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45-458: Titanfall is a media franchise that mainly features first-person shooter games. The series was created by Respawn Entertainment and debuted on Xbox and Microsoft Windows ; it has expanded to other consoles and platforms. In Titanfall , players control "Pilots" and their mech-style Titans, and fight in six-on-six matches set in the war-torn outer space colonies of the Frontier. The game

90-601: A strategy game. Peter Hirshmann will direct the FPS and Bit Reactor will co-develop the strategy game. On March 20, 2023, Respawn announced they were opening a third studio to keep Apex Legends going for "10 to 15 years", this time in Madison, Wisconsin with Call of Duty veteran Ryan Burnett to lead the company in that branch. Prior to his previous position at Epic Games as director of engine production, Burnett spent 14 years at Call of Duty studio Raven Software – just one of

135-485: A franchise can even be created, which ultimately leads to the creation of brand worlds. Since the creation of Disneyland in 1955, bringing fictional media franchises to life through the theme parks slowly became increasingly popular as the way to perfectly blend tourism and real-life involvement with media itself. Similar to transmedia, the concept of bringing fictional media into a non-fictional space where fans can immerse themselves in real-life versions of elements from

180-424: A modeling agency, several television shows ( Playboy's Penthouse , in 1959), and even its own television channel . Twenty-five years later, Playboy released private clubs and restaurants, movie theaters, a radio show , direct to video films, music and book publishing (including original works in addition to its anthologies of cartoons, photographs, recipes, advice, articles or fiction that had originally appeared in

225-539: A returning multiplayer mode known as Frontier Defense. The level " Effect and Cause " in particular was well received. Titanfall: Assault was a top-down real-time strategy game for mobile platforms in the style of Clash Royale . It was developed by Particle City and Respawn Entertainment , published by Nexon , and released for iOS and Android in August 2017. All servers for Titanfall: Assault were shut down on July 30, 2018. On July 31, 2018, Titanfall: Assault

270-515: Is a 24-minute short film directed by Anthony Giacchino that was produced for inclusion in Medal of Honor: Above and Beyond as an installment in its Gallery series of short documentaries. The film follows former French Resistance member Colette Marin-Catherine as she travels to Germany for the first time in 74 years to visit the Mittelbau-Dora concentration camp where her brother died at

315-483: Is optimized for fast-paced, continual action, aided by wall-running abilities and populations of computer-controlled soldiers. Other titles in the series includes unique characters who are able to use special abilities. Titanfall , the first game in the series, was released for Xbox One and Microsoft Windows on March 11, 2014. On April 8, 2014, it released for Xbox 360 . The game was mainly multiplayer focused with no real single-player campaign included. Instead, there

360-484: Is the Japanese term for a transmedia franchise. The term media mix gained its circulation in late 1980s and is first used to describe adaptations of Sakyo Komatsu 's Japan Sinks , but the origins of the strategy can be traced back to the 1960s with the proliferation of anime , with its interconnection of media and commodity goods. Some of the earlier popular Japanese franchises such as Vampire Hunter D in

405-614: The Call of Duty franchise, where they were responsible for its development until 2010. Respawn's debut game, the first-person shooter Titanfall , was released in 2014. On December 1, 2017, the studio was acquired by EA. Its first game since the acquisition was the free-to-play Apex Legends , released on February 1, 2019, followed by Star Wars Jedi: Fallen Order , released in November of that year. Respawn developed Medal of Honor: Above and Beyond , which included in its bonus features

450-563: The Academy Award -winning short documentary Colette . Jason West and Vince Zampella had been leads at Infinity Ward , a subsidiary of Activision founded in 2002. Infinity Ward was a principal studio on the Call of Duty series, and in 2007, released Call of Duty 4: Modern Warfare , a critical success for the series. West and Zampella leveraged the success of Modern Warfare to renegotiate their contracts with Activision in 2008, asking for large bonuses and creative control of

495-491: The fantasy and science fiction genres. Similarly, fantasy, science fiction films and television shows are frequently adapted into animated television series , video games, or both. A media franchise does not have to include the same characters or theme, as the brand identity can be the franchise, like Square Enix 's Final Fantasy or the National Lampoon series , and can suffer from critical failures even if

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540-423: The 1980s and Pokémon in the late 1990s, acted as benchmarks in the country's transmedia dominance. The latter in particular began as a video game available on Nintendo 's Game Boy , and crossed through the media of television, film, news, and other non-media related realms, such trading cards, merchandise, and more. A number of Japanese media franchises have gained considerable global popularity, and are among

585-399: The announcement. Titanfall is the first game developed by Respawn Entertainment , a developer founded by Jason West and Vince Zampella. As ex-employees of Infinity Ward , they helped create the Call of Duty franchise. The two were fired after contract disputes. Media franchise A media franchise often consists of cross-marketing across more than one medium. For the owners,

630-565: The day-in-the-life episodes of the many different Real Housewives series. Documentaries and docuseries are other highlights of the non-fiction branch of media franchises, such as the popular Planet Earth series, which serves as both a film and television transmedia franchise. Respawn Entertainment Respawn Entertainment, LLC is an American video game development studio founded in 2010 by Jason West and Vince Zampella and owned by Electronic Arts since 2017. West and Zampella previously co-founded Infinity Ward and created

675-725: The fictional worlds they love, adds to the overall narrative the franchise creates through its other media. Marvel's Avenger's Campus park is one of the many franchise-based theme parks created in recent times, following the creation of The Wizarding World of Harry Potter at Universal Studio's Islands of Adventure and Star Wars' Galaxy's Edge at Disneyland and Disney World . Media franchises tend to cross over from their original media to other forms. Literary franchises are often transported to film, such as Nancy Drew , Miss Marple , and other popular detectives , as well as popular comic book superheroes . Television and film franchises are often expanded upon in novels , particularly those in

720-470: The film The Matrix Reloaded and the video game Enter the Matrix were produced at the same time, using the same actors on the same sets, and released on the same day. Transmedia franchises occasionally release content through certain media that is not canon to the main or greater story that the franchise is built around, meaning that the elements of said content do not truly exist in the main timeline of

765-467: The financial logic of cost-recovery for expensive productions by identifying that a single medium launch is a lost opportunity, the timeliness of the production and release is more important than its integrity, the releases should raise brand awareness and the cross-ability of the work is critical for its success. American Idol was a transmedia franchise from its beginnings, with the first season winner Kelly Clarkson signing with RCA Records and having

810-607: The focus on the content of the commodity to "overlapping the commodity image with the character image". The book Anime's Media Mix: Franchising Toys and Characters in Japan, by Marc Steinberg, details the evolution of the media mix in Japan. Long-running franchises were common in the early studio era, when Hollywood studios had actors and directors under long-term contract. In such cases, even lead actors are often replaced as they age, lose interest, or their characters are killed. Spin-offs and adaptations of popular pieces of media within

855-433: The franchise's characters and settings. As one author explains, "For the studios, a home-run is a film from which a multimedia 'franchise' can be generated; the colossally expensive creation of cross-media conglomerates predicated on synergistic rewards provides an obvious imperative to develop such products." The trend later developed wherein franchises would be launched in multiple forms of media simultaneously; for instance,

900-415: The franchise. Canon content often times breaks continuity, leading fans to speculate or seek to confirm which media are canon and which are not, which can get confusing if the franchise does not provide an answer themselves since entire media can be non-canon to the greater story, with a popular example occurring. On the other hand, specific episodes, volumes or parts of a series can be canon while others in

945-471: The future. As of July 10, 2010, 38 of the 46 Infinity Ward employees who resigned from that studio following the firings of West and Zampella revealed through their LinkedIn and Facebook profiles that they had signed on with Respawn Entertainment. EA Games Label president Frank Gibeau revealed at E3 2011 in June 2011 that Respawn Entertainment's EA-published shooter was "sci-fi oriented" and would allow

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990-478: The goal of increasing profit through diversity can extend the commercial profitability of the franchise and create strong feelings of identity and ownership in its consumers. Those large groups of dedicated consumers create the franchise's fandom , which is the community of fans that indulge in many of its media and are committed to interacting with and keeping up with other consumers. Large franchise-based fandoms have grown to be even more popular in recent years with

1035-671: The hands of the Nazis. Of the Gallery shorts, Colette garnered particular recognition for its cinematic value. Respawn and Oculus submitted it to various film festivals, including the Big Sky Documentary Film Festival where it won the award for Best Short, making it eligible for submission to the American Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences for awards consideration. Subsequently, Colette

1080-473: The magazine), footwear, clothing of every kind, jewelry, housewares (lamps, clocks, bedding, glassware), guitars and gambling, playing cards, pinball machines and pet accessories, billiard balls, bedroom appurtenances, enhancements, plus countless other items of merchandise. Non-fiction media franchises also exist in the television and film media, with reality TV being one of the most well-known examples; ranging from competition shows like The Amazing Race to

1125-516: The major studios based in the area. In September 2023, it was announced that Asmussen had left to Respawn to pursue other creative endeavors. In March 2024, "around two dozen" Respawn employees were laid off as part of EA's previously announced effort to cut 5% of its global workforce. It was also announced that the Star Wars FPS Respawn was developing had been canceled, with the fate of the strategy game being unclear. Colette

1170-400: The media fictional material is unrelated. Non-fiction literary franchises include the ...For Dummies and The Complete Idiot's Guide to... reference books . An enduring and comprehensive example of a media franchise is Playboy Enterprises , which began expanding well beyond its successful magazine, Playboy , within a few years after its first publication, into such enterprises as

1215-433: The overarching story and narrative of the franchise itself. A connection between the characters, settings, and other elements of the media franchise do still exist within the different media, regardless of the fact that they are being presented in sometimes completely different ways, such as the shared, interweaving storylines and elements of Spider-Man films, television shows, comics and video games. Espen Aarseth describes

1260-484: The popular Twilight book series that was adapted into the five films of The Twilight Saga . Other neologisms exist to describe various franchise types including metaseries , which can be used to describe works such as Isaac Asimov 's Foundation series . Multimedia franchises usually develop through a character or fictional world becoming popular in one medium, and then expanding to others through licensing agreements , with respect to intellectual property in

1305-465: The project was to be a third person action-adventure game. On May 4, 2016 – Star Wars Day – Asmussen announced Respawn Entertainment was making a third-person Star Wars game, later revealed to be Star Wars Jedi: Fallen Order at E3 2018 . In October 2017, it was announced that Respawn Entertainment was developing a virtual reality first person shooter title for the Oculus Rift , which

1350-513: The publisher to "compete with things like Gears and Halo ". Gibeau also stated that EA would release Respawn's project when it saw an "opportunistic" window. Later that month, Respawn released a blurry teaser image of its unannounced game via the official website launched that day. Respawn further released another blurry image, and teased the new game with mo-cap shot. West left the company in March 2013, with Zampella saying that his departure

1395-415: The release of A Moment Like This becoming a #1 hit on Billboard Hot 100. The success resulted in a nationwide concert tour, an American Idol book that made the bestseller list and the film From Justin to Kelly . A transmedia franchise however is often referred to by the simpler term "media franchise". The term media franchise is often used to describe the popular adaptation of a work into films, like

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1440-409: The rise of social media platforms, as many fans seek to interact with one another for discussion, debate and even to create their own fan-made pieces of media revolving around the franchise, on websites like tumblr , Reddit and Fandom . In the case of successful transmedia franchises, each different medium should expand the target demographic and fandom, build the interest of the consumers and add to

1485-525: The same medium are not, such as the fact that only some of the Battlestar Galactica comics are canon, with a large amount of them breaking the continuity of the main story. In Japanese culture and entertainment, media mix ( wasei-eigo : メディアミックス , mediamikkusu ) is a strategy to disperse content across multiple representations: different broadcast media , gaming technologies, cell phones, toys, amusement parks , and other methods. It

1530-554: The series in exchange for releasing Call of Duty: Modern Warfare 2 in 2009, which Activision agreed to on the condition that the control would revert to Activision if the pair were fired. From that point, Activision sought ways to trigger that clause, and West and Zampella looked for ways to make Infinity Ward independent. Events came to a head in March 2010 when the two were fired from Activision, forfeiting their bonuses. Several lawsuits followed, with West and Zampella accusing Activision of unpaid bonuses while Activision countersued that

1575-498: The two had conspired with Electronic Arts (EA) to damage Infinity Ward, but these suits were ultimately settled out of court. In April 2010, a month after their release from Activision, West and Zampella set off to form a new independent studio, Respawn Entertainment. They sought funding from EA through the EA Partners Program. West and Zampella will retain the rights to all intellectual property produced by them in

1620-477: The world's highest-grossing media franchises . For example, Pokémon 's penetration into the American market of the franchise along with others of Japanese origin, such as Yu-Gi-Oh! , gave rise to the recognition of what is variously called transmedia storytelling , crossmedia, transmediation , media synergy, etc. Researchers argue that the 1963 Tetsuwan Atomu marked a shift in Japanese marketing from

1665-553: Was "to take care of some family issues". The following month, Respawn registered a trademark for the name Titan, and it was reported that Respawn's game was an always-online Xbox exclusive, although nothing had been confirmed. In June 2013, Respawn Entertainment debuted Titanfall at E3. On October 22 they revealed the release date of the game to be March 11, 2014, in North America, and March 13 in Europe. In March 2015, it

1710-498: Was a collectible card game that was played in real-time. The player collects and places Pilot, Titan, and burn cards to damage and defeat their opponent. Pilot and Titan cards can combine to perform extra damage. In January 2017, Titanfall: Frontline was cancelled. In 2016, EA had announced that it was partnering with Nexon to create an Asian market specific version of Titanfall called Titanfall Online , similar to Counter-Strike Online and Call of Duty Online . This version

1755-504: Was a single-player tutorial included that served as a way for the player to learn the mechanics of the game. Titanfall 2 was released on October 28, 2016, for the Xbox One , PlayStation 4 , and Microsoft Windows . This time, the game included a single-player campaign with a full-fledged story. Many of the mechanics from Titanfall returned, including maps in multiplayer. The game received several free updates after its launch, including

1800-503: Was announced that Respawn was developing a sequel, Titanfall 2 , which was later released on October 28, 2016. In June 2014, it was announced that Stig Asmussen , who previously worked for Santa Monica Studio on the God of War series, had joined the studio as game director of a second project that had nothing to do with Titanfall . From job listings in January 2016, it was found that

1845-498: Was based on the first Titanfall rather than its sequel, with some slight differences like four main pilots in the game, the introduction of a new titan, and a new map. Titanfall Online had a closed beta in 2017. Titanfall Online was cancelled on July 9, 2018, primarily due to poor reception during testing and a changing market. On 2 February 2023, the supposed single-player Titanfall and Apex Legends game codenamed TFL (short for Titanfall Legends ) has been cancelled even before

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1890-481: Was formally revealed as Medal of Honor: Above and Beyond in September 2019. In November 2017, Electronic Arts acquired the company for US$ 151 million in cash and up to US$ 164 million in equity. The acquisition was completed on December 1, 2017. In February 2019, Respawn Entertainment debuted Apex Legends via YouTube livestream . This debut had no prior announcement or marketing. The game

1935-441: Was released in 2019 for the Xbox One , PlayStation 4 , and Microsoft Windows , and in 2021 for Nintendo Switch as a free-to-play game. The game was met with positive critical reception. The game holds the record for the most players signed up in 1 week at 25 million. The game currently has a playerbase of 100 million people. The mobile game version called Apex Legends Mobile was released on May 17, 2022 Titanfall: Frontline

1980-577: Was released the same day as the livestream on February 4, 2019. On its tenth anniversary, Respawn announced it was opening a new studio in Vancouver, British Columbia , to focus on ongoing development of Apex Legends . The studio is located on the EA Vancouver campus as to be able to tap into their resources. On January 25, 2022, it was announced that Respawn was developing a sequel to Jedi Fallen Order alongside an original Star Wars FPS and

2025-502: Was removed from Google Play shortly after the servers were shut down. Apex Legends is a battle royale game that features hero shooter mechanics and the first major platform spin-off for the series. While the game is not directly tied to Titanfall , many of its assets and gameplay features were based on Titanfall 2 . While Apex Legends takes place in the Titanfall universe, the games do not run parallel to each other. The game

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