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30-475: A Thongdrel (མཐོང་གྲོལ།) (alt. throngdrel ) is a large appliqué (གོས་དྲུབ།) religious image normally only unveiled during tsechus (ཚེ་བཅུ།) , the main religious festivals in Bhutan . They are the largest form of thangka(ཐང་ཀ།) paintings in the tradition of Tibetan Buddhism . Thongdrels typically depict a seated Guru Rinpoche surrounded by holy beings in a composition that, unlike most smaller thangkas,

60-518: A district or dzongkhag (although not every district has a thongdrel). Typically they are displayed on the last day of the tsechu. The painting is not allowed to be struck by the direct rays of the sun, thus it may be unfurled at around 3:00 in the morning and rolled back up by 7:30 AM. Usually the architecture of the dzong provides a wall with access above, down which they may be unrolled, but sometimes metal hanging frames may be used. Major Tibetan centres have thangka walls , structures built into

90-538: A larger piece and quilting layers of textile fabrics together—has been found throughout history. Patchwork was used by ancient Egyptians for their clothes, wall decorations, draperies and furniture, with oldest depictions from 5,500 years ago (3,400 BCE). Chinese patchwork is storied to have begun by emperor Liu Yu of the Liu Song dynasty . Earliest preserved pieces have been dated from the early Middle Ages , where among other uses layers of quilted fabric were used in

120-413: A larger random or composed design. The colored shapes can be randomly pieced or follow a strict order to create a specific effect, e.g. value (light to dark) progressions, or checkerboard effects. Names such as Hit or Miss, Clamshell, back-stitch, needle weave, criss-cross, and Starburst identify some overall patchwork structures. Round pieces formed by cutting a circle of fabric, gathering the edges with

150-411: A program. The programs have a machine stops during stitching to allow the user to switch threads. First, the fabric that will be the background and the appliqué fabric are affixed into the machine's embroidery hoop. The program is run and the machine makes a loose basting stitch over both layers of fabric. Next, the machine halts for a thread change, or other pre-programmed break. The user then cuts away

180-669: A running stitch and pulling them tightly shut are known as Suffolk puffs in the United Kingdom due to the Suffolk wool used to pad them. In the United States, the pieces are called yo-yos. The origin date of this type of piecework is unknown, but it was popular in the United States during the Great Depression and in the United Kingdom after World War II . These round pieces can be joined with several stitches on

210-523: Is also done in various parts of Pakistan, especially in the Sindh region, where they call it ralli . Pakistani ralli quilts are famous all over the subcontinent even in the west. These quilts are a part of their tradition and are made by women. Now these are gaining international recognition even though they have been making them for thousands of years. Patchwork is also common in Azerbaijan, where it

240-646: Is called qurama . The history of patch is not all recent. It dates back as far as 980 BC Egypt . Patchwork was used by early Egyptians on their clothing , and walls. Earliest preserved pieces of patchwork are of the Middle Ages. An Egyptian queen , Esi-Mem-Kev, who used to live at time around 980 BC used a patchwork funeral canopy was found in the tomb. Not only in Egypt, but many early patchworks have been found in ancient and medieval Indian and Chinese civilization . Another example of patchwork in Egypt

270-470: Is carved ivory figure discovered in 1903. It was a pharaoh from the first dynasty of Egypt, around 3400 BC . There are three traditional structures used to construct a patchwork or pieced composition: 1) the block, 2) overall, and 3) strip piecing. Traditional patchwork has identifying names based on the arrangement of colors and shapes. Patchwork blocks are pieced squares made up of colored shapes that repeat specific shapes to create patterns within

300-425: Is established as a legitimate artistic medium, with quilted works of art selling for thousands of dollars to corporate buyers and galleries . Quilt historians and quilt appraisers are re-evaluating the heritage of traditional quilting and antique quilts, while superb examples of antique quilts are purchased for large sums by collectors and museums . The American Quilt Study Group is active in promotion of research on

330-418: Is in a "landscape" format, somewhat wider than it is tall. Thongdrels are composed of several layers, mostly of silk. These begin with a backing, then the image itself, made up of appliqué pieces sewn to a background. Finally there is a yellow drape that covers and protects it when not on display. Thongdrels are stored rolled up. Thongdrels are displayed once a year as the highlight of the tsechu festival of

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360-399: Is often used to make quilts , but it can also be used to make rugs, bags, wall-hangings, warm jackets , cushion covers, skirts , waistcoats and other items of clothing . Some textile artists work with patchwork, often combining it with embroidery and other forms of stitchery . When used to make a quilt , this larger patchwork or pieced design becomes the "top" of a three-layered quilt,

390-492: Is the crazy quilt. Crazy quilting was popular during the Victorian era (mid–late 19th century). The crazy quilt is made up of random shapes of luxurious fabric such as velvets , silks , and brocades and buttons, lace, and other embellishments left over from the gowns they had made for themselves. The patchwork pieces are stitched together forming "crazy" or non-repeat, asymmetric compositions. Fancy embroidery embellishes

420-520: Is used to add embellishments to women's aprons in Eastern Europe and decorative uses of felt appliqué are also seen among the nomadic tribes of Central Asia to decorate yurts , floor covering and bags. Reverse applique is used on the Mola textiles of South America. In the context of sewing, an appliqué refers to a needlework technique in which patterns or representational scenes are created by

450-513: The Latin applicō "I apply" and subsequently from the French appliquer "attach". The term appliqué is derived from French and Latin verbs appliquer and applicare , respectively, which both mean to join or attach. Like embroidery, it has a humble beginning. The technique was used as a way to strengthen worn areas of items or to patch holes that had formed. Early appliqué was used to lengthen

480-790: The history of quilting . In India Kantha originated from the Sanskrit word kontha , which means rags, as the blankets are made out of rags using different scrap pieces of cloth. Nakshi kantha consisting of a running (embroidery) stitch, similar to the Japanese Sashiko is used for decorating and reinforcing the cloth and sewing patterns. Katab work called in Kutch . It is popularly known as Koudhi in Karnataka. Such blankets are given as gifts to newborn babies in many parts of India. Lambani tribes wear skirts with such art. Patchwork

510-537: The ralli quilts of India and Pakistan also use appliqué. It is particularly suitable for work which is to be seen from a distance, such as in banner-making . A famous example of appliqué is the Hastings Embroidery . A lace-on-lace applique seam can be used to join edges of lace. Motifs in the design of the lace are overlapped and fastened down with a whipstitch . Modern consumer embroidery machines quickly stitch appliqué designs by following

540-561: The US, patchwork declined after World War II but was again revived during the American bicentennial. In the past, hand quilting was often done in a group around a frame. Instead of quilting, the layers are sometimes tied together at regular intervals with pieces of yarn, a practice known as tying or knotting, and which produces a "comforter". The 2003 Quilting in America survey estimated that

570-520: The area around Abomey , where it has been a tradition since the 18th century and the kingdom of Danhomè . There are folk traditions to embellish garments with leather appliqué in Scandinavia, Russia and Eastern Europe, and leather appliqué is also found in Gujarat , India, Pakistan and Morocco where men's clothing and leather slippers are decorated with embroidery and leather appliqué. Felt appliqué

600-595: The attachment of smaller pieces of fabric to a larger piece of contrasting colour or texture. Good textiles for appliqué are durable and don't easily fray, like felt and leather . Applied pieces usually have their edges folded under, and are then attached by any of the following: Appliqué is used extensively in quilting . "Dresden Plate" and "Sunbonnet Sue" are two examples of traditional American quilt blocks that are constructed with both patchwork and appliqué. Baltimore album quilts , Broderie perse , Hawaiian quilts , Amish quilts, Egyptian Khayamiya and

630-480: The construction of armor—this kept the soldiers warm and protected. Japanese armor was made in a similar fashion. Using this technique, quilts began to appear in households of the 11th to 13th centuries. As the European climate became colder around this time, the incidence of the use of bed quilts rose, and so developed the practice of embellishing a simple cloth through the creation of pattern and design, alongside

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660-429: The defensive walls or other buildings specifically designed to give a large space for the display of festival thangkas. The mere viewing of the unfurled thongdrel is said to cleanse the viewer of negative karma. They may also be exhibited at other important occasions such as royal coronations, when the thongdrel from a number of monasteries may be transported to appear. Appliqu%C3%A9 The term originates from

690-483: The development of decorative quilting. The tradition of making quilts in this fashion was taken to America by the Pilgrims. Patchwork enjoyed a widespread revival during the Great Depression as a way to recycle worn clothing into warm quilts. Even very small and worn pieces of material are suitable for use in patchwork, although crafters today more often use new 100% cotton fabrics as the basis for their designs. In

720-611: The excess appliqué fabric from around the basting stitch. Following this, the machine continues on programme, automatically sewing the satin stitches and any decorative stitching over the appliqué for best results. Patchwork Patchwork or " pieced work " is a form of needlework that involves sewing together pieces of fabric into a larger design. The larger design is usually based on repeating patterns built up with different fabric shapes (which can be different colors). These shapes are carefully measured and cut, basic geometric shapes making them easy to piece together. Patchwork

750-569: The life of clothing and moved into artful techniques that can be seen in blankets and quilts from numerous cultures from all over the world. Archaeologists have discovered ancient examples of appliquéd leather in Egypt (980 BCE), and leather and felt appliqés have been found on carpets, wall hangings and saddle covers in 4th century BCE tombs in Siberia and Mongolia . Appliquéd cloth is an important art form in Benin , West Africa, particularly in

780-459: The middle layer being the batting and the bottom layer the backing. To keep the batting from shifting, a patchwork or pieced quilt is often quilted by hand or machine using a running stitch in order to outline the individual shapes that make up the pieced top, or the quilting stitches may be random or highly ordered overall patterns that contrast with the patchwork composition. Evidence of patchwork—piecing small pieces of fabric together to create

810-454: The seam lines between the individual, pieced shapes. The crazy quilt was a status symbol, as only well-to-do women had a staff to do all the household work, and had the time to sew their crazy quilt. Traditionally, the top was left without lining or batting. Many surviving crazy quilts still have the newspaper and other foundation papers used for piecing. Overall patchwork designs are incrementally pieced geometric shapes stitched together to form

840-401: The sides to connect other puffs together and form a coverlet or other items. Scrap pieces may be used, or colors may be coordinated into patterns. Strip piecing involves stitching together pieces of fabric in repeat patterns into long strips and then stitching the strips together lengthwise. The patchwork strips can be alternated with strips of contrasting colors. A typical strip patchwork quilt

870-556: The square or block of, say, light and dark or contrasting colors ( motif ). The blocks can all repeat the same pattern, or blocks can have several different patterns. The patchwork blocks are typically around 8–10 in (52–65 cm ). They are sewn together in stacked rows to make a larger composition. Often strips of contrasting fabric forming a lattice separate the patchwork blocks from each other. Some common patchwork block names are Log Cabin , Drunkard's Path , Bear's Paw , Tulip , and Nine Patch . A unique form of patchwork quilt

900-491: The total value of the American quilting industry was $ 2.7 billion. International quilting exhibitions attract thousands of visitors, while countless smaller exhibitions are held every weekend in local regions. Active cyber-quilting communities abound on the web; books and magazines on the subject are published in the hundreds every year; and there are many active local quilting guilds and shops in different countries. "Quilt Art"

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