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34-643: The Trust Building is a heritage-listed office and commercial building and former hotel located at 72-72a Castlereagh Street , in the Sydney central business district , in the City of Sydney local government area of New South Wales , Australia. It was designed by firm Robertson & Marks and built from 1914 to 1916 by Stuart Brothers. It was added to the New South Wales State Heritage Register on 2 April 1999. The Trust Building

68-454: A church or a chapel) shall not be erected of, or be subsequently increased to, a greater height than 80 ft., exclusive of two stories in the roof, and of ornamental towers". This was to stop buildings blocking the light, and effectively mandated mansard roofs for tall buildings. The style was popularised in France by architect François Mansart (1598–1666). Although he was not the inventor of

102-576: A high degree of creative or technical achievement in New South Wales. The Trust Building is of State significance as a leading example of the first generation of Sydney skyscrapers. The place possesses uncommon, rare or endangered aspects of the cultural or natural history of New South Wales. The Trust Building is of State significance as a rare surviving commercial building of the Edwardian period. [REDACTED] This Misplaced Pages article

136-587: A lounge room added to each floor. The original corner entrance was removed and a side street entrance was constructed. The Hotel Savoy failed three years later at the height of the Great Depression . The Trust Building was then sold and became the insurance premises for the Southern British National Trust after it was refurbished by the architect Samuel Lipson. New entrances were added at both King and Castlereagh Streets and

170-605: A popular element incorporated into many designs, such as Main Building (Vassar College) , Poughkeepsie, New York, which shows a large mansard-roofed structure with two towers. The 1916 Zoning Resolution adopted by New York City promoted the use of mansard roofs; rules requiring the use of setbacks on tall buildings were conducive to the mansard design. In the 1960s and 1970s, a modernised form of mansard roof, sometimes with deep, narrow windows, became popular for both residential and commercial architecture in many areas of

204-424: A rectangular shaped crease, outlined by the curb beams, with a low-pitched roof inside this rectangle. French roof is often used as a synonym for a mansard but is also defined as an American variation of a mansard with the lower pitches nearly vertical and larger in proportion to the upper pitches. In France and Germany, no distinction is made between gambrels and mansards – they are both called "mansards". In

238-438: Is a curb hip roof , with slopes on all sides of the building, and the gambrel is a curb gable roof, with slopes on only two sides. (The curb is a horizontal, heavy timber directly under the intersection of the two roof surfaces.) A significant difference between the two, for snow loading and water drainage, is that, when seen from above, gambrel roofs culminate in a long crease at the main ridge beam, whereas mansard roofs form

272-452: Is improbable in many respects: Mansart was a profligate spender of his clients' money, and while a French window tax did exist, it was enacted in 1798, 132 years after Mansart's death, and did not exempt mansard windows. Later examples suggest that either French or American buildings were taxed by their height (or number of storeys) to the base of the roof, or that mansards were used to bypass zoning restrictions. This last explanation

306-613: Is of State significance as one of the major buildings erected in Sydney in the pre- World War I period. It is an unsurpassed example of architecture in the Interwar Commercial Palazzo style. The exterior of the building is the leading example of the first generation skyscrapers in Sydney. It is also a rare commercial purpose built building surviving in Sydney from the Edwardian Period . The Trust Building

340-437: Is of State significance as the former offices of The Daily Telegraph , Sydney's highest circulating daily newspaper at the time of its construction. It is one of four surviving former newspaper offices from the period 1900-1930. The Trust Building is of significance as the Sydney office of Sir Rupert Clarke, a leading Victorian pastoralist and entrepreneur. The place is important in demonstrating aesthetic characteristics and/or

374-437: Is the nearest to the truth: a Parisian law had been in place since 1783, restricting the heights of buildings to 20 metres (65 feet). The height was only measured up to the cornice line, making any living space contained in a mansard roof exempt. A 1902 revision of the law permitted building three or even four storeys within such a roof. In London in the 1930s, building regulations decreed that "a building (not being

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408-507: Is the site of the former Daily Telegraph offices, the highest circulating daily newspaper of the time. This building is one of four surviving newspaper offices built between 1900 and 1930. Trust Building was listed on the New South Wales State Heritage Register on 2 April 1999 having satisfied the following criteria. The place has a strong or special association with a person, or group of persons, of importance of cultural or natural history of New South Wales's history. The Trust Building

442-603: The Sydney central business district in New South Wales , Australia . The street runs north-to-south, in a one way direction only. Castlereagh Street's northern terminus is at the junction of Hunter Street , with its southern terminus at the junction with Hay Street , near Belmore Park . The street is one-way southbound to motorised traffic, with a bicycle path running in both directions from Liverpool Street to Hay Street. At its northern end near Martin Place ,

476-698: The 1850s, in an architectural movement known as Second Empire style . Second Empire influence spread throughout the world, frequently adopted for large civic structures such as government administration buildings and city halls , as well as hotels and railway stations . In the United States and Canada, and especially in New England , the Second Empire influence spread to family residences and mansions, often incorporated with Italianate and Gothic Revival elements. A mansard-topped tower became

510-736: The 1970s. The Circular Quay to Central station line was an important part of the Sydney tram network . It was an extremely busy service for passengers transferring from suburban trains, particularly prior to the opening of the City Circle underground railway line in 1926. Trams operated in a loop from Central station, running north along Pitt Street to Circular Quay returning south via Castlereagh Street. These tracks were also used by some eastern and south-western routes during busy periods. The line closed on 27 September 1957 with four tram services replaced with buses and three others diverted to operate via Elizabeth Street . The line made use of

544-632: The French Baroque period. It became especially fashionable during the Second French Empire (1852–1870) of Napoléon III . Mansard in Europe (France, Germany and elsewhere) also means the attic or garret space itself, not just the roof shape and is often used in Europe to mean a gambrel roof. Two distinct traits of the mansard roof – steep sides and a double pitch – sometimes lead to it being confused with other roof types. Since

578-461: The French language, mansarde can be a term for the style of roof, or for the garret living space, or attic , directly within it. The mansard style makes maximum use of the interior space of the attic and offers a simple way to add one or more storeys to an existing (or new) building without necessarily requiring any masonry . Often the decorative potential of the mansard is exploited through

612-682: The Secretary of State for the Colonies. At the time the street included what is now known as Loftus Street, named as Castlereagh Street North, until 1881, and what is now known as Chalmers Street , prior to the establishment of Belmore Park, until 1905. Castlereagh Street once contained the Australia Hotel , whose foundation stone was laid by Sir Henry Parkes , and the Theatre Royal . Both of these buildings were demolished during

646-470: The Trust Building until 1929, when the newspaper relocated following its sale to Associated Newspapers Limited . After the newspaper left the building, floors 5-8 were leased to various architects, dentists and financiers with the majority of the offices going to solicitors. Pastoralist and entrepreneur Sir Rupert Clarke leased out the 7th floor. Following the 1929 newspaper relocation, the building

680-589: The United States. In many cases, these are not true mansard roofs but flat on top, the sloped façade providing a way to conceal heating, ventilation and air-conditioning equipment from view. The style grew out of interest in postmodern stylistic elements and the "French eclectic" house style popular in the 1930s and 1940s, and in housing also offered a way to provide an upper storey despite height restrictions. Houses with mansard roofs were sometimes described as French Provincial; architect John Elgin Woolf popularised it in

714-446: The building in 1916 and the first tenant occupied the upper floors in 1917. The original designs of the building incorporated all the functions of a newspaper production office. The basement floors were occupied by giant printing machines that could be seen working from the street through small windows. The main entrance to the building was at the corner and it opened into a large advertising hall. The Daily Telegraph offices remained at

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748-539: The building was bought by the Bank of New South Wales , which later became Westpac as part of an amalgamation. Architects Robertson and Marks were reassigned to the building. They added lower ground floor shops including Cornelius Furs which was still present there in 1989 at the time of the last survey. Auxiliary columns and an electrical substation were added to the basement in 1938. In 1985 new classical lift interiors were installed. The lift lobbies have been altered by

782-533: The corner of Castlereagh Street, Sydney. The Building is a twelve-story concrete and steel framed building with three additional basement levels. The building has stone exterior walls and a steel mansard roof (originally slate). The base courses were originally rock faced trachyte and the upper floors were dressed Pyrmont sandstone . The interior was a combination finish of marble , tiles and plasterwork . The Art Deco banking chamber, two foyers, corridors and lift lobbies are substantially intact. The Trust Building

816-486: The dissolution of their partnership (which began around 1920 ) in 1940. Significant heritage buildings located on Castlreagh Street include, from north to south: Mansard roof The earliest known example of a mansard roof is credited to Pierre Lescot on part of the Louvre built around 1550. This roof design was popularised in the early 17th century by François Mansart (1598–1666), an accomplished architect of

850-439: The installation of new lift doors and surrounds. The clocks and bronze indication frieze have been partially reproduced to resemble the Trust Building's appearance in 1934. Minor repairs and alterations have continued to occur up until 1989 at the time of the last survey of the building. Tenants, primarily solicitors and jewellers, have remained on the top floors since c. 1936. The Trust Building located at 155 King Street , on

884-482: The lower floors were remodelled in polished trachyte. The new interior was in the " Art Deco " style. Other additions to the building included a new conference room, banking chamber and upper storey corridors. The remaining interior fabric of the building up until the last recorded survey in February to April 1989 is from this time. All this work was completed by 1934 and the building was named the Trust Building. In 1936

918-597: The sandstone viaduct onto the colonnade above Eddy Avenue at Central station, which since 1997 has formed part of the Inner West Light Rail . Having previously operated as a one-way street in a northerly direction, in February 1987 Castlereagh Street was changed to operate in a southerly direction. In 1997, a bus lane was introduced between Hunter and Bathurst Streets. Renowned theatre architects Lewis Kaberry and Clifford M. Chard practised from offices at no. 67, and both continued to do so after

952-402: The street is lined by many of Sydney's most expensive boutiques and jewellery stores, such as Chanel , Gucci , Cartier , Bvlgari , Dior , Dolce & Gabbana , Hermes , Prada , Van Cleef & Arpels , Ermenegildo Zegna , Omega and Mont Blanc . Previously Chapel Row and Camden Street, Castlereagh Street was named by Governor Macquarie in 1810 in honour of Viscount Castlereagh ,

986-502: The style, his extensive and prominent use of it in his designs gave rise to the term "mansard roof", an adulteration of his name. The design tradition was continued by numerous architects, including Jules Hardouin-Mansart (1646–1708), his great-nephew, who is responsible for Château de Dampierre in Dampierre-en-Yvelines . The mansard roof became popular once again during Haussmann's renovation of Paris beginning in

1020-504: The upper slope of a mansard roof is rarely visible from the ground, a conventional single-plane roof with steep sides may be misidentified as a mansard roof. The gambrel roof style, commonly seen in barns in North America , is a close cousin of the mansard. Both mansard and gambrel roofs fall under the general classification of "curb roofs" (a pitched roof that slopes away from the ridge in two successive planes). The mansard

1054-439: The use of convex or concave curvature and with elaborate dormer window surrounds. One frequently seen explanation for the popularity of the mansard style is that it served as a method of tax avoidance . One such example of this claim, from the 1914 book How to Make a Country Place , reads, "Monsieur Mansard is said to have circumvented that senseless window tax of France by adapting the windowed roof that bears his name." This

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1088-636: Was constructed between 1914 and 1916 to home the offices of The Daily Telegraph , the leading broadsheet newspaper of the day. The building was designed by the architectural firm Robertson and Marks in the Interwar Commercial Palazzo style. The building was erected by the Stuart Brothers. The foundation stone for the Trust Building was laid by the president of The Daily Telegraph newspaper company, J. Randall Carey, in February 1914. The Daily Telegraph began operations within

1122-495: Was originally based on Trust Building , entry number 676 in the New South Wales State Heritage Register published by the State of New South Wales (Department of Planning and Environment) 2018 under CC-BY 4.0 licence , accessed on 13 October 2018. [REDACTED] Media related to Trust Building at Wikimedia Commons Castlereagh Street Castlereagh Street is a 1.6-kilometre-long (1 mi) major street located in

1156-466: Was purchased by a Sydney consortium named King Street Freehold Ltd., which set up the Hotel Savoy there in 1929. The building was refurbished from designs by Ross and Rowe. The lower ground floor became a two level bar in the " Spanish architecture style" of the time. The ground floor became the main lounge and the upper floor was divided into smaller rooms where bathrooms were added. There was also

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