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16-458: The Tillinge Runestone , designated as U 785 under Rundata , is a Viking Age memorial runestone that was found at the church of Tillinge in Uppland , Sweden . The Tillinge Runestone inscription consists of a runic text within a serpent. It was initially found within the church wall, but the full inscription could not be read until it was removed from the wall in 1946 and raised in front of

32-677: A prayer for the brother's soul. It may be one of the Ingvar Runestones , but is not included in that group as it does not mention Ingvar the Far-Travelled , the leader of a Swedish Viking expedition to the Caspian Sea . As such, this runestone may be a memorial to a Varangian who died while in service in Asia. The inscription is unsigned and has been attributed either to runemasters named Torbjörn or Gunnar. The inscription

48-464: A record of inheritance was intended for the public. The inscription is signed by the runemaster Þorbjôrn Skald, who also signed the runestone U 532 at Roslags-Bro. Other inscriptions have been attributed to him, including several stones signed only with "Þorbjôrn." He was likely selected as the runemaster for his composition of the Hillersjö stone's text in alliterative verse known as höjningar ,

64-472: Is characterized by slim and stylized animals that are interwoven into tight patterns. The animal heads are typically seen in profile with slender almond-shaped eyes and upwardly curled appendages on the noses and the necks. The runic text indicates that Gerlög married with Germund when she was very young, and they had a son who is not named. Germund drowned and the son died. Then Gerlög remarried with Gudrik and they had several children, but only one survived, who

80-604: Is classified as being carved in runestone style Pr1, which is also known as the Ringerike style . Rundata The origin of the Rundata project was a 1986 database of Swedish inscriptions at Uppsala University for use in the Scandinavian Languages Department. At a seminar in 1990 it was proposed to expand the database to cover all Nordic runic inscriptions, but funding for the project

96-419: Is consistent with the inheritance rules later codified in the 1296 Uppland Law. This text is completed with information from runestone U 20/U 21 , where it is said that both Gudrik (Gerlög's second husband and Inga's father) and Eric (Inga's second husband) had died. The estate Snottsta (also spelled Snåttsta) still exists. At Snottsta and the neighboring Vreta there are several other runestones that complete

112-407: Is currently underway for the next edition of the database. Each entry includes the original text,in a transliterated form, its location, English and Swedish translations, information about the stone itself, et cetera. The stones are identified with a code which consists of up to three parts. The first part describes the origin of the inscription. For Swedish inscriptions this contains a code for

128-609: The Rundata catalog as U 29 and located at Hillersjö, which is about four kilometers north of Stenhamra on Färingsö , is a runic Younger Futhark inscription that tells, in Old Norse , the tragic real life family saga of Gerlög and her daughter Inga . It is the longest runic inscription in Uppland and the second longest one in Sweden after the Rök runestone . The inscription on

144-426: The province , and, for Extra-Nordic inscriptions, a code for the country (not ISO 3166 ). Province code: Country code: The second part of the code consists of a serial number or a previous method of cataloging. The third part of the code is a character which indicates the age ( Proto-Norse , Viking Age , or Middle Ages ) and whether the inscription is lost or retranslated. As such, U 88 would mean that

160-432: The Hillersjö stone, which is 2.8 by 1.0 meters, consists of runic text in the younger futhark that is carved on an intertwined serpent. The main text is written on the serpent with extraneous information, such as the fact that "Þorbjôrn Skald carved the runes," carved outside of the serpent. The inscription is classified as being carved in runestone style Pr4, which is also known as Urnes style . This runestone style

176-464: The church. Many runestones were reused for materials in the construction of roads, bridges, walls, and buildings before their historical significance was understood. The inscription is dated as being from the first half of the 11th century and is in Old Norse and written using the younger futhark . The Tillinge Runestone was raised by a man in memory of his brother who died in Serkland , and ends in

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192-638: The inscriptions in Rundata also include a field called Stilgruppering . This refers to date bands determined by the style of ornamentation on the stone as proposed by Gräslund: The date bands are: The catalog numbers refer to a variety of reference works and scholarly publications. Some of the more notable of these include: Other bibliography information is available inside the Rundata client program by pressing F4 . Gerlög and Inga : Färentuna Runestones , Hillersjö stone , Snottsta and Vreta stones Runic transliteration and transcription Hillersj%C3%B6 stone The Hillersjö stone , listed in

208-515: The saga of Inga that are called the Snottsta and Vreta stones . The runic text begins with the imperative Rað þu! which is translated as "Interpret!" Other runestones with similar imperitive exclamations in their runic texts include U 328 in Stora Lundby and Sö 158 in Österberga. On the Hillersjö stone, Rað þu! is carved on the eye of the serpent, perhaps indicating that the stone as

224-498: The stone is from Uppland and that it is the 88th to be catalogued. This system has its origin in the book Sveriges runinskrifter (English: "Runic Inscriptions of Sweden") Most of the time, the Period/Datering information in Rundata just gives the date as V , meaning Viking Age , which is very broad. For some Danish inscriptions from Jacobsen & Moltke a more precise sub-period is given. The periods used are: Many of

240-437: Was named Inga. Inga married Ragnfast of Snottsta and they had a son who is not named. Both Ragnfast and the son died and so Inga inherited the estate Snottsta. Inga then married Eric, but both soon died without leaving any children. This meant that Gerlög inherited her daughter's property. It has been noted that the chain of inheritance documented on the Hillersjö stone, including how property passed to women through their children,

256-462: Was not available until a grant was received in 1992 from the Axel och Margaret Ax:son Johnsons foundation. The project officially started on January 1, 1993 at Uppsala University. After 1997, the project was no longer funded and work continued on a voluntary basis outside of normal work-hours. In the current edition, published on December 3, 2008, there are over 6500 inscriptions in the database. Work

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