an independent historical author, writing for History News Network, described Spielberg's work as "reasonably solid history", and told readers of HNN to "go see it with

3850-449: The part. Neeson was 58 at the time, and Lincoln, during the period depicted, was 55 and 56. In an interview with GQ , Neeson said he realized during a table read that the part was not right for him in "a thunderbolt moment", and after the read, he requested that Spielberg recast his role. Co-star Sally Field , in a 2012 PBS interview, suggested that Neeson's decision was influenced by the death of his wife Natasha Richardson less than

3920-506: The portrayal of Lincoln's final moments, editor Rhoda Sneller of Abraham Lincoln Online , references a diary entry from Secretary of the Navy Gideon Welles. The entry conflicts with the final scenes in the film in which the dying Lincoln is seen dressed in a nightgown, hunched over in his bed. Welles wrote "The giant sufferer lay extended diagonally across the bed," and "he had been stripped of his clothes." The differences between

3990-560: The project in 2003, but Day-Lewis turned down the part at the time, believing the idea of himself playing Lincoln "preposterous". Liam Neeson was cast as Lincoln in January 2005, having worked previously with Spielberg in Schindler's List . In preparation for the role, Neeson studied Lincoln extensively. However, in July 2010, Neeson left the project, saying that he had grown too old for

4060-619: The release of Spider-Man: Far From Home . Rothman is active in the nonprofit arts and education arenas. In December 2013, President Obama nominated Rothman to serve on the 18-member National Council on the Arts . The Council advises on the National Endowment for the Arts's policies and programs and makes recommendations on grant applications. He is a member of the Board of the Corporation of Brown University, where he serves on

4130-678: The score. It was recorded by the Chicago Symphony Orchestra and the Chicago Symphony Chorus . The soundtrack album was released by Sony Classical on November 2, 2012. All music was composed by Williams except " Battle Cry of Freedom ," which was written in 1862 by American composer George Frederick Root (1820–1895) during the American Civil War . Williams composed Track 6, "With Malice Toward None", for Chris Martin, principal trumpeter of

4200-543: The southern states' reconstructed legislatures would also vote to ratify. As a result, the peace negotiations fail, and the war continues. On April 3, Lincoln visits the battlefield at Petersburg, Virginia and speaks with Lieutenant General Ulysses S. Grant . On April 9, Grant receives General Robert E. Lee 's surrender at Appomattox Courthouse . On April 14, a cheerful Lincoln meets members of his cabinet to discuss future measures to enfranchise blacks, before leaving for Ford's Theatre . That night, while Lincoln's son Tad

4270-452: The stock of Fox Entertainment Group in 2005. In 2013, News Corporation was renamed 21st Century Fox and its publishing assets were spun off into the newly formed News Corp as part of a corporate reorganization. FEG was indirectly named after William Fox , who created Fox Film . This would eventually merge with Twentieth Century Pictures to become 20th Century Fox (now known as 20th Century Studios). Fox Entertainment Group formed in

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4340-413: The story behind securing Alexander Coffroth's vote and the fact that African Americans were present in the congressional galleries during the final vote. Ultimately, Kushner replied directly to inquiries from The New Republic writer Timothy Noah, explaining that while he had read Vorenberg's book and many others as research, he insists that Team of Rivals was his principal source material. Regarding

4410-564: The studio was nominated for over 150 Academy Awards, won three Best Picture Oscars, earned over $ 30 billion in worldwide box office sales. Fox had the best profit margins of any film studio. Some of the films produced over Rothman's tenure include: Lincoln , Life of Pi , The Descendants , Cast Away , Master and Commander: The Far Side of the World , Black Swan , Walk the Line , Juno , The Devil Wears Prada , The X-Men series ,

4480-1047: Was an All New England selection in Division 1 Lacrosse. In 1977, he worked as an English Teacher at the Salisbury School in Connecticut and coached varsity soccer. He graduated from Columbia Law School in 1980 as a James Kent Scholar, the school's highest academic honor. In 1981, he served on The United States Court of Appeals Second Circuit as a law clerk for the Honorable Walter Mansfield . From 1982 to 1986, he worked as an attorney at Frankfurt Kurnit Klein & Selz. In 1986, Rothman co-produced Jim Jarmusch 's Down by Law and Robert Frank 's Candy Mountain . In 1987, he began working as an executive vice president of Columbia Pictures on all aspects of film development and production. In 1989, he served as president of Worldwide Production for

4550-424: Was lauded, especially Day-Lewis, Field and Jones. The film holds a 90% approval rating on the review aggregation website Rotten Tomatoes , based on 288 reviews with an average rating of 8.00/10. The website's critical consensus reads: "Daniel Day-Lewis characteristically delivers in this witty, dignified portrait that immerses the audience in its world and entertains even as it informs." On Metacritic , which assigns

4620-632: Was loosely based on Doris Kearns Goodwin 's 2005 biography Team of Rivals: The Political Genius of Abraham Lincoln and covers the final four months of Lincoln's life. The film focuses on Lincoln's efforts in January 1865 to abolish slavery and involuntary servitude by having the Thirteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution passed by the United States House of Representatives . The film

4690-473: Was preoccupied with adopting the Thirteenth Amendment . Spielberg arranged a $ 50 million budget for the film, to placate initial distributor Paramount Pictures , who had previously delayed the project over concerns it was too similar to Spielberg's commercially unsuccessful Amistad (1997). Eventually, Paramount dropped the film in February 2009. The film's North American distribution rights then shifted to Walt Disney Studios , after DreamWorks established

4760-699: Was produced by Spielberg and frequent collaborator Kathleen Kennedy , through their respective production companies, Amblin Entertainment and the Kennedy/Marshall Company . Filming began October 17, 2011, and ended on December 19, 2011. Lincoln premiered on October 8, 2012, at the New York Film Festival . The film was co-produced by American companies DreamWorks Pictures , 20th Century Fox and Participant Media , along with Indian company Reliance Entertainment , and distributed theatrically by Walt Disney Studios Motion Pictures through

4830-473: Was renamed Fox Family Worldwide. On July 23, 2001, it was announced that Fox Family Worldwide (now ABC Family Worldwide Inc. ) would be sold to Disney from News Corporation and businessperson Haim Saban . On October 24, 2001, the sale was completed. On March 20, 1998, Fox Entertainment Group (under the management of Rupert Murdoch) purchased Los Angeles Dodgers from Peter O'Malley on $ 311-million of dollars. On January 20, 2004, Fox Entertainment Group sold

4900-587: Was set to begin in January 2006, but Spielberg delayed it out of dissatisfaction with the script. Liam Neeson said Webb's draft covered the entirety of Lincoln's term as president. Tony Kushner replaced Webb. Kushner considered Lincoln "the greatest democratic leader in the world" and found the writing assignment daunting because "I have no idea [what made him great]; I don't understand what he did any more than I understand how William Shakespeare wrote Hamlet or Mozart wrote Così fan tutte ." Kushner said Lincoln's abolitionist ideals made him appealing to

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