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91-500: The original promoters of Universe (Paul Shurey, Rob Vega and former Bath Rugby Captain Roger Spurrell, Tennant and Jill Trick) had been organising events since the heady days of 1989 when raves such as Sunrise , Raindance and Perception were in their pomp. They wanted to organise an event to bring together the different sub-cultures of the dance world and also to have a festival feel to it. The company BTY Limited launched

182-493: A Granada Television late night show, the two men occasionally socialized. Winterbottom recalled that Wilson helped the production team make connections with "everyone involved in the scene." Production designer Mark Tildesley rebuilt the Haçienda nightclub interior to its exact proportions in a Manchester warehouse. The original building had been demolished and replaced with luxury flats in 2002. Coogan, who performed at

273-469: A documentary style of shooting and cinéma vérité , as cast members were encouraged to improvise and blocking was loose or non-existent. The character of Tony Wilson is an unreliable narrator who regularly breaks the fourth wall , referencing Wilson's job as a TV presenter. Real documentary footage of the period was also spliced into the film. Steve Coogan and Wilson were acquainted before filming, having first met in 1975. When Coogan later worked on

364-457: A countermeasure against drug use at raves. Much of the controversy, moral panic , and law enforcement attention directed at rave culture and its association with drug use may be due to reports of drug overdoses (particularly MDMA) at raves, concerts, and festivals. The Belgian rave scene and sound have their roots in the late 1980s Belgian EBM and New Beat scenes. Originally created by DJs slowing down gay Hi-NRG 45rpm records to 33rpm to create

455-545: A decade. 24 Hour Party People is known as FAC 401, being first on the hundred that features other video & multimedia releases. 24 Hour Party People holds a rating of 87% on Rotten Tomatoes based on 99 reviews. The site's consensus states: "The colorful, chaotic 24 Hour Party People nimbly captures the spirit of the Manchester music scene." The soundtrack to 24 Hour Party People features songs by artists closely associated with Factory Records who were depicted in

546-538: A deep bass sound. The music is often accompanied by laser light shows , projected coloured images , visual effects and fog machines . While some raves may be small parties held at nightclubs or private homes, some raves have grown to immense size, such as the large festivals and events featuring multiple DJs and dance areas (e.g., the Castlemorton Common Festival in 1992). Some electronic dance music festivals have features of raves, but on

637-455: A few large clubs that staged raves on a regular basis, most notably " The Laser Dome ", "The Fridge", " The Hippodrome ", "Club U.K.", and "Trade." "The Laser Dome" featured two separate dance areas, "Hardcore" and "Garage", as well as over 20 video game machines, a silent-movie screening lounge, replicas of the "Statue of Liberty", "San Francisco Bridge", and a large glass maze. In Scotland, event promoters Rezerection held large-scale events across

728-719: A larger, often commercial scale. Raves may last for a long time, with some events continuing for twenty-four hours, and lasting all through the night. Law enforcement raids and anti-rave laws have presented a challenge to the rave scene in many countries. This is due to the association of rave culture with illegal drugs such as MDMA (often referred to as a " club drug " or "party drug" along with MDA ), amphetamine , LSD , GHB , ketamine , methamphetamine , cocaine , and cannabis . In addition to drugs, raves often make use of non-authorized, secret venues, such as squat parties at unoccupied homes, unused warehouses, or aircraft hangars. These concerns are often attributed to

819-641: A new youth movement in Germany and Europe. DJs and electronic-music producers such as WestBam proclaimed the existence of a "raving society" and promoted electronic music as legitimate competition for rock and roll . Indeed, electronic dance music and rave subculture became mass movements. Since the mid-1990s, raves had tens of thousands of attendees, youth magazines featured styling tips, and television networks launched music magazines on house and techno music. The annual Love Parade festivals in Berlin and later

910-471: A news reporter for Granada Television and the head of Factory Records. The narrative largely follows his career, while also covering the careers of the major Factory artists, especially Joy Division and New Order , A Certain Ratio , The Durutti Column and Happy Mondays . The film is a dramatisation based on a combination of real events, rumours, urban legends and the imaginings of the scriptwriter, as

1001-497: A particularly large festival, when many individual sound systems such as Bedlam, Circus Warp, DIY, and Spiral Tribe set up near Castlemorton Common. The government acted. Under the Criminal Justice and Public Order Act 1994 , the definition of music played at a rave was given as: "Music" includes sounds wholly or predominantly characterised by the emission of a succession of repetitive beats. Sections 63, 64 and 65 of

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1092-559: A rave "chill-out" room or at a rave that plays slower electronic music includes: Raves have historically referred to grassroots organised, anti-establishment and unlicensed all‐night dance parties. Prior to the commercialisation of the rave scene, when large legal venues became the norm for these events, the location of the rave was kept secret until the night of the event, usually being communicated through answering machine messages, mobile messaging, secret flyers, and websites. This level of secrecy, necessary for avoiding any interference by

1183-455: A rave party hidden behind a washing machine in a laundromat. The following is an incomplete list of venues associated with the rave subculture: A sense of participation in a group event is among the chief appeals of rave music and dancing to pulsating beats is its immediate outlet. Raving in itself is a syllabus-free dance, whereby the movements are not predefined and the dance is performed randomly , dancers take immediate inspiration from

1274-518: A rave. The genre "rave", also known as hardcore (not to be confused with hardcore punk ) by early ravers, first appeared amongst the UK "acid" movement during the late 1980s at warehouse parties and other underground venues, as well as on UK pirate radio stations . Another genre called "rave" during the early 1990s, was the Belgian hardcore techno music that emerged from new beat , when techno became

1365-402: A separate dance form that has grown exponentially in the last couple of years early 2010. Glovers use their fingers and hands to move with the beat of the music. And they use the color to create patterns and have different speed settings for the lights on their gloves. These components give the glove artist different ways to fascinate spectators of their light shows. The use of lights can improve

1456-492: A strict minimalistic dress policy, either all white or black attire. Some ravers participate in one of four light-oriented dances, called glowsticking , glowstringing , gloving , and lightshows . Of the four types of light-orientated dances, gloving in particular has evolved far beyond the rave culture. Other types of light-related dancing include LED lights, flash-lights and blinking strobe lights. LEDs come in various colours with different settings. Gloving has evolved into

1547-474: A trance-dance groove, New Beat evolved into a native form of hardcore techno in the 1990s with the introduction of techno records played at their original speeds or even slightly accelerated. This brutal new hardcore style spread throughout the European rave circuit and penetrated the pop charts. The musical contribution of Brooklyn's DJ-producer Joey Beltram to R&S Records, run by Renaat Vandepapeliere,

1638-548: A type of moral panic surrounding rave culture. In the late 1950s in London, England, the term "rave" was used to describe the "wild bohemian parties" of the Soho beatnik set. Jazz musician Mick Mulligan , known for indulging in such excesses, had the nickname "king of the ravers". In 1958, Buddy Holly recorded the hit " Rave On ", citing the madness and frenzy of a feeling and the desire for it never to end. The word "rave"

1729-640: A wave of psychedelic and other electronic dance music , most notably acid house music, emerged from acid house music parties in the mid-to-late 1980s in the Chicago area in the United States. After Chicago acid house artists began experiencing overseas success, acid house quickly spread and caught on in the United Kingdom within clubs, warehouses and free-parties, first in Manchester in

1820-450: A wide range of sub-genres, including drum and bass , dubstep , trap , break , happy hardcore , trance , techno , hardcore , house , and alternative dance . Occasionally live musicians have been known to perform at raves, in addition to other types of performance artists such as go-go dancers and fire dancers . The music is amplified with a large, powerful sound reinforcement system , typically with large subwoofers to produce

1911-693: Is "being postmodern , before it's fashionable". The actors are often intercut with real contemporary concert footage, including the Sex Pistols gig at the Lesser Free Trade Hall . In 1976 television presenter Tony Wilson sees the Sex Pistols perform at the Manchester Lesser Free Trade Hall for the first time. Inspired, Wilson starts a weekly series of punk rock shows at a Manchester club, where

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2002-597: Is losing money. Every copy of "Blue Monday" sold loses five pence, as the intricate packaging by Peter Saville costs more than the single's sale price. Wilson pays for New Order to record a new album in Ibiza, but after two years, they still have not delivered a record. He pays for the Happy Mondays to record their fourth studio album in Barbados, but Ryder spends all the money on drugs. When Wilson finally receives

2093-451: Is the street name for alkyl nitrites (the most well-known being amyl nitrite ), which are inhaled for their intoxicating effects, notably the "rush" or "high" they can provide. Nitrites originally came as small glass capsules that were popped open, which led to the nickname "poppers." The drug became popular in the US first on the disco/club scene of the 1970s and then at dance and rave venues in

2184-479: Is to tour the United States, Curtis hangs himself. Joy Division rename themselves New Order and record a hit single, " Blue Monday ". Wilson opens a nightclub, the Haçienda ; business is slow at first, but eventually the club is packed each night. Wilson signs another hit band, Happy Mondays , led by Shaun Ryder , and the ecstasy -fuelled rave culture is born. Despite the apparent success, Factory Records

2275-546: The Home Counties ; it was this that gave the band Orbital their name. These ranged from former warehouses and industrial sites in London, to fields and country clubs in the countryside. Rave music may either refer to the late 1980s/early 1990s genres of house , new beat , breakbeat , acid house , techno and hardcore techno , which were the first genres of music to be played at rave parties, or to any other genre of electronic dance music (EDM) that may be played at

2366-1149: The Tresor (est. 1991), the Planet (1991–1993), and the Bunker (1992–1996). In Frankfurt , the Omen opened in 1988, which under its operator Sven Väth became the center of the scene in the Rhein-Main area in the following years. In 1990, the Babalu Club opened in Munich, introducing the concept of afterhours in Germany. In the late 1990s, the venues Tresor and E-Werk (1993–1997) in Berlin, Omen (1988–1998) and Dorian Gray (1978–2000) in Frankfurt, Ultraschall (1994–2003), KW – Das Heizkraftwerk (1996–2003) and Natraj Temple (1996–2008) in Munich, as well as Stammheim (1994–2002) in Kassel , had established themselves as

2457-772: The Universe - World Techno Tribe compilation CD was released in Europe on Rising High Records , on Sony Music in Japan and Moonshine Music in the USA. Compiled and mixed by Mr Oz it reached number 4 in the Gallup album charts. Subsequent CDs were later released on MMS records and FFRR . The Criminal Justice Bill of 1994 discouraged massive outdoor raves. In 1994 Tribal Gathering moved to Munich, Germany and in cooperation with "N.A.S.A/ Hannover Nice And Safe Attitude" staged an event there. In

2548-471: The 1980s and 1990s. In the 2000s, synthetic phenethylamines such as 2C-I , 2C-B and DOB have been referred to as club drugs due to their stimulating and psychedelic nature (and their chemical relationship with MDMA ). By late 2012, derivates of the psychedelic 2C-X drugs, the NBOMes and especially 25I-NBOMe , had become common at raves in Europe. In the U.S., some law enforcement agencies have branded

2639-543: The 1990s include tight-fitting nylon shirts, tight nylon quilted vests, bell-bottoms , neoprene jackets, studded belts, platform shoes , jackets, scarves and bags made of flokati fur, fluffy boots and phat pants , often in bright and neon colours. Also gaudy coloured hair, dreadlocks, tattoos and piercings came into fashion with ravers. Widespread accessories included wristbands and collars, whistles , pacifiers , white gloves, glow sticks , feather boas , oversized sunglasses , and record bags made of truck tarpaulins. In

2730-758: The 1998 event did not take place due to Universe and Mean Fiddler's legal battle over the Tribal Gathering name. In 1999 David Vincent bought the Tribal Gathering name from Paul Shurey and Ian Jenkinson, with the aim of bringing the event back to life. The Tribal Gathering name was revived in 2000 at the legendary Sankeys Soap club, Manchester. The weekly legendary "Tribal Sessions" club night took place at Sankeys with DJs generally playing House, Techno, Tech-house, Acid House & Breaks & Beats. Tribal Sessions djs included Richie Hawtin, Jeff Mills, Carl Cox, Sasha, Steve Lawler, Laurent Garnier and many others. Tribal Sessions won many awards from Mixmag best club of

2821-520: The 2000s, the clothing style of the rave culture remains heterogeneous, as do its followers. Particularly in North America, rave fashion continues to be characterised by colourful clothing and accessories, most notably the "kandi" jewellery that fluoresces under ultraviolet light. They contain words or phrases that are unique to the raver and that they can choose to trade with each other using "PLUR" (Peace, Love, Unity, Respect). This style of attire

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2912-619: The 2010s, there continued to be a vivid rave and techno scene throughout the country, including numerous festivals and world-class techno clubs also outside of Berlin, such as for example MMA Club and Blitz Club in Munich, Institut für Zukunft in Leipzig or Robert Johnson in Offenbach. The UK was finally recognised for its rave culture in the late 1980s and early 1990s. By 1991, organisations such as Fantazia and Raindance were holding massive legal raves in fields and warehouses around

3003-469: The 4,000 that came to earlier warehouse parties). Acid house music parties were first re-branded "rave parties" in the media, during the summer of 1989 by Genesis P-Orridge during a television interview; however, the ambience of the rave was not fully formed until the early 1990s. In 1990, raves were held "underground" in several cities, such as Berlin , Milan and Patras , in basements, warehouses and forests. British politicians responded with hostility to

3094-454: The Act targeted electronic dance music played at raves. The Criminal Justice and Public Order Act empowered police to stop a rave in the open air when a hundred or more people are attending, or where two or more are making preparations for a rave. Section 65 allows any uniformed constable who believes a person is on their way to a rave within a five-mile radius to stop them and direct them away from

3185-534: The FBI, raves are one of the most popular venues where club drugs are distributed, and as such feature a prominent drug subculture. Club drugs include MDMA (more commonly known as "ecstasy", "E" or "molly"), 2C-B (more commonly known as "nexus"), amphetamine (commonly referred to as "speed"), GHB (commonly referred to as "fantasy" or "liquid E"), cocaine (commonly referred to as "coke"), DMT , and LSD (commonly referred to as "lucy" or "acid"). " Poppers "

3276-522: The Festival will return on April Bank Holiday Weekend 2023 to celebrate its 30th anniversary. Rave A rave (from the verb : to rave ) is a dance party at a warehouse, club, or other public or private venue, typically featuring performances by DJs playing electronic dance music . The style is most associated with the early 1990s dance music scene when DJs played at illegal events in musical styles dominated by electronic dance music from

3367-616: The Metropolitan Ruhr area repeatedly attracted more than one million party-goers between 1997 and 2010. Dozens of other annual technoparades took place in Germany and Central Europe in the 1990s and early 2000s, the largest ones being Union Move , Generation Move, Reincarnation and Vision Parade as well as Street Parade and Lake Parade in Switzerland. Large commercial raves since the nineties include Mayday , Nature One , Time Warp , SonneMondSterne and Melt! . Since

3458-478: The New Moon and Gateway collectives, "pagan altars are set up, sacred images from primitive cultures decorate the walls, and rituals of cleansing are performed over the turntables and the dance floor" This type of spatial strategy is an integral part of the raving experience because it sets the initial "vibe" in which the ravers will immerse themselves. This said "vibe" is a concept in the raver ethos that represents

3549-578: The UK, EU and around The Globe! After 4 years at Club UK the Universe Crew moved from Wandsworth and moved to Islington and rebranded from Final Frontier to Voyager, which was held at Complex Club, which was previously the home of the AWOL Drum and Bass events. By 1998, the Tribal Gathering name had grown into a brand. There were albums, a TV show and plans to establish events worldwide in the pipeline. However their things did not go to schedule and

3640-676: The UK, Tribal Gathering teamed up with the Mean Fiddler organisation to organise more legal festivals. The next event took place in May 1995, at Otmoor Park, Beckley , Oxfordshire. Headline acts included The Prodigy , Orbital and Moby . The 1996 version of the Tribal Gathering took place in June at Luton Hoo , Bedfordshire with 30,000 turning up to see sets by Underworld , Leftfield , The Chemical Brothers , Black Grape , Goldie , Daft Punk and others. In 1997, at Luton Hoo, Kraftwerk were

3731-637: The Universe brand which organised the following UK dance parties: BTY Limited ceased trading in 1993 following considerable investment in trying to bring the UK dance party scene to San Francisco in partnership with Bill Graham Presents. The Universe brand was subsequently adopted by the Mean Fiddler organisation. The first Tribal Gathering took place Friday 30 April 1993 at Lower Pertwood Farm near Warminster , Wiltshire. 25,000 attended to see acts such as Laurent Garnier , Carl Cox , Aphex Twin , DiY Sound System and Pete Tong . In March 1994 they opened

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3822-528: The Western world. Studies have shown that adolescents are more likely than young adults to use multiple drugs, and the consumption of club drugs is highly associated with the presence of criminal behaviors and recent alcohol abuse or dependence . In May 2007, Antonio Maria Costa, executive director of the United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime , advocated drug testing on highways as

3913-563: The Zippies staged an act of electronic civil disobedience to protest against the CJB (i.e., Criminal Justice Bill ). After 1993, the main outlet for raves in the UK were a number of licensed parties, amongst them Helter Skelter , Life at Bowlers (Trafford Park, Manchester), The Edge (formerly the Eclipse [Coventry]), The Sanctuary (Milton Keynes) and Club Kinetic. In London, itself, there were

4004-401: The acid house movement of the 1980s. Further popular themes of the early rave scene were plastic aesthetics, various fetish styles, DIY , 1970s, second-hand optics, retro sportswear (such as Adidas tracksuits), sex (showing much skin and nudity, e.g. wearing transparent or crop tops), war (e.g. in the form of combat boots or camouflage trousers), and science fiction. Common fashion styles of

4095-485: The album, he finds that Ryder has refused to record vocals, and all the tracks are instrumentals. At the Haçienda, ecstasy use is curbing alcohol sales and attracting gang violence. The Factory partners try to save the business by selling the label to London Records . However, Wilson reveals that the Factory does not hold contracts with any of its artists and, therefore, doesn't own a catalogue of recordings. This renders

4186-526: The allure and receptiveness of an environment's portrayed and or innate energy. The landscape is an integral feature in the composition of rave, much like it is in pagan rituals. For example, The Numic Ghost Dancers rituals were held on specific geographical sites, considered to hold powerful natural flows of energy. These sites were later represented in the rhythmic dances, to achieve a greater level of connectivity. The Falls festival in Byron Bay features

4277-424: The area; non-compliant citizens may be subject to a maximum fine not exceeding level 3 on the standard scale (£1000). The Act was officially introduced because of the noise and disruption caused by all night parties to nearby residents, and to protect the countryside. However, some participants in the scene claimed it was an attempt to lure youth culture away from MDMA and back to taxable alcohol . In November 1994,

4368-517: The club in 1986, "got goosebumps when [he] walked into the re-created Haçienda." To achieve the needed atmosphere, the production ran it as a real nightclub for a couple of nights, and New Order worked the DJ booth. The film holds a Metacritic score of 85/100. Roger Ebert gave it four out of four. The film was nominated for the Palme d'Or at the 2002 Cannes Film Festival, competing against other films

4459-539: The company ultimately worthless and the deal falls through. While smoking marijuana on the roof of Haçienda after its closing night, Wilson has a vision of God, who assures Wilson he has earned a place in history. Cameos Director Michael Winterbottom held talks with the BBC about financing the film, but the studio "weren’t convinced anyone was interested in Tony." Once production got underway, Winterbottom emulated

4550-470: The country. By 1997, the popularity of weekly Superclub nights had taken over from the old Rave format, with a raft of new club-based genres sweeping in (e.g. Trance, Hard House, Speed and UK garage) alongside the more traditional House sound that had regained popularity. Clubs like Gatecrasher and Cream rose to prominence with dress codes and door policies that were the polar opposite of their rave counterparts; stories of refused entry due to not wearing

4641-486: The country. The Fantazia party at Castle Donington, July 1992 was an open-air, all-night event. The Vision at Pophams airfield in August 1992 and Universe's Tribal Gathering in 1993 had a more festival feel. By the middle of 1992, the scene was slowly changing, with local councils passing by-laws and increasing fees in an effort to prevent or discourage rave organisations from acquiring necessary licences. This meant that

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4732-420: The days of the large one-off parties were numbered. By the mid-1990s, the scene had also fragmented into many different styles of dance music, making large parties more expensive to set up and more difficult to promote. The sound driving the big raves of the early 1990s had by the end of 1993 split into two distinct and polarising styles, the darker jungle and the faster happy hardcore . Although many ravers left

4823-418: The early 1990s the first commercial rave fashion trends developed from this, which were quickly taken up by the fashion industry and marketed under the term clubwear . Different dress codes also evolved in the various sub-scenes of the rave culture. For example, the typical gabber or psytrance raver dressed significantly different from "normal" ravers, but common basic features remained recognisable. Since

4914-486: The ego with the other elements such as place and music and [one] enter[s] a "one state" where [they] cannot distinguish what is material or not, where things enter into syntony and constitute a unique moment, precisely the kind sought in medi[t]ation". However, disco dancers and ravers preferred different drugs. Whereas 1970s disco scene members preferred cocaine and the depressant/sedative Quaaludes , ravers preferred MDMA, 2C-B, amphetamine , and other pills. According to

5005-428: The emerging rave party trend. Politicians spoke out against raves and began to fine promoters who held unauthorised parties. Police crackdowns on these often unauthorised parties drove the rave scene into the countryside. The word "rave" somehow caught on in the UK to describe common semi-spontaneous weekend parties occurring at various locations linked by the brand new M25 London orbital motorway that ringed London and

5096-532: The film makes clear. In one scene, one-time Buzzcocks member Howard Devoto (played by Martin Hancock ) is shown having sex with Wilson's first wife in the toilets of a club; the real Devoto, an extra in the scene, turns to the camera and says, "I definitely don't remember this happening". The fourth wall is frequently broken, with Wilson (who also acts as the narrator) frequently commenting on events directly to camera as they occur, at one point declaring that he

5187-503: The film. These include Happy Mondays, Joy Division (later to become New Order) and The Durutti Column . Manchester band the Buzzcocks are featured, as are The Clash . The album begins with " Anarchy in the U.K. " by the Sex Pistols , the band credited in the film with inspiring Factory Records co-founder Tony Wilson to devote himself to promoting music. New tracks recorded for the album include Joy Division's "New Dawn Fades", from

5278-663: The first Love Parade took place in West Berlin. Immediately after the Berlin Wall fell on 9 November 1989, free underground techno parties mushroomed in East Berlin . According to East German DJ Paul van Dyk the techno-based rave scene was a major force in re-establishing social connections between East and West Germany during the unification period. Soon the first techno clubs emerged in East Berlin such as

5369-408: The first legal warehouse party for over 10 years in a "secret" Manchester location, which turned out to be a warehouse previously used as a set for the movie 24 Hour Party People , which was decorated to replicate The Haçienda nightclub. 12,000 people attended where artistes like Groove Armada, Laurent Garnier, Jeff Mills, Deep Dish appeared. The event won best event of the year 2003 with Mixmag and

5460-496: The first major municipality in Canada to pass a bylaw with respect to raves. The intent of the bylaw was to ensure that raves would be safe for participants, and also not unduly disruptive to adjacent neighbourhoods. The bylaw was created in consultation with representatives from the municipality, the province of Alberta, and the rave community. In West Germany and West Berlin , a substantial acid house scene had established itself in

5551-597: The headliners of the festival, playing for the first time in the UK since 1992. The show was a monumental success, even though there was no new material released since The Mix. From 1994 Universe ran the infamous London club night Final Frontier at Club UK, three rooms of electronic music in varying form and style. Acid, Techno, Tribal, Trance and House. Their DJ lineups were nothing short of phenomenal, each Friday over four years resident DJ's Gayle San, Tin Tin, Mr Oz, Murf and Matt Tangent played alongside nearly every 'A' list DJ from

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5642-602: The late 1980s, rave fashion has undergone constant evolution with each new generation of ravers. Many of the rave fashion trends have appeared internationally, but there were also individual developments from region to region and from scene to scene. At early rave parties, often costume-like clothes and garments with signal color look such as protective suits, safety vests , dust and gas masks were worn and combined with accessories such as vacuum cleaners or cyberpunk inspired goggles . Clothing with slogans such as " Peace, Love, Unity " and smiley-face T-shirts first appeared with

5733-548: The late 1980s. In the West Berlin club Ufo , an illegal party venue located in the basement of an old apartment building, the first acid house parties took place in 1988. In Munich at this time, the Negerhalle (1983–1989) and the ETA-Halle established themselves as the first acid house clubs in temporarily used, dilapidated industrial halls, marking the beginning of the so-called hall culture in Germany. In July 1989,

5824-492: The late 2000s, Berlin is still called the capital of techno and rave, and techno clubs such as Berghain , Tresor , KitKatClub or Watergate and the way to party in barely renovated venues, ruins or wooden shacks such as, among many others, Club der Visionaere , Wilde Renate , or Bar 25 , attracted international media attention. One movie that portraits the scene of the 2000s is Berlin Calling starring Paul Kalkbrenner. In

5915-719: The legendary London night club 'Final Frontier', at Club UK in Wandsworth. Weekly nights ran for several years, relocating in 1997 to the Complex Club in Islington. Each week featured numerous headline djs and live acts, the likes of which had never been seen before. A proud moment for the promoters was when 'Final Frontier' was voted number 5 in Musik Magazines top 50 clubs of all time, just behind Studio 54 , Dorian Gray , Paradise Garage and Limelight. Also in 1993

6006-474: The line, "It's a crash course for the ravers." Its use during that era would have been perceived as a quaint or ironic use of bygone slang: part of the dated 1960s lexicon along with words such as "groovy". The perception of the word "rave" changed again in the late 1980s when the term was revived and adopted by a new youth culture, possibly inspired by the use of the term in Jamaica. In the mid to late 1980s,

6097-575: The main style in the Belgian EDM scene. The "rave" genre would develop into oldschool hardcore , which lead onto newer forms of rave music such as drum and bass , 2-step and happy hardcore as well as other hardcore techno genres, such as gabber and hardstyle . Rave music is usually presented in a DJ mix set, although live performances are not uncommon. Styles of music include: Downtempo and less dance-oriented styles which are sometimes called chill-out music , that might be heard in

6188-720: The mid-1980s and then later in London. In the late 1980s, the word "rave" was adopted to describe the subculture that grew out of the acid house movement. Activities were related to the party atmosphere of Ibiza , a Mediterranean island in Spain, frequented by British, Italian, Greek, Irish and German youth on vacation, who would hold raves and dance parties. By the 1990s, genres such as acid , breakbeat hardcore , hardcore , happy hardcore , gabber , drum and bass , post-industrial and electronica were all being featured at raves, both large and small. There were mainstream events which attracted thousands of people (up to 25,000 instead of

6279-465: The mod era of 1963–1966 to the hippie era of 1967 and beyond, the term fell out of popular usage. The Northern soul movement is cited by many as being a significant step towards the creation of contemporary club culture and of the superstar DJ culture of the 2000s. As in contemporary club culture, Northern soul DJs built up a following based on satisfying the crowd's desires for music that they could not hear anywhere else. Many argue that Northern soul

6370-489: The most renowned techno clubs in Germany. Parallel to the established club scene, illegal raves remained an integral part of the German rave scene throughout the 1990s. In urbanised Germany illegal raves and techno parties often preferred industrial sceneries such as decommissioned power stations, factories, the canalisation or former military properties of the cold war. In the course of the 1990s, rave culture became part of

6461-523: The music, their mood and watching other people dancing. Thus, the electronic, rave and club dances, also known as Post-Internet Dances refer to the street dance styles that evolved alongside electronic music culture. A common feature shared by all these dances, along with being originated at clubs, raves and music festivals around the world and in different years, is that when YouTube and other social media started to become popular (around 2006), these dances began to be popularised by videos of raves. Since

6552-539: The newly formed Joy Division perform, led by the erratic, brooding Ian Curtis . Wilson founds a record label, Factory Records , and signs Joy Division as the first band; the contract is written in Wilson's blood and gives the Factory artists full control over their music. He hires irascible producer Martin Hannett to record Joy Division, and soon the band and label have a hit record. In 1980, just before Joy Division

6643-520: The police, also on account of the illicit drug use, enabled the ravers to use locations they could stay in for ten hours at a time. It promoted the sense of deviance and removal from social control. In the 2000s, this level of secrecy still exists in the underground rave scene. However "after-hours" clubs, as well as large outdoor events, create a similar type of alternate atmosphere, but focus much more on vibrant visual effects, such as props and décor. In more recent years, large commercial events are held at

6734-485: The rave scene would soon explode into a massive scene, with 23 Hop as the initial launching pad, until its closure in 1995. The documentary film The Legend of 23 Hop highlighted the early stages of Exodus and similarly modelled production companies. Notable DJs that performed at 23 Hop included Moby , Mark Oliver, Dino & Terry, Sean L., Dr. No, Malik X, DJ Ruffneck, Jungle PhD, Kenny Glasgow, Matt C, John E, Danny Henry and David Crooke. In 2001 Calgary, Alberta became

6825-579: The right clothing were commonplace, but seemingly did nothing to deter Superclub attendance. In August 2020, following a proliferation of illegal gatherings, the British government introduced additional legislation allowing police to issue organisers of illegal gatherings with fines of £10,000. 24 Hour Party People 24 Hour Party People is a 2002 British biographical comedy drama film about Manchester 's popular music community from 1976 to 1992, and specifically about Factory Records . It

6916-466: The same locations year after year with similar reoccurring themes every year. Events like Electric Daisy Carnival and Tomorrowland are typically held at the same venue that holds mass numbers of people. Some raves make use of pagan symbolism. Modern raving venues attempt to immerse the raver in a fantasy-like world. Indigenous imagery and spirituality can be characteristic in the Raving ethos. In both

7007-413: The same year, including About Schmidt , and The Pianist . In 2019, The Guardian ranked the film 49th in its 100 best films of the 21st century list. Empire gave it four out of five, highlighting the film's director. As usual with anything related to Factory Records, the film received its own FAC catalogue number – posthumously, in a sense, as Factory had already been bankrupt for nearly

7098-507: The scene due to the split, promoters such as ESP Dreamscape and Helter Skelter still enjoyed widespread popularity and capacity attendances with multi-arena events catering to the various genres. Notable events of this period included ESP's outdoor Dreamscape 20 event on 9 September 1995 at Brafield aerodrome fields, Northants and Helter Skelter's Energy 97 outdoor event on 9 August 1997 at Turweston Aerodrome, Northants. The illegal free party scene also reached its zenith for that time after

7189-455: The subculture as a drug-centric culture, as rave attendees have been known to use drugs such as cannabis , 2C-B , and DMT . Since the early 2000s, medical professionals have acknowledged and addressed the problem of the increasing consumption of alcoholic drinks and club drugs (such as MDMA , cocaine , rohypnol , GHB , ketamine , PCP , LSD , and methamphetamine ) associated with rave culture among adolescents and young adults in

7280-451: The various elements of 1970s disco subculture that ravers drew on, in addition to basing their scene around dance music mixed by DJs, ravers also inherited the positive attitude towards using club drugs to "enhanc[e]...the sensory experience" of dancing to loud music. The state of mind referred to as "ecstasy" (not to be confused with the slang term for MDMA ) sought by ravers has been described as "a result of when various factors harmonise

7371-446: The way people react during the songs or throughout the concert itself. Since then the culture has extended to all ages, ranging from kids in their early teens to college students and more. The traditional Rave lights are limited now, but many stores have developed newer, brighter, and more advanced version of lights with a plethora of colours and modes—modes include solid, stribbon, strobe , dops, hyper flash, and other variations. Among

7462-590: The year 2004. There was also 2 exhibitions in Manchester Museum of Science and Industry for the brand for providing significant culture for the city of Manchester. In 2002 Tribal Gathering returned as a weekender at Southport Pontins to a sell-out 5,000 capacity crowd with DJs Sasha, Dave Clarke, Deep Dish, Derrick Carter, Erol Alkan amongst others performing with many rave reviews. There was a follow-up event in November 2003. In 2003 Tribal Gathering held

7553-527: Was a common term used regarding the music of mid-1960s garage rock and psychedelia bands (most notably the Yardbirds , who released an album in the United States called Having a Rave Up ). Along with being an alternative term for partying at such garage events in general, the "rave-up" referred to a specific crescendo moment near the end of a song where the music was played faster, more heavily and with intense soloing or elements of controlled feedback. It

7644-437: Was again taken up by the fashion industry and marketed as "rave fashion" or "festival fashion", now includling all kinds of accessories to create unique looks depending on event. In contrast to this and starting at Berlin techno clubs like Berghain in the 2000s, a strictly black style, partly borrowed from the dark scene , has established itself within parts of the techno scene. Certain rave events such as Sensation also have

7735-406: Was instrumental in creating a network of clubs, DJs, record collectors and dealers in the UK, and was the first music scene to provide the British charts with records that sold entirely on the strength of club play. A technique employed by northern soul DJs in common with their later counterparts was the sequencing of records to create euphoric highs and lows for the crowd; DJ Laurence 'Larry' Proxton

7826-469: Was instrumental in the development of iconic Belgian techno sounds and anthems. Exodus Productions was arguably the first production company in Canada to throw regular rave style events at the warehouse space known as 23 Hop, located at 318 Richmond Street West in Toronto 's Entertainment District . The first party was held on 31 August 1991. Multiple production companies would quickly follow suit, and

7917-477: Was known for using this method. DJ personalities and their followers involved in the original Northern soul movement went on to become important figures in the house and dance music scenes. During the 1970s and early 1980s until its resurrection, the term was not in vogue, one notable exception being in the lyrics of the song " Drive-In Saturday " by David Bowie (from his 1973 album Aladdin Sane ) which includes

8008-467: Was later part of the title of an electronic music performance event held on 28 January 1967 at London's Roundhouse titled the "Million Volt Light and Sound Rave". The event featured the only known public airing of an experimental sound collage created for the occasion by Paul McCartney of the Beatles – the legendary " Carnival of Light " recording. With the rapid change of British pop culture from

8099-449: Was later used in the burgeoning mod youth culture of the early 1960s as the way to describe any wild party in general. People who were gregarious party animals were described as "ravers". Pop musicians such as Steve Marriott of Small Faces and Keith Moon of the Who were self-described "ravers". Presaging the word's subsequent 1980s association with electronic music , the word "rave"

8190-650: Was voted second best party ever by Mixmag in 2004. In 2004 Tribal Gathering held a two-day warehouse party in a Manchester City Centre in association with the Hacienda with DJs Groove Armada, Graeme Park and Mike Pickering. In July 2005, a Tribal Gathering festival was organised, in aid of the war victims in Darfur , Sudan , to take place again at Luton Hoo but it was cancelled due to the terrorist attacks that took place on 7 July in London. There has not been an event since but inside music industry sources are reporting that

8281-401: Was written by Frank Cottrell Boyce and directed by Michael Winterbottom . The film was entered into the 2002 Cannes Film Festival to positive reviews. It begins with the punk rock era of the late 1970s and moves through the 1980s into the rave and DJ culture and the " Madchester " scene of the late 1980s and early 1990s. The main character is Tony Wilson (played by Steve Coogan ),

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