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59-458: Tuguegarao ( / t ʊ ˈ ɡ ɛ ɡ ʌ r aʊ / or / t ʊ ɡ ɛ ɡ ə ˈ r aʊ / ), officially the City of Tuguegarao ( Ibanag : Siyudad nat Tugegaraw ; Itawit : Siyudad yo Tugegaraw ; Ilocano : Siudad ti Tuguegarao ; Filipino : Lungsod ng Tuguegarao [tʊgɛ̝gäˈɾaʊ] ), is a 1st class component city and capital of the province of Cagayan , Philippines . According to

118-417: A copula , which means there is no verb equivalent to English to be . However, this is sometimes compensated for by using the verb for to have . Many times, the infinitive form is the same as the present tense. There are different ways to form the past tense. Here are a few common ways. Again, there are a couple of ways of forming future tense. One is by the use of a helping word like to go . Sometimes

177-641: A tropical monsoon climate ( Am ), with only a slight difference between summer and winter temperatures, and high year-round humidity. The average maximum temperature during May is 96 °F (36 °C), one of the highest in the country. On May 11, 1969, the highest temperature in the Philippines was recorded in Tuguegarao at 42.2 °C (108.0 °F), beating the previous record of 39.5 °C (103.1 °F) also measured in Tuguegarao in May 1912. Thus,

236-505: A sham election. He disappeared without a trace in August 1980 after unknown men tried to capture him in front of his students the day before. He was later honored by having his name inscribed on the wall of remembrance of the Philippines' Bantayog ng mga Bayani in recognition of his martyrdom while resisting authoritarianism. In 1975, Tuguegarao was declared as the capital and seat of the regional government of Cagayan Valley (Region II) being

295-482: A significant growth of auto-hub companies with the presence of car showrooms in the city. The City Government of Tuguegarao, through the city's Information and Communications Technology (ICT) Council hosted a meeting with IT-BPO companies Sitel Philippines Inc. and Lee Chiu Property Consultants, Inc. in September 2018 to discuss the possibilities of locating their companies in the city. Initial steps have been made for

354-698: Is DoubleDragon Properties' CityMall Tuguegarao which opened on March 1, 2021, its first mall in the region. Other notable shopping centers include the Tuguegarao City Commercial Center, formerly known as the Mall of the Valley; FCI Citimall, the first shopping mall in Northern Luzon; Brickstone Mall; Primark Town Center Tuguegarao, former site of Paseo Reale Mall; Unitop Mall Tuguegarao; Mart One Department Store and more. Following

413-598: Is almost encapsulated by the Cagayan River in the western and southern side, which explains for its northward expansion, and the Pinacanauan River , a tributary of Cagayan River , in the eastern part. Small bodies of waters are found in the city, such as the Balzain Creek which spans the barangays of Caritan Sur and Balzain. Currently, the creek is continuously drying up due to eutrophication and

472-564: Is another marker that is used, but is not very simple to explain. Often it is seen in conjunction with the word awan , meaning 'nothing, none'. Ta is yet another marker used. Ta is like sa in Tagalog. Ta is used to refer to place (Isabela). This is also used in Tuguegarao. Example: 'We went to Tuguegarao.': Minay kami ta Tuguegarao. Tu is used to refer to things. Example: 'We ate pork.' Kiminang kami tu bavi. (Isabela) Ibanag verbs that end in n lose

531-751: Is consistent with that of the Filipino language and other languages such as Bisaya and Ilokano. Moreover, silent letters are omitted. This orthography is the one being adopted for use in public schools for the purpose of the Department of Education's Mother Tongue-Based Multilingual Education policy in Ibanag-speaking areas and is prescribed by the Ibanag Heritage Foundation, Inc. Example: Kiminak kami tu bavi. 'We ate pork.' Example: Napannu tu kunam i langi. 'The sky

590-404: Is full of clouds.' -' when subject ends with a vowel or diphthong lima (hand) lima' (my hand) Kua is the root word that identifies something as belonging to someone. Often ku is added before kua to emphasize this. This is only possible with 'mine' and 'yours' but not with other possessive pronouns. 'That IS mine.': Kukua' yatun In order to emphasize or stress

649-661: Is no longer used apparently by modern speakers of the language. As of Oct. 2012, "revival of the Ibanag culture is part of the Mother-Tongue Based (MTB) program of the [Philippine] government which seeks to preserve indigenous cultures, including its languages, for generations to come. Ibanag is one of the MTB languages now taught in Philippine schools," and two current stage plays, Zininaga Ta Bannag ( Heritage of

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708-563: Is spoken in various areas of the Northeastern Region of the Philippines (namely within Isabela and Cagayan), and because of this, there are also minor differences in the way that it is spoken in these areas. Ibanag spoken in Tuguegarao is known to be the standard dialect. Other native Ibanag speakers usually distinguish if the speaker is from Tuguegarao City with the variation of their pronunciation and accent. Most who have adapted

767-407: The "Spanish style" is often used: ⟨c⟩, and ⟨qu⟩ are used to represent /k/, and words that end with a glottal stop have -c added to the end of the word. Example: Quiminac cami tab bavi . 'We ate pork.' Example: Napannu tac cunam y langui-c. 'The sky is full of clouds.' The other way of writing Ibanag is the new, simplified way which tends to be more phonetic. This modern spelling system

826-531: The "unutilized potentials" seen as key in the development of the area. New developments are aimed to spread within the metro area with the construction of a new bridge linking Solana and Tuguegarao. When opened, this bridge will help decongest traffic in Buntun Bridge . As a component city and capital of the Province of Cagayan, government officials in the provincial level are voted by the electorates of

885-584: The 2020 census, it has a population of 166,334 people, making it the most populous city in Cagayan Province, Cagayan Valley and Northeastern Luzon. A major urban center and primary growth center in the Northeastern Luzon, it is the regional center of Cagayan Valley and also its regional institutional and administrative center. The city is a convergence area for the provinces of Cagayan, Kalinga , Apayao and northern Isabela and one of

944-526: The IT and Business Process Association of the Philippines (IBPAP) and Leechiu Property Consultants (LPC), named Tuguegarao as one of the 25 "digital cities" poised to be prospect growth areas of the information technology and business process management (IT-BPM) sector in the country by 2025. Currently, Tuguegarao has two major public markets, namely, the Don Domingo Public Market — located in

1003-560: The Philippines (EDCOP) and the Key Engineer Corporation to prepare a master plan for spurring economic growth in the Metro Tuguegarao zone. The metropolitan area, known as PIEST , includes the four municipalities of Peñablanca , Iguig , Enrile , Solana and the city of Tuguegarao. A situation analysis made by the consultative bodies found out that agriculture, water resource and tourism sectors were some of

1062-476: The Philippines under Martial Law in September 1972 and thus retained the position for fourteen more years. This period in Philippine history is remembered for the Marcos administration's record of human rights abuses , particularly targeting political opponents, student activists, journalists, religious workers, farmers, and others who fought against the Marcos dictatorship. In Tuguegarao, Camp Marcelo Adduru became

1121-534: The Philippines. They are seen as highly developed urban centers where a lot of economic activities take place, and is important to urbanization and development. Tuguegarao is eyed as a center of exponential growth for commerce, industry and service, strengthening its stature as the capital of the Cagayan Valley Region . SM Prime , the largest retail operator in the country, opened SM Center Tuguegarao Downtown on October 12, 2017, as its first mall in

1180-587: The Philippines—42.2 °C (108.0 °F)—hit Tuguegarao on May 11, 1969. Taraw is a palm tree in the area and garao is a reference to the "swift river current". The popular version based on legend is the Ibanags' reply to the Spaniards when asked for the name of the place: Tuggi gari yaw ("this was cleared by fire"). The origin of the city's name is unknown, but historical evidence suggests it

1239-530: The Regional Government Center. Launched on February 4, 2020, by real estate developer DataLand, it will feature a mixed-use superblock of retail shops, transport terminal, hotel and residential condominiums and a business park for BPO companies, financial institutions and major corporations. Nuciti by Vista Estates will become one of the future central business district of Tuguegarao spanning at 100-hectares of prime land currently it will house

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1298-956: The River ) and Why Women Wash the Dishes are being performed in the Ibanag language. Monophthongization of diphthongs is observable in Ibanag. For example, the words umay ('to go'), balay ('house') or aggaw ('day') are sometimes pronounced as ume , bale , and aggo respectively. Ibanag is one of the Philippine languages which are excluded in the [ɾ] - [d] allophony . Ibanag features phonemes that are not present in many related Philippine languages ; phonemes unique to Ibanag compared to its sister languages include [f] as in innafi , 'rice', [v] as in bavi , 'pig', [z] as in kazzing , 'goat' and [dʒ] as in madjan , 'maid'. Ibanag features gemination : There are two ways that Ibanag can be written. In older texts,

1357-654: The Roman Catholic Archdiocese is at St. Peter Metropolitan Cathedral , one of the largest churches in the region. There are also Protestants , Baptist , Church of Christ , Adventists , Born Again groups, the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints , Jehovah's Witnesses , and Philippine-based groups like the Iglesia Filipina Independiente , Iglesia ni Cristo and Members Church of God International that accounts to

1416-561: The Rosevale Towers, restaurants, cafes and in future developments it will feature commercial blocks, office buildings, meeting spaces, condotels, hotels, condominiums and commercial hubs. In May 2019, the National Economic and Development Authority Regional Development Council - Region 2 worked with consulting firms Pacific Rim Innovation and Management Exponents, Inc. (PRIMEX), Engineering and Development Corporation of

1475-482: The Tuguegarao and Isabela Ibanag. The dialects are South Ibanag and North Ibanag. Examples: Tuguegarao Ibanag may be considered the standard; however, Northern Cagayan Ibanag may be closest to the ancient Pre-Hispanic Ibanag existed before the spread of the language throughout the province, as Northern Cagayan was the original Ibanag home territory. On the other hand, Tuguegarao Ibanag, besides having Spanish influences, may have acquired elements from nearby Itawis. At

1534-528: The city and in Cagayan. Its second mall, SM City Tuguegarao , opened on November 18, 2022, marketed as the largest mall in the Cagayan Valley Region. On July 26, 2018, rival Robinsons Land Corporation opened the mixed-use complex shopping mall Robinsons Place Tuguegarao as the first full-service mall in Cagayan, including a Go Hotels branch, the first in the region. A few kilometers away

1593-587: The city and its airfield was bombed at the opening of the Pacific War on 8 December 1941. The city fell to the Japanese Imperial Army on 12 December 1941, as part of the Japanese invasion of Aparri . The General Headquarters of the 11th Infantry Regiment, Philippine Commonwealth Army , USAFIP-NL was activated in 1942 and stationed in Tuguegarao. Following an escalation of fighting during

1652-451: The city was tagged as the "Hottest City in the Philippines". Unusually, in months—usually lasts from December to February—where the cool northeast monsoon or locally as amihan surges, temperatures in the city drop to as low as 15 °C (59 °F)—in 2017—especially in early mornings. Locals parallel the chills felt with that in Baguio . In the 2020 census, the population of Tuguegarao

1711-452: The city's population. These religious organizations have their own temples and churches sparsely located in the city. Some are Islam where their mosque is found in Centro 10 (Riverside). Poverty incidence of Tuguegarao Source: Philippine Statistics Authority Within the past three decades, its economy gradually shifted from agriculture to trading, commerce and services. The shift

1770-693: The city. Some are of Chinese and Indian descent. Due to a history of Spanish and other foreign missions, Christianity, in the form of Roman Catholicism, is the predominant religion in Tuguegarao. The present Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Tuguegarao was chiseled from the Archdiocese of Nueva Segovia formerly located in Lal-lo (Nueva Segovia) . It was initially created as a diocese on April 10, 1910, and elevated as an Archdiocese by Pope Paul VI on September 21, 1974. It has jurisdiction over suffragan bishops of Bayombong , Ilagan and Batanes . The seat of

1829-573: The city. The provincial government have political jurisdiction over local transactions of the city government. Ibanag language Similar to more widely known Philippine languages like Cebuano and Tagalog , Ibanag is a Philippine language belonging to the Austronesian language family . It falls under the Northern Philippine languages subgroup, which also includes the larger languages Ilocano and Pangasinan . Ibanag

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1888-458: The closing months of the war, the Japanese fled to the barrio of Capatan. Tuguegarao was liberated by Allied forces on 25 June 1945. Sitio Capatan was elevated into a barrio (or barangay) of Tuguegarao on April 3, 1959, by Republic Act No. 2107. Loan-funded government spending to promote Ferdinand Marcos’ 1969 reelection campaign caused the Philippine economy took a sudden downwards turn in

1947-716: The dialect, acquire the first consonant of the succeeding word. Tal likuk nab balay 'at the back of the house' List of Philippine laws This article contains a partial list of Philippine laws . Local government councils Philippine laws have had various nomenclature designations at different periods in the history of the Philippines , as shown in the following table: The following table lists Philippine laws that have been mentioned in Misplaced Pages or are otherwise notable. Only laws passed by Congress and its preceding bodies are listed here; presidential decrees and other executive issuances which may otherwise carry

2006-524: The distance or time, the stress on the word falls on the first syllable except for yatun – i.e. yatun davvun 'that land'. Other ways that words are emphasized are by using locatives. With turi the stress on tu is often lengthened to emphasize the distance and time that has passed. Each of the doubled consonants must be pronounced separately – i.e. anni? – an ni Ibanag verbs are conjugated based on tense, but not person. Like most other Malayo-Polynesian languages, Ibanag does not have

2065-533: The effect of pushing moderate student protesters towards the radical left, and causing many of them to go home to their home provinces like Cagayan. Marcos' actions thus lead the Marxist–Leninist–Maoist Communist Party of the Philippines to gain a significant presence in many Cagayan municipalities, although not as much in Tuguegarao itself. With only a year left in his last constitutionally allowed term as president Ferdinand Marcos placed

2124-766: The establishment of an IT park and a township where BPO companies could locate. Tuguegarao, as the seat of the regional capital of Cagayan Valley , houses the regional headquarters of the Bangko Sentral ng Pilipinas located at the Regional Government Center in Carig Sur. As of 2019, a total of 53 banks are operating in the city such as BPI , BDO , Chinabank , RCBC , EastWest , UnionBank , Robinsons Bank , PNB , Bank of Commerce , Landbank , UCPB , Philippine Postal Savings Bank and others. Major real estate developers Ayala Land — Avida Settings Tuguegarao — and Vista Land — Camella Tuguegarao, Lessandra Cagayan and

2183-630: The expansion of Camella Cagayan (soon Camella Cagayan Trails) — are constructing their housing developments in Cagayan Valley. New condominiums developments are in the city these are Bayani Hall Lecaros, Bayani Hall Twin Towers developed by Vester Corporation and Rosevale Towers developed by Vista Estates. The North Gateway Business Park is an 18-hectare (44-acre) mixed-use township development project located in Barangay Carig Sur, near

2242-679: The fast-emerging cities in the Philippines. Dubbed as the "Gateway to the Ilocandia and the Cordilleras ," the city is located on the southern border of the province where the Pinacanauan River empties into the Cagayan River . It is surrounded by the Sierra Madre Mountains to the east, Cordillera Mountains to the west, and the Caraballo Mountains to the south. The highest temperature ever recorded in

2301-416: The hotel. During this melee, Aguinaldo fled with about 90 fighters for mountains in the north and went into hiding for several months until he surrendered, only to be cleared of all legal charges by winning reelection in 1992. Tuguegarao became a component city by virtue of Republic Act 8755 dated November 4, 1999, followed by a plebiscite held on December 18, 1999. Randolph Ting was the first mayor of

2360-404: The last consonant, which is replaced by the first consonant of the succeeding word. However, when the succeeding word starts with a vowel or another n , the last n is not affected. Examples: Correct: Apam mu yari libru 'Go get the book.' Correct: Nasingak ku y yama na 'I saw his father.' The marker ta and the preposition na (not the pronoun) sometimes, depending also on

2419-566: The last months of the 1960s. Known as the 1969 Philippine balance of payments crisis , this led to social unrest throughout the country beginning with the First Quarter Storm protests of 1970, and incidents of violence like the Plaza Miranda bombing . Marcos responded by vilifying his critics as "communists" and suspending the privilege of the writ of habeas corpus through Proclamation No. 889 in August 1971, but this had

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2478-635: The new city. On July 2, 2007, Ting's father, businessman and former municipal mayor Delfin Telan Ting, was elected as the city's second mayor. After the 25-year political dominance of the Tings, however, retired police general Jefferson Soriano won over re-electionist Delfin Ting in the 2013 local elections . However, Soriano's term was marked by multiple charges of corruption that saw him being reinstated several times over his nine years in office. Eventually, he

2537-538: The new lingua franca since the late 20th century. Cauayan speakers and Ilagan speakers in Isabela have a hard accent as opposed to the Tuguegarao Ibanag which sounded Hispanic. But, native speakers of Northern Cagayan have a harder accent. For example, Ibanags from towns in northern Cagayan, which includes Abulug, Aparri, Camalaniugan, Pamplona, and Lallo, tend to replace their p s with f s. Also, certain Ibanag words differ from these areas as opposed to

2596-486: The new vicar Fray Tomas Villa, O.P. initiating the construction of a temporary church housing Sts. Peter and Paul as patron saints. In the 1720s, Father Antonio Lobato, O.P. developed a layout of street network together with the construction of the cathedral. In 1839, the provincial capital was transferred to Tuguegarao from Lal-lo as the Cagayan-Manila road opened which spurred socio-economic progress. The town

2655-611: The opening of 7 Eleven stores in Nueva Vizcaya , and Isabela provinces, the Philippine Seven Corporation expanded its reach to the Cagayan with its two branches in the city at College Avenue, near University of Cagayan Valley and at the new Valley Hotel Tower Mall in Balzain. There are currently more than eight branches of 7 Eleven stores as business expansion continues in the city. The city has seen

2714-410: The other 6 southern municipalities. The city is located 481 kilometres (299 mi) north of Manila , which is an hour by plane and ten hours of land travel. Tuguegarao is politically subdivided and comprises into 49 barangays . Each barangay consists of puroks while some have sitios . There are 31 barangays in the city that are considered urban (highlighted in bold ). Tuguegarao experiences

2773-413: The present tense can indicate future depending on the context. Ibanag sentence structure often follows the verb–subject–object pattern. Adjectives often follow the nouns with a marker attached. Simple sentences as opposed to descriptive patterns: Y and nga are the two most commonly used markers in Ibanag. They either link adjectives to nouns or indicate the subject of the sentence. Tu

2832-418: The province's main detention center for "political detainees," who were often never formally charged with a crime, and thus technically not counted by Marcos as "prisoners." Others disappeared without the trace for daring to speak against Marcos, such as Romeo G. Crismo, a teacher at Cagayan Teacher’s College and St. Louis College in Tuguegarao, who criticized the 1973 Philippine constitutional plebiscite as

2891-655: The region's geographic center with adequate facilities and amenities needed by such. Multistory buildings were constructed in the poblacion greatly changing Tuguegarao's skyline in the 1980s and 1990s. On March 4, 1990, former colonel and suspended Cagayan governor Rodolfo Aguinaldo seized the Hotel Delfino using his private army of about 300 men. Aguinaldo stood accused of supporting the Dec. 1–9, 1989 coup attempt against President Corazon Aquino . Brigadier General Oscar Florendo, armed forces chief of Civil Military Relations,

2950-471: The same time, Isabela Ibanag may have acquired elements from the original Gaddang language predominant in the province. Some words used in the present such as innafi 'rice', bavi 'pig', afi 'fire', are listed in Spanish texts as innafuy , bavuy , and afuy respectively. Also, the Ibanag term for the number one, tadday , was once used interchangeably with the word itte , which

3009-479: The uncontrollable growth of water lilies. Historically, the town was inhabited by Irayas and Itawes who lived and mainly relied on fishing, farming, hunting and livestock raising. In addition, ancient natives have ventured on weaving cloth and making of household and farm implements. Cagayan is divided into three congressional districts , wherein the city is included in the Third District together with

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3068-500: The upper part of Poblacion serving as the convergence of agricultural and aquatic products from neighboring towns and provinces — and the Tuguegarao City Commercial Center — formerly known as Mall of the Valley and is located at the Central Business District, receiving the highest daily foot traffic. Large retail operators have shown significant interest to the growth and increase of land value in cities throughout

3127-402: The urban dialects of Ibanag tend to have a Hispanic accent. In Tuguegarao, before the Spaniards came, the language was Irraya (an almost-extinct Gaddang dialect). Spaniards introduced Ibanag to the city from Lal-lo (formerly the city of Nueva Segovia) and made the language as the lingua franca of the northeastern Philippines. However, with the introduction of Ilocano settlers, Ilocano has become

3186-487: Was 166,334 people with a density of 1,100 inhabitants per square kilometre or 2,800 inhabitants per square mile. It is the most populous and densest city in the Cagayan Valley region. Most of the inhabitants are Ilocanos , Ibanags and Itawes . City's other residents include Kapampangans , Pangasinans , Tagalogs , Cebuanos , Hiligaynons , Maranaos , Maguindanaons and Tausugs —all of whom are not native in

3245-446: Was defeated by Maila Ting-Que, daughter of Delfin Ting, in his 4th reelection bid in the 2022 local elections . This made Ting-Que the first woman to be elected mayor of the city. Tuguegarao's location is in the southern portion of the province. The city is bordered by Iguig to the north; to the west by the Cagayan River and Solana ; Peñablanca to the east; and to the south by Enrile and San Pablo, Isabela . The river delta city

3304-537: Was occupied by American troops on December 12, 1899. Drastic improvements in Tuguegarao were discerned over the course of provincial administrations—the first Provincial Capitol was completed in 1909, a town hall and public market were built, the provincial high school— Cagayan High School —was founded in a former private residence, and the Cagayan Valley College of Arts & Trades was founded by American educator Claude Andrews. During World War II ,

3363-405: Was originally a pre-colonial settlement called Tubigarao . In 1591, the place was listed as a Spanish encomienda . [REDACTED]   Kingdom of Spain 1604–1899 [REDACTED]   United States of America 1899–1941 [REDACTED]   Empire of Japan 1941–1945 [REDACTED]   Philippines 1946–present Tuguegarao was founded on May 9, 1604, as a "mission-pueblo" with

3422-438: Was sent to Tuguegarao by Aquino to serve Aguinaldo with an arrest warrant. After Aguinaldo's men seized control of Hotel Delfino where the general was staying, Florendo was taken hostage along with more than 50 other hotel guests. Florendo was eventually shot inside the hotel and died of his wounds. Following hours of standoff between the two sides, nearly 1,000 government troops launched an attack to dislodge Aguinaldo's forces from

3481-504: Was ushered by Tuguegarao's role as the Regional Government Center and Center of Commerce in Northern Luzon. In early 2016, Tuguegarao City was named as one of the ten emerging cities in the 2015 Next Wave Cities report, conducted by Department of Science and Technology - Information and Communications Technology Office (DOST-ICTO) . On June 30, 2020, the Department of Information and Communications Technology (DICT) , in partnership with

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