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65-692: Starting in July 1987, the TTC employed staff designated as provincial offences officers, responsible for the enforcement of TTC by-laws, responding to calls for service and protecting TTC employees, customers, and assets. Prior to the creation of the Transit Enforcement Unit, policing on the TTC was limited to patrols by these by-law officers and periodic patrols by the Metropolitan Toronto Police . The Transit Enforcement Unit

130-607: A "Fare Inspector" banner on the back. This unit was launched in August 2014, when the new Flexity low-floor streetcars entered service on streetcar lines. All streetcar lines use an honour system where passengers pay their fare using electronic fare machines or by using the Presto fare system. Transit fare inspectors will then inspect passengers' fare media while on a vehicle, exiting a vehicle, or at subway stations. Toronto Police Service The Toronto Police Service ( TPS )

195-399: A discretionary basis when a high volume of passengers is expected. For example, transit users leaving a stadium after a major concert or sporting event will likely have to buy a ticket from an attendant (or show proof of payment) to gain access to the station serving the stadium. Direct fare collection methods may also be used at major hubs in systems that otherwise use POP. An example of this

260-460: A fare inspector arrested a 34-year-old after he refused to provide proof-of-payment while riding a streetcar, provoking a brief fight that resulted in the transit user pleading guilty to two counts of assaulting a peace officer and the two special constables being fired for using "unnecessary" and "unauthorized" force. In the wake of the incident, the City of Toronto ombudsman called for the TTC to reform

325-419: A fixed number of nights per year on penalty of fine or imprisonment, in a system known as "watch and ward". In 1835, Toronto retained five full-time constables—a ratio of about one officer for every 1,850 citizens. Their daily pay was set at 5 shillings for day duty and 7 shillings, 6 pence, for night duty. In 1837, the constables’ annual pay was fixed at £75 per annum, a lucrative city position when compared to

390-416: A group of local activists, was formed. The group made headlines when they introduced the issue of race in the coroner's inquest into Donaldson's killing. In 1990, Toronto police officer David Deviney was charged with manslaughter in connection with the killing and was later acquitted. In 1992, tension between Toronto Police and the city's black community reached its peak. After the fourth police killing of

455-426: A more open feel for passengers. On buses, proof-of-payment saves drivers the time needed to collect fares, and makes it possible for all doors to be used for boarding. Validated tickets can double as transfers between lines. Collecting fares outside a bus "offers the greatest potential for reducing dwell time ." Disadvantages include higher rates of fare evasion, reduced security on station platforms when no barrier

520-664: A police officer to enforce the Criminal Code , the Controlled Drugs and Substances Act , the Liquor Licence Act , and the Trespass to Property Act . Specifically, TEOs: TEOs are also designated as agents/occupiers of the TTC. TFIs are designated as provincial offences officers for the purpose of enforcing TTC By-law No. 1 and the Trespass to Property Act . The Mobile Patrol Division members were

585-546: A young black man in as many years, a peaceful protest on Yonge Street later turned into a riot . Thirty people were arrested and 37 police officers were injured in the riot. A mandatory coroner's inquest took place into the police killing of 17-year-old Jeffrey Reodica. Although accounts differ, it is generally accepted that Reodica was part of a group of Filipino teenagers pursuing a group of white teenagers on May 21, 2004, in Scarborough , following altercations between

650-719: Is a municipal police force in Toronto , Ontario, Canada, and the primary agency responsible for providing law enforcement and policing services in Toronto. Established in 1834, it was the first local police service created in North America and is one of the oldest police services in the English-speaking world . It is the largest municipal police service in Canada, and the fourth largest police force in Canada after

715-432: Is common even on systems with very high passenger volume. Proof-of-payment is usually applied on one-person operated rail and road vehicles as well as on automatically operated rail lines. The honor system can be complemented with a more direct collection approach where this would be feasible—a transit authority using POP will usually post fare inspectors, sometimes armed as a police force, to man entrances to stations on

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780-465: Is dedicated to maintaining one law, ensuring equal justice before the law among both the police and the public. They assure that the criminal law is applied appropriately to police conduct, as determined through independent investigations, increasing public confidence in the police services. Complaints involving police conduct that do not result in a serious injury or death must be referred to the appropriate police service or another oversight agency, such as

845-642: Is directly related to the four-month Toronto streetcar strike of 1886, when authorities called on the Governor General's Horse Guard Regiment to assist in suppressing the strike. As for serious criminal investigations, the Toronto Police frequently (but not always) contracted with private investigators from the Pinkerton's Detective Agency until the 20th century, when it developed its own internal investigation and intelligence capacity. During

910-516: Is now undertaken by the emergency task force, public safety and emergency management, and the mounted unit. The Toronto Police Service is one of several police forces along Lake Ontario with a marine unit. Before the 1980s, the port area had its police force, Toronto Harbour Police/Port of Toronto Police which merged into the Metropolitan Police Force 's marine unit. The unit's has the largest jurisdictional area of any unit in

975-844: Is popular in Germany, where it was widely introduced during the labor shortages resulting from the Economic Miracle of the 1960s. It has also been adopted in Eastern Europe and Canada and has made some inroads in newer systems in the United States. The first use of the term "POP" or "Proof of Payment" on a rail line in North America is believed to have been in Edmonton in 1980. Since then, many new light rail , streetcar , and bus rapid transit systems have adopted

1040-498: Is the Tower City station on Cleveland 's RTA Rapid Transit Red Line , which uses faregates . Travel without a valid ticket is not usually a criminal offense, but a penalty fare or a fine can be charged. Advantages of proof-of-payment include lower labor costs for fare collection, simpler station design, easier access for mobility-impaired passengers, easier access for those carrying packages or in case of an emergency, and

1105-435: Is used, increased potential of racial profiling and other unequal enforcement as "likely fare evaders" are targeted, and regularly exposing passengers to unpleasant confrontational situations when a rider without the proper proof is detained and removed from the vehicle. Visitors unfamiliar with a system's validation requirements who innocently misunderstand the rules are especially likely to get into trouble. Proof-of-payment

1170-568: The Ontario Civilian Commission . Toronto Police Headquarters is located at 40 College Street , near Bay Street in downtown Toronto . The former headquarters at Jarvis Street was turned into a museum (which was subsequently relocated to the current headquarters). The present site was once home to the Toronto YMCA . The sign over the main entrance still reads "Metropolitan Toronto Police Headquarters" and displays

1235-777: The Royal Canadian Mounted Police (RCMP), Ontario Provincial Police (OPP), and the Sûreté du Québec (SQ). With a 2023 budget of $ 1.16 billion, the Toronto Police Service ranks as the second largest expense of the City of Toronto's annual operating budget, after the Toronto Transit Commission (TTC). The City of Glasgow Police (c.1800, merged to form Strathclyde Police in 1975) and London Metropolitan Police (1829) were

1300-676: The Scarborough Bluffs , and the Toronto Islands . Proof-of-payment Proof-of-payment (POP) or proof-of-fare (POF) is an honor -based fare collection system used on many public transportation systems. Instead of checking each passenger as they enter a fare control zone, passengers are required to carry a paper ticket , transit pass, transit smartcard — or open payment methods such as contactless credit or debit cards (if applicable) — after swiping or tapping on smart card readers, to prove that they have paid

1365-856: The Union Army in the Civil War . The Toronto Police operatives later turned to spy on the activities of the Fenians and filed reports to the Chief Constable from as far as Buffalo , Detroit , Chicago and New York City . When in December 1864, the Canada West secret frontier police was established under Stipendiary Magistrate Gilbert McMicken, some of the Toronto Police agents were reassigned to this new agency. In 1863, Toronto police officers were also used as "Indian fighters" during

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1430-528: The police union and the Toronto Police Services Board (the civilian governing body) were involved in lengthy contract negotiations. The rank and file had been without a contract since the end of 2004 and conducted a work-to-rule campaign in the fall of 2005. The police force is an essential public service and is legally prohibited from striking . The Toronto Police Service launched its social media strategy on July 27, 2011, and "has

1495-525: The 1859 reforms. In the 19th century, the Toronto Police mostly focused on the suppression of rebellion in the city—particularly during the Fenian threats of 1860 to 1870. The Toronto Police were probably Canada's first security intelligence agency when they established a network of spies and informants throughout Canada West in 1864 to combat US Army recruiting agents attempting to induce British Army soldiers stationed in Canada for deserting to serve in

1560-476: The 1930s and 1940s, the Toronto Police under Chief Constable Dennis "Deny" Draper , a retired brigadier general and former Conservative candidate, returned to its function as an agency to suppress political dissent. Its notorious " Red Squad " brutally dispersed demonstrations by labor unions and by unemployed and homeless people during the Great Depression of the 1930s. Suspicious of "foreigners",

1625-541: The 1990s, become the force historian at the Toronto Police Museum, would later write, "Suicide is a constant partner in every police car." In 1960, Lawrence "Larry" McLarty became the force's first black officer and paved the way for the hiring of minorities into policing. In 1990, the Board of Police Commissioners was renamed as the "Municipality of Metropolitan Toronto Police Services Board", and, upon

1690-576: The Chief's office, especially in facing off with Fred "Big Daddy" Gardiner , who engineered almost single-handedly the formation of Metropolitan Toronto in the 1950s. On January 1, 1957, the Toronto Police merged with the other municipal forces in the metropolitan area to form the Metropolitan Toronto Police Force: With amalgamation, the force grew in size and complexity, and Chisholm found himself unable to manage

1755-560: The Chilean team when they "displayed aggressive behavior" by vandalizing a bus and arguing with fans. The actions of the police were criticized by the TV and print media in Chile, and initially also in Canada. FIFA president Sepp Blatter later apologized to the Toronto mayor for the incident, and instigated disciplinary action against the officials and players of the Chilean team. In response to

1820-611: The City of Toronto, the annual funding level is established by a vote of the Toronto City Council in favor of the year's proposed budget. In 2023, TPS requested a budget of $ 1.16 billion. The actions of the Toronto Police are examined by the Special Investigations Unit , a civilian agency responsible for investigating circumstances involving police and civilians that have resulted in a death, serious injury, or allegations of sexual assault. The SIU

1885-639: The Manitoulin Island Incident, when some fifty natives armed with knives forced the fishery inspector William Gibbard and a fishery operation to withdraw from unceded tribal lands on Lake Huron. Thirteen armed Toronto police officers, along with constables from Barrie, were dispatched to Manitoulin Island to assist the government in retaking the fishery operation but were forced back when the natives advanced now armed with rifles. The police withdrew but were later reinforced and eventually arrested

1950-634: The SIU, Reodica brandished a knife at officers. The knife was reportedly recovered at the scene. In 2004, eight people were shot by Toronto Police, six of them fatally. SIU investigations deemed all case actions justified. In 2005, the police service was faced with a spike in shootings across Toronto and increased concern among residents. Police Chief William Blair and Mayor David Miller asked for additional resources and asked for diligence from residents to contend with this issue. Ontario Premier Dalton McGuinty promised to work with Toronto to fight crime. In 2007,

2015-423: The Toronto Police Service include: The emergency task force is the tactical unit of the Toronto Police Service. It is mandated to deal with high-risk situations like gun calls, hostage takings, barricaded persons, emotionally disturbed persons, high-risk arrests and warrant services, and protection details. The unit was created in 1965. An earlier non-SWAT riot and emergency squad emerged in 1961. Part of its role

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2080-705: The Toronto Police Service, policing over 1,200 square kilometres (460 sq mi) of open water, from the Etobicoke Creek to the Rouge River in the west and east respectively, and south to the water boundaries of Niagara Region and the United States . The Toronto Police Service has a fleet of 24 boats based either at the main station of the unit, at 259 Queens Quay West in Harbourfront ; or at one of its three substations, at Humber Bay ,

2145-406: The Toronto Police were involved in an international incident in which their members pepper-sprayed , tasered , and handcuffed members of the Chilean national soccer team in an attempt to keep control of crowds after their semi-final match in the 2007 FIFA U-20 World Cup . A police spokesman explained on CBC Radio on the program Here and Now that police took action against individual members of

2210-621: The board ultimately terminated the TTC's special constabulary. In 2013, the Police Services Board approved then-CEO Andy Byford 's plan to restore the agency's special constabulary with slightly fewer powers and an independent complaints process. In 2014, a former Phoenix Police Department commander, Mark Cousins, was appointed chief special constable of the Transit Enforcement Unit. In 2015, fare enforcement officers were equipped with stab vests and updated uniforms but gave up their batons and handcuffs as part of an effort to make

2275-529: The circus had pitched their tents (now, south-east corner of Front & Berkeley), threw stones and insults, and demanded that a clown named Meyers be handed over. Circus wagons were burned, the fire bell was rung, yet when Hook and Ladder Firefighting Company arrived, they joined the riot. The militia later arrived, called in by the mayor, and defused the riot. After public outrage at the police's failure to prosecute, an inquiry and an election led to mass firings and selective rehirings in 1859. The new force

2340-469: The city. On the night of Thursday, 12 July 1855, S. B. Howes' Star Troupe Menagerie & Circus clowns, and Hook and Ladder Firefighting Company volunteers patronized the bordello of Mary Ann Armstrong on King Street near Jarvis Street, a fight got started, with the firefighters retreating. The next day, Friday, 13 July 1855, a crowd gathered at the Fair Green, a grassy space on the waterfront where

2405-587: The creation of the amalgamated City of Toronto in 1998, it became the Toronto Police Services Board, administering the Toronto Police Service. Today, the Toronto Police Service is responsible for overall local police service in Toronto and works with the other emergency services ( Toronto Paramedic Services and Toronto Fire Services ) and other police forces in the Greater Toronto Area (GTA) including: For most of 2005,

2470-555: The days before public social services, the force functioned as a social services mega-agency. Before the creation of the Toronto Humane Society in 1887 and the Children's Aid Society in 1891, the police oversaw animal and child welfare, including the enforcement of child support payments. They operated the city's ambulance service and acted as the board of health. Police stations at the time were designed with space for

2535-452: The emblem of Metropolitan Toronto (which was dissolved in 1998). Since 2007, the sign also displays the current emblem of the Toronto Police Service. The Toronto Police Service has approximately 5,400 uniformed officers/undercover officers and 2,500 civilian employees. Its officers are among the best paid in Canada. In October 2008, the Toronto Police Service was named one of Greater Toronto's Top Employers by Mediacorp Canada Inc., which

2600-616: The entire band, but not before William Gibbard was killed by unknown parties. In the 1870s, as the Fenian threat began to gradually wane and the Victorian moral reform movement gained momentum, Toronto police primarily functioned in the role of "urban missionaries" whose function it was to regulate unruly and immoral behavior among the "lower classes". They were almost entirely focused on arresting drunks, prostitutes, disorderlies, and violators of Toronto's ultra-strict Sunday " blue law " In

2665-550: The first modern municipal police departments, but the Toronto Police is older than the New York City Police Department (1845), and Boston Police Department (1839). The Toronto Police Service was founded in 1834 as Toronto Police Force or sometimes as Toronto Police Department , when the city of Toronto was first created from the town of York. Before that, local able-bodied male citizens were required to report for night duty as special constables for

Transit Enforcement Unit - Misplaced Pages Continue

2730-484: The first time in the department's history: John Chisholm , a very able senior police inspector. In 1955, the Metropolitan Toronto Board of Police Commissioners was formed in preparation for the amalgamation of the 13 police forces in the municipality, Metropolitan Toronto , into a unified police force with Chisholm as chief of the unified force. Unfortunately, Chisholm was not up to the politics of

2795-521: The full powers of a police officer while on TTC property. In the late 2000s, Toronto City Council , which governs but is separate from the Police Services Board, approved a plan to dramatically expand the unit by several hundred special constables with expanded police authority. During subsequent implementation discussions with the Police Services Board, several incidents came to light where individual TTC special constables had overstepped their authority and exercised police powers outside of TTC property, and

2860-414: The housing of homeless , as no other public agency in Toronto dealt with this problem. Shortly before the Great Depression, in 1925, the Toronto Police housed 16,500 homeless people. The Toronto Police regulated street-level businesses: cab drivers, street vendors, corner grocers, tradesmen, rag men, junk dealers, and laundry operators. Under public order provisions, the Toronto Police was responsible for

2925-449: The huge agency and its Byzantine politics. In 1958, after several conflicts with Gardiner and members of the newly expanded Metropolitan Toronto Board of Police Commissioners , Chief Chisholm drove to High Park on the city's west end, parked his car, and committed suicide with his service revolver. Former staff superintendent Jack Webster , one of the officers who arrived at the scene of the chief's death and who would, upon his retirement in

2990-439: The inspectors more customer friendly. The next year, the TTC board approved a unit proposal for plainclothes fare enforcement officers in addition to uniformed officers and special constables. TTC special constables were among the first responders to the 2018 Toronto van attack , working alongside police and members of the public to secure the scene and provide first aid to victims. On February 7, 2020, two special constables and

3055-415: The licensing and regulation of dance halls, pool halls, theaters, and later movie houses. It was responsible for censoring the content of not only theatrical performances and movies but of all literature in the city ranging from books and magazines to posters and advertising. The Toronto Police also suppressed labor movements which were perceived as anarchist threats. The establishment of the mounted unit

3120-646: The mayor's annual pay of £250 at the time. Although constables were issued uniforms in 1837, one contemporary recalled that the Toronto Police was "without uniformity, except in one respect—they were uniformly slovenly." A provincial government report in 1841 described the Toronto Police as "formidable engines of oppression". By 1848, the Catholic population in Toronto rose to 25 percent. Toronto constables on numerous occasions suppressed opposition candidate meetings and took sides during bitter sectarian violence between Orange Order and Irish Catholic radical factions in

3185-518: The most active Twitter accounts listed under a single police force in Canada" In 1988, Toronto Police were under scrutiny for the fatal shooting of schizophrenic Lester Donaldson. The shooting was the first of eight over the next four years, and the latest in a series of shootings since the late 1970s, in which mostly unarmed black Canadians were victims. Three days after his death, the Black Action Defence Committee ,

3250-403: The police lobbied the city of Toronto to pass legislation banning public speeches in languages other than English, curtailing union organizations among Toronto's vast immigrant populations working in sweatshops. After several scandals, including a call by Chief Draper to have reporters "shot" and his being arrested for driving drunk, the city appointed in 1948 a new police chief from its ranks for

3315-479: The procedure, mainly to speed up boarding by avoiding the hassles of crowding at doors to pay fares at a farebox beside the driver as is common practice on traditional buses . TriMet in Portland, Oregon was the first large transit agency to adopt proof of payment on its bus system, from September 1982 to April 1984. It was discontinued after finding that fare evasion and vandalism increased and little productivity

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3380-569: The ranks of the Toronto force and promoted or appointed from the ranks of deputy chiefs; Fantino was hired from the York Regional Police , but he had been a career officer with Toronto Police prior, leaving as acting staff superintendent. Toronto Police Department (1834–1956) : High constables Chief constables Metropolitan Toronto Police (1957–1995), Metropolitan Toronto Police Service (1995–1998), Toronto Police Service (1998–present) Chiefs of police : As an agency of

3445-637: The recommendations of the coroner's inquest jury, former chief Bill Blair recommended that all plainclothes police officers be issued arm bands and raid jackets bearing the word police in an effort to increase their visibility in critical situations. Unmarked cars, which were already equipped with a plug-in police light, were to be supplied with additional emergency equipment, including a siren package. The proposals were phased within three years. In 2008, undercover officers also must wear, carry or have access to standard police use-of-force options such as pepper spray and batons. In 2013, 18-year-old Sammy Yatim

3510-425: The subway system on foot, while others drove in marked or unmarked vehicles, responding to calls on surface routes and in the subway. The Transit Enforcement Unit employs approximately 63 transit fare inspectors, who conduct fare inspections and enforce fares on designated proof-of-payment routes (either on board the vehicles, or at terminal or interchange stations). The inspectors are dressed in white uniforms, with

3575-479: The suspended officers, who alleged that they were targeted regarding personal disagreements with TTC CEO Rick Leary, who had wanted to disband the unit. The Transit Enforcement Unit has four sections: Transit enforcement officers (TEOs) are sworn as special constables by the Toronto Police Services Board under the Police Services Act , granting them limited police powers. They have the same powers as

3640-491: The ticket. The ticket is then valid for some period of time after the stamped time. This method is implemented when the transit authority believes it will lose less money to the resultant fare evasion than it would cost to install and maintain a more direct collection method. It may be used in systems whose passenger volume and density are not very high most of the time—as passenger volumes increase, more-direct collection methods become more profitable. However, in some countries it

3705-441: The two groups. Plainclothes Toronto police officer Det .-Const. Dan Belanger and his partner Det. Allen Love was in the process of arresting Reodica when Reodica was shot three times by the officers. The teen died in hospital three days later. Belanger and Love were eventually cleared by the Special Investigations Unit (SIU) after investigating the matter and found that there were no reasonable grounds to lay any charges. According to

3770-400: The unit's "paramilitary" culture. In 2021, three members of the unit were placed on administrative leave after the TTC ordered an external investigation into allegations of favouritism, harassment, and improper use of the overtime system based on complaints made to the TTC's whistleblower hotline. The investigation turned up no evidence of wrongdoing, and the commission was subsequently sued by

3835-458: The valid fare. Fares are enforced via random spot-checks by inspectors such as conductors or enforcement officers, to ensure that passengers have paid their fares and are not committing fare evasion . On many systems, a passenger can purchase a single-use ticket or multi-use pass at any time in advance, but must insert the ticket or pass into a validation machine immediately before use. Validation machines in stations or on board vehicles time stamp

3900-604: The visible presence on TTC surface vehicles while the Subway Patrol Division members were the visible presence in the subway system. They wore uniforms distinct from the standard TTC or Toronto Police uniforms, consisting of a black jacket and powder blue shirt with a special constables crest on both shoulders and black cargo pants. They were armed with batons and OC foam ( pepper spray in a less aerosolized form to avoid contamination in confined places), body armour and carried portable radios. Some officers patrolled

3965-447: Was shot and killed by Constable James Forcillo on the 505 Dundas streetcar after threatening other passengers and the police with a knife. On August 19, 2013, Forcillo was charged with second-degree murder. In January 2016, Forcillo was convicted of attempted murder. In January 2016, four Toronto Police officers were arrested and charged with nine counts of obstructing justice and eight counts of perjury. In 2020, Constable Peter Roberts

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4030-473: Was announced by the Toronto Star newspaper. The Toronto Police Service is divided into two field areas and 17 divisions ( police stations or precincts ): Encompasses the original city of Toronto, the former cities of York and East York, and some southern portions of the former City of North York. Encompasses the former cities of North York, Scarborough, and Etobicoke. Operational services of

4095-619: Was arrested and charged with obtaining sexual services for consideration from persons under 18 years of age. The chief of police is the highest-ranking officer of the Toronto Police Service. The position was known as " high constable " until 1859 and then as " chief constable " until 1957, when the Toronto Police Department was amalgamated with 12 other Toronto-area forces to form the Metropolitan Toronto Police. Most chiefs have been chosen amongst

4160-615: Was created in June 1997, after the Toronto Police Services Board, with the approval of the Solicitor General, designated the employees responsible for safety and security as special constables under Section 53 of the Police Services Act . The designation was governed by a contractual relationship between the TTC and the Toronto Police Services Board, and empowered the previous by-law officers to make arrests and enjoy

4225-595: Was removed from Toronto City Council jurisdiction (except for the setting of the annual budget and manpower levels) and placed under the control of a provincially mandated board of police commissioners. Under its new chief, former infantry captain William Stratton Prince, standardized training, hiring practices, and new strict rules of discipline and professional conduct were introduced. Today's Toronto Police Service directly traces its ethos, constitutional lineage, and Police Commission regulatory structure to

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