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55-773: Tri-Fest is an annual charitable festival held every April in Henderson, Kentucky . Established in 1988, it's one of the largest annual festivals held in Kentucky and generates over $ 100,000 in annual direct and indirect support to charities in western Kentucky and southern Indiana . The Henderson Breakfast Lions Club originated and continues to organize the festival as a means to raise funds for local charities . Tri-Fest raises funds for local charities in two ways: Tri-Fest primarily takes place over one weekend in downtown Henderson with much of Main Street and Central Park converted into

110-401: A constitutional convention . Henderson's plan involved the various settlements scattered across Transylvania sending delegates to Boonesborough, acting in the name of the people they represented and whose consent would justify the convention. Representatives from Harrod's Town, Boiling Spring (adjacent to Harrod's Town), Logan's Fort and Boone's Station attended. In May 1775, under the shade of

165-570: A boundary agreement with the colonies since 1758 at the Treaty of Easton , giving them a claim to everything west of the Alleghenies. Consequently, they began to attack frontier settlers moving into the region. This led to Lord Dunmore's War, fought in 1774, primarily between the Shawnee and Virginia Colony. The Shawnee lost this brief war and their chief Cornstalk ceded all their claims south of

220-643: A council at Sycamore Shoals (present-day Elizabethton, Tennessee ) to purchase over 17,000,000 acres (69,000 km ) of land between the Ohio , Cumberland , and Kentucky rivers in present-day Kentucky and Tennessee to resell it to white settlers. Known as the Transylvania Purchase , the sale was voided by the Virginia General Assembly , since the territory (and the sole right to purchase land from Indians within its bounds)

275-446: A female householder with no husband present, and 36.8% were non-families. 32.1% of all households were made up of individuals, and 12.9% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.27 and the average family size was 2.86. The age distribution was 23.5% under the age of 18, 9.2% from 18 to 24, 29.5% from 25 to 44, 22.5% from 45 to 64, and 15.3% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age

330-471: A huge elm tree, a three-day convention met. In addition to passing nine bills dealing with immediate matters of governance, delegates drafted a compact that organized a frame of government, known as the Transylvania Compact. This plan included executive, legislative, and judicial branches. After concluding the compact, Henderson returned to North Carolina. On behalf of his fellow investors in

385-406: A hundred people resided there. This population and a few other settlements in the area constituted the sparse concentration of white settlers in the isolated western wilderness. The settlers recognized their precarious situation. They not only faced significant Indian hostilities, but lacked adequate supplies and shelter. Notwithstanding these circumstances, Henderson urged settlers in the area to hold

440-602: A judge from North Carolina, organized a land speculation company with a number of other prominent North Carolinians. Originally called Richard Henderson and Company, the company name was first changed to the Louisa Company, and finally to the Transylvania Company on January 6, 1775. The Transylvania Company investors hoped to establish a British proprietary colony by purchasing the Kentucky lands from

495-627: A pedestrian festival site. A range of live entertainment usually centers on the Central Park stage. Through the years, however, the event has expanded to events throughout the preceding weeks and now include sports tournaments, a 12K/36K bike ride, a beauty pageant , and an art contest. The event culminates with fireworks over downtown Henderson on the Ohio River . Tri-Fest took a hiatus in 2020 and 2021, making its usual annual return April 22–24, 2022. Henderson, Kentucky Henderson

550-606: A recent British legal opinion, the Pratt–Yorke opinion , had made such purchases legal. In fact, the Transylvania Company's purchase was in violation of both Virginia and North Carolina law, as well as the Royal Proclamation of 1763 , which prohibited private purchase of American Indian land and the establishment of any non- Crown sanctioned colony. The Treaty was disavowed by some of the chiefs. A dissident Cherokee chief, Dragging Canoe , refused to sign, endorse, or obey

605-719: A satellite campus of Murray State University . In addition, students are served by Oakland City University Evansville Center, the University of Evansville , and the University of Southern Indiana in Evansville . Henderson has a lending library , the Henderson County Public Library . Henderson is served by one local daily newspaper, The Gleaner , as well as the metro edition of the Evansville Courier & Press . Henderson

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660-498: A sixth person before taking his own life. The shooting is the worst in the history of Henderson County in terms of casualties, surpassing triple homicides occurring in 1799 and 1955. Henderson is located in north-central Henderson County, 10 miles (16 km) south of Evansville, Indiana , and 30 miles (48 km) west of Owensboro, Kentucky . According to the United States Census Bureau , Henderson has

715-601: A total area of 17.6 square miles (45.6 km ), of which 15.3 square miles (39.6 km ) are land and 2.3 square miles (5.9 km ), or 13.01%, are water. As the state line tends to follow the Indiana side of the river, most of the Ohio River going past Henderson is within the city limits. Because the Indiana - Kentucky border is defined as the low-water mark on the north bank of the Ohio River as of 1792, and because

770-602: Is Henderson's oldest on-going music festival and marked its 25th continuous year in 2010. Past performers have included Bill Monroe , Emmylou Harris , Alison Krauss and Union Station , Ricky Skaggs , John Hartford , Glen Campbell , and other notable Bluegrass artists. The Folklife aspect of the festival is a celebration of local lifestyles and culture with displays on recreational folklife (traditional games), functional folklife (quilting, tatting, chair-caning, basket-making, fly-tying), oral traditions (storytelling), folk music, food traditions (curing country hams, making burgoo ,

825-482: Is a home rule-class city along the Ohio River and the county seat of Henderson County, Kentucky , United States. The population was 29,781 at the 2020 U.S. census . It is part of the Evansville–Henderson, IN–KY Combined Statistical Area , locally known as the " Tri-State Area ," and is considered the southernmost suburb of Evansville, Indiana . Archaeological research shows that people were living in what

880-498: Is almost hazardous for even small gasoline boats to run". On June 20, 1914, Henderson was hit by a "baby cyclone". Jack Hudgions, local historian and newsman, wrote that " hail as large as partridge eggs" fell for ten minutes and that powerful winds uprooted giant trees "and twisted limbs from shade trees in the city." In the northern part of Henderson, several buildings were blown down and wheat stocks were scattered. The storm lasted for more than 30 minutes, laying crops low throughout

935-464: Is also one of the state's leading coal producers, with over 2.8 million tons produced in 2004. Each year Henderson hosts a variety of events and festivals. The Henderson Breakfast Lions Club holds the Tri-Fest , a street festival that raises funds for non-profit organizations, in mid-April each year. There is also the free Handy Blues and Barbecue Festival in mid-June, honoring the legacy of Father of

990-399: Is an alternative school for those suspended from the other schools in the district, Central Academy. There is one parochial school , Holy Name of Jesus Catholic School which has both elementary and middle school. and also a school for students with mental or physical deficiencies, Riverview School. Henderson is home to one postsecondary institution, Henderson Community College , as well as

1045-545: Is now Henderson County was later inhabited by the Yuchi , Shawnee and the Eastern Band of Cherokee Indians . Significant artifacts from these tribes and earlier peoples, including from mounds , have been found by white settlers and their descendants since the 1700s. Henderson has its roots in a small, block-wide strip of land high above the Ohio River , the site of the present-day Audubon Mill Park directly south of

1100-635: Is now Kentucky by at least 9,500 BCE, although they may have arrived much earlier. The settlers of the area after the start of the 1st millennium CE were of the Mississippian culture , a Native American civilization that flourished throughout what is now the Midwestern , Eastern , and Southeastern United States , from approximately 800 CE to 1600 CE. The population of most settlements of this culture had dispersed or were experiencing severe social and environmental stress by 1500. The area that

1155-697: Is part of the Evansville media market, the 101st-largest television market and 161st-largest radio market in the United States. WSON (860-AM) is the only locally owned radio station broadcasting from the city. The Henderson Area Rapid Transit (HART) was created in 1957 as a publicly owned mass transit system, of which all citizens who live in the city of Henderson are part owners. Some scenes from A League of Their Own , directed by Penny Marshall , were filmed in Henderson in 1991, including all of

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1210-783: The Kentucky River , where he established Boone's Station (today Boonesborough ) which was intended to be the capital of Transylvania. Unknown to Boone, Henderson led another expedition following in Boone's tracks, widening the path so travellers could bring through wagons. In addition to Boone's Station, other settlements, including Harrod's Town , Logan's Fort (formerly St. Asaph), Lexington and Kenton's Station (also called Limestone) were established at this time. Many of these settlers had come to Kentucky on their own initiative, and some of them refused to recognize Transylvania's authority. When Henderson arrived at Boonesborough fewer than

1265-513: The Köppen Climate Classification system, Henderson has a humid subtropical climate , abbreviated "Cfa" on climate maps. As of the census of 2000, there were 27,373 people, 11,693 households, and 7,389 families residing in the city. The population density was 1,829.0 inhabitants per square mile (706.2/km ). There were 12,652 housing units at an average density of 845.4 per square mile (326.4/km ). The racial makeup of

1320-469: The poverty line , including 24.6% of those under age 18 and 11.3% of those age 65 or over. The county has numerous industries, including aluminum production, automotive and appliance parts, plastic injection molding , tool and die making, food processing and processing of recycled materials. In June 2008, of the 20,205 jobs in Henderson, almost 12% were government jobs. It also ranks as one of Kentucky's top three corn and soybean producers. Henderson County

1375-606: The " Chickamauga " after the nearby creek of the same name. Dragging Canoe and this group went on to become the chief protagonists of the Cherokee-American wars . Prior to the signing of the Sycamore Shoals Treaty, Henderson had hired Daniel Boone , an experienced hunter, to travel to the Cherokee towns and to inform them of the upcoming negotiations. Boone had been in southeast Kentucky long before

1430-634: The 1970s and is on the first weekend in October at John James Audubon State Park and has been organized by the Henderson City Lions Club since 2018. The Henderson County school system includes eight elementary schools: A.B. Chandler, Spottsville, East Heights, Bend Gate, South Heights, Jefferson, Cairo, and Niagara; two middle schools, North Middle and South Middle; and one high school, Henderson County High School . The Thelma B. Johnson Early Learning Center serves pre-schoolers. There

1485-786: The Blues W. C. Handy , and the Bluegrass in the Park Folklife Festival in August. Annual barbecues have been a Henderson tradition dating as far back as the one started on Sunday, July 18, 1926, in Atkinson Park by the Henderson Freight Station employees. Notable foods were lamb, burgoo , etc. Bluegrass in the Park Folklife Festival is one of the largest free Bluegrass festivals in the country. It

1540-426: The Cherokee who had earlier settled much of the south and southeastern Kentucky areas and still claimed hunting rights in the abandoned Shawnee lands. In March 1775, Richard Henderson and Daniel Boone met with more than 1,200 Cherokee at Sycamore Shoals (present day Elizabethton in northeastern Tennessee). Present were Cherokee leaders such as Attakullakulla and Oconostota . With five grant deeds that constituted

1595-511: The Cherokee, the free male inhabitants of Red Bank totaled 62. Later, in 1797, Captain Young of Mercer County, Kentucky and the "Exterminators", a group of regulators under his leadership swiftly and violently drove out the remaining outlaw element in Red Banks. Samuel Hopkins and the surveyor Thomas Allin visited Red Banks in 1797 and laid out plans for the future town of Henderson. It

1650-704: The Indians to concede lands for settlement in exchange for peace. In the 1768 Treaty of Fort Stanwix , the Iroquois ceded their claims on lands south of the Ohio River to the British Empire . Although they claimed sovereignty over much of what is now Kentucky, the Iroquois did not actually reside there, as did their nominal vassal, the Shawnee . In addition, the Cherokee to the south and southeast used much of

1705-465: The Ohio River, including Kentucky. Also, through much of the second half of the 17th century, a state of war had existed between the "northern tribes" (particularly the Iroquois, and the Lenape and Shawnee who were then tributary to them) and the "southern tribes" of the Cherokee and Catawba, the shared hunting grounds of Kentucky remained a contentious neutral zone. On 27 August 1774, Richard Henderson,

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1760-722: The Treaty of Sycamore Shoals, Henderson purchased all the land lying between the Cumberland River , the Cumberland Mountains , and the Kentucky River , and situated south of the Ohio River on March 14, 1775. Some adjacent land to the southeast, in Virginia and North Carolina, was also purchased. The land thus delineated, 20 million acres (81,000 km ), encompassed an area half the size of present-day Kentucky. Henderson and his partners probably believed that

1815-510: The Treaty of Sycamore Shoals, declaring that "it is bloody ground, and will be dark and difficult to settle". It would prove to be prophetic, and subsequently Kentucky came to be referred to by the sardonic phrase, dark and bloody ground . Dragging Canoe left the Sycamore Shoals treaty grounds and took those who were loyal to him and his way of thinking into southeastern Tennessee, near present-day Chattanooga. This group came to be called

1870-513: The area as their historical hunting grounds. Neither of these peoples had been consulted regarding the Stanwix treaty, although a series of borders was worked out with the Cherokee at the Treaty of Hard Labour (1768), the Treaty of Lochaber (1770), and once more in 1771 when they agreed to extend the Lochaber cession into present-day northeast Kentucky. The Shawnee, however, had not conducted

1925-432: The center of the streets without interfering. By October 29, 1799, a census for the city of Henderson showed a population of 183. The county had 423 residents, 207 slaves, and 412 horses. A post office was established in the town in 1801; the city was formally incorporated on January 21, 1840. By mid-century, Henderson County had become a major producer of tobacco , much of which was exported to Great Britain . The area

1980-412: The city was 84.1% White , 11.8% Black or African American , 0.18% Native American , 0.7% Asian , 0.01% Pacific Islander , 0.58% from other races , and 1.04% from two or more races . Hispanics or Latinos of any race were 1.27% of the population. There were 11,693 households, out of which 29.8% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 45.5% were married couples living together, 14.1% had

2035-483: The city's riverfront boat dock. A village on this site was called "Red Banks" because of the reddish clay soil of the bluffs overlooking the Ohio River. The future city was named after Richard Henderson , an eighteenth-century pioneer and land speculator, by his associates Samuel Hopkins and Thomas Allin . Henderson County also shares this namesake. On March 17, 1775, North Carolina judge Richard Henderson and his Transylvania Company had met with 1,200 Cherokee in

2090-408: The county. Telephone lines were damaged and windows broken in the city and county by the hailstones. 26 days later, the city was hit by a tornado that left two dead and much of the city in ruins. In 1937, 21 inches (530 mm) of precipitation fell in 18 days over the Ohio River watershed, resulting in the Ohio River flood of 1937 and extensive damage. Henderson, on its bluff, was spared much of

2145-599: The craft of barbecue), and foreign cultures that have integrated with local traditions, among other things. The Henderson Lions Club Arts and Crafts Festival is a large event that sees as many as 10,000 visitors each year. The Festival, originally known as the Big Rivers Arts Festival and then later taken over and known as the Green River Areas Development District Arts Festival, has been held since

2200-503: The damage that Pittsburgh , Cincinnati , Louisville , Evansville , Paducah and other river cities suffered. Leigh Harris, the publisher of the Henderson Gleaner and Evening Journal newspapers, wrote, "Henderson is on the river but never in it!" Its favorable location helped the city attract new industries. The climate in this area is characterized by hot, humid summers and generally mild to cool winters. According to

2255-544: The downtown area. In the early 20th century, recognizable neighborhoods (unincorporated places) within the city and the outlying edges of town included Audubon , Weaverton , and Audubon Heights . Segments of Audubon and Weaverton were sometimes referred to as the "East End", which held the second-largest business area after downtown Henderson. A workplace shooting occurred at an Atlantis Plastics factory in Henderson on June 25, 2008. The gunman, 25-year-old Wesley Neal Higdon, shot and killed five people and critically injured

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2310-531: The founding of any Kentucky settlements. Afterward, Boone was hired to blaze what became known as the Wilderness Road , which went from southwestern Virginia north through the Cumberland Gap and into central Kentucky. During this trail-blazing expedition, Boone and his party suffered several Indian attacks. Along with a party of about thirty workers, Boone cleared a path from the Cumberland Gap to

2365-690: The land scheme he petitioned the Continental Congress , seeking to make Transylvania a legally recognized colony. Despite those efforts, the Congress declined to act without the consent of Virginia and North Carolina, both of whom claimed jurisdiction over the region in question. In June 1776 the Virginia General Assembly prohibited the Transylvania Land Company from making any demands on settlers in

2420-546: The late 1800s and early 1900s. The "great sleet " of 1901 fell for three weeks in February. "Horses had to have special shoes to keep their footing on local roads." In 1908 the Henderson area had high temperatures and a drought , which markedly reduced the flow of the Ohio River. The Henderson Daily Gleaner reported that "boys were playing baseball every day in the middle of the old riverbed." All businesses were challenged and forced to close. A Henderson reporter wrote, "[I]t

2475-513: The local Cherokee. On November 16, 1792, resident Robert Simpson wrote to Alexander D. Orr in Lexington , requesting help to appoint a magistrate for Red Banks to deal with some of its 30 families he felt were of dubious (criminal) character. During this period, the Red Banks settlement had gained notoriety as a frontier haven for westward-moving outlaws and their families. One such family was that of Squire Samuel Mason . By that time, excluding

2530-531: The region. In December 1778, Virginia's Assembly finally declared the Transylvania claim void. In compensation, Henderson and his partners received a grant of 200,000 acres (312 square miles) on the Ohio River below the mouth of Green River . An early settlement there was named Red Banks, and became the city of Henderson in 1797. Henderson pressed on with his remaining modest claim in Tennessee, and it

2585-600: The remaining Tennessee portion was invalidated by North Carolina in 1783. Henderson was compensated with a land grant along the Ohio River in western Kentucky and the current town of Henderson was founded there. The Royal Proclamation of 1763 that ended the French and Indian War declared lands west of the Appalachians as " Indian Territory " forbidden to colonial settlement. Continued provocations by colonial explorers, traders and trappers necessitated some concessions by

2640-767: The river changed course as a result of the New Madrid earthquake of 1812, a small portion of Henderson County (approximately 4 miles (6 km) long and 1 mile (1.6 km) wide), lies north of the current course of the river in what would appear to be part of Indiana. Both the Bi-State Vietnam Gold Star Bridges and the Ellis Park Race Course horse racing track are located entirely within Kentucky. The racetrack uses Indiana's 812 area code despite officially being located in Kentucky. Henderson had unusual weather patterns in

2695-527: The scenes in and around the house where the team was living; it's located on Main Street in Henderson. The horse betting scene in Traveller starring Bill Paxton , Mark Wahlberg and Julianna Margulies was filmed at Ellis Park in 1995. Transylvania Purchase The Transylvania Colony was located in what is now the central and western parts of Kentucky , and a chunk of north central Tennessee. The American pioneer and frontier explorer Daniel Boone

2750-493: The world. Great Britain, however, imposed a high tariff on imported tobacco after the war, wrecking the county and city's export market. Tobacco warehouses and plants closed, and the community's economic fortunes reversed. The last tobacco facility, the Soaper Tobacco Warehouse on Pennell Street, closed in 1984. Henderson continued as a regional center into the 20th century. Businesses were concentrated in

2805-408: Was 37 years. For every 100 females, there were 89.3 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 85.3 males. The median income for a household in the city was $ 30,427, and the median income for a family was $ 39,887. Males had a median income of $ 32,131 versus $ 22,225 for females. The per capita income for the city was $ 17,925. About 13.2% of families and 16.5% of the population were below

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2860-403: Was formally established by the Kentucky legislature the same year. A distinguishing characteristic of the new town plan was unusually wide streets, reportedly to prevent a fire in one block from easily spreading to another. Even with diagonal parking spaces outlined on downtown streets today, the streets are wide enough to include two-way traffic and space left over for delivery trucks to park in

2915-592: Was hired by Henderson to establish the Wilderness Road going through the Cumberland Gap and into southeastern Kentucky to facilitate settlement. A governmental compact was concluded by the settlers in May 1775. Most settlement was forestalled by the Revolutionary War, except around established towns. Henderson's Transylvania claim in Kentucky was invalidated by the Virginia General Assembly in 1778, and

2970-499: Was part of Virginia's royal charter . However, the commonwealth granted Henderson and his company an area of 200,000 acres (810 km ) to develop. It was located at the confluence of the Green and Ohio rivers. Henderson hired Daniel Boone to survey the country and select favorable sites, but Henderson died before the town was developed. By the early 1790s, Red Banks had a tavern and several European-American families co-existing with

3025-461: Was reported to be the largest dark tobacco producer in the world; large tobacco warehouses and stemmeries dotted the downtown Henderson area. Postcards from the era show long lines of horse- and mule-drawn wagons piled high with tobacco, waiting their turn to unload for shipment downriver. Some tobacco processors accumulated considerable fortunes. Shortly before World War I , Henderson was said to have more millionaires per capita than any other city in

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