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55-583: Tiwi can refer to: Tiwi, Albay , a municipality in the province of Albay, Philippines Tiwi, Kenya , a settlement in Kenya's Coast Province Tiwi, Oman , an archaeological site Tiwi, Northern Territory , a suburb of Darwin in Australia The Tiwi Islands , 80 km (50 mi) north of Darwin The Tiwi people , the inhabitants of

110-541: A Catholic parish, it was administered by a secular priest under the then Diocese of Nueva Caceres , now an archdiocese. In its primeval stages, it had some 1,105 houses, a parish church, a community-funded primary school, and a cemetery outside the town proper. The villagers ordinarily engaged in fishing, planting rice, corn, sugarcane, indigo, fruit-bearing trees, and vegetables. Aside from agriculture, they also busied themselves weaving cotton and abaca clothes, and in pottery. In Kagnipa, known today as Barangay Baybay, stands

165-458: A friend of Bulan the god of the Moon; Haliya, the masked goddess of the moonlight and the arch-enemy of Bakunawa and protector of Bulan. Her cult is composed primarily of women. There is also a ritual dance named after her as it is performed to be a counter-measure against Bakunawa.; Bulan , the god of the pale moon, he is depicted as a pubescent boy with uncommon comeliness that made savage beast and

220-632: A pronounced dry season, precipitation is distributed fairly well throughout the year becoming wetter in the last quarter into the early months of the first quarter, when tropical disturbances and monsoon winds especially the Northeast Monsoon ( Amihan ) bring in heavy rains. Other months are characterized by short periods of dryer days and fine weather, except in July and August when the dry and gusty southwest monsoon winds intensify. Catanduanes' geographical position has it lying completely exposed to

275-401: A sign of warning for people to mend their crooked ways. Ancient Bikolanos had a rite performed for him called Atang.; Asuang, the evil god who always tries to steal the sacred fire of Mount Mayon from his brother, Gugurang. Addressed sometimes as Aswang, he dwells mainly inside Mount Malinao. As an evil god, he would cause the people to suffer misfortunes and commit sins. Enemy of Gugurang and

330-644: A thriving municipality during the Spanish period, was reduced to a mere barrio of Viga and later of Panganiban . During the American Regime , some locals refused to recognize the sovereignty of the United States , and most of them fled to the mountains. The American occupation did not last long. By 1934, the Americans had withdrawn from control of the island. During World War II , Catanduanes

385-541: Is San Miguel with its poblacion ( town center ) sitting in a location entirely devoid of flatlands. The majority of the built-up areas occupy zones that are classified as flat to rolling. The island is a biodiversity hotspot . Its rainforests are home to the Philippine brown deer , flying foxes , and other endemic bat species, warty pigs , civets , cobras , giant pythons , monitor lizards , sailfin lizards and other endemic animals. Exotic bird species such as

440-680: Is an island province located in the Bicol Region of Luzon in the Philippines . It is the 12th-largest island in the Philippines, and lies to the east of Camarines Sur , across the Maqueda Channel . Its capital is Virac , the most populous town in the province. Catanduanes had a population of 271,879 people as of the 2020 census. The province comprises Catanduanes (mainland or main island), Panay Island , Lete Island,

495-576: Is another Barangay in the Municipality of Tiwi, Albay. In the 2020 census, Tiwi had a population of 56,444. The population density was 530 inhabitants per square kilometre (1,400/sq mi). Roman Catholicism remained the dominant religion since its propagation in the town 1696. Generally the town speaks Central Bikol as their first language while others speak Buhinon in the areas near Buhi, Camarines Sur . Other Bikol languages are spoken by significant minorities that are from other areas of

550-460: Is critically endangered as humans hunt them for food and to some extent, as pets. In mainland Luzon, sightings of the creature are already rare while in Marinduque , it is generally considered extinct. Inventory of the entomological fauna in the island has been conducted by various scientific institutions. A survey which was submitted to the national museum has revealed interesting species in

605-408: Is different from Wikidata All article disambiguation pages All disambiguation pages Tiwi, Albay Friars called the place Tigbi , which evolved into Tivi and, then, finally to its present name Tiwi . Tiwi began as a barrio of Malinao before it was formally organized as a politically independent pueblo in 1696. As a pueblo , it was governed by a gobernadorcillo . As

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660-573: Is found only in Catanduanes and Luzon islands. The published research by Brown and Siler in Journal of Biogeography (2013) actually reported this species in the forests of Gigmoto. One of the very recent species found in Catanduanes and portions of Bicol region is the new loam-swimming skink , a legless reptile with its assigned scientific name Brachymeles makusog . The dipterocarp forest also harbor numerous tropical plant species including

715-431: Is mostly rugged and mountainous terrain. Its slope characteristics are 13% gently sloping to undulating, 1% classified rolling to hilly, 2% very hills and mountains, 47% level to very gently sloping, 32% steep hills and mountainous, and 5% undulating to rolling. Ten of the eleven municipalities of the province is situated along the coastal fringes, over which locate its mostly fractured plains. The only landlocked municipality

770-523: Is nestled in the very beginning of the Kuroshio Current , a sea current that runs through the eastern Philippines, Taiwan, and Japan. Tuna migration, which is at its peak in the months of April and May, can be seen in the Maqueda channel. Dugongs were once known to swim on Catanduanes coasts, but this event is already becoming extremely rare. The Catanduanes coast is one of the best spots for

825-514: Is rugged and mountainous, becoming more pronounced towards the central portion of the island. Less than 10 percent of the land area has a slope gradient under 8 percent, mostly fractured and narrow strips of plains located along the coastal areas where most of the inhabitants are settled. The highest mountain peak is in Boctot, located between the municipalities of Virac and San Miguel with an elevation of 803 metres (2,635 ft) above sea level. It

880-616: Is situated on the easternmost edge of Luzon : 13.3 to 14.1 degrees north latitudes and between 124.1 and 124.3 degrees east longitudes. The island bounded on the west by the Maqueda Channel , on the south by Lagonoy Gulf , and on the north and east by the Philippine Sea . Several small islands comprise the province. Its aggregate land area totals approximately 1,492.16 square kilometres (576.13 sq mi). The coastlines, that stretch to almost 400 km (249 mi), are jagged with many bays. The topography of Catanduanes Island

935-625: Is the premier mountain range with broadly spread old-growth forests and watershed which exerts widespread influence over its immediate environs that include the municipalities of Virac, Bato , and San Miguel. Other prominent mountain forms include the ranges: Obi in Caramoran , Cagmasoso in San Andres , and the Summit and Magsumoso ranges within the Viga and Gigmoto areas. The lowlands include

990-479: Is to swallow Bulan, who Haliya swore to protect for all of eternity. Roman Catholicism is the religion of the vast majority, comprising 97% of Catanduanes' population. The remaining faith of the inhabitants is divided into the various groups such as Aglipayan Church , Baptists , Methodists , and other evangelical Christians, as well as Mormons , Jehovah's Witnesses , Iglesia ni Cristo , Seventh-day Adventists as well as Muslims . There are two variants of

1045-503: The Bicol Region . The majority of the inhabitants also understand Tagalog ( Filipino ) and English as second languages. Poverty incidence of Tiwi Source: Philippine Statistics Authority Catanduanes Catanduanes ( / ˌ k ɑː t ɑː n ˈ d w ɑː n ɛ s / ; Tagalog pronunciation: [kɐtɐnˈdwɐnes] ), officially the Province of Catanduanes ( Filipino : Lalawigan ng Catanduanes ),

1100-455: The Bikol languages native to this island province: Northern Catanduanes Bicolano and Southern Catanduanes Bicolano . The northern accent has a very pronounced letter "R" that becomes a diphthong of non-vowel letters "L" and "R" in the southern towns. In written form, the conventional mainland language like Central Bikol is used. Filipino , by virtue of being officially taught in schools and

1155-564: The Palumbanes group of islands (Porongpong, Tignob and Calabagio), and a few other small, surrounding islets and rocks. The province is also home to various mollusk fossil sites, notably the second-oldest ammonite site in the Philippines. These sites have certain species of ammonites that are found nowhere else in Southeast Asia . Because of the province's importance and rich geologic history, various scholars have suggested that, if

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1210-478: The Philippine Sea . Therefore, it is known as "Land of the Howling Winds" because it is frequently visited by tropical cyclones. Catanduanes comprises 11 municipalities , all encompassed by the lone district . The population of Catanduanes in the 2020 census was 271,879 people, with a density of 180 inhabitants per square kilometre or 470 inhabitants per square mile. In May 2000, its total population

1265-552: The Philippine Statistics Authority , the municipality has a land area of 105.76 square kilometres (40.83 sq mi)   constituting 4.11% of the 2,575.77-square-kilometre- (994.51 sq mi) total area of Albay. Tiwi is 38 kilometres (24 mi) from Legazpi City and 565 kilometres (351 mi) from Manila . Tiwi is politically subdivided into 25 barangays . Each barangay consists of puroks and some have sitios . Lourdes

1320-659: The flying fish population; a flying fish can attain its fullest size in Catanduanes which may weigh 300 grams (11 oz). Rabbitfish Siganus sp ., a type of reef fish is one of the most heavily exploited marine tropical fish in Catanduanes. Its fry that comes out in shallow coasts during the breeding season (March–May) are fished in large volumes. Approximately 10 million rabbitfish fries are caught annually. This natural event supplies food for many people but its ecological impact can be devastating. Nature advocates started to strengthen their campaign for an eco-dialogue for this matter. Sea cucumbers are also abundant in many islets of

1375-527: The Bicolanos reasoned that it is to why the waves rise to reach the Moon when seen from the distant horizon. Whenever he does catch up to Bulan, Haliya comes to rescue Bulan and free him immediately; Okot , god of forest and hunting; and Bakunawa , a gigantic sea serpent deity who is often considered as the cause of eclipses, the devourer of the Sun and the Moon, and an adversary of Haliya as Bakunawa's main aim

1430-583: The Northern Catanduanes variety has more distinct features. The predominant ethnic group is the Bicolano people . Migrants from other parts of Luzon, as well as Visayas and Mindanao, make up a minority as well. Few, who are of Chinese , Australian , American , and Spanish descent also live in the province. Catanduanes was historically a part of the Albay province. On October 26, 1945, it

1485-666: The Philippine hornbill , rail , parrot, bittern , egret , pheasant , coot , lapwing , plover , Philippine duck , quail , owl , oriole , kingfisher , swiftlets and many more are also found. A record of "Philippines Birding Trip Reports" has found out massive bird species in several parts of the island such as the watershed and timberland forests reserve in Gigmoto where scattered deer populations are also usually reported. The Catanduanes bleeding-heart ( Gallicolumba luzonica rubiventris ) had experienced over-exploitation in

1540-502: The Philippines Abacá Capital. Catanduanes' earliest recorded name was Isla de Cobos . This was the name given to it by Spanish conquistadors , early in 1573, when they came upon several tribes on the island who were living in the thatched huts that the tribal people called cobos . “Catanduanes” comes from the words tandu , a native beetle, and samdong , a native species of tree, both were found throughout

1595-747: The Tiwi Islands The Tiwi language , spoken by the Tiwi people See also [ edit ] Tawi (disambiguation) Tivi (disambiguation) Topics referred to by the same term [REDACTED] This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the title Tiwi . If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change the link to point directly to the intended article. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Tiwi&oldid=809813203 " Categories : Disambiguation pages Place name disambiguation pages Hidden categories: Short description

1650-562: The Virac Plain, Viga Plain, San Andres Plain and the Bato River Flood Plain. The coastal municipalities with limited lowland agricultural areas are Pandan and Caramoran. The more extensive lowlands are found in the southern parts of the province. The largest coastal plain is the contiguous wetlands of Viga, Panganiban and Bagamanoc over which lies the widest area of rice paddies and nipa mangroves . The province

1705-573: The affinity of most Bicolanos to it, is the second most common language and easily the most understood by most people. English is the normal medium used in primary communications. The use of the Spanish language as a local language seems to have vanished after the turn of the early 21st century. When the Spaniards came to the Philippines, Catanduanes, being on the Pacific Ocean side and on

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1760-552: The bill was approved on September 26, 1945, and signed into law by President Sergio Osmeña on October 24, 1945. Remigio Socito, previously the Lieutenant Governor, was appointed the first Provincial Governor . When elections were held in 1947, Alfonso V. Usero became the first elected Governor. On April 15, 2022, President Rodrigo Duterte signed the Republic Act No. 11700 declaring Catanduanes province as

1815-437: The conquistadors, evangelized the entire population, beginning with the southern tribes, without meeting much resistance. From 1600 to 1857, the colonizers established nine local centers of government through the establishment of parishes: Caramoran (1601); Pandan (1650); Viga (1661); Panganiban (1663); Virac (1775); Bato (1830); and San Andres (1853). During the period of American rule, Bagamanoc , which had been

1870-556: The development brought about by modernization, Northern Catanduanes was quite isolated from mainland Bicol and Southern Catanduanes, resulting in less opportunity for contact between different groups. One probable reason why the Northern Catanduanes language variety is distinct from the Southern Catanduanes variety is that the mountainous terrain separating the north from the south acts as a barrier to community interaction. The lack of good roads and transportation arising from

1925-575: The dilapidated Sinimbahan. It is the remnant of the first concrete house of worship built by the Franciscans led by the pastor of Malinao, Fray Pedro de Brosas, remains to be the deaf witness of both the villagers' ready acceptance of the Christian faith and their suffering of persecution at the hands of the Moslems; Christian missionaries called them Moros. The parola by the shore of Sitio Nipa of

1980-541: The eastern coasts facing the Philippine Sea. Palumbanes (province satellite group of islands) has beaches with fine yellowish-white sand. It is also one of the most biodiverse marine zones of the island. However, coral reef exploitation has severely inflicted for the last 10 years on its waters. The local government and some sectors are already undergoing efforts to revive Palumbanes Island through building artificial reefs and employing fishing regulations. Without

2035-453: The first settlers in Catanduanes. The island was raided more than once by the Moros , who lived on the island of Mindanao . As a result of these destructive raids, many records of the past were destroyed or lost. In 1573, Juan de Salcedo arrived in Catanduanes while hunting for pirates and conquered the natives. Three years later, a galleon expedition from Acapulco was shipwrecked near

2090-410: The forest reserve of Gigmoto and Pandan. A total of 2,000 entomological specimens and its allies were collected compromising 323 species under 45 genera and 50 families. The Catanduanes narrow-mouthed frog ( Kaloula kokacii ), an arboreal amphibian found only in Catanduanes and some parts of Bicol, enjoys its diversity but is being carefully monitored. Another endemic amphibian Hylarana similis

2145-575: The island, and the survivors were either killed or enslaved. This event is commemorated at the Batalay Church in Bato , a few kilometers outside the capital town of Virac. The evangelization of the island started twenty years later, when the Spanish soldiers, after subjugating the Bicol mainland, came back with Franciscan missionaries. The missionaries, armed with the cross and backed by the sword of

2200-480: The island. People often referred to the island as katanduan or kasamdongan , meaning ‘a place where the tandu and the samdong tree thrive in abundance.’ The pronunciation of this word by Spanish-speaking people led to the coining of the Hispanicized version, Catanduanes . Rulers ( datus ) from Borneo settled on the island of Panay . Their descendants then migrated throughout the archipelago and became

2255-554: The islands of what are now known as Catanduanes , San Miguel, Rapu-Rapu , and Batan, not to mention those from adjoining pueblos in the mainland of Ibalon, now the province of Albay, and the Camarines. In the extant records of the municipality, the first chief executive of the municipal government was Don Lorenzo Mancilla installed in 1776. Tiwi is located at 13°27′31″N 123°40′50″E  /  13.4585°N 123.6805°E  / 13.4585; 123.6805 . According to

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2310-407: The late 20th century. Although most forests are still intact, this species has suffered over-hunting, making it very rare and is believed to be near extinction or already extinct as its last reported specimen was collected in 1971. The southern giant slender-tailed cloud rat ( budkon / bugkon ), which is found only in Catanduanes and the southern half of Luzon Island, is still widely reported. It

2365-477: The population. The number of households totaled 41,019 with an average household size of 5.25. Prior to colonization, the region had a complex religious system which involved various deities. Among these deities include: Gugurang, the supreme god who dwells inside of Mount Mayon where he guards and protects the sacred fire in which Aswang, his brother was trying to steal. Whenever people disobey Gugurang and commit sins, he would cause Mount Mayon to burst lava as

2420-417: The province would take the initiative to put its name forward in nomination, it would stand a good chance of being named a UNESCO Geopark Reserve . In the early 20th century, Catanduanes was a sub-province of Ambos Camarines . Later, it was a sub-province of Albay . It became an autonomous province in 1945. Congressman Francisco Perfecto filed House Bill No. 301 , which separated the province from Albay;

2475-459: The same barangay testifies to the people's paralyzing fear of the Moros' capricious forays. The market site of the pueblo before these raids was located in the present location of Baybay Elementary School. In order to sidetrack surprise attacks, at least temporarily, the market site was transferred to southernmost part of now Barangay Baybay; henceforth, it was called Binanwaan . The transfer, however,

2530-535: The sixth province of the Bicol Region with the signing of the Act. Remigio Socito, Catanduanes's last Lieutenant Governor was appointed as the first Provincial Governor. When elections were held in 1947, Alfonso V. Usero became the first elected Governor. On September 26, 1945, Catanduanes was recognized as a separate and independent province. By Republic Act No. 159, dated June 26, 1947, the municipality of Caramoran

2585-511: The terrain contributed to the present situation. Since the seaport is in Virac, Northern Catanduanes remained in isolation from other subgroups for quite some time. Furthermore, the inhabitants of Northern Catanduanes were the first occupants of the island to have been pushed northwards when immigrants from the mainland occupied the southern part of the island. This supports the closeness of the Southern Catanduanes variety to other Bicol subgroups while

2640-1084: The threatened species of pitcher plants and rafflesia as well as endemic banana varieties. Many highly economical hardwood trees such as yakal , apitong , palosapis , and molave are still found in the central forests through local reports indicate that these species are already threatened. Mangrove forests exist in several coastal areas but the largest locations are in Banquerohan (Viga-Panganiban), Agoho in San Andres and Batalay in Bato. The Catanduanes reefs harbor many endangered and threatened types of mollusks such as giant Triton , cowries , abalone , cone snails , conches , octopuses, squids , and nautiluses . Marine mammals are also reported to frequent on its eastern coasts such as species of dolphins and whales, which appear from March to June. Many edible marine algae such as caulerpa , valonia , and turbellaria also grow abundantly on its rough coasts. The island

2695-409: The very route of the galleon ships, was one of the first places they penetrated to propagate Christianity. The Spanish priests founded churches in every town. People from mainland Bicol also traveled to Catanduanes, specifically Caramoran, which is directly across from Albay. The research of McFarland on the year 1974, the dialects of Bicol area, stated that until the advent of the twentieth century and

2750-471: The vicious mermaids (Magindara) tame. He has deep affection towards Magindang, but plays with him by running away so that Magindang would never catch him. The reason for this is because he is shy to the man that he loves. If Magindang manages to catch Bulan, Haliya always comes to free him from Magindang's grip; Magindang , the god of the sea and all its creatures. He has deep affection to the lunar god Bulan and pursues him despite never catching him. Due to this,

2805-450: Was 215,356 with an annual growth rate of 1.42% from 1990 to 2000, and a population density of 142 per km . Over the following 10 years, the average annual growth rate was 1.35%, increasing the population to 246,300 persons in the May 2010 census. Almost all of the people of the province are natural born citizens. Naturalized citizens, most of which are Chinese, comprised only about one percent of

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2860-573: Was not spared from Japanese invasion . The Japanese erected garrisons in different parts of the island and heavily fortified it. Three months after the Philippine independence from the Americans , Catanduanes was finally recognized as a separate and independent province from Albay through Commonwealth Act No. 687 authored by then Representative Francisco Perfecto. The independence was approved by Congress on September 26, 1945, signed into law by President Sergio Osmena Sr. on October 24, 1945, and took effect on October 26, 1945. Catanduanes became

2915-462: Was recreated out of the Municipality of Pandan ; under R.A. No. 491, dated June 12, 1950, the Municipality of Bagamanoc was also created. Gigmoto formally became a municipality again in 1951, as did San Miguel in 1952. Also in the early 1950s, another center of government, Baras , was created. It was during this period that the island saw economic development and growth. Interlinking roads were built and trading centers were created. Catanduanes

2970-457: Was separated from Albay and was declared an island-province through Commonwealth Act No. 687 . When the island was still in transition to becoming a full-pledge province, it was headed by Lt. Governor Felipe Olesco Usero. Gubernatorial elections for Catanduanes started in 1948. The People Power Revolution in February 1986 ushered in new leadership. Former Ambassador Leandro I. Verceles Sr.

3025-450: Was useless. Finally, to have enough time to escape and keep themselves safer from their enemies' easy attacks, the inhabitants moved the market site and their settlement to the present poblacion now named as Barangay Tigbi. Before the Moro's assaults, Barangay Baybay was then the center of trade and commerce because of its easy accessibility to marine transportation of goods. The goods came from

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